Organized by - ICSD · SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Prof. Dr. Abdülhamit Şubaşı. International Burch...

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ISBN: 978-605-66262-1-0

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SCIENTIFICCOMMITTEE

Prof.Dr.AbdülhamitŞubaşıInternationalBurchUniversityProf.Dr.AbdulrezzakMemonInternationalUniversityofSarajevoProf.Dr.AdisaParićUniversityofSarajevoProf.Dr.AdnanÇelikSelçukUniversityProf.Dr.AnaVovk-KoržeUniversityofMariborProf.Dr.ArchieCarollUniversityofGeorgiaProf.Dr.AslıYÜKSELMERMODMarmaraUniversityProf.Dr.CumaliKınacıİstanbulTechnicalUniversityProf.Dr.DraganVinterhalterUniversityofBelgradeProf.Dr.DragutinT.MihailovićUniversityofNoviSadProf.Dr.EbruÇAĞLAYANAKAYMarmaraUniversityProf.Dr.EdinaMuratovićUniversityofSarajevoProf.Dr.EmineÇOBANOĞLUMarmaraUniversityProf.Dr.EsadProhicUniversityofZagreb,CroatiaProf.Dr.HalilHasarFıratUniversityProf.Dr.IsmailBakanKahramanmarasSutcuImamUniversityProf.Dr.JasnaHuremovićUniversityofSarajevoProf.Dr.LadaLukićBilelaUniversityofSarajevoProf.Dr.LukmanThalibKuwaitUniversityProf.Dr.M.AsgharFazelUniversityofEnvironmentProf.Dr.MehmetKarataşKaramanoğluMehmetBeyUniversity

Prof.Dr.MustafaERDOĞDUMarmaraUniversityProf.Dr.MustafaÖZBİLGİNBrunelUniversityProf.Dr.ÖzerÇınarYıldızTechnicalUniversityProf.Dr.PhoebeKoundouriAthensUniversityofEconomicsandBusinessProf.Dr.RefikaBakoğluMarmaraUniversityProf.Dr.RifatSkrijeljUniversityofSarajevoProf.Dr.SamirĐugUniversityofSarajevoProf.Dr.SeniyeUmitFIRATMarmaraUniversityProf.Dr.SuadBećirovićInternationalUniversityofNoviPazarProf.Dr.ŠemsudinPlojovićInternationalUniversityofNoviPazarProf.Dr.TanaySıtkıUYARMarmaraUniversityProf.Dr.TanjuKaranfilClemsonUniversityProf.Dr.ThankomArunLancashireBusinessSchoolProf.Dr.WiboonKittilaksanawongSaitamaUniversity,JAPANProf.Dr.YahiaZoubirKEDGEBusinessSchoolProf.Dr.ZehraSemraCANMarmaraUniversityAssoc.Prof.Dr.AgimMamutiUniversityofNewYorkinTirana(UNYT)Assoc.Prof.Dr.AltunayPerendeciAkdenizUniversityAssoc.Prof.Dr.AylaÖncerMarmaraUniversityAssoc.Prof.Dr.CevatYamanGebzeTechnicalUniversityAssoc.Prof.Dr.ChristinaAnneStringerTheUniversityofAuckland,NewZealand

Assoc.Prof.Dr.ElmaElfić-ZukorlićInternationalUniversityofNoviPazarAssoc.Prof.Dr.ErkanŞahinkayaİstanbulMedeniyetUniversityAssoc.Prof.Dr.MehmedMetaInternationalUniversityofNoviPazarAssoc.Prof.Dr.MostafaJafariResearchInstituteofForestsandRangelandsAssoc.Prof.Dr.NusretDreškovićUniversityofSarajevoAssoc.Prof.Dr.OlcayBigeYILDIRIMMarmaraUniversityAssoc.Prof.Dr.SamiGörenUmmAl-QuraUniversityAssoc.Prof.Dr.SenijaTahirovićInternationalUniversityofSarajevoAssist.Prof.Dr.AhmadTalebiUniversityofEnvironmentAssist.Prof.Dr.BarışYILMAZMarmaraUniversity

Assist.Prof.Dr.IngFouziTABETGermanBiomassResearchCenterAssist.Prof.Dr.KonstantinosChalvatzisKonstantinosChalvatzisAssist.Prof.Dr.LeszekCICHOBLAZINSKICzestochowaUniversityofTechnologyAssist.Prof.Dr.MarkR.MurphyTheUniversityofScrantonAssist.Prof.Dr.MehmetGanićInternationalUniversityofSarajevoAssist.Prof.Dr.MostafaPanahiIslamicAzadUniversityAssist.Prof.Dr.SasanRabiehShahidBeheshtiUniversityAssist.Prof.Dr.SenadBusatlicInternationalUniversityofSarajevoAssist.Prof.Dr.ŠevkijaOkerićUniversityofSarajevoAssist.Prof.Dr.TubaBozInternationalUniversityofSarajevo

ORGANIZATIONCOMMITTEE

Prof.Dr.ÖzerÇınar(ConferenceChairman)YıldızTechnicalUniversityProf.Dr.RefikaBakoğluMarmaraUniversityProf.Dr.M.AsgharFazelUniversityofEnvironmentProf.Dr.LukmanThalibKuwaitUniversityProf.Dr.SamirĐugUniversityofSarajevo

Assoc.Prof.Dr.NusretDreškovićUniversityofSarajevoHanaSarkinovicZenithGroupSarajevoMusaKoseZenithGroupSarajevoIsmetUzunZenithGroupSarajevoAlmaLigataZenithGroupSarajevoAjdinPercoFaktor.ba

TableofContentsHIGHNITRITECONCENTRATIONINHIBITSNITRITE-ADAPTEDGRANULARANAMMOXBIOMASSLESSCOMPAREDTOBIOFILM................................................................................................................................1

RENEWABLEENERGYRESOURCESDEVELOPMENTINHEALTHCAREFACILITIES(HOSPITALS)..........................2

THEEXAMINATIONOFKONYA’STRADITIONALMANCURLINGSHIRTSINTURKISHCULTURE.........................3

TRADITIONALWOMENSCARVESWORNINKONYAREGION...........................................................................4

FUNCTIONALDIMENSIONOFREUSE:USEOFANTALYAKALEIÇITRADITIONALDWELLINGSASHOTEL............5

ANARCHITECTURALIDENTITYREADINGINCITYCENTER:KONYACITYPUBLICLIBRARY.................................6

TOWARDSABETTERDEMANDFORECASTFORSUSTAINABLEMANAGEMENTOFRENEWABLENATURALRESOURCES:ADERIVEDDEMANDAPPROACHTOMODELINGDEMANDFORTIMBERINTURKEY...................7

ANINTEGRATEDAPPROACHFORSUSTAINABLESUPPLIERSELECTIONANDORDERALLOCATION...................8

EVALUATIONOFIZMIRCLOCKTOWER&KONAKSQUAREANDTHEIRENVIRONSWITHREGARDTOUSER–SPACEINTERACTION...................................................................................................................................9

FLUXLOSSANDMECHANISMSINULTRAFILTRATIONMEMBRANETREATMENTOFBILGEWATER................10

THEANALYSISOFBASICCONCEPTSRELATEDTOCORPORATESUSTAINABILITYAPPROACHBYUSINGN-GRAMANALYSISTECHNIQUE..........................................................................Error!Bookmarknotdefined.11

ARESEARCHONQFD–“HOUSEOFBRAND”INFASHIONINDUSTRY............................................................12

DEPARTURESFROMANATOLIANSELJUKBUILDINGCOMPLEXWITHIWAN/EYVAN:THETRADITIONOFIWANTOMBS...............................................................................................................................................13

MORPHOLOGICALTRANSFORMATIONSANDVARIATIONSINARCHITECTURALLANGUAGEFROMTOMBSTOMAUSOLEUMS:FROMOTTOMANEMPIRETOTHETURKISHREPUBLIC...................................................14

ATOMBSTRUCTUREINPURSUITOFTRADITIONIN2OTHCENTURYTURKEYANDITSSTORY;THETOMBOFHACIHÂKIMKEMALONSUNANDHISWIFE............................................................................................15

WRITINGEDUCATIONBASEDONMUNISKHAREZMI’SSAVAD-ITALIM........................................................16

VARIABLECOMPRESSIONRATIOEFFECTONNOISEANDVIBRATIONCHARACTERISTICSOFADIESELENGINEFUELLEDWITHCASTOROILBIODIESEL............................................................................................17

BANKCREDITAPPLICATIONSANDADVANCEMENTRECOMMENDATIONSASREGARDSSUSTAINABLEBUILDINGSINTURKEY..................................................................................................................................18

PERFORMANCEANDEMISSIONCHARACTERISTICSOFADIESELENGINEFUELLEDWITHTEASEEDOILBIODIESELWITHVARIABLECOMPRESSIONRATIO........................................................................................19

PERFORMANCEANDEMISSIONCHARACTERISTICSOFVARIABLECOMPRESSIONRATIOENGINEFUELLEDWITHDIESEL-BUTANOLANDCORNBIODIESEL-BUTANOLBLENDS................................................................20

ANINFORMATIONSYSTEMDEVELOPMENTINANAUTOMOBILESUBINDUSTRYESTABLISHMENT:ACONTRIBUTIONTOECONOMICSUSTAINABILITY..........................................................................................21

ECONOMICPOTENTIALOFENERGY-EFFICIENTRETROFITTINGINTHERESIDENTIALBUILDINGS:THECASEOFISTANBUL...............................................................................................................................................22

TECHNOLOGICALPROPERTIESOFOBLACHINSKA,CIGANCHICAANDMARELASOURCHERRYVARIETIES......23

ANTIMICROBIALANDANTIOXIDATIVEACTIVITYOFCOMMERCIALVERSUSTRADITIONALAPPLEVINEGAR......................................................................................................................................................24

ASURROGATEMODELFORTHEOPERATIONECONOMICSANDFEASIBILITYANALYSISOFCITYTOCITYCOMMUTERAIRLINESERVICENETWORKSFORSUSTAINABLEREGIONALAVIATION....................................25

RENEWABLEENERGYSYSTEMSOFHOSPITALS.............................................................................................26

AWINDPOWERPLANTFEASIBILITYSTUDYFORBURSA,GEMLIKREGION,TURKEY......................................27

DETERMINATIONOFTHEGLYCEMICINDEXOFGILABURU(VIBURNUMOPULUS)JUICE...............................28

PSYCHOLOGICALEFFECTSOFTHEWATERANDWATERSTRUCTURESONURBANANDURBANITES..............29

LITERATUREREVIEWOFLIFECYLETIMEOFPRODUCTSANDSERVICES:ACASESTUDYINTEXTILESECTOR...30

SUSTAINABILITYOFJOINTPROJECTSBETWEENUNIVERSITYANDINDUSTRYINTURKEY..............................31

EFFECTSONGLOBALWARMINGOFINSULATIONINPIPEACCORDINGTOLIFECYCLEASSESSMENT.............32

TREATMENTOFTEXTILEWASTEWATERWITHPIDTEMPERATURECONTROLUSINGMATLAB/SIMULINKPROGRAMME..............................................................................................................................................33

EDUCATIONOFLOCALGOVERNMENTSASAWAYTOWARDSSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTOFTHECOUNTRIESOFTHEWESTERNBALKANS-CASESTUDYOFMONTENEGRO...................................................34

TRENDSINSUSTAINABILITYREPORTINGBETWEEN2004-2014BYTHEFORTUNE250:TURKEYCASE.............35

NON-ISOTHERMALMODEL-FREEDIFFERENTIALKINETICSTUDYOFPYROLYSISOFWASTEPOLYOLEFINEMIXTURE.....................................................................................................................................................36

KINETICSTUDYOFPYROLYSISOFWASTEPOLYOLEFINEMIXTUREUSINGINTEGRALFITTINGKINETICMODEL........................................................................................................................................................37

ACADEMICCLIMATEANDLECTURERS’PROFESSIONALDEVELOPMENT........................................................38

DIFFERENTASPECTSOFENTREPRENEURSHIPCULTURE,CHALLENGINGATTITUDES,ANDTHEREPUTATIONOFOWNINGABUSINESSDEPENDINGONTHEREASONSOFINVOLVINGINTOABUSINESS.....39

INVESTIGATIONOFTHECURTAINWALLANGLEANDTHERMALPERFORMANCERELATION..........................40

MANAGEMENTSTATUS:WATERQUALITYANDECOLOGICALDYNAMICSOFADAMLAKE............................41

SUSTAINABILITYAWARENESSONCAMPUS:THECASEOFMARMARAUNIVERSITY......................................42

MPOWERR(Raisa)MEASUREMENTOFTHEEFFECTSOFPOLICYSHIFTSONTOBACCOUSEOFTHESMOKER......................................................................................................................................................43

SYNTHETICCANNABINOIDS.........................................................................................................................44

ANARTIFICIALNEURALNETWORKAPPROACHTOPREDICTHIGHERHEATINGVALUEOFWASTEFRYINGOILS.............................................................................................................................................................45

ESTIMATIONOFGROSSCALORIFICVALUEOFCOALFROMITSPROXIMATEANALYSISUSINGNON-LINEARREGRESSIONANALYSIS....................................................................................................................46

RECOGNITIONTHESPEAKERIDENTITYBYMEANSOFARTIFICIALNEURALNETWORK..................................47

EMBEDDEDNESSOFSUSTAINABILITYINSUSTAINABLILITYFOCUSEDBRITISHUNIVERSITIES........................48

SIMULATIONOFBIOGASCOUNTERFLOWDIFFUSIONFLAMEUNDERSEVERALOPERATIONCONDITIONS....49

SOCIALDIMENSIONOFREVITALIZATIONANDITSROLEINTHELOCALSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT:CASEOFPOLAND.........................................................................................................................................50

InternationalConferenceonSustainableDevelopment ICSD2015BELGRADE

1

HIGHNITRITECONCENTRATIONINHIBITSNITRITE-ADAPTEDGRANULAR

ANAMMOXBIOMASSLESSCOMPAREDTOBIOFILM

IVARZEKKER

UNITARTU

[email protected]

Abstract:

In development of efficient anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process for N-richwastewater treatment, anammox process nitrite inhibition was studied. Balancing betweenoptimal substrate concentrations and nitrite toxicity range is a challenge for anammoxtechnology.Anaerobicammoniumoxidationisanautotrophicbiologicalwastewatertreatmentprocess where dissolved NH4+ is oxidized into dinitrogen gas in anoxic conditions by usingNO2- as an electron acceptor. It is a cost-effective method that serves as an alternative totraditionalnitrification-denitrificationprocessduetosignificantsavingonaerationenergy,noneedfororganiccarbonandlowerbiomassgeneration(Lottietal.2012).Theanammoxprocessis carried out by chemoautotrophic bacteria from the phylum Planctomycetales (Lotti et al.2012).

