Oreste Andrisano Franco Davoli Luigi Paura Stefano Vignola Sandro Zappatore Bologna 25 Febbraio 2004...

Oreste Andrisano

Franco Davoli

Luigi Paura

Stefano Vignola

Sandro Zappatore

Bologna 25 Febbraio 2004

La Piattaforma LABNET per il Telelaboratorio

___________

LABNET:

A Telelaboratory Platform

MAIN GOALSTo develop a H/W and S/W architecture for the remote control of distributed real laboratory equipment at various complexity levels.

To offer access to the physical resources on the basis of different users’ needs, skills and fields.

High School University

User Classes

Research Educational SME

Telecommunication systems measurement & testing

Telecommunication networks measurements & testing

Other application fields in engineering and physics

Application fields


LABNET-Methodologies

•Design of the Software Architecture and development of LABNET Server and Client sides

•Design and set-up of experiments on the “Telecommunication Measurement Testbed”

•Design and set-up of experiments on the “Networking Testbed”

•Definition of interfaces for the interconnection of external laboratories (e.g., CIRA wind tunnel)

Development Guidelines


Main AchievementsTechnical and Methodological Aspects

the drivers for the control of the instrumentation

the Labnet Server

the End-User Interfaces (GUI)

the “Experience Manager”

Development of

Design and set-up of

the Experiences

the related Documentation


Scientific Aspects

Main Achievements

Study and Design of Protocols Suitable for the proposed Integrated Learning System (ILS)

Design of a Software Architecture for the remote access and control of the Laboratory Environment

Performance evaluation of the system

Study and design of scalable audio/video coders for multimedia network applications

Evaluation of the effects of satellite link fading on the video stream quality, using different coding schemes and/or data packetization


Heterogeneity of physical interfaces and communication protocols

Each class of instruments is characterized by a specific physical interface and communication protocol for the remote access to the equipment.

Why a specific Software Architecture

Heterogeneity of development environments

In general, each class of instruments is provided with a specific software development kit for data gathering and reporting (e.g., LabView for oscilloscopes, voltmeters, etc., HP-Openview for routers, etc.)


Educational Sessions often involve a great number of user stations The multimedia streams with the information produced by the instruments and by network and telecommunication facilities must reach the student stations in an efficient way (without waste of transmission resources)

Heterogeneity of the access technologes The system must allow an efficient use of the laboratories by users exploiting different types of access technology (e.g., ISDN, xDSL, leased lines, …)


Access management The system must be able to allocate the proper resources for each requested experience, thus avoiding conflicts among different users



• The attention of the users should be focused on the specific features of the experiment being performed

• Only a subset of the instrument’s front panel controls is actually reproduced on the client side, according to the specific experiment, the depth of the experience and, possibly, the users’ skills

• The GUI allows to reproduce more than one device on the same page, thus providing a unified view of the set-up ready to be used, rather than a mere group of instruments.

GUI suitably designed for the ILS mission


Reflecting the requirements in the implementationClient side

• To connect to the laboratory environment, only a generic browser with Java2 plug-in is needed

To the LABNET Server

Remote users INTERNET

• Two different client stationsLecturer/Instructor station

Student station


Reflecting the requirements in the implementationClient side

• Lecturer Station

fully controls the “virtual” devices involved in the experience

monitors the presence of the student stations

delegates the control of the experience to a specific student station

selects and initializes the desired experience

• Student Station

communicates with LNS by using unicast packets (TCP)

passively participates in the experience, showing the user the current state and values of the “virtual” devices

receives data from LNS by means of multicast packets

communicates with LNS by using unicast packets whenever designated by the lecturer

Network

Measurement

Testbed

Telecommunication

Measurement

Testbed

Other

Laboratories

LABNET SERVER

MulticastingAuthentication

Registration

ResourceManagement

Protocols

Experiences

Network Measurement System Control Module

Telecommunication Measurement System Control Module

Other Laboratories

Interaction Module between Network and Telco.

