Organic CompoundsOrganic CompoundsWhat are the two types of pure What are the two types of pure

substance?substance?

What are four organic compounds?What are four organic compounds?

Pure Substances vs MixturesPure Substances vs Mixtures

PurePure = Made of one type of particle = Made of one type of particle• Elements and compoundsElements and compounds

MixtureMixture = more than one type of = more than one type of particleparticle

ElementsElements – substance that can’t be – substance that can’t be broken down into a simpler broken down into a simpler substancesubstance• Unit = atomUnit = atom• In living things: In living things:

carbon C, carbon C, hydrogen H, hydrogen H, oxygen O, oxygen O, nitrogen N, nitrogen N, phosphorus P, phosphorus P, sulfur Ssulfur S

CompoundCompound – elements – elements chemicallychemically combinedcombined• In living things: In living things:

water, water, CarbohydratesCarbohydrates LipidsLipids ProteinsProteins amino acidsamino acids

Carbohydrates & LipidsCarbohydrates & Lipids

Carbohydrates & LipidsCarbohydrates & Lipids

Carbs = sugars & starchesCarbs = sugars & starches• Used for energy (food)Used for energy (food)• Used in cell structures & membranesUsed in cell structures & membranes

Lipids = fats & oilsLipids = fats & oils• Used for energy (food) storageUsed for energy (food) storage• Used in cell membranesUsed in cell membranes

Proteins & Nucleic AcidsProteins & Nucleic Acids

Proteins & Nucleic AcidsProteins & Nucleic Acids

ProteinsProteins• Structure of cell organellesStructure of cell organelles• Catalysts for chemical reactionsCatalysts for chemical reactions

Nucleic AcidsNucleic Acids• Structure of DNA and RNAStructure of DNA and RNA• stores genetic informationstores genetic information• Contains instructions for cell functionsContains instructions for cell functions

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cells/scale/