Oracle Database 11g RMAN and Oracle Secure Backup

8/10/2019 Oracle Database 11g RMAN and Oracle Secure Backup

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Configuring RMAN for Oracle Secure Backup

Learning Objective

After completing this topic, you should be able to

recognize how to configure RMAN for OSB

1. Integrated dik and tape backup

Oracle Database 10g(and later) has a Flash Recovery Area, abbreviated as FRA, which

is a unified disk storage location for all database recoveryrelated files! R"A# $anages

the disk s%ace in FRA! &ith FRA and Oracle 'ecure acku%, also known as O', you

can easily de%loy a co$%rehensive disk and ta%e backu% and recovery strategy for your

Oracle Databases!

Supple!ent

Selecting the link title opens the resource in a new browser window.

Learning Aid

Access the learning aid St"le coniderationfor $ore infor$ation on the style

considerations for the Oracle 11gDatabase used in this course!

y %utting R"A# in control of your backu% and restore o%erations, you si$%lify your

availabilityrelated %rocesses! ou have the $ost effective restore %rocess because

R"A# auto$atically restores fro$ the best backu% source (which can be a disk or ta%e)!

*f the $ost recent backu% is not available, R"A# continues with a %revious backu%! +his

failover can be fro$ a disk to a ta%e! *t does not reuire any user intervention!

+o back u% FRA to ta%e with O', you issue the R"A# co$$and BACKUPRECOVERY

AREA!

-sing this disktota%e backu% $ethod (instead of %erfor$ing a se%arate backu% of the

%roduction database to ta%e) %rovides a few advantages.

*t saves ta%e resources with o%ti$i/ed backu%s of FRA! *t eli$inates unnecessary backu% of f iles,

which are already on ta%es!

*t enables R"A# to utili/e better restore intelligence, first fro$ disks, and then fro$ ta%es, as

needed! Otherwise, R"A# uses the $ost recent backu% regardless of the storage $edia!
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*t reduces *O (i$%ortant for %roduction databases) because FRA uses a se%arate disk grou%!

y defining retention %eriods within R"A#, a co$bination of disk and ta%e backu%s is

used to $eet your recovery reuire$ents! &hen using FRA and O', the reco$$ended

R"A# retention %olicy is the userdefined RECOVERYWINDOWo%tion! +his $eans, you

define a %eriod of ti$e within which %ointinti$e recovery $ust be %ossible!

#rap$ic

In this example, the period of time within which point-in-time recovery must be

possible is specified as seven days.

&hen defining the R"A# recovery window, also consider the

base retention on recovery needs

si/e of FRA based on the desired disk recovery ca%ability, and

schedule disk and ta%e backu%s through R"A# or nter%rise "anager, also known as "

-sing the R"A# DELETEOBSOLETEco$$and, you delete obsolete files on the disk and

notify O' of the backu% %ieces that are no longer needed!

*f your recovery %lan allows for restoration fro$ a disk for a certain nu$ber of hours each

day, FRA should be of sufficient si/e to hold the recoveryrelated files for this ti$e %eriod!

+he a$ount of ti$e backu%s that re$ain within FRA is deter$ined by the a$ount of

available disk s%ace, not by a s%ecific ti$e setting!

+here are five ste%s in the basic %rocess flow of R"A# and O'.

1! R"A# initiates backu% and %asses the database backu% storage selector to O'! *f R"A# is

started fro$ the " interface, then you $ust configure the ad$inistrative server in " (a one

ti$e task)!

2! O' creates the backu% 3ob! +y%ically, the O' na$es%ace associated with the O' user of the current

session is used!

4! O' e5ecutes the 3ob (transfers data fro$ client to $edia)!

6! O' u%dates its own catalog!

7! R"A# u%dates its re%ository!

O' has been integrated with " (Database 8ontrol and 9rid 8ontrol)! *t can be

accessed through the Availability %age!


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y using the " interface, you can $anage the O' ad$inistrative do$ain and %erfor$

tasks, such as adding or deleting $edia servers or ta%e devices, and scheduling R"A#

backu%s for the database!

+he Oracle Secure Backup %evice and Medialink invokes the O' Ad$inistrative

'erver %age in "! +he &ile S"te! BackupandRetorelink invokes the O' &eb

tool! +he O' &eb tool is the best interface to use for filesyste$ backu%s, adding and

deleting clients, $anaging defaults and %olices, and $anaging O' users!

#rap$ic

The Oracle Secure ackup !evice and "edia link and the #ile System ackup

and $estore link are present in the Oracle Secure ackup section of the

%vailability page.

The %vailability page also contains the Setup and "anage sections. The links

under the Setup section include ackup Settings and $ecovery Settings. The linksunder the "anage section include Schedule ackup and ackup $eports.

efore you can use " to $anage your ad$inistrative do$ain, you $ust f irst configure

the ad$inistrative server infor$ation within "! 8onnect to the Database 8ontrol on the

ad$inistrative server!

Fro$ the Availability %age, click the Oracle Secure Backup %evice and Medialink in the

Oracle 'ecure acku% section! +his takes you to the Add Ad$inistrative 'erver %age if

this is the first ti$e you are trying to access O' fro$ the Database 8ontrol on that host!

On the Add Ad$inistrative 'erver %age, s%ecify the Oracle 'ecure acku% :o$edirectory, which is the directory s%ecified during the software installation! +he

reco$$ended Oracle 'ecure acku% :o$e is this directory!