Measurement System

INTERNET

Reflecting the requirements in the implementationServer side


Browser

Web Server

LABNETData Server

Client/Server Architecture

Host Client LABNET Server

Data Flow Diagram

HTML

Applet

Get <HTML Page>

Send <HTML Page>

Send Applet

Send <Command>

Send <Result>


WINDOWS

Front-end Server

Bridge

Experience Manager Experience Manager

Labview VI Vi2 Vi3

LINUX

TLC Measurement Testbed Networking Testbed

Daemon Agents Scripts

Oscilloscope Spectrum AnalyzerFunction Generator Router Matrix PC

MulticastingInternet SuiteProtocols

Data Repository

Labnet Server Protocol

Labnet Server Architecture

Testbeds

Experience Manager

Experience Manager

LNS Experience IDs, variables

Device IDs, Commands/Results



LNS Communication Protocol

LNSP is an ad-hoc communication protocol for data transfer between LNS and Experience Manager.

The Protocol Data Unit consists of a header (referring to a specific experience) and zero, one, or more data “containers”

The data “container” is a structure for the variable (scalar or vector) encapsulation.

LNSP exploits the Internet suite for the actual exchange

Experience Manager

LNSLNSP

LNSP

TCP/IP

TCP/IP



Timestamp (Sec) Timestamp (microsec.)

Sequence Number EXP # Pack type command

Number of containers

Packet Length Frag # tot. frag. remote port

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

LSNPHeader(24 bytes)

bytes

ContainerHeader(16 bytes)

Total element Total element 2 elem type Variable Name

ACTUAL DATA OF THE MENTIONED VARIABLE

….. Variable Name (cont)

Total element Total element2 elem type Variable Name

ACTUAL DATA OF THE MENTIONED VARIABLE

….. Variable Name (cont)

Format of a LNS PacketLabnet Server Architecture

ContainerHeader(16 bytes)

Container Payload(max. 4056 bytes)

Container Payload(max. 4056 bytes)

As m

any containers as specified by the related field in the L

SN

P H

eader


Initialization of all the lists, tables and internal structures

Main Configuration

Open network sockets

Start

UDP or TCP Packet


The Main Loop

Repository

Hash table of variables List of the

connected stations

Descriptors of the experiences

Internal ACLs

Wait for a Packet

Decode packet andrelated containers

(if present)

According to the LSP, prepare an

answer and send it to clients or

exp. manager

Client domain

Exp. Manager domain

LNS


An example: initialization (1)

Initialize Equipment 1 Equipment 1 successfully initialized

Initialize the experience N Experience N successfully initialized

Launch the experience N

LNS

Experience Manager

Testbeds

Initialize Equipment 2

Initialize Equipment M…….

Equipment 2 successfully initialized

Equipment M successfully initialized

LNS Communication ProtocolLabnet Server Architecture

…….


get_default_value_var 1 Let default_value_var 1 = x

LNS

Testbeds

Experience Manager

An example: initialization (2)LNS Communication Protocol


Exp1 Var 1 Exp1 Var 2 Exp1 Var N

get_default_value_var 2

get_default_value_var M…..

Let default_value_var 2 = y

Let default_value_var M = z…..

Allocate var 1 of Exp 1 and set Exp_1_var 1 = x

Allocate var 2 of Exp 1 and set Exp_1_var 2 = y

Allocate var M of Exp 1 and set Exp_1_var M = z…..

Exp_1_var 1 = x

Exp_1_var 2 = y

Exp_1_var M = z…..


An example: initialization (client side)LNS Communication Protocol


Initialize the experience N Experience N successfully initialized

Select the experience N

LNS

Master Station

Experience N ready: Launch the specific applets Display the default values of variables

Java Applet


Testbeds

Experience Manager

LNSExp1 Var 1 Exp1 Var 2 Exp1 Var N

Java Applet

Labnet Server ArchitectureThe actual communication


Function Generator

GPIB Bus

Ethernet Bus

Noise Figure Meter

Spectrum Analyzer

Oscilloscope Infinium

GPIB ENET Interface

Internet Advisor

Datacom Analyzer

To the local Labnet LAN

Switch Catalyst D

E R E S C a t y t 5 0

X L P W R

RF signal generator

Channel Simulator

Host Server

RF signal generator Noise generator

Signal Switching Matrix

Host Server

DSP

Telecommunication Measurement Testbed


SDSERIESCatalyst 3500 XL

PWR

SD

MADE IN USA

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxADCKentrox

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

!

!