The most critical point for sustaining a stable anammox process with a high total nitrogenremoval rate (TNRR) is maintaining the proper concentration of NO2-. Nitrite is used as asubstrateintheanammoxprocesswhileithasalsobeenrecognizedasainhibitingcompound(Lottietal.2012).Nitriteinhibitiononanammoxbacteriahasbeenstudiedextensivelyandtheresultsvaryconsiderably.

Firstly, moving bed biofilm reactor, sequencing batch reactor and upflow anaerobic sludgeblanketwereoperated

achievinghightotalnitrogenremovalrates(TNRRs)of1000gNm-3d-1,100gNm-3d-1and800gNm-3d-1, respectively.Then, inhibitingnitriteconcentrationscausing50%ofbiomassactivity decrease were determined at >80, >100 and >225 mg NO2--N L-1 in batch testsperformedwithrespectivereactorsbiomass.

In terms of nitrogen converting organisms composition, Planctomycetales clone P4 strains,whichweretheclosest(98and99%similarity,respectively)relativetoaCandidatusBrocadiafulgidasequencesquantitiesupto2.5×105anammoxgenecopiesg-1TSSweredeterminedbyqPCR.

Keywords:Anammox,AutotrophicNitrogenRemoval,NitriteInhibition,SuspendedSludge


2

RENEWABLEENERGYRESOURCESDEVELOPMENTINHEALTHCAREFACILITIES

(HOSPITALS)

MUSTAFAYERLIKAYA1,EYUPAL2

1AKSARAYUNIVERSITY2KONYANUMUNEHOSPITAL

[email protected]

Abstract:

FirstandSecondWorldWars,what is thecosttothemarketsgunbattleshowedthewholeworld.Thesupplyofpost-warlaborwasfacedwithmajorproblems.People'spurchasingpowerhasfallen.theyear1950-1980wasslightlydifferenttothepastyears.Thefirstworldpeacewerebeinglargelysecure.Thelatter,hasworldbecomethebipolar.Inthiscasethepowerofthecountries,thearmedforces and the kinds of goods they producemarkets it has becomewithmeasured. Technologicalstrength,economicstrength,technologicalstrengthwasalsofeedingthepowerofthearmedforces.Today,ourworldhastherelativelyricherallowstheold.Fartoogreatly fromthecoldwarthreat.Geneticadvancesinfoodtechnology,beforethemedicaldiscoveriesofepidemics,developmentsincommunicationstechnology,Theadventofhumanity'shungerandbecomessusceptibletopoverty,Many reasons as to expand the limits of democracy, It has a positive effect on the happiness ofmankind.However,weareworkingonissue,despitethesepositivedevelopmentsthattheproblemsthreateningthehappinessofmanisstill thereitexpectsthemtoberesolved.becauseitshouldbecoveredbythenewenergysupply-demandbalanceinourchangingworld.

Demandingofenergythatisoneoftheourworldsmostimportantproblemnowadaysderivesfromthe risig demands. Offer-demand balance is getting destroy and as a natural consequence of this,energy sources cause a rising at the cost of the production and property of both the private andcorporate sector by increasing the national and international service substantially. Especially theenergy need of developed and developing countries management has increased more and morebecause of theirworking on technology inyensively. Reducing of energy resourceswith all theseneeds,theincreasingofprotectioncostsofafterusingsourceswhichisharmtoenvironmentbringssome risks and extra costs. Therefore, in our developing and globalizedworld, renewable energyfactorshowsupasoneofthemostimportantelementofsustainabledevelopment.

In our this work we aim to research of applying renewable energy in our country’s publiccorporationswhereserviceandenergyneedismaintainuninterruptible.InKonyaNumuneHospitalYazır premises is searched of some factors like applying renewable energy and its costs andinvestment’sreturnandthecontributionofhospital’stotalenergyneed.

Keywords:RenewableEnergy,EnergyNeeds,SolarEnergy,HospitalCost,SustainableDevelopment


3

THEEXAMINATIONOFKONYA’STRADITIONALMANCURLINGSHIRTSIN

TURKISHCULTURE

TURKANKAYSER,MIYASECAGDAS

SELCUKUNIVERSITESI

[email protected]

Abstract:

Clothingisapartofsociallifeandamaintoolexpressingidentityinpublicsphere.

ThewovenfabricsandtheclothesmadebythefabricsintheAnatolianlands,whichserveasacradle for civilizations throughout history, have an important place in Turkish culture. Localgarmentsproducedwithwovenfabricsareusedintheupperclothingsometimesandtheunderclothingsometimes.

In addition, they are useful, flexible, and ergonomic clothes in terms of its feature absorbingsweat.

Thetraditionalfabricswovenfromyarnsmixofcotton,silk,andcotton-silkbythehandloomsinthepastcannotbeproducedtoday.Theclosureof loomswiththeeffectof industrializationandthedecreasingofnumberofartisansandcraftsmenproducingconstitutetherootcausesofextinction.Today,shirtscraftedfromtraditionalfabricscanbeseenonlyinmuseums,antiquechestsfoundinhouses,andantiquestores.

In the study, “Man’sCurlingShirts” areexaminedbymonitoring sheets generated, and itwasincludeddetailedphotos taken fromdifferentangleswith its frontandbackviews.Under thescopeofresearch,theblockspreparedwithdimensionsthatareexactlytakenoutofgarmentsareinvolvedinthesectionoffindingsoftheresearch,scalingdown.

Inthelightofthefindingsobtained,itistriedtoreachaconclusionandmadesomesuggestionson behalf of bringing and maintaining the traditional man’s curling shirts in today that arerecordedbymonitoringsheets.

Keywords:Man’SCurlingShirts,WovenFabrics,Garments,MonitoringSheets


4

TRADITIONALWOMENSCARVESWORNINKONYAREGION

MIYASECAGDAS,TURKANKAYSER

SELCUKUNIVERSITESI

[email protected]

Abstract:

ScarvesaretheclothaccessoriescomplementingthetraditionalTurkishclothing.Thesidesofthese clothing elements, which are prepared with madders, different motives and variety ofprintingtechniquesonthecottonfabric,aredecoratedwithpointlaceandtatting.

Such traditional clothing accessorieswhich have to be included in the dowries of the girls atmarriageable age are named as “çember” [scarf] in the region while it is called as “yazma”[scarf]inTurkeygenerally.

Silk yarn is used in the laces of the scarves the sides ofwhich are decoratedwithpoint lace.Laces are namedwith their local names as “filize”, zillimaşa, kıllı kurt etc.” according to thecharacteristicofthemotive.

Thepurposeoftheresearchistodetermineanddocumentthecharacteristicsofthepointlacedscarves(yazma)whichcomplementtheclothingofthetraditionalKonyawomen.

Population of research consists of the point laced scarves in Konya center, and the researchsampleconsistsof5scarvescollectedfromthehousesinthecenterofKonya.

Keywords:Culture,TraditionalTurkıshClothing,Scarf,Motives,Sustainable


5

FUNCTIONALDIMENSIONOFREUSE:USEOFANTALYAKALEIÇITRADITIONAL

DWELLINGSASHOTEL

PROF.DR.DICLEAYDIN1,SUHEYLABUYUKSAHINSIRAMKAYA2

1NECMETTINERBAKANUNIVERSITY,DEPARTMENTOFARCHITECTURE2SELCUKUNIVERSITY,FACULTYOFARCHITECTURE,DEPARTMENTOF

ARCHITECTURE

[email protected]

Abstract:

Conservation concept gained importance especially in 19th century, it found value with thechange and developments lived globally. Basic values in the essence of the concept areimportant in the continuity of historical and cultural fabrics which have character special tothem. Reuseof settlementsandspacescarryinghistoricalandculturalvalues in the frameofsocio-cultural and socio-economic al conditions is related with functional value. Functionaldimensionofreusesignifiesinterrogationoftheusagepotentialofthebuildingwithadifferentaimotherthanitsdeterminedaim.Bygivinganewfunctionbotharequirementofthesocietyisfulfilledandacultureentityisconservedbecauseofitsfunctionalvalue.Inthisstudyfunctionaldimension of reuse is exemplified in Antalya Kaleiçi where has a special location andimportance with its natural, cultural and historical heritage characteristics. Antayla Kaleiçisettlementpreservesitslivelinessasatouristicurbanfabricwithitsalmostfiftythousandyearsofpast,traditionalurbanform,civilarchitecturalexamplesof18th–19thcenturyreflectingthelifestyleoftheregionandmonumentalbuildings.ThecivilarchitecturalexamplesinthefabrichaveaspecialcharacterformedaccordingtoMediterraneanclimatewiththeiroutersofa(openor closed), one, two or three storey, courtyards and oriels. In the study reuse of five civilarchitectural examples as boutique hotel by forming a whole with their environmentalarrangementsisinvestigated,itisanalyzedhowthespatialrequirementsofaboutiquehotelarefulfilledintraditionaldwellings.Usageofaculturalentityasaboutiquehotelisevaluatedunderthe headlines of i.functional requirement, ii. satisfactoriness of spatial dimensions, and iii.functionalorganization.

Keywords:Reuse,AdaptiveReuse,FunctionalDimensionOfReuse,TraditionalDwellings


6

ANARCHITECTURALIDENTITYREADINGINCITYCENTER:KONYACITYPUBLIC

LIBRARY

DR.SUHEYLAB.SIRAMKAYA1,DICLEAYDIN2

1SELCUKUNIVERSITY,FACULTYOFARCHITECTURE,DEPT.OFARCHITECTURE2NECMETTINERBAKANUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENTOFARCHITECTURE

[email protected]

Abstract:

Urban identity is the socio-cultural elements and architectural components making the citydifferentfromtheothersandintegratingmeaningandvaluetothecity,itisthemeaningofthecity. For this reason the identity of a city is formed by geographical content, cultural level,architecturalworks,traditionandlifestylesdependingontime.Architecturalworksinhuman-madeenvironmentareoneoftheelements,spacesandspatialelementshavingthepotentialtoform identity and they are qualified as identity builder elements in the development of localidentity.Architecturalidentity–asasub-expansionofculturalandurbanidentitysystems-canbe seen as a concept related with development and conservation plans, architectural styles,formingbuildingandpolitics,behaviorsagainsttheenvironmentandattitudes.

Anarchitecturalphysicalcharacteristiccanformanidentity,ifitisremarkable,inharmonywithitssurroundingandacceptedbythesociety,leavesmassiveimpact,carriesafocalpointqualityand leaves traces for citizens who experience it. In this meaning Konya City Public Library,whichishandledinthescopeofthisstudyanddestroyedasaresultofthelocalgovernments’planning decisions, is a public building reflecting the characteristics of its period with itsarchitectural identity.The functionofbeingpublicshowsthesociety-building interaction, thisinteractionwhichaffects the formationof identity turns intoasubjectwhich leaves traceandtakesplaceinthememoryofcitizens.Thechange,renovationandtransformationofcitiesaresurelyinevitable.Howeverhereit isaimedtocontributetoarchitecturalmemorybyexposingthearchitectural identityofKonyaCityPublicLibrary,whichdoesnotexistnow,andtoshowthattheplanningdecisionscanharmthecitymemoryandthedeterminantsofthecityidentityiftheycausetheeliminationofthebuildingsleavetraces.

