Oral Presentation – Research Education
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Transcript of Oral Presentation – Research Education
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ORAL PRESENTATION – RESEARCH EDUCATION
Koh Teng Chun (12), Law Shao Yu (13),
Lee Yuan (14), Leong Zhiming (15) &
Justin Lim (16)
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Contents
Introduction Methodology Survey Results and brief Analysis Interview Results and brief Analysis Conclusion
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Introduction
Our aim was to identify the fundamental reason of the health effects experienced by RI Year 1 Smartphone users.
Why? With cause comes effectsSmartphones becoming major trend in the
worldWe were curious about the effects of this
new trend on the health of RI year 1 students
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Introduction
RI year 1 students are seen as hardworking and tech savvy
Therefore, most of the students own smartphones and a lot of them use these gadgets in their work.
Health effects of such widespread use would be present and this is what we w
Methodology – Social Survey The ordered survey questionnaire was
created and administered. A total of 20 respondents were surveyed.
The survy consisted of 10 questions, with additional dempographic questions in front.
Date of conducting survey: 3 to 5 August
Methodology – Social Survey The objectives of the survey were as follows:
To assess the extent of addiction of Year 1 RI students to smartphone applications.
To evaluate various methods to curb the addiction and other health problems of smartphone usage.
To assess how many students know of the existence of health applications or how many students use them.
To spread awareness among the respondents regarding health smartphone applications and their benefits.
Methodology – Social Survey Their responses were tabulated and
were then analysed. There were:
1 student from 1B1 student from 1C3 students from 1J1 student from 1M14 students from 1P
Methodology - Interview
We located the gaps in the information procured in the survey and then sought to cover the gaps in our interview.
We interviewed School Counsellor, Ms Jaime Ng, to seek a more professional view on effects on student’s health due to smartphone usage.
The interview was conducted on 5th September 2011.
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Demographics
The students come from many classes, backgrounds and own different models of smartphones.
This classification is very important in telling us about the trends and patterns and also about what we did not expect.
The following slides show the demographics:
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Demographics - Class
Class No. of
Respondents
% of Respondents
1B 1 5
1C 1 5
1J 3 15
1M 1 5
1P 14 70
Total 20 100
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Demographics - Model of Smartphone
Model No. Of Respondents % of Respondents
Apple 5 25
Blackberry 2 10
LG 2 10
Nokia 1 5
Samsung 5 25
Sony Ericsson 5 25
Total 20 100
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Demographics - Average Monthly Income
Income(in $) No. Of Respondents % of Respondents
Unknown 4 20
0-4999 2 10
5000-9999 8 40
10000-14999 4 20
<14999 2 10
Total 20 100
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Type of Smartphone Usage
How Year 1 pupils make use of their smartphones:
Enter
tainm
ent (
e.g.
mus
ic, g
ames
)
Family
-relat
ed a
ctivi
ties
Social
-net
workin
g pu
rpos
es (e
.g. F
aceb
ook,
Twitt
er)
Wor
k-re
lated
act
ivitie
s (e
.g. c
heck
ing e
)
Other
s0
2
4
6
8
10
1 (Always)
2
3
4
5 (Never)
Activities
No
. o
f re
spo
nd
ents
Fig 2. Frequency of the different types of usage of smartphones
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Type of Smartphone Usage
Respondents indicated that they did not stick to one form of smartphone usage particularly frequently
Some forms of entertainment like games and music were very popular
Respondents also use their smartphone for work-related purposes like email, which shows that one of the main original purposes of smartphones are still in use
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Health Effects
To investigate the direct health effects (physical and psychological) caused by the usage of smartphones
Split into 2 categories: Physical health effects (negative and
positive) of smartphone usagePsychological health effects (negative and
positive) of smartphone usage Results in the following slides:
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Physical Health Effects
Stress Eyesight Problems Muscle Ache No problems0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Negative direct health effects
No
. o
f re
spo
nd
ents
Fig 3. Negative direct health effects of smartphone usage
Very few negative ailments at all, as seen by the fact that 17 respondents felt that there were no problems at all.
Not expected at all. May be due to many outside factors and
factors that we did not see before (e.g. most of the effects are long-term effects)
Downlo
ad e
xerc
ise tr
ackin
g ap
plica
tions
Downlo
ad e
xerc
ise tu
toria
l app
licat
ions
Downlo
ad a
pplic
ation
s to
mak
e m
edica
l app
ointm
ents
I do
not u
se m
y sm
artp
hone
for h
ealth
pur
pose
s
Other
s0
4
8
12
16
Positive direct health effects
No
. o
f re
spo
nd
ents
Also just as unexpected: there were not many positive health effects either
Respondents did not use their smartphones for health purposes, so smartphones have failed in improving people’s health.
Fig 4. Positive direct health effects of smartphone usage
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Psychological Effects - Negative
Mor
e st
ress
ed o
ut
Mor
e fru
stra
ted/
irrita
ted
Mor
e wor
ries
None
Other
s0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Negative psychological effects on worklife
No
. o
f re
spo
nd
ents
Fig 6. Negative psychological effects of smartphones on work life
Also few negative psychological effects as 11 out of 20 respondents selected none to negative effects
Negative psychological effects such as stress and worries may be caused by the constant compulsion for students to check their e-mail and also go to Facebook for updates.
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Psychological Effects - Positive
Less stress Less frustration/irritated Less worries None Others0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Positive psychological effects on worklife
No
. o
f re
spo
nd
ents
Fig 7. Positive psychological effects of smartphones on work life
Surprisingly many positive psychological effects. (As seen from more students choosing ‘Less stressed’ than ‘None’. )
Positive psychological effects can be due to the fact that students can use their smartphones to do work while waiting and travelling to save time, so they would not have as much work when they return home.
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Discussion
The results showed that students generally did not experience any negative effects of smartphone usage.
RI year 1 students are young and thus will tend to feel less of the impact of any negative health problems.
Busy school life → no time to be on smartphones
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Discussion
There were few positive effects too. Those health-promoting applications on
smartphones are more suited for adults. Also, the stressed that can be reduced
from our work load is still minimal as there is a limited amount of work one can do on a smartphone. Most of our school work still cannot be done using smartphones.
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Limitations
The classes of our respondents were not well distributed, with over half our respondents coming from our class, 1P. This contributed to a lot of similar responses and therefore, may have changed our results slightly.
Background
Second part of our data collection. Patch up gaps in the survey and gain
more insight about the results of the survey from the view point of an experienced adult.
Interviewee: Ms. Jaime Ng Sook Wai – Youth guidance counsellor for Year 1 – 4.
What we found out… Some of the negative psychological effects
experienced by addicts are anxiety, stress, becoming irritable, sensitive and depression. They may also become slightly antisocial.
They are trapped in the virtual world – think it is better than the real world and thus stay there and become addicted and continue thinking about it even when they are not using the device.
Contradiction Trapped in the virtual world and thus
think it is better than the real world – why would they think these effects come from their ‘virtual heaven’?
Results from the survey may be inaccurate.
What we found out…
Benefits – ability to access information, ability to de-stress, make the mind more nimble.
Prevention – cannot completely ban smartphone usage – must replace it with a meaningful, productive, enjoyable activity.