Oral CancerOral Cancer

Dr shabeel pnDr shabeel pn

What Is Cancer?What Is Cancer?

Diseases containing abnormal cells Diseases containing abnormal cells that divide and spread that divide and spread uncontrollably uncontrollably

Abnormal cells combine to form a Abnormal cells combine to form a growth or tumor that can be benign growth or tumor that can be benign or malignant.or malignant.

Benign Vs. MalignantBenign Vs. Malignant

Does not spreadDoes not spread Rarely life Rarely life

threateningthreatening Can be removedCan be removed

Spreads to other Spreads to other parts of the bodyparts of the body

Life threateningLife threatening Can be removed, Can be removed,

but it may grow but it may grow backback

Definition of Oral CancerDefinition of Oral Cancer

Oral cancer: a disease that is found in Oral cancer: a disease that is found in the tissues of the lip or mouth; cancer the tissues of the lip or mouth; cancer of lip and oral cavityof lip and oral cavity

Associated with a group of cancers Associated with a group of cancers referred to as head and neck cancersreferred to as head and neck cancers

Begin in the tongue and in the floor of Begin in the tongue and in the floor of the mouth, but they can spread to parts the mouth, but they can spread to parts of the neck, lungs, and other body partsof the neck, lungs, and other body parts

Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms

Sores that do not Sores that do not heal within 14 daysheal within 14 days

Bleeding in mouth Bleeding in mouth Lump in neckLump in neck EaracheEarache Loose teethLoose teeth Dentures will not Dentures will not

fit wellfit well

Pain or numbness Pain or numbness in mouthin mouth

Difficulty chewing Difficulty chewing or swallowingor swallowing

Bad breathBad breath Patches on the lip Patches on the lip

or in the mouth or in the mouth that are red, white, that are red, white, or a mixture of or a mixture of bothboth

Causes of Oral CancerCauses of Oral Cancer

Tobacco UseTobacco Use Alcohol UseAlcohol Use Sun ExposureSun Exposure Chronic IrritationChronic Irritation Human Papillomavirus (HPV)Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

DiagnosisDiagnosis

Dentists may detect symptoms of oral Dentists may detect symptoms of oral cancer by observing the roof and floor cancer by observing the roof and floor of the mouth, back of throat, inside of the mouth, back of throat, inside cheeks, lips, and the neck area.cheeks, lips, and the neck area.

A biopsy can determine if the A biopsy can determine if the abnormal area is actually cancer.abnormal area is actually cancer.

The pathologist observes the cells The pathologist observes the cells under a microscope to check for under a microscope to check for cancer cells.cancer cells.

Statistics on Oral CancerStatistics on Oral Cancer

Accounts for 2% of all cancersAccounts for 2% of all cancers 40 years of age and older are at a 40 years of age and older are at a

higher riskhigher risk Over 35,000 people will be Over 35,000 people will be

diagnoseddiagnosed Over 7,600 will die from the diseaseOver 7,600 will die from the disease Mortality Rate Is Higher Than Other Mortality Rate Is Higher Than Other

CancersCancers

Survival Rate by Stage of Survival Rate by Stage of DiagnosisDiagnosis

Populations At RiskPopulations At Risk

TreatmentTreatment

SurgerySurgery Some include:Some include:

Primary tumor resectionPrimary tumor resection Mandible resectionMandible resection Neck resectionNeck resection

Radiation therapyRadiation therapy ChemotherapyChemotherapy

Side Effects of TreatmentSide Effects of Treatment

SwellingSwelling Sore mouthSore mouth Difficulty chewing, Difficulty chewing,

swallowing, or swallowing, or talkingtalking

Changes to Changes to appearanceappearance

Weight lossWeight loss Inability to wear Inability to wear

dentures for a period dentures for a period of timeof time

FatigueFatigue Lowered immune Lowered immune

systemsystem NauseaNausea VomitingVomiting Mouth soresMouth sores Lost of appetiteLost of appetite

http://www.oralcancerfoundation.org/dental/slide_show.htm

Linkage to Oral CancerLinkage to Oral Cancer

Persistent gum disease can lead to Persistent gum disease can lead to oral cancer and other potential life oral cancer and other potential life threatening conditions like:threatening conditions like: Heart DiseaseHeart Disease StrokeStroke DiabetesDiabetes Chronic Kidney Disease (CDK)Chronic Kidney Disease (CDK) Preterm BirthPreterm Birth Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

Health DisparitiesHealth Disparities

Health Disparities are differences in health Health Disparities are differences in health conditions or outcomes among specific conditions or outcomes among specific population groups in the United States.population groups in the United States. Some include:Some include:

Environmental factors – rural and urban poorEnvironmental factors – rural and urban poor Economical factors – working poor Economical factors – working poor Cultural factor – language barrierCultural factor – language barrier Accessibility to careAccessibility to care Quality of care Quality of care

PreventionPrevention

Ways To Educate People Ways To Educate People Advertising & VisualsAdvertising & Visuals Developing Culturally Appropriate Developing Culturally Appropriate

MessagesMessages Educate in local schools, colleges, health Educate in local schools, colleges, health

clinics, churches, and community centersclinics, churches, and community centers Why It Is Important Why It Is Important

Early DetectionEarly Detection Decrease Mortality RateDecrease Mortality Rate

ReferencesReferences Health Disparities. National Association of Chronic Disease Directors. Health Disparities. National Association of Chronic Disease Directors.

http://www.chronicdisease.org/i14a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3447. June 4, 2008.. June 4, 2008. Treatment for Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State University Medical Center. June 3, 2008. Treatment for Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State University Medical Center. June 3, 2008.

http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/index.aspx

Side Effects of Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State University Medical Center. June 3, 2008. Side Effects of Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State University Medical Center. June 3, 2008. http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/index.aspx

Gum Disease. May 2009. What is Gum Disease? June 4, 2009. Gum Disease. May 2009. What is Gum Disease? June 4, 2009. http://dentistry.about.com/od/issuesandemergencies/a/importantbrush.htm.http://dentistry.about.com/od/issuesandemergencies/a/importantbrush.htm.

The Oral Cancer Foundation (2009, June 4). Oral Cancer Facts. Retrieved June 4, 2009, The Oral Cancer Foundation (2009, June 4). Oral Cancer Facts. Retrieved June 4, 2009,

from <from <http://www.oralcancerfoundation.org/facts/index.htmhttp://www.oralcancerfoundation.org/facts/index.htm>.>. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (2005-2008). Early Detection American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (2005-2008). Early Detection

and Treatment Provide A Better Chance For Cure. Retrieved June 4, 2009,and Treatment Provide A Better Chance For Cure. Retrieved June 4, 2009,

from <from <http://www.aaoms.org/oral_cancer.phphttp://www.aaoms.org/oral_cancer.php>.>. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (2008, October). Oral Cancer Statistics.National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (2008, October). Oral Cancer Statistics.

retrieved June 3, 2009, from <http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/OralHealth/T opics/Oral retrieved June 3, 2009, from <http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/OralHealth/T opics/Oral

cancer/OralCancerStatistics.htm>.cancer/OralCancerStatistics.htm>. Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009). <http://www.tobaccofacts.info/images/20050817-oral-cancer-Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009). <http://www.tobaccofacts.info/images/20050817-oral-cancer-

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