Keywords:ArchitecturalIdentity,CultureBuilding,Libraries,ModernArchitecture


7

TOWARDSABETTERDEMANDFORECASTFORSUSTAINABLEMANAGEMENT

OFRENEWABLENATURALRESOURCES:ADERIVEDDEMANDAPPROACHTO

MODELINGDEMANDFORTIMBERINTURKEY

BEKIRKAYACAN1,MELTEMSENGUNUCAL2

1DEPARTMENTOFECONOMICS,FACULTYOFECONOMICS,ISTANBULUNIVERSITY,TURKEY

2DEPARTMENTOFECONOMICS,FACULTYOFECONOMICANDADMINISTRATIVESCIENCES,KADIRHASUNIVERSITY,TURKEY

[email protected]

Abstract:

While the researches on timber markets have been steadily increasing in number andeconometriccomplexityintherestoftheworld,relevantworksatcountrylevelinTurkeyhavebeenessentiallylimitedtotrendobservationsandspeculationswithanexceptionofaveryfewworks.InsomestudiesonTurkishtimbermarkets,directnationaldemandfortimber,ormoretechnicallyroundwood,wasmodeledforeachofpresumablyseparatesegmentsofroundwoodmarkets, namely, of sawlog, other industrial roundwood and fuelwood. However, assumedsegments of roundwood markets in Turkey are far from being strict since there exists andiscrepancy between the sales statistics and actual uses of different categories roundwoodproducedinTurkey.Forinstance,roundwoodsoldas“fuelwood”isknowntobewidelyusedasarawmaterialbyforestindustrybesidesbeingasourceofenergy.Anotherdrawbackindirectmodelingoftimberdemandarisesduetosomewhat“informal"economyofpoplarcultivationinTurkey.

Mainly because of the aforementioned drawbacks, we hereby propound a derived (indirect)demandmodeling approach as an alternative tomodeling the direct demand for timber.Wefirstly set up econometric models of demand for products of the separate forest industrysubsectorsasclassifiedinISIC.Thenweshowhowthenationalinput-outputtablescanbeusedto approximate the “timber coefficients” in the linear production functions of forest industrysubsectorsthatusetimber(roundwood)astheirmajorrawmaterialinput.Forthispurpose,thestructureoftheTurkishbenchmarknationalinput-outputtablesisexplainedindetail.

Ultimately,wecombinetheproposedeconometricmodelingofforestindustrysubsectorswiththe approximation of forest industry production functions that are based upon the nationalinput-output tables. It thus becomes possible to reach the econometricmodel for the timberdemandderivedfromdemandfortheforestindustryproducts.

Keywords:EconometricModel,DerivedDemand,Input-OutputTables,ForestIndustry,SustainableForestManagement


8

ANINTEGRATEDAPPROACHFORSUSTAINABLESUPPLIERSELECTIONAND

ORDERALLOCATION

HACERGUNERGOREN

PAMUKKALEUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

In recent years, companies have started to focus on their supply chains to enhance theirsustainability performance in order to meet the customer demands and comply withenvironmental legislations. Therefore, the sustainability awareness has become an importantissue in supply chain management and companies prefer to work with other companiesfocusing on this subject. This study deals with determining appopriate suppliers based onsustainability criteria, which is the first step in supply chain management. We propose anintegratedapproachforsustainablesupplierselectionandpresentarealworldapplication.Theproposed approach consists of two stages. In the first stage, appopriate sustainable suppliersare determined using an hybrid approach consisting of Fuzzy Decision Making Trial andEvaluationLaboratory(DEMATEL)andAxiomaticDesignapproach.Differentfromtheexistingstudies in this field, risk factors are taken into consideration in the decision process. In thesecond stage, a multi-objective mathematical model is constructed to determine the orderallocationoftheappopriatesuppliersdeterminedinthefirststage.

Keywords:SustainableSupplierSelection,Dematel,AxiomaticDesign,RiskFactors,MultiCriteriaDecisionMaking


9

EVALUATIONOFIZMIRCLOCKTOWER&KONAKSQUAREANDTHEIR

ENVIRONSWITHREGARDTOUSER–SPACEINTERACTION

CIGDEMKILICASLAN1,EMINEMALKOCTRUE2

1DEPARTMENTOFLANDSCAPEARCHITECTURE,FACULTYOFAGRICULTURE,ADNANMENDERESUNIVERSITY

2DEPARTMENTOFLANDSCAPEARCHITECTURE,FACULTYOFAGRICULTURE,EGEUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Izmir Clock Tower is an example of a "singular tower clock" which dates from the OttomanSultanAbdülhamidIIperiodandstillsurvivesatthesameplacewhere itwasbuilt.TheClockTower isa landmark forboth itsenvironsand Izmircity.Thestructurewasopened inKonakSquareonSeptember1,1901tocelebratethe25thanniversaryoftheaccessionofAbdülhamidIItothethrone,andhasgainedacentralimportanceforthecity.

In thisstudy, IzmirClockTower, itssymbolicalrole,historical importanceandaestheticvaluewasdealtwith,alongwithKonakSquarewhere it is located,andevaluated in termsofuser–space interaction.The studywas carriedout in fourdifferentparts; conceptual analysis, datacollection,evaluation,discussionandresults.

Inthefirstpartofthestudy,thehistoricalandarchitecturalpropertiesofIzmirClockTowerandKonak Square, and their importance for the city, are explained. Data collection for the studyconsisted of three main parts. In the first part, Izmir Clock Tower was evaluated as anarchitectural structureanddiscussedaccording to itsgeneral features,attribute information?,designpropertiesanditsrelationswithitssurroundings.

In the second part, Konak Square was evaluated in terms of its general features, uses andactivitiesandpositive–negativephysicalfeatures.Inthefinalstage,boththeClockTowerandKonakSquare,andtheirimmediatesurroundings,werehandledinanintegratedmanner.Afterthediscussionongeneralfeatures,theusagesareevaluatedonthebasisofaccessandlinkage.

Intheassessment,theClockTowerandKonakSquareareevaluatedholisticallyanddiscussedintermsofuser-spaceinteraction.

Keywords:IzmirClockTower,IzmirKonakSquare


10

FLUXLOSSANDMECHANISMSINULTRAFILTRATIONMEMBRANE

TREATMENTOFBILGEWATER

ELIFSEKMAN1,M.SINANBILGILI2,MEHMETKARPUZCU1,

1HASANKALYONCUUNIVERSITY2YILDIZTECHNICALUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Thecompositionandcharacterizationofoilywastewater(bilgewater)generatedfromnormalship operations varies widely and generally including hyper saline seawater, oils, fuels,surfactants, cleaners, tracemetals, andotherdissolvedand suspended contaminants.Highoilcontent and the presence of surfactants is the biggest challenge in treating bilge water bymembranesduetoirreversibleporeblockingcausedbyoilemulsificationinawiderange.Inthecurrentstudy,rawshipboardoilywastewaterwasprovidedIstanbul’sHaydarpasaPortWasteReception Plant and treated by ultrafiltration (UF) (UP150P and UP020P) PES flatsheetmembraneswithdifferentporesizes.Thebilgewaterwasprimarilypassedthroughacartridgefilter(averageporesize10µm)sincetheparticlesizedistributionstudiesshowedthat90%ofparticlesizewasgreaterthan17µm.Rightaftertreatingwastewaterinacoarsefiltrationunit,bilgewaterwas treatedbyUFmembranes.For thispurpose,a laboratoryscalestainlesssteelmembranereactorwasdesignedparticularlyforthisstudy.Wastewaterflowrate,temperature,crossflowvelocity,andfeedingvolumewereconstantduringstudiesas4.17L/min,20oC,2.19m/s,and10L,respectively.Theonlyvariableinthisstudywastransmembranepressure(TMP)as1,2,3and4barsforUP150Pmembraneand4,6,8and10barsforUP020Pmembrane.Fluxlosswascalculatedastotal,irreversible,andconcentrationpolarization,aswellascontactanglemeasurements performed on clean and polluted membranes. Additionally, Hermia's foulingprediction model was used to better understand fouling mechanisms on the surface ofmembraneandinsidethemembranepores.Theresultsshowedthatmixedfoulingmechanismsoccurred in all membrane treatment sets and a better pre-treatment is unavoidable beforeultrafiltrationmembranetreatmentstoimprovefluxanddecreasefluxloss.

Keywords:BilgeWater,Ultrafiltration,FluxLoss,MembraneTreatment


11

THEANALYSISOFBASICCONCEPTSRELATEDTOCORPORATESUSTAINABILITY

APPROACHBYUSINGN-GRAMANALYSISTECHNIQUE

MUSTAFANURIURAL1,OZLEMTUNA2

1GUMUSHANEUNIVERSITY2AFYONKOCATEPEUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

ManystudiesonsustainabilityhavebeenconductedsincethefirstuseofthetermbyCarlVonCarlowitz (1713). These studies have contributed to the historical development of the basicconcepts related tosustainability. It is important toset forth thedevelopmentprocessof thetermandtoreveal thetopicswhicharestressedbythespecialists inorder tounderstandtheconceptcorrectly.

Withthisstudy,allthebookswritteninEnglishandsavedin ‘GoogleBooks’databasestartingfromthe1900stotherecentyearshavebeenscannedwithN-gramanalysisandtheevolutionofcorporatesustainabilityconcepthasbeeninvestigated.

Firstly, the concepts related to “corporate sustainability" andwhichwill be used in the scanprocess were determined. In this process, opinions of experts have been taken in order toensure objectivity. Opinions of experts, 5 academiciansmade up of professors and associateprofessorswhohaveworkedoncorporate sustainabilityand5managers coming fromseniorand mid-levels of business enterprises who are responsible for the sustainability policies oftheir companies have been taken and they were asked to write down 15 concepts aboutcorporate sustainability, inEnglishorTurkish,which they thoughtwere important. Thedatagatheredwascodedandcategorized.5conceptswhichhavethehighest frequencyamongthe150conceptscollectedfromthe10participantswereidentifiedanddecidedontobeusedinN-gramanalysis.

N-gramViewerapplicationhasbeenusedinitsmostbasicformforthestudy.Meanwhile,thefrequency of the concepts in the literaturewas determined. The analysismade it possible toreachtotheinformationabouttheseconceptshowthefrequencyoftheirusehaveincreasedordecreasedovertheyearsandthechangesintheusagefrequencyratesofrelatedtermstooneanother.

Keywords:CorporateSustainability,N-Gram,RetrospectiveAnalysis


12

ARESEARCHONQFD–“HOUSEOFBRAND”INFASHIONINDUSTRY

EVRIMKABUKCU

MANISACELALBAYARUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Fashioncontinues tobeanarea that reflects the increasingpopularityofdifferent theoreticaland practical approaches of researchers fromdifferent disciplines. Due to the rapid cycles offashion, sustainable products and processes in terms of technical creativity and innovativeapproach is needed. In this context, fashion marketing emerges as an integrative marketingapplicationwithitsbothtechnicalandsocialaspectsbytakingpotentialcustomerscenterthatsymbolizerapidchangeandcreativityoffashionproducts.

In this study, QFD - House of Brand was designed with Quality Function Deployment (QFD)approach.Inthiscontext,theexperts(FocusGroup)inFashionIndustryevaluatedtheselectedfashionbrandanditsselectedproductbyprioritizingthecriterias.TheseevaluationswereusedinQFD -HouseofBrand.Thus technicalandsocialaspectsof fashion industrywereanalysedtogether.Bythistechnique,QFD-HouseofBrandestablishedinrelationtoproductsandbrand,was interpretedandoptimizationsuggestionswerepresentedinaccordancewiththefindingsof the research. Inaddition, suggestionson sustainability andoptimizationofbrandequity infashionindustrywereprovided.

Keywords:QualityFunctionDeployment(Qfd),HouseOfBrand,BrandEquity,FashionIndustry,Design,Product,Sustainability


13

DEPARTURESFROMANATOLIANSELJUKBUILDINGCOMPLEXWITH

IWAN/EYVAN:THETRADITIONOFIWANTOMBS

MEHMETUYSAL1,YAVUZARAT1,UGURTUZTASI2,

1NECMETTINERBAKANUNIVERSITY2CUMHURIYETUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Asmanconstructed thespaces thathe lived inhealsodesignedspaceswhere theirdeadwillstay according to their belief systems. These spaces are sometimes monumentalized by themeansofastoneonthetopofamountain,sometimessignedbytotemsandsometimesbecamestructurestoprotectgravesandsymbolizethepersonormakehimunforgettable.Variousgravemonumentshavebeenconstructedfromtheearliestprimitivesocietiestodevelopedsocieties.Every belief system built structures for itself; Pyramids for pharaohs, grave monuments forkings and emperors, temples and tombs for importantmenof religion.These spaces are alsoarchitecturalworkslikeaschooloradwellingandhaveimportanceinhistoryofarchitecture.

