Order CarnivoraFamily Felidae• Large canines

• No diastema• Claws retractile• Flat face

Lynx rufus

Lynx rufusBobcat

By:

Natalie Hedlund

Identification:

Reddish brown to grayish brown; irregular dark spots; venter whitish; tail tip black dorsally, white ventrally; black tuffs and white spot on ears

Distribution: Statewidehttp://www.iowadnr.com/wildlife/files/bobcat.html

Lynx rufus

Lynx rufus

http://pelotes.jea.com/bobcat.htm

Habitat: bottomland forests; live in underbrush, timber cover, rock outcroppings allow rivers and streams

Diet: small mammals- mice, voles, squirrels, and rabbits; birds; sometimes a young deer; occasionally invertebrates

Lynx rufus

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/david_behrens/1135327.Bobcat.jpg/view.html

Reproduction: mating occurs around February to March; Gestation about 62 days; one litter of 1to 4 annually; young remain with mother for a year

Conservation State: common Southwest Iowa, uncommon in all rest of Iowa

1977- Endangered

2001- Threatened

August 2003- off threatened list

Lynx rufus

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/corel_cd/bobcat.jpg/view.html

Other:

- Nocturnal

- Lifespan: Wild 12-14 years

Captivity 32 years

-Smallest native North American cat

References

Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Bobcat. Available at http://www.iowadnr.com/wildlife/files/bobcat.html. November 2004.

Jones, J.K, Jr. and E.C. Birney. 1988. Handbook of Mammals of the North-central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson. 2002. The Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

Felis catusDomestic Cat

By:

Natalie Hedlund

Felis catus

Identification: pelage varies in color; Total Length < 70cm; Long tail ( more than twice the length of hind foot); retractable claws (sometimes no claws); 30 different Breeds

Distribution: Statewide

Habitat: Homes, Buildings

http://www.geocities.com/feliscatus_my/pgallery1.htm

Felis catus

Diet: commercial food, rodents, birds

Reproduction: Four litters of 1 to 4 kittens annually; gestation 63 days; born blind and deaf; lifespan 12 to 15 years

Conservation Status: Abundant

http://www.geocities.com/feliscatus_my/pgallery4.htm

Felis catus

Other:

• Descendants of the wild cat (Felis silvestris libyca)

• The wild cat originated in Africa and Southwest Asia

• Domesticated in 1500 BC in ancient Egypthttp://www.geocities.com/feliscatus_my/

pgallery.htm

Felis catus

• Have 30 spinal vertebrae ( five more than humans)

• External ear can rotate up to 180 degrees

• Heart beat 110 – 140 times/ minute

• Body temperature is 101degrees Fahrenheit

http://www.geocities.com/feliscatus_my/pgallery.htm

References

Animal Planet. Cat Guide. Available at http://animal.discovery.com/guides/cats/cats.html. November 2004.

Explorit Science Center. About Cats. Available at http://www.explorit.org/science/cats.html. November 2004.

The Humane Society of the United States. Cat. Available at http://www.hsus.org/ace/12221. November 2004.

Felis concolor

Mountain LionBy Mandie Riha

http:/ www.vanishingspecies.net/animals/cougar/gallery/image-85.html

IdentificationFelis concolor

• Large and slender with small head and very long tail

• Light brown (can look gray or black)

• 30 teeth

http:/ www.vanishingspecies.net/animals/cougar/gallery/image-29.html

IdentificationFelis concolor

• Body length: 3-4 ft (1800-2700mm)

• Tail: 2.5-3 ft (750-900mm)

