Orthodon(c*Treatment - 1 File Download

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Orthodon(c Treatment

Transcript of Orthodon(c*Treatment - 1 File Download

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Orthodon(c  Treatment  

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Problems  •  Posterior  crossbite  

–  Dental  –  Skeletal  (Class  III)  

•  Anterior  crossbite  –  Dental  –  Skeletal  (Class  III)  

•  Excess  overjet  –  Dental  –  Skeletal  (Class  II)  

•  Anterior  open  bite  –  Dental  (simple)  –  Skeletal  (complex)  

•  Deep  overbite  –  Dental  –  Skeletal  (Class  II)  

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Crossbite  

•  Teeth  overlap  improperly  – AP  for  anterior  – Transverse  for  posterior  

•  Anterior,  Posterior,  Skeletal,  Dental  

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Anterior  Dental  Crossbite  

•  Incisor  crowding  causing  maxillary  incisors  to  erupt  palatally  

•  Pseudo  Class  III  malocclusion  •  Tooth  wear,  perio  •  Tx:  (p  maxillary  incisors  labially  

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Removable  Appliance  

•  Adams  clasps=  reten(on  •  Acrylic  base  •  Spring=  labial  (pping  •  Labial  bow=  stop  (?)  •  Bite  plane/plate=  separa(on  

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Paperclip  

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Finger  Spring  (Single  Can(lever)  

•  Ac(ve  arm  •  Helix  (3mm)  •  Reten(ve  arm  •  2-­‐3mm  of  ac(va(on  •  1mm/month  

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Finger  Spring  

•  Helix  should  be  opposite  to  direc(on  of  intended  tooth  movement  

•  Usually  MD  

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Z-­‐Spring  (Double  Can(lever)  

•  Second  beam  with  a  second  helix  

•  2mm  of  ac(va(on  per  helix  

•  Usually  FL  

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Fixed  Lingual  Arch  

•  Whip  spring  – 15mm  long  – 1mm/month  

•  Tip  incisors  labially  

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Fixed  2x4  Appliance  

•  2  molars  banded  •  4  incisors  bonded  

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Hawley  Retainer  

•  Best  reten(on  following  correc(on  of  a  crossbite  

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Anterior  Skeletal  Crossbite  

•  Basically  Class  III  

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Reverse  Pull  Headgear  

•  Age  7  or  8  before  skull  fissures  fuse  •  For  maxillary  deficiency  

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Chin  Cup  

•  For  mandibular  excess  •  Not  used  anymore  

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Class  III  Elas(cs  

•  Age  11,  TADs  with  mature  bone  •  Fixed  edgewise  appliance  

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Posterior  Crossbite  

•  “Rule  of  thumb”  – Dental=  normal  palate,  lingual  (pping  – Skeletal=  narrow  palate,  Class  III  

•  Thumb-­‐sucking  habit  – Maxillary  constric(on  from  buccinator  – Unilateral  posterior  CB  due  to  func(onal  shi`  – Tooth  wear,  dental  compensa(on,  crowding  

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Posterior  Dental  Crossbite  

•  Palatal  (pping  of  maxillary  teeth  •  Tx:  expansion  lingual  arches  (slow  expansion)  for  primary  and  early  mixed  

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W-­‐arch  

•  36  mil  (.036”)  SS  •  Age  8  to  11,  midpalatal  suture  open  

•  2mm/month  (1mm  per  side)  

•  Suture  opening  

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Quad  Helix  

•  38  mil  (0.038”)  SS  •  4  helices—befer  range  of  ac(on  

•  2-­‐3  months  of  tx  •  3  months  of  reten(on  

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Cross-­‐Elas(cs  

•  For  unilateral  or  individual  teeth  

•  Mandibular  lingual  arch  to  stabilize  lowers  

•  Extrusion  (bad  for  open  bite)  •  150-­‐170g  

B  L  

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Posterior  Skeletal  Crossbite  

•  Narrow  palatal  vault  •  Tx:  – expansion  lingual  arch  (slow)  for  primary  and  early  mixed  

– palatal  expansion  (rapid  or  slow)  for  late  mixed  

•  Needs  to  be  completed  prior  to  end  of  growth  spurt  

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Palatal  Expander  •  Turn  jackscrew    •  Rapid  

–  0.5mm  ac(va(on  and  expansion/day  

–  10-­‐20lb  pressure  –  Microfractures  in  interdigitated  bone  spicules  

•  Slow  –  1mm/week  –  2lb  pressure  –  Suture  intact,  same  long-­‐term  results  with  less  trauma  

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Palatal  Expansion  

•  Preadolescents  à  quad  helix  or  W  arch  •  Adolescents  à  rapid  or  slow  palatal  expander  •  Tends  to  extrude  posterior  teeth  and  cause  anterior  open  bite  

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Excess  Overjet  

•  Class  II  Elas(cs  •  Tip  back  maxillary  incisors  with  removable  

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Anterior  Open  Bite  

•  Simple=  dental  •  Complex=  skeletal  

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Simple  Anterior  Open  Bite  

•  Prolonged  thumbsucking  habit  – Flaring  maxillary  incisors,  lingual  (pping  mandibular  incisors  (overjet)  

– Maxillary  constric(on  (posterior  crossbite)  – Overerup(on  of  posterior  teeth  – Open  bite  

•  Tx:  – Primary  à  no  treatment  – Mixed  à  thumbsucking  therapy  

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Anterior  Crib  

•  “Helping  hand”  •  Age  6  or  7,  most  changes  will  resolve  spontaneously  

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Complex  Anterior  Open  Bite  •  Long  face  •  Ver(cal  discrepancy  in  adolescents  and  adults  

•  Features:  –  Posterior  maxilla  (ps  down  –  Downward  and  backward  rota(on  of  mandible  

–  Steep  MPA  –  Excessive  erup(on  of  posterior  teeth  

•  Tx:  growth  modifica(on,  jaw  surgery  

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High  Pull  Headgear  •  Maintain  ver(cal  posi(on  of  maxilla  •  Intrude  upper  molars  and  close  bite  •  Force  vector  through  trifurca(on  •  Afached  to  maxillary  splint  for  all  maxillary  teeth  

TOUGH  TO  TREAT  

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Bite  Blocks  •  Blocks  erup(on  of  posterior  teeth  •  Allows  erup(on  of  anterior  teeth  •  Usually  combined  with  func(onal  appliance  

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Deep  Bite  

•  Dental  •  Skeletal  

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Dental  Deep  Bite  

•  Overerup(on  of  mandibular  incisors  •  Class  II  malocclusion  •  Tx:  intrude  anteriors,  allow  erup(on  of  posteriors  

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Skeletal  Deep  Bite  

•  Short  face  •  Features:  

–  Long  mandibular  ramus  –  Upward  and  forward  rota(on  of  mandible  

–  Low  MPA  –  Class  II  Division  2  –  Decreased  erup(on  of  posterior  teeth  

•  Tx:  growth  modifica(on  

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Cervical/Low  Pull  Headgear  

•  Extrude  upper  molars  and  open  bite  

REASONABLE  TO  TREAT  

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Deep  Bite  Func(onal  Appliance  

•  Only  allows  mandibular  posterior  teeth  to  erupt  •  Levels  an  excessive  Curve  of  Spee