AfterAnatoliaSeljuksmadeKonya the capital cityandKonyabecameadministrative, culturalandscientificcenter,very importanttombswerebuilt inKonya.Differentfromthe localtombarchitecture, the architecture of tombs with half-open “eyvan/Iwan” is significant. AlthoughiwanbuildingsisvastlyusedinAnatoliancivilarchitectureandmonumentalbuildingsitsbestexmaplesareobservedin13thcenturymedresebuildings.Theiwantombtraditionwhichwasobservedduringthetimeperiodwhenthisbuildingtypologywasshapedanddepartedfromtheresident tradition in the form of iwan tombs are rarely represented.However, similar tombswerebuildinresemblancetothistradition.Thisstudyprovidesinformationonsamplesofiwantombs (Gömeç Hatun Tomb, Emir Yavaştagel Tomb and BeşparmakTomb) and evaluates thedepartures from iwan building complexes in view of architectural language. This paper alsogives informationabout iwan tombsamong tombshaving importance in IslamicArchitecturalHeritage.

Keywords:SeljukBuildingComplex,Eyvan/Iwan,Anatolia,IslamicArchitecturalHeritage,Tomb.


14

MORPHOLOGICALTRANSFORMATIONSANDVARIATIONSINARCHITECTURAL

LANGUAGEFROMTOMBSTOMAUSOLEUMS:FROMOTTOMANEMPIRETO

THETURKISHREPUBLIC

UGURTUZTASI1,MEHMETUYSAL2,YAVUZARAT2,

1CUMHURIYETUNIVERSITY2NECMETTINERBAKANUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Thetomb(grave)structuresthathaveinfluencedthearchitecturalculturefromtheSeljuktimestotheOttomanthroughoutAnatoliaaremembersofacontinuingbuildingtraditionintermsofmonumental expression and styles. This building typology which has religious and culturalpermeabilityinviewofspatialtracesandstructuralformationsfollowstheentiretrajectoryoftherespecttodeathandthedeceasedfromtheSeljukstotheOttomansandalsothechangingburial traditionsepitomised in the formofmausoleums in theTurkishRepublic.Althoughtheculturallayershavethesamecontentswithregardstothecultofmonumentthisarchitecturaltraditionwhichevolvedfromtombstomausoleumschangedinbothtypologicalformationandstructuralsize.Inshort,thetombtraditionwithuniqueexamplesofarchitecturalfunctionsandtypologicalformationshasbeenencounteredfrom13thcenturyonwardsandcontinuedduringtheOttomanperiodwithchangesinformandhastransformedtomausoleumsduringthe20thcentury.Thisstudyanalyses theprocessof transformation fromcomplexstructures tosimplestructuresandthentomonumentalgravesintermsofarchitecturalexpression.Moreover,thestudyinterrogatesthearchitecturallanguageofAnatolianSeljuktombstoOttomantombsandmonumental graves built during the republican period in terms of spatial and structuralcontexts.

Keywords:DeathAndSpaceInTurks,MonumentalGraves,LanguageOfArchitecturalStyle


15

ATOMBSTRUCTUREINPURSUITOFTRADITIONIN2OTHCENTURYTURKEY

ANDITSSTORY;THETOMBOFHACIHÂKIMKEMALONSUNANDHISWIFE

YAVUZARAT1,UGURTUZTASI2,MEHMETUYSAL1,

1NECMETTINERBAKANUNIVERSITY2CUMHURIYETUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Anatolia has been the host ofmany civilizations and a sitewhere architectural structures ofmanyculturallayerswereinterpreted.MostsignificantlytheTurkswhosettledinCentralAsiabrought their architectural dynamics and cultural accumulation to Anatolia after the 12thcentury.ThetombstructuresfirstobservedinCentralAsiaundertheinfluenceofIslamicfaithandTurkishculturalheritagehasblossomedunderGreatSeljukEmpireandwiththeAnatolianSeljukEmpirethesetombschangedbothinsizeandformwithrichandbeautifulsamplesfromAhlattoSivastoKayseriandKonya.Thistombtraditionwhichstartedduring13thcenturyhascontinuedduring theOttomanEmpireperiodwith somealterationsof formandevolved intothe rarely observedmausoleum type tombs. The Ottoman tradition of building tombs insidemosque gardens and their formspresent the clues of an important burial tradition.Howeverthisunderstandingwasabandonedin20thcenturyTurkey.Thistraditionwasabandonedwithregard to legal regulations and health conditions. This study investigates the vestiges of thistradition and its spatial reflections over a sample. The present sample is representative of atradition that started in1970s and the caseof building tombs insidemosquegardenswill beillustrated over the tomb of Hacı Kemal Onsun and HisWife which is located in Konya, thecapitaloftheAnatolianSeljuks.Thebuildingprocessofthistombwillbeevaluatedwithregardtoburialtraditionsandarchitecturalstylization.

Keywords:Tomb,LanguageOfArchitecturalForm,AnatolianSeljukTombs,OttomanTombs


16

WRITINGEDUCATIONBASEDONMUNISKHAREZMI’SSAVAD-ITALIM

HAYRULLAHKAHYA

YILDIZTECHNICALUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

MunisKharazmi(1778-1829)wasafamouspoetandhistoryofthelatestperiodofCentralAsiaTurkish Literature called Chagatai Literature. He had a work interested inwriting educationtitledSavad-iTalim,whichmeanswritingtraining.Inhiswork,hementionedwritingeducationwithArabiclettersknownashusn-ihat,whichmeansnicecaligraphy.Munisteachedaboutthepreparingthelettersforwritingtostudents.Besides,hementionedaboutthewritingrules,andthepreparingthetexts.Incurrentstudy,Iwilldealwithhisrules,topics,andadvisesaboutthewriting education in his work. My aim is to contribute to contempary writing education tocomparewithhistoricalwritingeducationcomprehension.

Keywords:WritingEducation,TurkishLanguage,MunisKharazmi,ChagataiLanguage,Education


17

VARIABLECOMPRESSIONRATIOEFFECTONNOISEANDVIBRATION

CHARACTERISTICSOFADIESELENGINEFUELLEDWITHCASTOROILBIODIESEL

MUSTAFAOZCANLI1,HASANSERIN1,SAFAKYILDIZHAN1,ERINCULUDAMAR2

1DEPARTMENTOFAUTOMOTIVEENGINEERING,CUKUROVAUNIVERSITY2DEPARTMENTOFMECHANICALENGINEERING,CUKUROVAUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Anexperimentalstudywasconductedinavariablecompressionratio(VCR)engineinordertoinvestigate the effect of different compression ratiosonnoise andvibration characteristics ofcastor oil biodiesel. Castor oil biodiesel was produced via transesterification method. Fuelspecificationsofbothfuelssuchasdensity,cetanenumber,flashpoint,viscosity,pourpointandcopperstripcorrosionweremeasured.Theresultofvibrationalandnoisecharacteristicsoflowsulphur diesel and diesel-biodiesel blend (B20) were compared at 12:1, 14:1, and 16:1compression ratios in the test engine. The study showed that compression ratio significantlyaffects the vibrational and noise characteristics of the engine. As a result usage of castor oilbiodieselalsocausedincrementinthemeansofnoiseandvibrationoftheengine.

Keywords:VariableCompressionRatio,Vibration,Noise,CastorBiodiesel


18

BANKCREDITAPPLICATIONSANDADVANCEMENTRECOMMENDATIONSAS

REGARDSSUSTAINABLEBUILDINGSINTURKEY

AKINBILDIK1,TULINALTUN2,GOKHANGOKCEOGLU3,

1MARMARAUNIVERSITY2CUMHURIYETUNIVERSITY

3BOGAZICIUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Thekindof buildings that are termedonawide arrayofnames ranging frompassive, green,environmental friendly, ecological to sustainable have been distinguished from traditionalbuildings with respect to their design, construction and utilization processes as an intendedrepercussion of their economic, social and environmental advantages. Consequently,development of well-defined financial mechanisms aimed at bringing business circles withindividualsaswellasdesignationofincentivesbythegovernmentscarryutmostimportance.Inthis study, public mechanisms that could be used to spread private credits for sustainablebuildings has been discussed. Although it is thought that the legal framework drawn by thegovernment (through instruments such as sanctions or financial assistance) has evidentpriority,thisstudyemphasizesmajorproblemsconcerningsustainablebuildingprivatecreditsand recommendations to these particular problems. This study encompasses the mentionedconcrete recommendations as regards the following aspectsof the sustainablebuilding issue;inauguration of legal and regulatory structures concerning finance of energy investments forsustainable buildings, increasing the aggregate magnitude of the private credit packagespreparedwiththecooperationofenergyproductivity focusedfirmsandbanks,diversificationof the financeable products and services as regards sustainable buildings, enhancement ofmaturityextensionsandtaxexemptionspertainingtosustainablebuildingprivatecredits.

Keywords:SustainableBuildings,BankCredits,PublicIncentives


19

PERFORMANCEANDEMISSIONCHARACTERISTICSOFADIESELENGINE

FUELLEDWITHTEASEEDOILBIODIESELWITHVARIABLECOMPRESSION

RATIO

HASANSERIN1,MUSTAFAOZCANLI1,MUSTAFAATAKANAKAR1,COSKUNOZALP2

1DEPARTMENTOFAUTOMOTIVEENGINEERING,CUKUROVAUNIVERSITY2OSMANIYEKORKUTATAUNIVERSITY,DEPARTMENTOFENERGYSYSTEMS

ENGINEERING,[email protected]

Abstract:

The study presents the results of investigations carried out on a one-cylinder, four-stroke,variable compression ratio (VCR) engine operated with tea seed (Camellia sinensis) oilbiodiesel.Theaimwastoinvestigatetheeffectofdifferentcompressionratiosonperformanceandemissioncharacteristics.Teaseedoilbiodieselwasproducedviatransesterificationmethodwithmethanol in the presence of a catalyst (NaOH). Fuel specifications of both fuels such ascetane number, density, viscosity, flash point and pour point were measured. After beingblendedwith regulardiesel fuel (D), the fuelpropertiesof tea seedbiodieselwasdeterminedaccordingtoASTMandENstandards.Theresultofperformanceandemissioncharacteristicsoflow sulphur diesel and diesel-biodiesel blend (B20) were compared at 12:1, 14:1, and 16:1compression ratios in the test engine. The study showed that compression ratio significantlyaffectstheperformanceandemissioncharacteristicsoftheengine.Itwasalsoshownthat,upto20%volumetriccontentof teaseedbiodieselcouldbeeffectivelyusedin fuelmixtureservingthepurposeofreductionindieselfuelusage.

Keywords:VariableCompressionRatio,Performance,Emission,TeaSeedBiodiesel


20

PERFORMANCEANDEMISSIONCHARACTERISTICSOFVARIABLE

COMPRESSIONRATIOENGINEFUELLEDWITHDIESEL-BUTANOLANDCORN

BIODIESEL-BUTANOLBLENDS

MUSTAFAATAKANAKAR,SAFAKYILDIZHAN,HASANSERIN,MUSTAFAOZCANLI

DEPARTMENTOFAUTOMOTIVEENGINEERING,[email protected]

Abstract:

In this study, an experimental study of diesel-butanol and corn biodiesel-butanol blends in avariable compression ratio (VCR) engine has been studied. The result of performance andemissioncharacteristicsoflowsulphurdiesel,diesel-butanolblendandbiodiesel-butanolblendwerecomparedat12:1,14:1,and16:1compressionratiosofthetestengine.Thestudyshowedthatcompressionratiosignificantlyaffectstheperformanceandemissioncharacteristicsoftheengine. Results showed that increasing compression ratio improves brake thermal efficiencyand specific fuel combustion for all test fuels. Biodiesel-butanol usage improved CO and CO2emissionscomparedtodieselfuel,butincreasedNOxemissions.ButanoladditiontodieselfuelimprovedCOemissionsbutcausedaslightincrementwhenaddingtocornbiodiesel.Biodiesel-butanolblendshowedbetterbrake thermalefficiencyat lowcompressionratioscompared todiesel-butanolblend.

Keywords:CompressionRatio,Performance,Emission,CornBiodiesel,Butanol


21

ANINFORMATIONSYSTEMDEVELOPMENTINANAUTOMOBILESUB

INDUSTRYESTABLISHMENT:ACONTRIBUTIONTOECONOMIC

SUSTAINABILITY

ECENAZDEMIRCI

OKANUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Inthisstudy,prevalentinformationsystemthatisrelevanttoqualitycontrolisimproved.Asatechnique to enhance product quality, Statistical Process Control is chosen by the companybecause itguaranteesthat theprocessoperatesat its fullpotential tomanufacturenon-defectparts.Control chart tool of SPC is used to monitor the process.Machine operators enter themeasurementdataforapartintothesystemtocheckprocessstabilityandmonitorthecontrolcharts in the existing information system.However, the system is insufficient to diagnose therootcausesoftheprocessinstability,inthiscaseoperatorswasteconsiderabletimetofindtheproblem. In addition, in case of wrong assumption for root cause of instability when thecorrective action for the root cause is considered,costs increase.Cost raise threatens theeconomic aspect of sustainability.To reduce the costs, this information system is developed.Asurveyisconductedbythefirmtofindoutthepossiblereasonsforprocesstobeoutofcontrol.Machine operators state seven different causes; which are operator error, machine error ,measurement error,tool wear, poor adjustment of equipment, defective batch ofmaterial,environmental effect. Corrective actions for each cause are suggested. The possiblecauses and related corrective actions are built into the system by the company’s softwaredevelopers.Asaresultcostofquality isreducedconsiderablywithrespect toprevioussystemandthiscontributestoeconomicsustainabilityallowingprofitabilityovertime.