AAC-3 Kentrox

SD

10021EXTENSION

MODULE

PCMCIASLOT

WARNINGDO NOT REMOVETHIS CARD WITH

SYSTEM POWERED

RJ-45

SD

XMT

DS-3(1)

RCV

10300SINGLE PORT

DS 3

SD

XMT

DS-3(1)

RCV

10300SINGLE PORT

DS 3

SD

XMT

DS-3(1)

RCV

10300SINGLE PORT

DS 3

SD

10303TRI-V.35/EIA-530SINGLE DSX-1

V.35/EIA-530

(1)

V.35/EIA-530

(2)

V.35/EIA-530

(3)

DSX-1(4)

SD


V.35/EIA-530

(1)

V.35/EIA-530

(2)

V.35/EIA-530

(3)

DSX-1(4)

SD

rCisco3600SERIES

CISCOYSTEMSS

SD

MADE IN USA

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxADCKentrox

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

!

!

AAC-3 Kentrox

SD

10021EXTENSION

MODULE

PCMCIASLOT

WARNINGDO NOT REMOVETHIS CARD WITH

SYSTEM POWERED

RJ-45

SD

XMT

DS-3(1)

RCV

10300SINGLE PORT

DS 3

SD

XMT

DS-3(1)

RCV

10300SINGLE PORT

DS 3

SD

XMT

DS-3(1)

RCV

10300SINGLE PORT

DS 3

SD


V.35/EIA-530

(1)

V.35/EIA-530

(2)

V.35/EIA-530

(3)

DSX-1(4)

SD


V.35/EIA-530

(1)

V.35/EIA-530

(2)

V.35/EIA-530

(3)

DSX-1(4)

SD

Cisco 3600SERIESCISCO YSTEMSS SD

Cisco 3600SERIESCISCO YSTEMSS

SD

CISCO YSTEMS

Cisco 7500 SERIES

POWERA

POWERB

NORMAL

S

Modem

Serial Local Control

Cisco 3640 Cisco 3620 Cisco 3620

Cisco 2620 Catalyst 3524-XL

Traffic GeneratorStations

Cisco 7513

SD

Cisco 3600SERIESCISCO YSTEMSS

FE FEFE

FEFE

FE FE FE FE FE FE

Network Measurement Testbed


External Laboratories

CIRA Wind Tunnel in Capua

• Connected via HDSL at 2 Mbps

•Measurement of total pressure loss on bi-dimensional model in wind tunnel CT1

• All main parameter setting remotely controllable and measurement displayed


“Telecommunication Measurement Testbed” Examples of Available Experiences

Radio Links and Modems Satellite Other Measurements (High School - University)

Synthesis of Digital Band-Pass Modulation

Systems via DSPs(BFSK, BPSK, QPSK,

WCDMA…)

Measurements on Nortel Dasa equipment (with or without emulated satellite

link)

Active filtering Fine-tuning of a free FM

oscillator

Multipath ISI (2- or 3-ray channel)

Measurements of noise effect on H.261 and MPEG coding (with emulated satellite link)

Analog Modulation AM FM DSB spectra / effect of synchronization loss RF Interference (Notch effect)

BER Measurements for QPSK, varying Eb/No and coding rate, with bandwidth estimation


Measurements on Measurements on networking networking equipmentequipment

RoutingRouting QoSQoS VoIPVoIP

Measurements at various Internet stack levels and on hetereogeneous access networks (Ethernet, ATM, Frame-Relay, … )

Building a network infrastructure based on a static/dynamic

routing policy

Video streams transmission on best-effort netwoks with: RSVP DiffServ

QoS and P-QoS evaluation by varying the traffic load offered to the channel

Performance evaluation of different protocolsTCP congestion control with different TCP implementations (Reno, Tahoe, Vegas), varying the channel bandwidth

RIP/OSPF Routing table visualization in the presence of network topology changes

Real time measurements of Jitter Queue length TCP goodput Packet loss

Signalling trace

“Networking Testbed”Examples of Available Experiences


KB

10 KB

20 KB

30 KB

40 KB

50 KB

0 60 120 180

time

By

tes

/s

In Bytes/s - link 128 kbps In Bytes/s - link 640 kbps

Measured traffic vs time during the session related to an experiment on analog modulation. The client is connected to the server via a transmission line at 640 kbps

(dotted line) and at 128 kbps (solid line).