• Height: 25-30 in

• Weight: Male: 140-160Ib, Female: 90-110Ib

• Hind Foot: 10.5-11in (260-280mm)

www.av.gnet.com/~saddleup/cougarpictures.htm

DistributionFelis concolor

• From Canada to South America

• Once in all North America now western US, Western Canada and Mexico

• South Florida• Iowa Loess Hills

http://wwwmdc.mo.gov/nathis/mammals/milion.reference

HabitatFelis concolor

• Dense cover or rocky, rugged terrain

• Low human habitation• Dense swamps• Seek shelter in rocky

crevices, hollow trees, bank holes, tall grass, or under brush

• No bedding for nestshttp://www.scottrose.com/cougars.php?bigpic=coug21.jpg&id=24&target=19

http://www.av.gnet.com/~saddleup/cougarpictures.htm

DietFelis concolor

• Carnivores• Don’t eat large prey

all at one setting• Avoid spoiled meats• Will feed on livestock

and domestic dogs

http://www.desertusa.com/magnov97/nov_pap/du_collpecc.html

http://www.whitetails.com/

http://www.scs.k12.ar.us/2000texnathist/texasnathist/members/boyersm/default.htm

ReproductionFelis Concolor

• Mom gets food for kits till 2 months old

• Kits lose spots slowly

• Kits stay with mom 2yrs

• Kits may stay together after leave mom

• Breed after 2.5 to 3 years

• Have young 2yr intervals

• Young born any month (peak June)

• 1-6 kits/litter

• Kits born blind and weigh 1Ib

• Kits buff spotted with black with rings of brown on tail

http:/ www.vanishingspecies.net/animals/cougar/gallery/image-26.html

Conservation StatusFelis concolor

• Not located in Iowa

• Endangered in S. Florida

• Endangered throughout their range

Other InformationFelis concolor

• Climb trees• Can swim• Stalk prey 50ft away• Live in family units• Solitary except when

mating• Nocturnal• Live 12 yr wild• Main enemy=man• Fur little value to man• Meat is edible

http:/ www.vanishingspecies.net/animals/cougar/gallery/image-48.html

Any Questions?

http://www.scottrose.com/cougars.php?bigpic=cougar23.jpg&id=26&target=26

References

• Jones,J.K, Jr. and E.C. Birney. 1988. Handbook of Mammals of the North-central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis

• MDC.Online. Mountain Lion (Felis concolor). Available at http://mdc.mo.gov/nathis/mammals/milion/reference/. August 2004

• Texas Parks and Wildlife. Mountain Lion. Available at http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/nature/wild/mammals/mountainlion/. February 2004

Order ArtiodactylaFamily Cervidae

• Large bodies with hooves

• Head not massive• Antlers (males – shed

annually)

Odocoileus virginianus

Odocoileus virginianusWhite-tailed Deer

Patty Morgan

www.enature.com

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer

• Identification:Reddish brown in summer,

gray/brown in winter, white throat, eye and nose rings, white ventrally including tail

Males 40-140 kg, antlered

Females 30-90 kg, no antlers

Young have white spots www.americazoo.com

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer

White-tailed deer have smaller ears, larger tail with no black tip, antlers divided differently

www.eco-online.qld.edu www.acriticaldecision.org

Mule Deer White-tailed Deer

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer

• Distribution: Southern Canada

throughout U.S., except Southwest

Found throughout Iowa

• Habitat: Wooded areas near

clearings

http://sevilleta.umn.edu

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer• Diet:Herbivores-green vegetation, nuts,

corn, twigs and buds

• Reproduction: Breed in November, 1-3

young, born after 6 months

Female young stay with mother for 2 years

                                           

www.enature.com

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer

In Iowa: half of female deer will breed within first year, most adults have two young, triplets becoming more common

• Conservation Status: abundant, population

increasing Two sub-species are

endangered

www.wildcaremarin.org

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer

• Other:

Nation wide annually-

726,000 deer killed in car accidents

211 human fatalities

$1 billion damage

In Iowa annually-

13,000+accidents

$27 million in damage

www.ohdeer.net

Odocoileus virginianus: White-tailed Deer

• Other cont’d:

$76,848,482 annually from deer hunters

90% of population would survive w/out hunting

Carry ticks-Lyme disease

www.whitetailhunter.com

ReferenceseNature.com. National Wildlife Federation. Available at http://www.enature.com. October 2004.

Jones, J.K, Jr. and E.C. Birney. 1998. Handbook of Mammals of the North-central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneaopolis.

Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson. 2002. The Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

Natureworks. New Hampshire Public television. Available at http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/whitetaileddeer.htm#3. November 2004.