Keywords:StatisticalProcessControl,ControlCharts,Sustainability


22

ECONOMICPOTENTIALOFENERGY-EFFICIENTRETROFITTINGINTHE

RESIDENTIALBUILDINGS:THECASEOFISTANBUL

M.MUSTAFAERDOGDU1,COSKUNKARACA2,ALIKURULTAY3,

1FINANCIALECONOMICS,DEPARTMENTOFPUBLICFINANCE,FACULTYOFECONOMICS,MARMARAUNIVERSITY

2DEPARTMENTOFPUBLICFINANCE,FACULTYOFECONOMICANDADMINISTRATIVESCIENCES,CUMHURIYETUNIVERSITY

3BIRERKURULTAYARCHITECTS

[email protected]

Abstract:

The amount of energy consumption in the residences and commercial buildings has a verysignificantsharewithnearly40%inthetotalprimaryenergysupply.Thegradual increaseinthe energyneed inparallelwithdevelopment level, correspondingly, environmental pressureemergedfromenergyconsumptionandthetendencyofenergycosttoincreasehavepavedtheway of the gradually developing understanding that designswhichwill decrease the need ofenergy use in the buildings are of due significance and necessity. Concerning the importanceand immediate need in Turkey for changing dwelling construction and designmethods fromwidely used inefficient methods to energy efficient designs and methods this paper aims toanalyze theeconomicbenefitsof thisproposedchangeandprovidenewsolutions.Thepaperconsistsoffoursections.Aftertheintroduction,whichwillexplainthereasonsfortheneedforenergy efficiency at residential buildings. The second section will draw energy consumptionlevels and energy saving potentials for residences and provide examples of thermal isolationapplications which are even more efficient compared to other solutions in terms of energyefficiency.Thethirdsectionwillanalyzefinancialeffectivenessofrenewaleffortsaimingtosaveenergyatresidentialbuildings.Thelastsectionisreservedforthepossiblenewgovernmentalpolitics concerning energy efficiency of dwellings. This paper will seek political decisions,varyingfrompromotionsforrisingsocialawarenessandsustaininghealthyurbandevelopmenttodeterringmeasuresagainstenergyinefficiencyandwill investigatehowthesedecisionscanbeappliedeffectively.

Keywords:Energy-EfficientRetrofitting,GreenBuildings,ResidentialBuildings,Istanbul


23

TECHNOLOGICALPROPERTIESOFOBLACHINSKA,CIGANCHICAANDMARELA

SOURCHERRYVARIETIES

BOZHIDARRISTOVSKI,ENISESIPAHI,MIRJANABOCEVSKA,

FACULTYOFTECHNOLOGYANDMETALLURGY,SS.CYRILANDMETHODIUSUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Sourcherries(PrunuscerasusL.)havebecomeoneofthemostpopularfruit,amongthestonefruit species, due to their quality attributes and the content of health promoting compounds.Theyaregoodsourcesofantioxidantphytochemicals,mostlyphenolics,butalsosugars,acids,vitamins and minerals. Grown in many different varieties, sour cherries have differentcharacteristicsthat influencetheoverallacceptabilitybytheconsumersandusage inthefoodindustry.Sourcherry fruitsaremainlyprocessed into juices,purees,concentrates, jams,orasfrozenproducts,andtheyareusedasvalued ingredients inconfectionary,diaryandbeverageindustry. The Balkan countries, including R. Macedonia, traditionally has been among thegreatestworldproducersofsourcherries,whichismainreasonforincreasedinterestintheircharacterization.

TheobjectiveofthisstudywastoevaluatesomeofthephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofthesourcherryvarietiesgrowninRepublicofMacedonia,thathavemajorinfluenceontheoverallprocessing parameters. In that way some morphological characteristics (shape, immensity,length,width,heightandratiooffleshtostones),Labcolorparameters,andthecontentsofdrymatter, ash, acids and sugars of three sour cherry varieties (Oblachinska of two regions,Ciganchica and Marela, harvested in season 2015) were assessed. Among the investigatedvarietiesthesourcherriesofMarelahadthegreatestdimensionsandproportionoftheediblepart of the fruit, and the most favorable sugar to acid ratio, compared to other analyzedvarieties.Thea*colorparametervariedbetween5.03and22.38forthedifferentfruitparts,andthe b* parameter ranging from -4.16 to 5.36, was the lowest for those fromMarela variety.Although, one of the Oblachinska sour cherries had the highest sugar and acid content, theytogetherwiththosefromCiganchicavarietyhadlowmaturityindex(5.9-6.3).

Keywords:SourCherry,MorphologicalProperties,ColorCharacteristics,ChemicalComposition


24

ANTIMICROBIALANDANTIOXIDATIVEACTIVITYOFCOMMERCIALVERSUS

TRADITIONALAPPLEVINEGAR

ELIZABETAJANCOVSKA1,MAJAJANCOVSKA2,BOZHIDARRISTOVSKI1,MIRJANABOCEVSKA1

1FACULTYOFTECHNOLOGYANDMETALURGY,SS.CYRILANDMETHODIUSUNIVERSITY

2FACULTYOFMEDICALSCIENCE,UNIVERSITY"GOCEDELCEV",KRSTEMISIRKOVBB,2000SHTIP,REPUBLICOFMACEDONIA

[email protected]

Abstract:

Vinegarisaliquidcondimentobtainedfromalcoholicandsubsequentacetousfermentationofmashpreparedfromcerealsorawidevarietiesoffruitswherealcoholorcarbohydratesmaybeadded.Itisaclearaqueousliquid,whichmaybecolorless,withthecolorofitsrawmaterial,oradditionallycolored.ItspHvalueis2.0-3.5,andaceticacidintherangeof40-150g/L.

Vinegar has long been used worldwide as an additive in a wide variety of foods which itpreserves due to the properties of acetic acid. However, recent research has shown that, inaddition to itswell known anti-bacterial activity, vinegarwhen consumed as a drink, confersconsiderable health benefits, including lowering blood pressure, acting as an antioxidant,alleviating the effects of diabetes, preventing cardiovascular diseases, providing refreshmentafterexercise.

From recently traditionally prepared foodbecame asmuch as popular among the consumer,becauseoftheirgreentechnology.

Inthisstudyfoursamplesofcommerciallyproducedapplevinegar,bydifferentproducers,andonesampleobtainedtraditionallyorhomemadewereanalyzed.Theirdrymass,totalacids,pHvalue as well as antioxidant DPPH activity and antimicrobial capacity against Salmonellatyphimurium, Echerichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were determinedandcompared.

In commercially obtained vinegars drymass varied from 2 to 3.2%, but in traditional about11%. Content of total acids in commercially productswas in the range of 1.5% to 4.6% andabout2%intraditionallyobtainedvinegar,pHvaryingintherangeof2.7–3.5incommerciallyand2.9inhomemadevinegar.OneofthecommercialsamplewaswithhigherDPPHantioxidantactivitythanhomemadevinegar,whiletwosampleswerewithveryweakactivity.Traditionallyobtained vinegar was the most effective against Salmonella typhimurium, but thecoommerciallyvinegarsagainsttheothermicroorganisms.

Keywords:FruitVinegar,AntimicrobialActivity,AntioxidantActivity


25

ASURROGATEMODELFORTHEOPERATIONECONOMICSANDFEASIBILITY

ANALYSISOFCITYTOCITYCOMMUTERAIRLINESERVICENETWORKSFOR

SUSTAINABLEREGIONALAVIATION

ALPERENYILLIKCI

AEROMAK,ITUTECHNOLOGYCENTERANDINNOVANTURELLC

[email protected]

Abstract:

InthisstudyaniterativesurrogatemodelbasedOperationCostandFeasibility(OCF)analysisapproach is developed and implemented to the regional commuter airline operationnetworkeconomics proposed for Balkan countries. For an integrated economical, social and culturalsustainable development, direct city to city air travel has been studied by experts as animportant fast and flexiblemodeof transportation.On the otherhand, route networks ofexisting airlines are mostly constructed between major hubs and hub to spoke cities andairlines pick profitable routes and cancel money-losing ones. In present study operationaleconomics of city to city air travel (where no direct airline connections currently exist)withcommuter aircraft is studied with an reversed approach; considering the least number ofpassengersrather thanconsideringaLoadFactor for pre-selectedaircraft fora routeandanestimatedticketpricetocalculatetheBreak-Even-Point.Inotherwords, thecostoftravelforperpassengeroneachselectedrouteiscalculatedinsteadofbreak-evennumberofpassengers.AnOverallEvaluationCriteriaofEconomics (OECe) isdefined foracollective-cumulativecostperpassengerforagivennetworkasfunctionoftheoutput-dependentvariablesoftheairlineoperationalcostanalysis.As thenextstepDesignofExperiments(DoE) isconstructed for theinputcostvariableswiththeirmaximumandminimumvalues.OneoutputofthisDoEanalysisistheParetoChartwhichrankstheinputvariablesintermsoftheireffectonthedefinedOECewhichrepresentsanoverallbalancedcostexpectationsfromaspecificairtransportnetwork.ThesecondoutputoftheDoEanalysisistheResponseSurfacefortheOECewhichisbasicallyaSurrogate Model (SM) of the operational cost analysis. Several examples for different OECedefinitions and their corresponding SMs, represent different the cost-profit dynamics, arepresentedinthestudy.

Keywords:IntegratedSustainableDevelopment,PointToPointAirTravel,DesignOfExperiments,ResponseSurface,SurrogateModels


26

RENEWABLEENERGYSYSTEMSOFHOSPITALS

EYUPAL

KONYANUMUNEHOSPITAL

[email protected]

Abstract:

Demandingofenergythatisoneoftheourworldsmostimportantproblemnowadaysderivesfromtherisingdemands.Offer-demandbalanceisgettingdestroyandasanaturalconsequenceof this, energy sources cause a rising at the cost of the production and property of both theprivateandcorporatesectorbyincreasingthenationalandinternationalservicesubstantially.Especially theenergyneedofdevelopedanddevelopingcountriesmanagementhas increasedmore and more because of their working on technology intensively. Reducing of energyresourceswithalltheseneeds,theincreasingofprotectioncostsofafterusingsourceswhichisharm to environment brings some risks and extra costs. Therefore, in our developing andglobalizedworld, renewableenergy factor showsupasoneof themost importantelementofsustainabledevelopment.

In our this work we aim to research of applying renewable energy in our country’s publiccorporations where service and energy need is maintain uninterruptible. In Konya NumuneHospitalYazırpremisesissearchedofsomefactorslikeapplyingrenewableenergyanditscostsandinvestment’sreturnandthecontributionofhospital’stotalenergyneed.

Thisprojectwasconductedinthreedifferentways.Thefirstwayisthemostefficientworkingsystemtoprovidemaximumpowerand is intendedtoshortentheperiodofprofitability.Thesecondway isbasedonabalanceof costandprofitability.Theoptimumconditionsaregivenprioritytoensurecost-profitbalanceinside.Thethirdandfinalversionformuchlessthanthecostofcompletelyfocusedonthecostofprofitabilityarepreferred.

Keywords:EnergyNeeds,SolarEnergy,SustainableDevelopment,SustaınableEnergyUse,GreenHospital.


27

AWINDPOWERPLANTFEASIBILITYSTUDYFORBURSA,GEMLIKREGION,

TURKEY

SEMIHAKIN,YUSUFALIKARA

BURSATECHNICALUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Increasingenergydemandonaglobalscaleandwiththeemergingconstraintofconventionalenergyresourceshasforcedthedevelopingcountriestoimprovealternativeenergyresources.Especiallyinlastdecades,manystudiesandresearcheshavebeendoneinordertobenefitmoreefficientlyfromrenewableenergyresources.Windenergyasarenewableenergyresourcehasshowedgreaterimprovementsinceitissustainable,efficientandcleanenergy.Asaresult,thenumber of wind power plants investments has been increasing expeditiously all around theworld. Correspondingly, Turkey promotes the incentives and investments to thewind powerconversionsystems.Alongwithbeingincreasedtheincentivesandinvestmentstowindpowerconversionsystems,theexternaldependenceonenergyofTurkeywilldecrease.Inadditiontothat, at the same time competitive power of Turkey in the energy sector will increasedramatically.

Inthiswork,windpowerplantfeasibilitystudyisrealizedforGemlikBayconnectedwithBursaProvincewhichhasremarkablewindpotentialbuthasnotanywindpowerplant.WinddataofGemlikappliedtoWindsimsoftware;annualenergyproduction,capacity factorarecalculatedandalsopowerandenergycurvesofselectedwindturbinesareobtainedasoutput.Thestudyshows that through 5 Vestas V90 turbines with 2-MW capacity in Gemlik Ata region,establishment of economic wind power plant which has over 40 GWh/y annual energyproductioncapacityisfeasible.

