Organic Electronics Presented By: Mehrdad Najibi Class Presentation for Advanced VLSI Course.
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Transcript of Organic Electronics Presented By: Mehrdad Najibi Class Presentation for Advanced VLSI Course.
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Organic ElectronicsOrganic Electronics
Presented By:Presented By:
Mehrdad NajibiMehrdad Najibi
Class Presentation for Advanced VLSI CourseClass Presentation for Advanced VLSI Course
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OutlinesOutlines
Introduction to Organic ElectronicsIntroduction to Organic ElectronicsApplications Applications Organic Thin-Film-Transistors (OTFTs)Organic Thin-Film-Transistors (OTFTs)Organic MaterialsOrganic MaterialsRecent AdvancesRecent AdvancesSummarySummary
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What and why an organic What and why an organic transistor?transistor?
First Organic Transistor - 1986First Organic Transistor - 1986 Using organic molecules (Polymers) rather than silicon for their Using organic molecules (Polymers) rather than silicon for their
active material. active material. SemiconductorSemiconductor
AdvantagesAdvantages Less Complex & Lower-cost FabricationLess Complex & Lower-cost Fabrication
Solution Processing Solution Processing Photolithographic patterning Photolithographic patterning lower temperature manufacturing (60-120lower temperature manufacturing (60-120°° C) C) Print-able Organic TransistorsPrint-able Organic Transistors
Mechanical flexibilityMechanical flexibility compatibility with plastic substances: foldable & light weightcompatibility with plastic substances: foldable & light weight
Strong Optical Absorption and Efficient Emission
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ApplicationsApplications Flexible low-weight large-Flexible low-weight large-
Area DisplaysArea Displays OLED + OTFT OLED + OTFT
Optical recording (optical absorption)
Electronic circuits printed Electronic circuits printed on paperon paper
Electronic PapersElectronic Papers Ultra Low-Cost Low-Ultra Low-Cost Low-
Performance ApplicationsPerformance Applications Smart cardsSmart cards
Low-heat dissipation Low-heat dissipation circuitscircuits
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Organic Thin Film Transistors Organic Thin Film Transistors (OTFT)(OTFT)
Very Similar to Very Similar to MOSFETsMOSFETs
3-Terminal Device3-Terminal Device Voltage Controled Voltage Controled
SwitchSwitch Differences Differences
Carrier TransportCarrier Transport Discrete Energy LevelsDiscrete Energy Levels HoppingHopping
Organic Active LayerOrganic Active Layer Depletion DevicesDepletion Devices
Figure1 [1]
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Organic Thin Film Transistors Organic Thin Film Transistors (OTFT)(OTFT)
Current Flow ModeCurrent Flow Mode Vth is not Constant Smaller die-electric Smaller die-electric
ConstantConstant Velocity SaturationVelocity Saturation
Due to hopping Due to hopping Is more likely to occurIs more likely to occur
Figure2 [2]
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Organic Thin Film Transistors Organic Thin Film Transistors (OTFT)(OTFT)
Key ParametersKey ParametersMobility (Mobility (µ ≈ 1-10 cmµ ≈ 1-10 cm22/vs/vs))
Much Lower than SiMuch Lower than Si
On-Off RatioOn-Off RatioSuitable (10Suitable (1066))
MaterialMaterial MobilityMobility
a-Sia-Si 0.1 cm0.1 cm22/Vs/Vs
OrganicsOrganics 1-10 cm1-10 cm22/Vs/Vs
SiSi 200 cm200 cm22/Vs/Vs
Figure3 [4]
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New Organic MaterialsNew Organic Materials
Challenging factorsChallenging factors PerformancePerformance Electrical ParametersElectrical Parameters Process-abilityProcess-ability
SolubilitySolubility Long-Term StabilityLong-Term Stability Regular StructureRegular Structure
Facilitate Hopping Facilitate Hopping ProcessProcess
Purify-abilityPurify-ability Impurity Impurity charge charge
trapstraps
Figure4 [1]
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Progress in performance of OTFTs from 1986 to the Progress in performance of OTFTs from 1986 to the presentpresent
Figure5 [4]
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SummarySummary
organic electronics is ready to meet the requirements for product realizationCompatibility with a huge variety of substrates
(web-coated polyester, paper).Reliability readouts according to product
requirements (shelf and operational lifetimes).Yield enabling profitable manufacturing.Proof of concept for simple and cheap
manufacturing methods.Realization of supply voltages down to 1 V
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ReferencesReferences
[1] Colin Reese, Mark Roberts, Mang-mang Ling, and Zhenan Bao. “Organic Thin Film Transistors”, Material Study, September 2004.
[2] S. Forrest, P. Burrows, M. Thompson. “The dawn of organic electronics” , IEEE Spectrum, Vol. 37 No. 8, 2000 , IEEE Spectrum, Vol. 37 No. 8, 2000
[3] G. Paasch (1,2), S. Scheinert (1), R. Tecklenburg (2). “Theory and modeling of organic field effect transistors”
[4][4] C. D. Dimitrakopoulos, D. J. Mascaro.C. D. Dimitrakopoulos, D. J. Mascaro. “ “Organic thin-film transistors: A Organic thin-film transistors: A review of recent advances”, review of recent advances”, IBM Journal Of Research & IBM Journal Of Research & Developmenmt, Volum 45, 2001Developmenmt, Volum 45, 2001
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Future Outlook: Time to Start Future Outlook: Time to Start Reviewing those Chemistry BooksReviewing those Chemistry Books
OTFTs for active-matrix (LDC) displaysOTFTs for active-matrix (LDC) displaysFlexible view screens (or anything…)Flexible view screens (or anything…)New generations of smart cards New generations of smart cards Organic smart pixels with OLEDsOrganic smart pixels with OLEDsLarge-area display electronicsLarge-area display electronicsOrganic semiconductor advances in Organic semiconductor advances in
mobility, switching time, and manufacturing mobility, switching time, and manufacturing may lead to many possibilitiesmay lead to many possibilities
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Mobilities of organic semiconductors have improved by five orders of magnitude over the past 15 years. Large research efforts using materials such as these led to some of this increase.