Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004.. Family and Community Health Area Child and Adolescent...

Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004

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Family and Community Health AreaChild and Adolescent Health Unit


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The role of the family incommunity-based initiativesto meet the MillenniumDevelopment Goals– The potential of JCIs

2004 JCI-UN Leadership Summit

New York, NY


International summits and

resolutions The family should receive comprehensive protection and

support

Recognition of families and other local actors as key players in health promotion

Reorientation of health services to include a family focus

Policies and laws that support and contribute to family’s rights, stability and equality

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)


Foundations of a family

health approach

Family, a setting where:

– Culture, values, and norms of society are first molded

– Health behavior and decisions are first established

– Families and communities that are empowered show increased awareness and higher demand for quality health services

– Social support networks are established at the community level, workplace, and through social and religious groups


MDG Goal 4

Target 5

Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate


PAHOFamily andCommunity

HealthArea (FCH)

Neonates

Infants

Children

Adolescents

Young Adults

Adults

Th

e E

lder

ly

MDG 6:

Combat HIV/AIDS,

Malaria& other Diseases

MDG 5:Improve Maternal

Health

MDG 4:Reduce Child

Mortality

Pregnancies

MDG 1:Eradicate

Extreme Poverty & Hunger

3 x 5 Initiative

Healthy lifestyles

MDG 8: Develop

partnerships


Tackles the major killers of children through prevention and treatment by improving skills of

health staff, health systems and family and community practices


WHO/UNICEFKey family practices

Core set of practices that contribute to a child’s survival and healthy growth at the community level

• Promote physical growth and mental development• Prevent disease• Facilitate appropriate home care• Facilitate care seeking behaviors


Strengthening collaboration between the health sector, family and community

CHW

++++++++

Family

Health services

Family and community

Other sectorsEffective health

system

Faith-based org. Faith-based org.

Universities

NGOs

Caritas Mayor

Schools

CHW

Volunteers

JCIs


The family and reaching the millennium

development goals

About 30,000 children die every day – 10 million every year globally

Almost 50% of all infant deaths occur in the first 28 days after birth

To reduce child mortality by 66% by 2015 we need to change how we do child survival programing…. Right now !!!

Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004 Child and Adolescent Health and Development

What Are Children Dying From in the World?2002

Sources: Cause-specific mortality: EIP/CAH/WHO; Malnutrition: Pelletier DL, et al. AMJ Public Health 1993; 83:1130-3.

ARI18%

Diarrhoea15%

Malaria10%

Measles5%

HIV4%

Perinatal23%

Other25%

Deaths associated with

malnutrition

54%

Sources: Cause-specific mortality: EIP/CAH/WHO; Malnutrition: Pelletier DL et al AMJ Public Health 1993:83:1130-3


Child and Adolescent Health and Development

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99

Estimate at five-year intervals

Und

er-fi

ve m

orta

lity

rate

(p

er 1

000

live

birt

hs)

Source: Data from Ahmad O et al. The decline in child mortality: a reappraisal. Bull WHO; 2000, 78:1175-91

Under-Five Mortality by WHO Region – Achieving the MDG

Africa

S E AsiaE Med

W Pacific

AmericasEurope

Source: Data from Ahmad O et al. The decline in child mortality: a reappraisal. Bull WHO;2000,78:1175-91

Under-five mortality rate by WHO RegionAchieving the MDGs


Child and Adolescent Health and Development

Under-Five MortalityThe Millennium Development Goal

Source: Data from Ahmad OB et al. The decline in child mortality: a reappraisal. Bull WHO, 2000, 70:1175-91, with trend extended through 2015 (in red) and linear trend needed to achieve 2/3 reduction from 1990 levels.

Under-fi

ve m

ort

alit

y per

1000

Global trends in under-five mortality, 1960-2000, with projections to 2015

To achieve MDG

If recent trends continue

0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 10 15


We know enough to act !!

Available, feasible interventions could prevent 6 million (63%) child deaths

worldwide if improved preventive interventions are made

in the home and community


Selected results for prevention interventions

Prevention Intervention Number (thousands)

Deaths prevented as proportion of all child deaths

Breastfeeding 1301 13%

Insecticide-treated materials 691 7%

Complementary feeding 587 6%

Zinc 459 5%

H influenzae vaccine 403 4%

Antiseptic delivery 411 4%

Water, sanitation, hygiene 326 3%


JCI country advances for selected countries

• Brazil – PAHO/WHO and UNICEF Child Health Project underway

• Dominican Republic – National plan developed with 18 national chapters to promote key family practices

• Peru – IMCI community training and promotion of key family practices


PAHO key priority countries

BoliviaHaitiHondurasGuyanaNicaragua


Countries’ Contribution to the Achievement of the Millennium Development Goal 4

Region of the Americas

Mortality in children less than 5 years old

(per 1,000 live births)

Deaths to prevent 2000-2015

% of Regional Deaths

prevented

Key Priority Countries

39,400 13.2%

>50 51,400 17.2%

30-49 165,900 55.7%

10-29 23,282 7.8%

<10 18,019 6.0%


What JCIs can do• May 2002 – Regional declaration JCI/PAHO to support the

IMCI Strategy

• Advocate the use of MDGs in national development agendas and business coalitions

• Community involvement with families to promote key family practices

• Strengthen networks and partnerships with local authorities, civil society, NGOs, private sector, and other key partners to increase access to services

• Meet with PAHO/WHO Country Representative and Ministry of Health for planning


JCIs can save lives……!!


Thank you …


Celebrating 100 Years of Health

Organización Panamericana de la Salud 2004.. Family and Community Health Area Child and Adolescent...

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