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Organizational Development

Prof. Rushen Chahal

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Being in Lab..

Before

Task present

Content present

Instruction clear

Structured

External context

Ground under my feet

During

Work not task-like

Content less & less

Instruction vague

Unstructured

Immediate context

Sense of drifting away

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Being in Lab..

Before

Boss present

Performance

Incentives

Image

Recollection

Then & There

During

Facilitator

Being

Inner need

Reality

Present Experience

Here & Now

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Process Skills Laboratory

Learnings

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How does the PSL experienceconnect with OD ?

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PSL and OD

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PSL OD Took a lot of time

Authority different

Me & Others New insights

Different feelings +/-

Unusual settings

Informal Relaxed ego defences (?)

Open / ambiguous

Roles for focus

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PSL OD Took a lot of time

Me & Others

New insights Different feelings +/-

Unusual settings

Informal

Relaxed ego defences (?) Open / ambiguous

Roles for focus

In orgns., people are ontheir guard also

The work role is thecommon factor

People get set in theirways

Change is difficult

Authority evaluates - wecant be free

Strangers are strange whats their real agenda ?

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OD Facilitators (you) Have to be patient

Work with difficult feelings

Awkwardness

Inadequate trust, distrust, competitiveness

Confusion about objectives

Frustration

Suspicions about authority, incl. Facilitators

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OD Facilitators (you) Have to win participants trust

Help them lower their ego defences with

you AND one another

Feel comfortable to examine themselves

without fear of judgement/evaluation.

Get their commitment to the intervention

Develop an emotional stake in change

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For this, OD Facilitators have to Be able to connect with others at the level of

feelings

Be in touch with his/her own feelings andvulnerability

See oneself as human, not perfect or complete

See others as human, therefore its OK that theyre

not perfect or complete Be willing to both change & grow oneself & help

others change & grow

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Known To Self Unknown to Self

GROUP IS

CONSCIOUS OF

THIS AREA ONLY

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Known toKnown to

ALLALL

NOT Known to ALLNOT Known to ALL

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Authority

An important concept in OD work is authorityand how it is exercised.

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Authority We generally regard authority as official

authority (eg. XIM authorities, police

authorities, sports authorities, etc.) However, in OD work, the concept of

authority is more fundamental.

It refers to a feeling of legitimateempowerment present in individuals andgroups.

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For example

A boss in an organisation may actually have

a very weak sense of authority because ofhis personal self-image, or his image of his

company.

Hence, in effect, his formal authority countsfor little.

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For example A telephone operator who has a good

personality, feels close to all her colleagues

as she networks with them on the phone,

has little formal authority.

But she may have great personal authority,

enjoys huge goodwill, and acts as abarometer of organisational mood.

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Authority in OD

IN OD work, we have two roles that

capture the exercise of authority in groups.

These are

(a) Participating

and(b) Facilitating

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AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

PA

RTIC

IPA

TIN

G

Ax

is

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

F

A C I L I T A T I N G Axis

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

FA C I L I T A T I N G Axis

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

Nazi soldier,Mob participant,

Sycophant

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

Nazi soldier,

Mob participant,

Sycophant

Dictators,

Immigrants

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

Nazi soldier,

Mob participant,

Sycophant

Dictators,

Immigrants

Losers,

Cynics

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

Nazi soldier,

Mob participant,

Sycophant

Dictators,

Immigrants

Losers,

Cynics

Genuine Participation

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

Genuine Participation

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AUTHORITY inside Me

Genuine Participation

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AUTHORITY inside Me

GOOD

Participation

GENUINE

Participation

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

Genuine Participation

GOOD Facilitation

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AUTHORITY not

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside my Group

AUTHORITY

inside Me

AUTHORITY not

inside Me

Genuine Participation

GOOD Facilitation

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