Performance Evaluation


DIST – Università di GenovaClasses in Telecommunication Networks, Telematics, Digital Communications

Training courses for the Ministry of Communications Educational Project

ITIS “Augusto Righi” - Napoli

ITIS “Maserati” - Voghera

Evaluation of educational impact

Serveral experiences have been tested in both university and high school settings. In particular:


INTERNET

Networking Testbed

CNIT WAN

Remote users

Remote users

Capua Wind Tunnel

Labnet Server

The “Device Under Test” (DUT) and the Instrumentation of each Testbed are in the same location

Telecommunication Systems Testbed

From the current situation …

Future Developments

DUT

DUT

Labnet (GRID) Server

Measurement Network

Control Network

User

… to Distributed Cooperative Laboratories (EUROLABNET)

Instrumentation and DUTs

are distributed over the

various Labs involved

in the experiment

Future Developments

Thanks to

Luigi Battaglia Antonio IudiciGianluca Massei Marta PasiAmedeo Scarpiello Giuseppe SpanòNunzia Ristaldi Davide VicedominiAlfonso Vollono Andrea Zinicola

….. And also to

Nicola De Lorenzo Luigi Di FraiaPiergiulio Maryni Umberto PallottaGianmarco Romano


DATA IN

Probe IF out

IF out

Probe RF out

RF out

DATA OUT

RF in

IF in

A

CKSB

• Decodificatore di Viterbi con quantizzazione soft a 3 bit

• Traffico equivalente a 128 canali telefonici

• Ridondanza per rivelazione e correzione degli errori (FEC)

• Due canali di servizio a 64 Kb/s

Sistema radio digitale CTR 210 HD/7 Siemens Telecomunicazioni S.p.A. (MI)TX1

RX2

RX1

LO

• Segnale banda base: 8448 kbps

• Banda Radio Frequenza: 7,125 – 7,425 GHz

• Frequenze Intermedie: 231 MHz (Tx), 70 MHz (Rx)

• Codice: HDB3/NRZ

• Modulazione/codifica: 16 TCM (Trellis Code Modulation)

– BANCO DI MISURA –Maschera di emissione a frequenza intermedia e BER

DATACOM/TELECOM ANALYZER

RF SIGNAL GENERATORMIXER

NOISE GENERATOR

Directional Coupler

SPECTRUM ANALYZER

Data out Data inDATA IN

Probe IF out

IF out

Probe RF out

RF out

DATA OUT

RF in

IF in

A

CKSB

Pattern di bit a 8 Mb/s

Segnale a 231 MHz Portante

Segnale a 70 MHz

TX

RX

FC : 70 MHzSPAN : 10 MHz

Fqz. : 301 MHzLevel : 5 dBm

LO

TELEMISURA via HTTP

BANCO DI MISURA

Client

INTERNET

ServerCNIT NAPOLI

Server

PC

GPIB Board

LABVIEW

DataSocketSERVER

HTML

Applets JAVA

WEB SERVER

BROWSER

CODICE JSP

Applets JAVA

REMOTIZZAZIONE DEL BANCO DI MISURA RISPETTO AL WEB SERVER

BANCO DI MISURA

Client

CNIT PARMA

CNIT NAPOLI

INTERNET

PC

HTML

Applets JAVA

BROWSER

Server

GPIB Board

LABVIEW

DataSocketSERVER

PC

WEB SERVER

CODICE JSP

Applets JAVA

AMPLIAMENTO DEL BANCO DI MISURA:Diagramma ad occhio – Costellazione TCM

DATACOM/TELECOM ANALYZER

RF SIGNAL GENERATORMIXER

NOISE GENERATOR

Directional Coupler

SPECTRUM ANALYZER

Data out Data inDATA IN

Probe IF out

IF out

Probe RF out

RF out

DATA OUT

RF in

IF in

A

CKSB

Pattern di bit a 8 Mb/s

Segnale a 231 MHz Portante

Segnale a 70 MHz

TX

RX

FC : 70 MHzSPAN : 10 MHz

Fqz. : 301 MHzLevel : 5 dBm

OSCILLOSCOPE

TRA 1 TRA 2 TRIGGER

DIAGRAMMA

AD OCCHIO

COSTELLAZIONE

TCM 16 STATI

LO

Oreste Andrisano Franco Davoli Luigi Paura Stefano Vignola Sandro Zappatore Bologna 25 Febbraio 2004...

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