OhDeer.net. Oh Deer Inc. Available at http://www.ohdeer.net/html/ohdeer.html. November 2004.

Suchy, Willie. “Evaluating the Results of the 2003/2004 deer season.” Iowa Department of Natural Resources.

Odocoileus hemionusMule deer

Order Artiodactyla

Family CervidaeBy Kim Schaefer

http://monstermuleys.com

Odocoileus hemionusIdentification: dorsum reddish

brown in new summer coat, but changes to pale brown and grayish in winter. Grayish white rump patch; venter whitish; long ears; small, black-tipped tail; white throat patch; dichotomously branching antlers

Total length: 1.2-1.8m

Tail: 13-22 cm

Weight: 30-120 kg

http://www.junglewalk.com/photos/Deer-pictures.asp

Mule DeerWhite-tailed Deer

Odocoileus hemionus

Distribution: western IA

Habitat: forests, grasslands, mountains

-prefers mixed habitat of open areas for

feeding and brushy areas for protection

Diet: herbivorous

http://www.junglewalk.com/photos/Deer-pictures.asp

Odocoileus hemionusReproduction: breed from

Oct. to Dec.

-200-208 days gestation

-1 to 3 fawns born in spring

-usually twins

Conservation status: uncommon

-most likely wanderers

-currently no breeding populations in IA

http://www.cattoorphotography.com

Odocoileus hemionus

Other: -longevity 10-20 years in wild-crepuscular and nocturnal-run with stiff-legged gait (stotting) and tail down-prone to internal and external parasites-diseases such as Chronic Wasting Disease, foot-and-mouth disease, brucellosis among others

http://www.ukans.edu/~mammals/odo-hemionus.html

References: Odocoileus hemionusAnimal Diversity Web. Odocoileus hemionus. Availiable at http://

animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Odocoileus_hemionus.html. November 2004.

Wildlife in Iowa. Availiable at http://www.iowadnr.com/education/wldresbs.html#status. November 2004.

Wind Cave National Park. Mule Deer- Odocoileus hemionus. Availiable at http://www.nps.gov/wica/Mule_Deer.html. November 2004.

Jones, J. K. Jr. and E.C. Birney. 1988. Handbook of Mammals of the North-central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson. 2002. The Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

Order ArtiodactylaFamily Bovidae

• Large body with hooves

• Head massive• Horns in both sexes

Bison bison

http://www.dlia.org

Order Artiodactyla:Family Bovidae

http://www.nps.gov/yell/nature/animals/bison/bison.html

Bison bison: American BisonKelly Redding

• Identification: Large bovid (having hollow unbranched horns); massive forequarters; large head; distinctive hump; brown wooly pelage,; horns present in both sexes

• Lifespan: 15-25 years http://www.montana.edu/~wwwcbs/

Bison bison

• Distribution: captivity only

• Habitat: mixed and short grass prairies, woodlands

• Diet: green plants, drinks water once a day

Black Walnut

http://www.tallgrass.org/buffalo2.html

Bison bison

• Reproduction: Single calf born in May or June

• Conservation status: Extirpated from Iowa, only in captivity now

• Other: Known to have calves at 30 years old; last Bison sighted in Iowa in Dickinson County in 1870; numbered an estimated 20 million to 30 million approximately 250,000 left today; 16,000 roam in the wild

References: Sciurus niger

• Jones, J.K., Jr. and E.C. Birney. 1988. Handbook of Mammals of the North-Central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

• Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson. 2002. The Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

• “North American Wildlife”, editor Susan J. Wernert. Reader’s Digest Association. Pleasantville, NY. 1982.

• Dinsmore, James J. 1994. A Country So Full Of Game. University of Iowa Press. Iowa City, Iowa.

References cont.

• Neal Smith Wildlife Refuge. Available at http://www.tallgrass.org/buffalo2.html. October 2004.

• Kids Planet Available at http://www.kidsplanet.org/factsheets/bison.html

• Montana State University. Available at http://www.montana.edu/~wwwcbs/

• Yellowstone National Park. Available athttp://www.nps.gov/yell/nature/animals/bison/bison.html