Keywords:GemlikRegion,WindEnergy,WindPowerPlant,Windsim,RenewableEnergySources


28

DETERMINATIONOFTHEGLYCEMICINDEXOFGILABURU(VIBURNUM

OPULUS)JUICE

MELTEMSOYLU

NUHNACIYAZGANUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to determine the blood glucose response among volunteers and tocalculate the glycemic index, classify of gilaburu (Viburnum opulus) juice that is specific toKayseri and produced from the fruit traditionally (home-made) and consumed frequently toprevent and treat several diseases as renal diseases, gall bladder diseases, liver diseases anddiabetes,torelievepainandcrampsandtoprotecthealth.severaldiseases.Gilaburu(Viburnumopulus),isafruitcultivatedespeciallyaroundKayseri,TokatandSivas.AfterbeingharvestedatSeptember-October, they are left in water for one-to-three months and its juice is producedtraditionally or technological processes at fruit juice companies. In our study,wedeterminedtheglycemicindexofgilaburu(Viburnumopulus)juicein21healthyvolunteerstudentswithameanageofmen20.57±1.39and19.37±1.02years.Wealsocompairedbiochemicalparametersbefore and after gilaburu juice intake. All volunteers participating in the study underwentanthropometricmeasurementsandtheirdietdetailswereobtained.Gilaburujuicehomemadeform were used in the study after their, sugar were analyzed. Capillary finger-prick bloodsampleswerecollectedafteranovernight(12h) fastand15,30,45,60,90,120minutesafterintake of eachmeal and the GIwas calculated by expressing each subject's incremental areaunder the blood glucose curve after gilaburu juice as a percentage of his or hermean bloodglucose curve after glucose. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, totalcholesterol,LDLcholesterol,HDLcholesterol,triglyceride,ASTandALTlevelsweredetected.

Theglycemicindexvalueofgilaburujuicewasfoundtobe40.95andhavelowGI.Thefastingand posprandial the glucose levels values decrease and cholesterol levels increase after(p<0.05). Besides postprandial HDL cholesterol, AST and ALT levels levels increase aftergilaburujuicewasdeterminedsignificant(p<0.05).

Keywords:GlycemicIndex,ViburnumOpulus


29

PSYCHOLOGICALEFFECTSOFTHEWATERANDWATERSTRUCTURESON

URBANANDURBANITES

OMERATABEYOGLU

LANDSCAPEARCHITECTUREDEPARTMENT,AGRICULTURALFACULTY,ORDUUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Waterisoneofthemostimportantelementandsourceoflife.Itisimpossibletothinkthatisnowaterandsubtractfromourlife.Waterisextremelyimportantlifeconditionsandlivingareas.Therefore,itisusuallyenoughtofeelsgoodtohearandseewater.Besidesthephysicalbenefitsofwater,therearemostpsychologicalbenefitsofwater,too.Psychologicalcharacteristicsofthewater effect urban life and urbanites. If the water use rightly, urban have right image andmeaningforurbanitesandtourists.Urbanwithitsconstructarelikebookstoreadfortouristsandurbanites.Theyhavemoststoryandmeaning.Waterandwaterstructuresbringmeaning,aesthetic, function and attractive characteristic to urban. Structural elements strengthen itsmeaning, aesthetic and functional sense. Responsibility of designer is big to create correctsenses.Abilitiesandimaginationofthedesigneraredeterminanttocorrectlymotivatedhumanpsychology. Design techniques of water structure, details and characteristics of structuralelements and locations of water structures are important for urbanites to feel better andpeacefulabout themselves.Aimof the landscapearchitectures is to serve thepeople.For thispurposepsychological factorsareamethod toevaluate.This study includesuseofwaterandwaterelements inurban, imageofurban,psychological effectsonurbanitesanduseofwaterelementsbypsychologicalapproaches.

Keywords:WaterStructures,UrbanitePsychology,UrbanSustainability,LandscapeArchitecture,UrbanDesign


30

LITERATUREREVIEWOFLIFECYLETIMEOFPRODUCTSANDSERVICES:ACASE

STUDYINTEXTILESECTOR

AYSENUR1,ERTUGRULTACGIN2

1YALOVAUNIVERSITY-MARMARAUNIVERSITY2MARMARAUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Hyperconsumerismcausedbyplannedobsolescenceresultsinincreasingvolumesandvarietiesofbothsolidandhazardouswastesrequiringaneffectivewastemanagement.There’sawholeindustryknownas“wastemanagement”thatreliesonarigidunderstandingofwaste.

The Carbon Footprint indicates all greenhouse gas emissions along the whole life-cycle.ConsumerscancontributesignificantlytoreducetheProductCarbonFootprint.wetrytofindSustainableActionsWaystoReduceCarbonFootprinttohavehealthier,saferand,sustainableworld.

The purpose of this study is to define the policy of planning, designing andmanufacturingproductswith limitedserviceable life and try togiveaviewof understanding of the theorybehind obsolescence, decreasing life-cycle of a product or service and to create a vision forconsumerdurablegoodsperhouseholdandanapplicationintextilesector.

Keywords:Sustainability,Obsolesence,LifeCyleTime


31

SUSTAINABILITYOFJOINTPROJECTSBETWEENUNIVERSITYANDINDUSTRY

INTURKEY

AYSENURERDIL1,HIKMETERBIYIK2

1YALOVAUNIVERSITY-MARMARAUNIVERSITY2YALOVAUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

IndustriesinTurkey,since1980's,performimportantimprovementsasaresultofthe-policiesthat pursue the goal of exports orientation and globalization. Although there are structuraleconomicproblemssuchasinflation,privatization,taxesandefficientinstitutionalstructureofgovernmenthasnotbeenformedyet,theperformanceofTurk,shindıstryseemstogivehope.However, this improvementandperformance is the resultof the industry'sownefforts.Thissituationmakesitdifficulttodeterminemediumandlongtermtargets.Inthesecircumstances,it makes a contribution to Turkish industry , consequently the development of Turkey, thatfoundationswhichformtheinstitutionalframeincludinguniversities,relatedbureaucracywithmain chambers, unions and priority industry are able to produce common studies,projects.International competition represents a rich competition concept containing dividedmarkets, different products and technological changes.So The international trade one of themost important supports of the competition advantage is the technological changes. In thetechnologicalrace,technology,R&Darevitaldeterminingfactors.

This studyaims touse the resultsofpreviousprojects, is toprepareanewenvironment thatwillprovidetheproductionofcooperationwhichisnecessaryforthecommonidea.

Keywords:Industry,Research&Development,Technology,UniverstyProjects


32

EFFECTSONGLOBALWARMINGOFINSULATIONINPIPEACCORDINGTOLIFE

CYCLEASSESSMENT

YUSUFBASOGUL1,ALIKECEBAS2,YAVUZDEMIRCI1,

1ADIYAMANUNIVERSITY2MUGLASITKIKOCMANUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Energy consumption in space heating will be significantly reduced through the use ofappropriate insulation materials, thereby reducing fossil fuel consumption and its pollutingeffects on the environment. Even in well-insulated buildings, energy consumption andemissions canbe reduced furtherby insulatingheatingpipes. Inparticular,water supply, fireprotectionanddistrictheating/coolingsystemsand industrialandchemicalprocessingplantscontain intricate and costly piping configurations. Un-insulated distribution and returnpipelinesareaprominentsourceofwastedenergy.Addinginsulationforenergyconservationin pipe systems not only reduces heat transmission losses but also reduces its pollutingproducts. The use of thermal insulation is one of the most effective methods of energyconservationandenvironmentalprotectioninbuildingsandpipes.Therefore,theselectionofaproperinsulationmaterialanddeterminationofoptimuminsulationthicknessareparticularlyvital. In this study, a novel method related with life cycle assessment analysis is used fordeterminingtheoptimuminsulationthicknessofpipe.The lifecycleprocessesaffectedbythepipe insulation application have been characterized in terms of their environmental impacts.The lifecycleassessmentmethod isperformedbyusingenergeticandenvironmentalcriteria,whichdeterminedtheoptimuminsulationthicknessesinpipeinsulationapplications.

Keywords:PipeInsulation;GlobalWarming;LcaAnalysis;OptimumInsulationThickness.


33

TREATMENTOFTEXTILEWASTEWATERWITHPIDTEMPERATURECONTROL

USINGMATLAB/SIMULINKPROGRAMME

YAVUZDEMIRCI1,YUSUFBASOGUL1,CANANPEKEL2,KAMRANPOLAT2

[email protected]

Abstract:

Thispaperpresentsanelectrocoagulationtechniqueforthedesignofwastewaterpurificationbycontrolling the system temperature. Inour study,weemployedaPID temperature controlsystem successfully to treat and purify textile wastewater. During the electrochemicalpurification of textilewastewater, conductivity of the systemdepends on the electrochemicalcharacteristics and the temperature of the system changes non-linearly. Temperature of theelectrocoagulation reactor must be kept at a specific value to achieve an efficientelectrochemicalpurification.Temperaturecontrolofsuchasystembykeepingthetemperatureconstantisessential.Acoolingjacketedreactorhasbeenusedastheelectrocoagulationsystem.Thetemperaturecontrolofthemixtureinthereactorduringtheelectrocoagulationisrealizedbyusingthecoolingwaterflowasthemanipulatedvariable.Thisstudyincludedaseriesoftestsinwhich a PID controllerwas used for temperature control. This systemperformance of theelectrocoagulation process was presented by determining chemical oxygen demand (COD),colourandturbidityremovalefficiencies.

Keywords:ElectrochemicalTreatment,TextileWastewater,Pid,TemperatureControl


34

EDUCATIONOFLOCALGOVERNMENTSASAWAYTOWARDSSUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENTOFTHECOUNTRIESOFTHEWESTERNBALKANS-CASESTUDY

OFMONTENEGRO

RADOJEVUJADINOVIC,UROSKARADZIC

UNIVERSITYOFMONTENEGRO/FACULTYFORMECHANICALENGINEERING

[email protected]

Abstract:

ThereisanurgentneedofcapacitybuildinginsustainabledevelopmentintheWesternBalkansCountries. Thus, education and training are necessary elements to make municipalityadministration capable to recognize, define, prepare, and finalize any kind of the energyefficiencyprojects, fromthesimpleonesuptotechnicallyandparticularlyfinanciallycomplexprojects, particularly taking into consideration today very attractive concepts of the projectsfinancing,asESCO’s,PPP,etc.

ThispaperpresentstheactivitiesontheTEMPUSprojectTrainingcoursesforpublicservicesinsustainableinfrastructuredevelopmentinWesternBalkans(ProjectNumber:530530-TEMPUS-1-2012-1-SE-TEMPUS-JPHES),intheMontenegro,ascasestudy.

Theprojectisdesignedtoestablishsystemfortrainingofpublicauthoritiesaimedatimprovinglevelofenvironmentalexpertise, facilitatinggoodgovernanceandsustainabledevelopment inWesternBalkan countries. In that sense, for capacity building of staff at public authorities insustainabledevelopment,particularlyenergyefficiencyinthepublicbuildings,managementintherenewableenergysourcesatUniversityofMontenegro-FacultyforMechanicalEngineeringin cooperation with Union of Municipalities of Montenegro two training programmes aredesigned,developedandimplemented.

Key teachers were being retrained at EU universities and they disseminated their newknowledgetocolleagues,sothecapacitiesofUniversityofMontenegroinprovidingtraininginsustainabledevelopmenthavebeensignificantlyimproved.

Strong connection between University of Montenegro and Union of Municipalities ofMontenegro has been established. All these things contributed to creation of the system forcontinuous development of the knowledge, skills and competencies of the staff of publicauthorities.

Aweb-based toolkits as an interactive learningenvironment for trainingofpublic authoritieswasdevelopedduringtheprojectimplementation.

Keywords:Education,EnergyEfficiency,SustainableDevelopment,Tempus,Training


35

TRENDSINSUSTAINABILITYREPORTINGBETWEEN2004-2014BYTHE

FORTUNE250:TURKEYCASE

M.SEBNEMENSARI,MELEKERDIL,HAZALGENC,

NISANTASIUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Inthemillenniumage,companiesaregettingmoreconcernedaboutsustainabilityreportinginordertoovercomesocialandenvironmentaldrawbackscausedbyglobalization.Sustainabilityreports are used as a way of communication tool of companies between them and theirstakeholders. With the rise in influence of the global reporting initiative and its series ofsustainability reporting guidelines, corporate sustainability reports have begun to appearregularlyonthewebsitesofmanyoftheworld’slargestfirms,whenaprintedcopyexistsitisalso available electronically (Morhardt, 2010, p.436). Lately, many academic studies havefocusedonevaluatingtheinterestofthecompaniesbyanalysingtheseelectronicsustainabilityreports of the companies ranked in global fortune 250 and fortune 500 (Rikhardsson et. al.,2002;Kolk,2003; JoseandLee,2007;Kolk,2008;Brownet. al., 2010,KolkandPerego,2010,Junioret.al.,2014).

