Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled...

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Review of Concepts Origins of Civilization

Transcript of Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled...

Page 1: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Review of ConceptsOrigins of Civilization

Page 2: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to

settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals

Development of civilizations in different parts of the world◦ Earliest cities:

Catalhuyuk—Modern-day Turkey ca. 7,000 BCE Jericho—Middle East ca. 10,000-9,000 BCE

Neolithic Revolution

Page 3: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.
Page 4: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Organized Governments Complex Religions—Polytheism Job Specialization (Artisans) Social Classes Arts and Architecture Development Public Works Writing

Civilization—Defining Features

Page 5: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Review of ConceptsLegacy Iraq

Page 6: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Land Between the Rivers◦ Civilization develops between the Tigris &

Euphrates Rivers Many early cities in Sumer—region where the rivers

meet Ur Uruk

Mesopotamia

Page 7: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Writing:◦ Cuneiform—early form of writing◦ Epic of Gilgamesh

Heroic story of King of Uruk

Feature of Civilization

Page 8: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Major city of Mesopotamia◦ Rises under several kings

Hammurabi Hammurabi code—first set of laws to be codified

Civil Laws—private rights and matters (business, property, taxes, marriage, divorce)

Criminal Laws—offenses against others Nebuchadnezzar

◦ Great architecture—Hanging Gardens

Babylon

Page 9: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Empire under Cyrus the Great around 539 BCE Truly united under Darius (522-486 BCE)

◦ Well organized Divided the empire into provinces (satrapy) Unified laws Built Roads Visible Ruler

Zoroaster: Religious thinker◦ Monotheism—taught that a single wise god, Ahura

Mazda ruled the world Constant battle against Ahriman, prince of evil

◦ Taught that good would triumph over evil Legacy in Christianity and Islam?

Persia

Page 10: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.
Page 11: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Legacy India

Page 12: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Civilization begins in India in the Indus Valley region on the Indian Subcontinent around 2600 BCE◦ Flourished for about 700 years, but we don’t know

much about the civilization Well planned cities—evident from organized

layout◦ Mohenjo-Dara one of two possible capitals

Abandoned around 1900 BCE—Why? We don’t completely know—language not deciphered

Roots of Civilization

Page 13: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

During the Vedic Age (1500-500 BCE ), Aryans invade the Indus Valley◦ Nomads from across Europe and Asia◦ Eventually settle in Ganges Basin

Aryans

Page 14: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Language:◦ Sandskrit—Oldest living language, developed ca.

2000 BC Religion:

◦ Rig Veda—Oldest Religious scripture (ca. 2000 BC)◦ Indus River—sacred, source of life

Civilization in Indus Valley

Page 15: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Hinduism—grew out of the common culture of India◦ Diverse, but a few common beliefs

Karma—all the actions of a person’s life that affect his or her fate in the next life

Dharma—the religious and moral duties of an individual. Very important, but vary depending on social factors

Ahimsa—important principal of non-violence◦ Goal of achieving moksha: to be close to brahman

—a single spiritual power that existed beyond the many gods & resided in all things

Hinduism

Page 16: Origins of Civilization. Period from 10,000 BCE Dramatic change from nomadic life to settled farming ◦ Domestication of plants and animals Development.

Caste System—System of social groups people are born into, rarely changes◦ Legacy of Aryans who had very strict social

structure

Indus Valley Civilization (cont)


Chapter 3 · 2018-08-28 · Sahara region used to be grassy steppe lands with water (10,000 BCE) Abundant hunting, fishing, wild grains Domestication of cattle ca. 7500 B.C.E. Later,

Chapter 3 · 2018-08-28 · Sahara region used to be grassy steppe lands with water (10,000 BCE) Abundant hunting, fishing, wild grains Domestication of cattle ca. 7500 B.C.E. Later,

Nomadic Furniture

Nomadic Furniture

Nomadic Communities

Nomadic Communities

Ancestry and demography and descendants of Iron Age ......Vyacheslav I. Molodin5,6 & Joachim Burger1 During the 1st millennium before the Common Era (BCE), nomadic tribes associated

Ancestry and demography and descendants of Iron Age ......Vyacheslav I. Molodin5,6 & Joachim Burger1 During the 1st millennium before the Common Era (BCE), nomadic tribes associated

Einleitung nomadic device proactivity Methoden Wahrnehmung Fazit Proactivity for nomadic devices – when and how to interrupt the user Proactivity for nomadic.

Einleitung nomadic device proactivity Methoden Wahrnehmung Fazit Proactivity for nomadic devices – when and how to interrupt the user Proactivity for nomadic.

