Organization of the ll, front and medial sides of thigh
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Transcript of Organization of the ll, front and medial sides of thigh
ObjectivesObjectives
Organization of the lower limbOrganization of the lower limb
Bony featuresBony features
Front of the thighFront of the thigh
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Medial side of the thighMedial side of the thigh
Femoral triangleFemoral triangle
Adductor canal Adductor canal
OverviewOverview
It is connected to the axial skeleton It is connected to the axial skeleton
by a by a sacroiliac joint sacroiliac joint and its and its ligamentsligaments..
It is divided into:It is divided into:
The The glutealgluteal regionregion
Organization of the Lower LimbOrganization of the Lower Limb
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
The The glutealgluteal regionregion
The thighThe thigh
The legThe leg
The footThe foot
Organization of the Lower LimbOrganization of the Lower Limb Important landmarks in the lower limb:Important landmarks in the lower limb:
The femoral triangleThe femoral triangle
The The poplitealpopliteal fossafossa
The The posteromedialposteromedial aspect of the ankle aspect of the ankle
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
The The posteromedialposteromedial aspect of the ankle aspect of the ankle
jointjoint
Function Function Support body weight:Support body weight:
The center of gravity is:The center of gravity is:
Anterior to the edge of the SAnterior to the edge of the S2 2 vertebra in the pelvisvertebra in the pelvis
Slightly posterior to the hip jointsSlightly posterior to the hip joints
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Slightly posterior to the hip jointsSlightly posterior to the hip joints
Anterior to the knee jointAnterior to the knee joint
Anterior to the ankle jointAnterior to the ankle joint
The ligaments are tight and joints The ligaments are tight and joints are well supportedare well supported
Function Function Locomotion:Locomotion:
Flexion and extension at hip jointFlexion and extension at hip joint
Abduction and adduction at hip jointAbduction and adduction at hip joint
Internal and external rotation of the hip jointInternal and external rotation of the hip joint
Flexion and extension at the knee jointFlexion and extension at the knee joint
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Flexion and extension at the knee jointFlexion and extension at the knee joint
Plantar flexion and Plantar flexion and dorsiflexiondorsiflexion at the ankle at the ankle jointjoint
Inversion and Inversion and eversioneversion at the at the subtalarsubtalar jointjoint
ThighThigh
Compartments of the ThighCompartments of the Thigh FemurFemur Skin, superficial fascia and Skin, superficial fascia and
deep fasciadeep fascia Medial Medial intermuscularintermuscular septumseptum Lateral Lateral intermuscularintermuscular septumseptum
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Posterior Posterior intermuscularintermuscularseptumseptum
Anterior compartmentAnterior compartment Medial compartmentMedial compartment Posterior compartmentPosterior compartment
Boney FeaturesBoney Features
Hip BoneHip Bone AcetabulumAcetabulum Anterior superior iliac spineAnterior superior iliac spine Anterior inferior iliac spineAnterior inferior iliac spine ObturatorObturator foramenforamen Body of pubic boneBody of pubic bone
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Body of pubic boneBody of pubic bone Pubic crestPubic crest Pubic tuberclePubic tubercle Superior pubic Superior pubic ramusramus
((pectinealpectineal surface)surface) Inferior pubic Inferior pubic ramusramus
FemureFemure IntertrochantericIntertrochanteric lineline Anterior surface of body of Anterior surface of body of
femurefemure Greater Greater trochantertrochanter Lesser Lesser trochantertrochanter
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Lesser Lesser trochantertrochanter IntertrochantericIntertrochanteric crestcrest PectinealPectineal lineline Linea Linea asperaaspera Medial Medial surachondylarsurachondylar lineline Adductor tubercleAdductor tubercle
TibiaTibia TibialTibial tuberositytuberosity Anterior border (shin of tibia)Anterior border (shin of tibia) Medial surface of tibiaMedial surface of tibia
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Anterior CompartmentAnterior Compartment
Anterior Compartment Anterior Compartment Muscles:Muscles:
SartoriusSartorius IliopsoasIliopsoas PectineusPectineus Quadriceps Quadriceps
Region:Region:
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Region:Region: Femoral triangleFemoral triangle
Contents:Contents: Femoral nerveFemoral nerve Femoral arteryFemoral artery Femoral veinFemoral vein Femoral LNFemoral LN
Sartorius Sartorius Strap like muscle.Strap like muscle. Divides front of thigh into upper Divides front of thigh into upper
medial and lower lateral partsmedial and lower lateral parts Origin: Origin:
ASIS.ASIS.