Thepurposeofthispaperistoidentifytrendinsustainabilityreportingbetween2004and2014of Fortune 250 in Turkey, by analysing their sustainability reports on their web sites. Thisanalysis is important to understand the practices of sustainability reporting in Turkey as noother study is conducted todiscover changing trendswithin the country. To accomplish thisobjective,aliteraturereviewwasperformedalongwithdescriptiveanalysesofthesepracticesforFortune250inTurkey.

Keywords:Sustainability,Trend,Turkey,Fortune250


36

NON-ISOTHERMALMODEL-FREEDIFFERENTIALKINETICSTUDYOFPYROLYSIS

OFWASTEPOLYOLEFINEMIXTURE

KARMINAMITEVA,ALEKSOVSKISLAVCHO,GORDANABOGOEVA-GACEVA,


[email protected]

Abstract:

Thepyrolysis/thermolysisisveryimportantalternativemethodforchemicalrecyclingofwastepolyolefines.Thekineticsofthermaldegradationofplasticwastemustbeanalyzedtoprovidethe apparent kinetic parameters that are useful for optimisation of pyrolysis process.Thermogravimetricanalysis (TGA)providesvaluable information forkineticparameters,suchaspre-exponentialfactorandactivationenergy.

Inthepresentwork,thekineticsofthermalandcatalyticdegradationofmixtureofwasteHDPEand PP over ZSM-5 catalyst was studied using the thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Thedegradation was preformed at five different heating rates (3-20 K/min) under nitrogenatmosphere. The pyrolysis process occurred in an one-step decomposition between 380 and520 oC. The values of kinetic parameters have been obtained in non isothermal conditions,assumingfirstorderreactionkinetic.Model-freedifferentialFriedmanmethod[1,2]isusedtoanalyze non-isothermal solid-state kinetic data from TGA. The average activation energy forthermalandcatalyticdecompositionofwastepolyolefinemixturewascalculatedas180KJ/moland270KJ/molrespectively.

Keywords:PyrolysisPolyolefines,Tga,Kinetics,Non-IsothermalModels,Parameters


37

KINETICSTUDYOFPYROLYSISOFWASTEPOLYOLEFINEMIXTUREUSING

INTEGRALFITTINGKINETICMODEL

KARMINAMITEVA,ALEKSOVSKISLAVCHO,GORDANABOGOEVA-GACEVA,


[email protected]

Abstract:

Pyrolysis converts polymers into liquid, solid and gaseous products as synthetic fuels viathermochemical degradation in the absence of oxygen. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)providesprecisemeasurementanditrepresentsaveryusefultechniqueinevaluationofkineticparametersofpyrolysisprocesses.

In this work, the thermal and catalytic degradation of waste polyolefine mixture and ZSM-5catalystwerestudiedbyusingthermogravimetricanalyzer.TGAanalysisofwastehighdensitypolyethyleneandpolypropylenewastemixturewascarriedoutatfivedifferentheatingrates:3, 5, 7, 10 and 20 K/min, from 30°C to 700°C, under nitrogen atmosphere. The kineticparameters, such as activation energy, pre-exponential factor and reaction order weredeterminedusingCoast-Redfern integral fittingkineticmodel [1,2].The results indicated thatthermaldegradationofpolyolefinemixtureproceededinthetemperaturerangeof420-500°C,whilethethetemperatureintervalforcatalyticdegradationwasdecreasedto380-470°C.Usingthe fittingkineticmethod, thereactionorderofoverallreactionofpyrolysiswas found(n=1);the average activation energy for thermal degradation was 322 KJ/mol and for catalyticdegradationwas260KJ/mol.

Keywords:Polyolefines,Pyrolysis,ThermogravimetricAnalysis,KineticParameters,Coast-RedfernMethod


38

ACADEMICCLIMATEANDLECTURERS’PROFESSIONALDEVELOPMENT

EDITLEZHA,FATMIRVADOHEJ,MEHDIKRONI,ERANDABILALI(HALLUNI)

FACULTYOFEDUCATIONALSCIENCE,UNIVERSITYOFSHKODRA"LUIGJGURAKUQI"[email protected]

Abstract:

Educationandtrainingplayavitalroleinsupportingtheindividualandsocietytoimprovetheirsocial,economicandculturalaspects,aswellasinpromotingthedevelopmentofhumancapital.Moderneducation, schools inparticular,aims tocommunicateknowledge, skillsandbehaviorrequiredbyyoungpeopleinordertobecomefunctionalinsociety.Whendesigningacourse,itis very important to considerwhat andhow the lecturers interactwith students,because theinteraction between the participants has a relevant cost. This study aims to explore lectures’perception about the support that the academic climate offers in training for increasing thequality in their professional development. The research included lecturers at University ofShkodrawhoteachattheDepartmentofEducationatthebachelorandattheMaster'sDegreelevelprofessionalandSciences.Dataanalysis fromthesessionsof focusgroupsevidencedthenecessity for more frequent training for modern teaching methods which evidenced anincreasing number of beneficiaries lecturers ,the need for exchange of lecturers not onlybetween institutions of higher education within the country, but also with neighboringcountrieswithwesternuniversities,ortheperiodicorganizationofworkshopsasanimperativetoimprovethequalityofeducationofprospectiveteachers.Presentationofinteractiveteaching,interaction act, dynamic, flexible and open not only between lecturers and student, but alsobetweenthestudentsthemselves,whereeveryonehastherighttomakedecisionsandchooserolesthatsuitisoneofthefocusesofthisstudy.

Keywords:AcademicClimate,FocusGroup,Interactive,Lecturer,ProfessionalDevelopment.


39

DIFFERENTASPECTSOFENTREPRENEURSHIPCULTURE,CHALLENGING

ATTITUDES,ANDTHEREPUTATIONOFOWNINGABUSINESSDEPENDINGON

THEREASONSOFINVOLVINGINTOABUSINESS

KWANGSEONHWANG

KOREAINSTITUTEOFS&AMP;TEVALUATIONANDPLANNING

[email protected]

Abstract:

This paper examines the different aspects of entrepreneurship culture, challenging attitudes,andthereputationofowningabusinessdependingontworeasonsofinvolvingintoabusiness:take advantage of business opportunity or no better choices for work. The Adult PopulationSurvey(APS)data,whichispopularstatisticsofscienceandinnovation,wereused.Thesurveymeasuresthelevelandnatureof“entrepreneurialactivity”aroundtheworldandisprovidedbyGlobalEntrepreneurshipmonitor(GEM).Thestudywillshowhowtwogroups(oneisagroupwhoareinvolvedinabusinesstotakeadvantageofabusinessopportunity;theothersaretheonewhohavenobetterchoicesforwork)havedifferentrecognitionsontheentrepreneurshipculture, challenging attitudes, and the reputation of owning a business from a comparativeperspective of USA, UK, Germany, Singapore, Japan, and South Korea. These countries arerankedhighlyinaGlobalInnovationIndexin2015.Discussionsandimplicationsarefollowed.

Keywords:Entrepreneurship,Business,Gem


40

INVESTIGATIONOFTHECURTAINWALLANGLEANDTHERMAL

PERFORMANCERELATION

KUBRAHAYDARASLAN,NESEDIKMEN

SULEYMANDEMIRELUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Abstract: -A largeportionofheat loss in structures is causedby transparent surfaces. Inhotclimates, such surfaces also cause excessive heat accumulation. Therefore, completelytransparentcurtainwallsplayasignificantroleincalculationoftheheatingandcoolingloadsofstructures.Thisstudywasconductedtoresearchtherelationbetweentheanglesformedbythecurtainwallandbestructure'sfloorandthestructure'senergyperformance.Forthispurpose,abuildingmodelwasmade using the Design Builder simulation software. Heating and coolingloadswerecalculated forangles90°,100°,110°,120°and130°between thecurtainwallandthebuildingfloor.Accordingtothedataobtained,thestructure'sannualheatingloadincreasesand its cooling load decreases as the angle between the wall and the ground decreases.Controlled use of solar light and monitoring of such during the design stage are importantfactorsinprovisionofoptimalenergyconsumption.

Keywords:CurtainWall,ThermalPerformance,FacadeAngle


41

MANAGEMENTSTATUS:WATERQUALITYANDECOLOGICALDYNAMICSOFA

DAMLAKE

DIDEMGOKCE

LIMNOLOGYRESEARCHLABORATORY,DEPARTMENTOFBIOLOGY,FACULTYOFARTSANDSCIENCE,INONUUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

InKarakayaDamLake, on theupperEuphratesRiver, freshwater flux through thedam lakestakes place through amain channel. Aim of water qualitymonitoring andmanagement is todefine the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of natural waters. Water qualitymonitoring isusedtodetermine important features.These featuresarephysicalandchemicalcharacteristics ofwater for aperiodof time, and changes in theproperties ofwater over thecourse of time for multiple monitoring cases. Properties of water such as temperature, pH,dissolvedoxygen,andtheconcentrationofnitratesandphosphatesareimportantindicatorsofthewaterquality.

The results of the comparison made between water quality and phytoplankton communitystructure in this studymaybeused for long-termsustainablewater resourcemonitoringandmanagement.Biologicalassessmentdataareimportantformeasuringtheattainmentofwaterquality standards tomanagement the basin of KarakayaDamLake in the future. Data of thisstudy is important to provide a conceptual framework for monitoring the progress inaccordancewithwaterpolicyobjectivesataninternationalscaleinthebasinoftransboundaryupperEuphratesRiver.Phosphorus,nitrogenandchlorophyll levelsdeterminedwaterqualityandtrophicstatus.EspeciallyCyanobacteriaabundanceinthephytoplanktoncompositionisanimportant for trophic level. By comparing these phytoplankton trends with othermeasurements, such as temperature, further studies can be conducted about howphytoplanktonmaybecontributingto,andaffectedbyclimaticandenvironmentalchanges.

Inconclusion,phytoplanktonisincreasinglyusedtomonitortheecologicalqualityandhealthofthewater environment, and also tomeasure the effectiveness ofmanagement or restorationprogrammes,orregulatoryactions.

Keywords:WaterQuality,Indicator,Phytoplankton,Trophy,Karakaya,Turkey


42

SUSTAINABILITYAWARENESSONCAMPUS:THECASEOFMARMARA

UNIVERSITY

EBRUCAGLAYANAKAY,REFIKABAKOGLU,IREMSACAKLISACILDI,BERRINKURSUN

MARMARAUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Sustainability approaches and practices which are commonly used by textiles, apparel,agriculture, electronics industries are started to be used in high education sector too. In theworld and our country, some practices are rapidly spreading, aiming to establish sustainablecampuses to contribute sustainable development. The universities aim to increase usage ofenvironmentally friendly, energy-saving methods, to give better service to all academics,university students, graduatesandcreateenvironmentalandsocial awareness in society. It isveryimportantthatuniversitiescontributetosustainabilitybecausetheyhaveapioneeringroleinraisingawarenessaboutsustainabilityinsociety,causingperceptualandbehavioralchange,formation of a more sustainable society and creation of new sustainability applications andmethods. Universities have the mission to be an example for other institutions. Also, it isexpectedthatuniversities’sustainabilitypracticestoleadthegraduates,studentsandstafftobemoreresponsibletosocialandenvironmentalissuesandcontributetosustainabledevelopmentoftheirowncountriesandincreasesocietyawarenessinthelongterm.

Universitiespayattentiontosustainability,aimtoimprovetheirsustainabilitypracticesyearbyyear,andtomeasuresustainabilityandsustainabilityawarenessoftheirstudentsandstaff. Inordertomeasuretheleveloftheirsustainabilitypractices,someofuniversitiescreatetheirownsustainabilitymeasurement tools while some of them use the other tools. Themeasurementtoolsplayanimportantroleinspreadingsustainabilityawarenessfirstlyatuniversitylevelandthen,atthesocietylevel.

Research about measuring the sustainability at/on university/campus, are at its early stages in ourcountry. This paper being part of the scientific research project supported by Marmara Universityscientific research committee (Project number: SOS-A-100615-0292) with the main purpose ofdeveloping the firstmeasurement tool for sustainability awareness at higher education institutions inTurkey, aims to analyze and compare the sustainability and sustainability awareness literature andapplication at universities in general and in Turkey. Through the paper, all sustainability awarenessmeasurementtools,whichareusedbyuniversitiesandotherassociationsinliterature,willbeexamined,and the similarities anddifferencesbetweenmeasurement toolswill bepointedout.Thiswork canbeseenasaleverageforfuturesustainabilitystudiesatTurkishuniversitiesandcancontributetodevelopnewmeasurementtoolsthatarecompatiblewithTurkishuniversities.