Foundations 600 BCE D.A.R.T.H. · Foundations – 600 BCE D.A.R.T.H. Domestication, Agriculture, River Valleys, Trans-regional trade and technology, Hittites and Iran 600 BCE –

Foundations 600 BCE D.A.R.T.H. · Foundations – 600 BCE D.A.R.T.H. Domestication, Agriculture, River Valleys, Trans-regional trade and technology, Hittites and Iran 600 BCE –

Prehistoric Art - mrsbott.com Art.pdfPrehistoric Art Paleolithic 32,000 Mesolithic 10,000 Neolithic 7,000 . When? 32,000 BCE BC Before Christ BCE Before Christian era . Who? Nomadic

Prehistoric Art - mrsbott.com Art.pdfPrehistoric Art Paleolithic 32,000 Mesolithic 10,000 Neolithic 7,000 . When? 32,000 BCE BC Before Christ BCE Before Christian era . Who? Nomadic

Part I - Tredyffrin/Easttown School District / · Web view8000 BCE Climate change ( domestication of plants / animals in some places. More people moved from hunting / gathering to

Part I - Tredyffrin/Easttown School District / · Web view8000 BCE Climate change ( domestication of plants / animals in some places. More people moved from hunting / gathering to

1. 4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE 2. 1,500,000 BCE -- 250,000 BCE 3. 250,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE 4. 30,000 BCE -- 10,000 BCE Paleolithic Age: ( Old Stone.

1. 4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE 2. 1,500,000 BCE -- 250,000 BCE 3. 250,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE 4. 30,000 BCE -- 10,000 BCE Paleolithic Age: ( Old Stone.

Theories on prehistory and early · “Neolithic” “New Stone” Age 10,000 BCE –4,000 BCE Gradual shift from: Nomadic lifestyle settled, stationery lifestyle. Hunting/Gathering

Theories on prehistory and early · “Neolithic” “New Stone” Age 10,000 BCE –4,000 BCE Gradual shift from: Nomadic lifestyle settled, stationery lifestyle. Hunting/Gathering

Religion and the Nomadic Lifestyle: The Nabateans 2011 Religion and the Nomadic...Religion and the Nomadic Lifestyle: The Nabateans ... RELIGION AND THE NOMADIC LIFESTYLE / MURRAY

Religion and the Nomadic Lifestyle: The Nabateans 2011 Religion and the Nomadic...Religion and the Nomadic Lifestyle: The Nabateans ... RELIGION AND THE NOMADIC LIFESTYLE / MURRAY

Nomadic Design

Nomadic Design

The Middle Bronze Age Instructor Pacas. Mesopotamia- Babylonian Civilization 2000 – 1600 BCE Around 2000 BCE a group of Semitic semi nomadic tribes.

The Middle Bronze Age Instructor Pacas. Mesopotamia- Babylonian Civilization 2000 – 1600 BCE Around 2000 BCE a group of Semitic semi nomadic tribes.

Upper Paleolithic Mal They form part of a previously ... · domestication of the horse at the transition from the Copper Age to the Bronze Age, ~3000 BCE, enhanced human mobility

Upper Paleolithic Mal They form part of a previously ... · domestication of the horse at the transition from the Copper Age to the Bronze Age, ~3000 BCE, enhanced human mobility

Egypt Predynastic Period 3100BCE – 2650 BCE Old Kingdom 2650 BCE – 2134 BCE.

Egypt Predynastic Period 3100BCE – 2650 BCE Old Kingdom 2650 BCE – 2134 BCE.

Ancient Africa. The Neolithic Revolution The gradual shift homo sapiens made from nomadic hunter-gatherers to settled peoples who farmed Domestication.

Ancient Africa. The Neolithic Revolution The gradual shift homo sapiens made from nomadic hunter-gatherers to settled peoples who farmed Domestication.

Nomadic Herding A declining lifestyle – many have become semi-nomadic.

Nomadic Herding A declining lifestyle – many have become semi-nomadic.

1 Roman (800 BCE Etruscan – 508 BCE) 509 BCE– 476 AD.

1 Roman (800 BCE Etruscan – 508 BCE) 509 BCE– 476 AD.

Nomadic Frontiers

Nomadic Frontiers

Paleolithic Age Paleolithic Era – Old Stone Age (~2.6 million years ago – ~10,000 BCE) – Hunter/Gatherer societies Nomadic – Moved from place to place.

Paleolithic Age Paleolithic Era – Old Stone Age (~2.6 million years ago – ~10,000 BCE) – Hunter/Gatherer societies Nomadic – Moved from place to place.