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Insertion: Insertion: Upper part of medial surface of tibia.Upper part of medial surface of tibia.
Nerve supply: Nerve supply: Femoral nerve.Femoral nerve.
Action: Action: Flexes both hip and knee joints.Flexes both hip and knee joints.
IliopsoasIliopsoas Origin:Origin:
IliacusIliacus iiliac liac fossafossa of hip boneof hip bone PsoasPsoas majormajor Transverse processes, Transverse processes,
bodies, and bodies, and intervertebralintervertebral discs (Tdiscs (T12 12 ––LL55) )
Insertion:Insertion:
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Insertion:Insertion: Into lesser Into lesser trochantertrochanter of femur. of femur.
Nerve supply:Nerve supply: Femoral nerve. Femoral nerve.
Action:Action: Flexes thigh on trunk.Flexes thigh on trunk. Flexes trunk on thigh (sitting, leaning). Flexes trunk on thigh (sitting, leaning).
PectineusPectineus Origin:Origin:
Superior Superior ramusramus of pubis of pubis
Insertion:Insertion: Upper end of Upper end of linealinea asperaaspera of shaft of of shaft of
femur femur
Nerve supply:Nerve supply:
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Nerve supply:Nerve supply: Femoral nerve. Femoral nerve.
Action:Action: Flexes and adducts thigh at hip joint Flexes and adducts thigh at hip joint
Quadriceps – Rectus FemorisQuadriceps – Rectus Femoris Origin:Origin:
Straight head Straight head AIISAIIS Reflected head Reflected head iliumilium just superior to the just superior to the
acetabulumacetabulum
Insertion: Insertion: Quadriceps Quadriceps femorisfemoris tendon tendon patella patella
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Quadriceps Quadriceps femorisfemoris tendon tendon patella patella ligamentumligamentum patellae patellae tibialtibial tuberositytuberosity
Nerve supply:Nerve supply: Femoral nerveFemoral nerve
Action:Action: Flexes the thigh at the hip joint Flexes the thigh at the hip joint Extends the leg at the knee jointExtends the leg at the knee joint
Quadriceps – VastiQuadriceps – Vasti Origin:Origin:
VastusVastus medialismedialis Upper end and shaft of femurUpper end and shaft of femur VastusVastus lateralislateralis Upper end and shaft of Upper end and shaft of
femurfemur VastusVastus intermediusintermedius anterior and lateral anterior and lateral
surfaces of femursurfaces of femurInsertion: Insertion:
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Insertion: Insertion: Quadriceps Quadriceps femorisfemoris tendon tendon patella patella
ligamentumligamentum patellae patellae tibialtibial tuberositytuberosity Nerve Nerve supply:supply:
Femoral nerveFemoral nerve Action:Action:
Extends the leg at the knee jointExtends the leg at the knee joint
Medial CompartmentMedial Compartment
Medial Compartment Medial Compartment Muscles:Muscles:
PectineusPectineus Adductor Adductor longuslongus GracilisGracilis Adductor Adductor brevisbrevis Adductor Adductor magnusmagnus
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Adductor Adductor magnusmagnus ObturatorObturator externusexternus
Region:Region: Adductor canal Adductor canal
Contents:Contents: Femoral artery and veinFemoral artery and vein SaphenousSaphenous nervenerve Nerve to Nerve to vastusvastus medialismedialis
GracilisGracilis Origin:Origin:
Inferior Inferior ramusramus of pubis, of pubis, ramusramus of of ischiumischium
Insertion: Insertion: Upper part of medial surface of shaft of tibiaUpper part of medial surface of shaft of tibia
Nerve supply:Nerve supply:
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
ObturatorObturator nervenerve
Action:Action: Adducts thigh at hip jointAdducts thigh at hip joint Flexes leg at knee jointFlexes leg at knee joint
Adductor LongusAdductor Longus Origin:Origin:
Body of pubis, medial to pubic tubercleBody of pubis, medial to pubic tubercle
Insertion: Insertion: Posterior surface of shaft of femur Posterior surface of shaft of femur
Nerve supply:Nerve supply:
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
ObturatorObturator nervenerve
Action:Action: Adducts thigh at hip jointAdducts thigh at hip joint Lateral rotation of the thigh Lateral rotation of the thigh
Adductor BrevisAdductor Brevis Origin:Origin:
Inferior Inferior ramusramus of pubisof pubis
Insertion: Insertion: Posterior surface of shaft of femur Posterior surface of shaft of femur
Nerve supply:Nerve supply:
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
ObturatorObturator nervenerve
Action:Action: Adducts thigh at hip jointAdducts thigh at hip joint Lateral rotation of the thigh Lateral rotation of the thigh
Adductor MagnusAdductor Magnus Origin:Origin:
Inferior Inferior ramusramus of pubis, of pubis, ramusramus of of ischiumischium, , ischialischialtuberositytuberosity
Insertion: Insertion: Pubic part Pubic part Posterior surface of shaft of femur Posterior surface of shaft of femur
IschialIschial part part Adductor tubercle of the femurAdductor tubercle of the femur
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
IschialIschial part part Adductor tubercle of the femurAdductor tubercle of the femur
Nerve supply:Nerve supply: Pubic part Pubic part ObturatorObturator nervenerve IschialIschial part part Sciatic nerveSciatic nerve
Action:Action: Pubic part Pubic part Adducts and laterally rotate thighAdducts and laterally rotate thigh IschialIschial part part Extends hip and flexes kneeExtends hip and flexes knee
Obturator ExternusObturator Externus Origin:Origin:
Outer surface of Outer surface of obturatorobturator membrane membrane and pubic and and pubic and ischialischial ramirami
Insertion: Insertion: Medial surface of greater Medial surface of greater trochantertrochanter
Nerve supply:Nerve supply:
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Nerve supply:Nerve supply: ObturatorObturator nervenerve
Action:Action: Laterally rotates thighLaterally rotates thigh
Femoral TriangleAdductor CanalFemoral TriangleAdductor CanalAdductor CanalAdductor Canal
Femoral TriangleFemoral Triangle Site:Site:
Triangular depressed areaTriangular depressed area At the upper part of the medial At the upper part of the medial
aspect of the thighaspect of the thigh
Boundaries: Boundaries: Superiorly:Superiorly: The inguinal ligamentThe inguinal ligament
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Superiorly:Superiorly: The inguinal ligamentThe inguinal ligament Laterally:Laterally: The The sartoriussartorius musclemuscle Medially:Medially: The adductor The adductor longuslongus musclemuscle
Floor:Floor: IliopsoasIliopsoas PectineusPectineus Adductor Adductor longuslongus
Femoral TriangleFemoral Triangle Contents:Contents:
Femoral nerve and its branchesFemoral nerve and its branches Femoral sheath containing:Femoral sheath containing:
Femoral artery and its Femoral artery and its branchesbranches
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
branchesbranches Femoral vein and its Femoral vein and its
tributariestributaries Femoral canal Femoral canal Femoral LNFemoral LN
Adductor CanalAdductor Canal Site:Site:
Lies on the medial aspect of the middle Lies on the medial aspect of the middle third of the thigh beneath the third of the thigh beneath the sartoriussartorius musclemuscle
Boundaries: Boundaries: Superiorly:Superiorly: the apex of the femoral the apex of the femoral
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Superiorly:Superiorly: the apex of the femoral the apex of the femoral triangle triangle
Inferiorly:Inferiorly: the opening in the adductor the opening in the adductor magnusmagnus
PosteriorlyPosteriorly:: The adductor The adductor longuslongus and and adductor adductor magnusmagnus
Laterally: Laterally: VastusVastus medialismedialis Roof: Roof: Fascia and Fascia and sartoriussartorius
Adductor CanalAdductor Canal Contents:Contents:
The terminal part of the femoral arteryThe terminal part of the femoral artery
The terminal part of the femoral veinThe terminal part of the femoral vein
The deep lymph vesselsThe deep lymph vessels
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
The The saphenoussaphenous nervenerve
The nerve to the The nerve to the vastusvastus medialismedialis
The terminal part of the The terminal part of the obturatorobturator nervenerve
For more details please go back to any text bookFor more details please go back to any text book
Dr Dalia Dr Dalia SalehSaleh
Dr. Dalia Saleh (Anatomy Dept)
Dr Dalia Dr Dalia SalehSaleh