Keywords:Sustainability,SustainabilityAwareness,Universities


43

MPOWERR(Raisa)MEASUREMENTOFTHEEFFECTSOFPOLICYSHIFTSON

TOBACCOUSEOFTHESMOKER

MUMINPOLAT,SERKANKOKSOY

MEHMETAKIFERSOYUNIVERSITYHEALTHOFSCHOOL

[email protected]

Abstract:

IntroductionandBackgroundChemicalfoundintobaccoandtobaccosmoke,andcarcinogenicsubstancesadverselyaffectsonhumanhealth in theworldandour country'smost importantandpreventablepublichealthproblemisoneof.In2008,theWorldHealthOrganizationbyMP.O.W.E.Rthetobaccoepidemiccanbecontrolledwith6inthepackagepolicieswillbecomeandcanreducethedeathscausedbyhasbeenclaimed.Inthisstudy,theincreaseincigarettepricescausesoftobaccouseandwhetherornotitisopentoputtinginorder,intheprovinceofBurdurUniversitystudentssmokingandopenrelationshipwiththeeconomicstatusoftobaccouse.

Allquestionshavebeencreatedbytheauthors.Ethicscommitteeapprovalwasobtainedforthestudy. Statistical evaluations aremade usingMinitab 17.0. The Pearson Chi-square testwascarriedout.

The number of people participating in a voluntary survey, 1.736. Respondents, male gender41.15% (n = 877) 58.85% (n = 1254) was the woman. Tobacco and tobacco products,individualsusecase(n=695)32.61%respectively. Bannersofnon-useof24.40%(n=520),outdoortobaccouse8.21%(n=175),monthlyincome,44.92%ofpeoplewhousetobaccoopen(n=82)showednomarkedrate.

Outdoortobacco’spricearebeingextremelyeconomicalwithrespecttobannerscigarette.Asaresult of the increase in the price of cigarettes to outdoor tobacco use may have to slip.Therefore, the increase in the price of cigarettes smoking is useful to fight with, but in ourcountry, the number of tobacco-selling establishments open to uncontrolled increase in thelikelihoodthatthepeoplewhouseoutdoortobaccowithnonslipwillincrease."

Keywords:MPower,Cigarette,OutdoorTobacco,UniversityStudents,PublicHealth.


44

SYNTHETICCANNABINOIDS

MUMINPOLAT,SERKANKOKSOY

MEHMETAKIFERSOYUNIVERSITYHEALTHOFSCHOOL

[email protected]

Abstract:

IntroductionSyntheticcannabinoids,cannabissativaandcannabisindicaplantssuchasadenseamount�9-tetrahydrocannabinolthatiscreatedasaresultofanaddictivesubstancesprayedon some plants. Knownworldwidewith names like "spice", “K2,” “fakeweed,” “bliss,” “blackMamba,” “Bombay Blue,” “Genie,” “Zohai,” “Yucatan Fire,” “Skunk,” and “moon rocks”. In ourcountrymost well-known bonzai if it is a synthetic cannabinoid. The aim of research in ourcountry intermsofbrandawareness intermsofbonzaiofsyntheticcannabinoidsandcollegestudents to evaluate.ThecentralcampusoftheUniversityintheselectionuniverseofourstudy(n=2591)hasbeenrecognizedas.Thestudyoftheuniverseasaresultofthedesignatedwork82.25%wasreached.All the questions were created by the authors. Research ethics committee approval wereobtained.2.131thenumberofpeoplewhojointhesurveyonavoluntarybasis.Thegenderdistributionofthe participants %41.15% male (n=877), % % 58.85 (n=1.254) were female. Do you haveinformation about synthetic cannabinoid? Question %3.33 (n = 71) Yes the person, %96.67(n:2.060) gave no response (Chi square:1,856) and p<0.05. Do you have information aboutbonzai?Question%90,61(n:1.931)%yes%9.39(n=200)aremarkedatarateofnoresponse(Chisquare:1,406)andp<0.05wasfound.

Thedefinitionofsyntheticcannabinoidscientificallylessknownamongstudents,whilethehighawareness of the brand name that is bonzai has emerged in our research. More commonlyknown as the cause of bonzai in social media, your brand name is often pronounced innewspapersandonthetelevisionscreenscanbeshowntobe.Thebrandwillalsoincreasedueto increase in the recognitionof thisbrandand theprohibitionof theuseof thewordbonzaiinterest in social media, in newspapers and on the television screens the restriction isrecommended.

Keywords:Bonzai,SyntheticCannabinoid,UniversityStudents,Awareness


45

ANARTIFICIALNEURALNETWORKAPPROACHTOPREDICTHIGHERHEATING

VALUEOFWASTEFRYINGOILS

UGUROZVEREN

MARMARAUNIVERSITY/ENGINEERINGFACULTY

[email protected]

Abstract:

The usage of waste frying oils in biodiesel production has recently been of great concernbecauseoftheenvironmentalandeconomicalbenefits. Inthisstudy,therelationshipbetweenthephysicochemicalpropertiesofwaste fryingoilsamples(WFOS)andtheirHHVshavebeeninvestigatedusing an artificial neural network (ANN).TheANNapproachwas also comparedusing the published correlations for the HHV estimation. A wide range of oil samples wereincluded to observe the trustworthiness of the estimated HHVs. The approach offers a highdegree of correlation and thereby establishes its versatility. Themajor advantage of using anANN approach is its capability to compute the HHV of anyWFOS from the physicochemicalpropertiesoftheWFOS,andasaresult,theANNprovidesanusefultooltodesignandoperateanyfuelprocessingforbiodiesel.

Keywords:HigherHeatingValue,WasteFryingOil,ArtificialNeuralNetwork,PhysicochemicalProperties


46

ESTIMATIONOFGROSSCALORIFICVALUEOFCOALFROMITSPROXIMATE

ANALYSISUSINGNON-LINEARREGRESSIONANALYSIS

UGUROZVEREN

MARMARAUNIVERSITY/ENGINEERINGFACULTY

[email protected]

Abstract:

The gross calorific value (GCV) is an important property defining the energy content of coal.Thereexistsavarietyofcorrelationsfortheestimationofcoalcalorificvaluebasedonultimateanalysis.However,theultimateanalysis isexpensiveandneedsspecial instrument.Therefore,in this study, the relationshipbetween theproximateanalysisof coal samplesand theirGCVshave been investigated using a multivariate non-linear regression analysis. A high degree ofcorrelationbetweenactualandpredictedGCVswasobserved.Thenon-linearregressionmodelwas also compared with the published correlations. The proposed in this study is highlypromising for use in designing and operating of thermolysis process and offers capability tocomputeGCVofanycoalsamplesfromitsproximateanalysis.

Keywords:GrossCalorificValue,Coal,Non-LinearRegression,ProximateAnalysis


47

RECOGNITIONTHESPEAKERIDENTITYBYMEANSOFARTIFICIALNEURAL

NETWORK

YASINAKMAN

SELCUKUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Theaimofthispaper,workistoinvestigatethealgorithmsofspeechrecognition.Theauthors,programmed and simulated the designed systems for algorithms of speech recognition inMATLAB.Tenspeakeraudiorecordingismadewithinthescopeofthepaper.Thevoicesignalgeneratedfrom10differentpeople(6malesand4females).Wavepadprogramwasmadepre-treatmentandcleaningofnoise.AudioprocessingwascarriedoutwithMATLABprogram.WegeneratedtheuseabledatafromthisvoicesignalswiththehelpofaMatlabSimulinkmodel.Weuse this data as an input signal forMatlab program based neural network. Voice signals areprocessedwithartificialneuralnetworks(ANN)classificationprocessand10differentspeakervoicerecognitionprocesswascarriedout.

Keywords:ANN,SpeakerIdentity,NeuralNetwork


48

EMBEDDEDNESSOFSUSTAINABILITYINSUSTAINABLILITYFOCUSEDBRITISH

UNIVERSITIES

SOLOMONCHUKWUEMEKAUGBAJA1,REFIKABAKOGLU2

1DEPARTMENTOFBUSINESSADMINISTRATION,OKANUNIVERSITY

2FACULTYOFBUSINESSADMINISTRATION,MARMARAUNIVERSITY

[email protected]

Abstract:

Sustainabledevelopment(SD)hasbecomeincreasinglyevidentduringthelastdecades.Universitiesbeingtheintegralpartoftheglobaleconomyandsincetheypreparemostoftheprofessionals,whodevelop,manageandteach insociety’spublic,privateandnon-governmental institutions, theyareuniquely positioned to influence the direction of a sustainable society. Consequently, as majorcontributors to the values, health and wellbeing of society, universities has a fundamentalresponsibilitytoteach,trainandresearchforsustainability.Thisdevelopmentisessential,asfutureprofessionalswillbeworkinggloballywithcompaniesthatincreasinglyhavesustainabilityontheiragenda. This development puts high demands on universities to embed sustainability into themanagement practices of their institutions so that this intelligence permeates all activities as auniversityidentity.

Theaimofthisstudyistoobserveandevaluatemanagementpracticestowardstheembeddednessof sustainability inEuropeanuniversities. It is intendedby this researchusing content analysisofuniversities’websitesandsustainabilityannualreports toobserveuniversitiesembeddednessandmanagement practices related to sustainability. The main question of the study is: How aremanagement systems/practices embedding sustainability in sustainability focused Britishuniversities as far as CORE system (curriculum, operations, research, and engagement) isconsidered? The employed research methodology mainly relies on content analysis of selecteduniversitiesintheUKfromtheUIGreenMetricSustainableUniversityassessmentandrankingindex.TheUIGreenMetricSusataibleUniversityassessmentandrankingisselectedsinceitconsiderstheOperations,Curriculum,ResearchandEnagagements(COREsystem)ofuniversitieswithindicatorssuch as Setting and Infrastructure, Energy andClimateChange,Waste,Water, Transportation andEducation.Thiscoversthetriplebottomlineofsustainability(Environment,EconomyandSociety)whichother indexes likeGASU,AISHE:STAR,ESMandothers, focusedmostlyonoperational eco-efficiency. The secondary data gathered in this research has been used for developing researchvariables and conceptual framework of the research. The sample of the study is selected fromseventeen(17)sustainableuniversitiesintheUKrankedbyUIGreenMetric.Thetotalpopulationofthe study observed and evaluated in this study are Five (5) top Sustainable Universities in UKaccordingtoUIGreenMetricsustainableranking.Descriptivedataanalysis involvesthecalculationofpercentagedistribution.Thedataanalysisusedinthisresearchstudyinvolvesusingpercentagetable and diagram to describe the commonManagement Practices towards the embeddedness ofsustainabilityintheselecteduniversities.

Keywords:BritishUniversities,Embeddedness,ManagamentPractices,Sustainability


49

SIMULATIONOFBIOGASCOUNTERFLOWDIFFUSIONFLAMEUNDERSEVERAL

OPERATIONCONDITIONS

MAMERIABDELBAKI1,TABETFOUZI2,HADEFAMMAR1

1DEPMECANIQUEFSSAUNIVERSITÉLARBIBENMHIDIOUMELBOUAGHIALGERIE22DBFZ(DEUTSCHESBIOMASSEFORSCHUNGSZENTRUMGEMEINNUTZIGEGMBH),

TORGAUERSTRAßE116D-04347LEIPZIG,GERMANY

[email protected]

Abstract:

This study addresses the influence of several operating conditions (composition and ambientpressure) on biogas diffusion flame structure and NO emissionswith particular attention onchemical and thermal effect of CO2. The biogas flame ismodeled by a counter flowdiffusionflame and analyzed in mixture fraction space using flamelet approach. The GRI Mech-3.0mechanismthatinvolves53speciesand325reactionsisadoptedfortheoxidationchemistry.

It has been observed that flame properties are very sensitive to biogas composition andpressure. CO2 addition decreases flame temperature, mass fraction of chain carrier radicals(O,HandOH)and indexNOemission.AddedCO2mayparticipate inchemicalreactiondue tothermal dissociation; excessively supplied CO2 plays the role of pure diluent. Pressure risereduces flame thickness, radiation losses and dissociation amount. At high pressure,recombination reactions coupled with chain carrier radicals reduction, diminishes NO massfraction.

Keywords:Biogas,NonPremixedLaminarFlame,FlameleteModel,PressureEffects


50

SOCIALDIMENSIONOFREVITALIZATIONANDITSROLEINTHELOCAL

SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT:CASEOFPOLAND

LESZEKCICHOBŁAZIŃSKI,ANNASŁOCIŃSKA

CZĘSTOCHOWAUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY

[email protected]

Abstract:

The aim of the study is to identify the role of revitalization and its social dimensions in thesustainable local development. In the theoretical part the author will make an attempt todescribe characteristic of the issues of sustainable development, local governance andrevitalization of urban and postindustrial regions. It should be emphasized that the issue ofsustainable development and revitalization come together in the area of local managementpractices. Local development-oriented management concerns not only the material andeconomicrealmbutalsothesocialone.Localdevelopmentisinfactconnectedwithagrowthofliving standards, the levelof satisfactionof theirneedsand thegenerallyperceivedqualityoflife. It is a long-term process and in order tomake it sustainable, itmust fulfill the strategicplans adopted for the area. The empirical partwill be based on the analysis of two separateresearch: carried out as a part of a revitalization program in the city of Czestochowa andrevitalizationactivities’casestudiesinchosenPolishcities..

Keywords:Revitalization,LocalSustainableDevelopment,LocalManagement

ISBN: 978-605-66262-1-0

Organized by - ICSD · SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Prof. Dr. Abdülhamit Şubaşı. International Burch...

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