#rap$ic

The recommended Oracle Secure ackup &ome is 'usr'local'oracle'backup.

" assu$es that the local host is the O' ad$inistrative server and enters the local host

na$e as the ad$inistrative server na$e! ou also need to enter the O' ad$inistrative

-serna$e (for e5a$%le, admin) and ;assword!

On the :ost 8redentials %age, you s%ecify the O' user as :ost 8redentials!

#rap$ic


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To specify the credentials, the &ost (redentials page contains the )sername and

*assword fields. In this example, the username is entered as oracle. The Save as

*referred (redential checkbox is selected.

+he Oracle 'ecure acku% Device and "edia. Ad$inistrative 'erver ho$e %age %rovides

an overview of your ad$inistrative do$ain!

Fro$ this $anage$ent %age, you can %erfor$ $anage$ent tasks for the ad$inistration

do$ain by clicking the a%%ro%riate links.

#rap$ic

The Oracle Secure ackup !evice and "edia+ %dministrative Server+

edvmrp.us.oracle.com page is divided into four sections+ eneral, $esources,

!evices, and $elated /inks.

Ad$inistrative 'erver (the 'ditlink in the 9eneral section)

The eneral section also shows the status as In Service and the host link as

edvmrp.us.oracle.com.

"edia 'ervers

)nder the $esources section, the number of media servers is set to .

"edia Fa$ilies

The $esources section specifies the number of media families as 0.


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use R"A# to %erfor$ your backu% and restore o%eration

&hen you install O', the installer auto$atically co%ies the '+ library to the lib

subdirectory of the O'=:o$e directory! *t also auto$atically creates a sy$bolic link to

the library in the lib or usrlib directory! 'o, by default, you are auto$atically using O'

each ti$e you allocate an '+=+A; channel with R"A#!

On a host that has O' installed, R"A# searches for and loads the '+ library, as soon

as an '+ channel is allocated! R"A# looks in a %latfor$s%ecific default location for the

'+ library! On -#*> or ?inu5, the default library file na$e is libobk!so, with the e5tension

varying according to %latfor$s such as !so, !sl, !a, and so on!

On &indows, the default library is in this location!

#rap$ic

The location of the library on 3indows is 4O$%(/56&O"547bin7orasbt.dll.

&hen you access O' fro$ R"A#, all you do is allocate a channel of ty%e '+=+A;,

and then run R"A# co$$ands to back u% or restore your database!

*n ", navigate to the Availability Recovery 'ettings section and ensure that the

database is in the ARCHIVELOG"ode and that your Flash Recovery Area, abbreviated as

FRA, is big enough!

Oracle 8or%oration reco$$ends the use of this area for all disk backu%s, but other

configurations are %ossible!

#rap$ic

The "edia $ecovery section of the page displays a table with 8umber, %rchive

/og !estination, 9uota 1:02, Status, and Type columns. The #lash $ecovery

%rea Si;e is set to < .

*n ", under the +a%e 'ettings section, you $ust configure +a%e Drives, set to 1 in this

e5a$%le, and you $ust configure a database backu% storage selector!

Although it is o%tional, it is reco$$ended that you test your ta%e drive!

#rap$ic

The Tape Settings section also contains the Tape ackup Type subsection, which

provides the ackup Set and (ompressed ackup Set options. The ackup Set

option is selected.


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)nder the Oracle Secure ackup section, the =ersion on !atabase Server,

%dministrative Server, and ackup Storage Selectors options are listed. The

ackup Storage Selectors option provides the (onfigure button.

Database backu% storage selectors are for backu%s of Oracle Databases! O' uses

infor$ation contained in storage selectors to interact with R"A# when %erfor$ing backu%

o%erations! O' $aintains storage selectors as an ob3ect ty%e on the ad$inistrative

server!

&hen R"A# %erfor$s an Oracle Database backu% to devices and $edia $anaged by

O', R"A# %asses the database na$e, content ty%e, and co%y nu$ber to O'!

&ith this infor$ation, O' deter$ines the corres%onding database backu% storage

selector! +his selector infor$s O' to which devices, if any, to restrict this backu%, and

which $edia fa$ily (if any) to use!

Database backu% storage selectors enable you to s%ecify which resources should be

used by '+ backu%s!

A database backu% storage selector ob3ect contains the following infor$ation.

%atabae na!e or I%

*f the database na$e or database *D is an asterisk (@) character, it indicates that the

storage selector a%%lies to all databases!

)ot* and

+his is the na$e of the hosts to which this selector a%%lies! An asterisk character (@)

indicates that the storage selector a%%lies to databases residing on all available hosts!

Media fa!il"

+his is the na$e of the $edia fa$ily to use for backu%s under the control of this storage

selector ob3ect!

A database backu% storage selector ob3ect also contains the following infor$ation.

Content

+his is the backu% content to which the selector a%%lies! +he content $ay be archivelog,

full, incre$ental, autobacku%, and asterisk! *f it is archivelog, it backs u% or restores

database archived redo logs! *f it is full, it backs u% or restores the database files,

regardless of when they were last backed u%! +his o%tion is the sa$e as a level0 backu%!

:owever, if it is incre$ental, it backs u% or restores only data that has been $odified since

the last backu%, regardless of the backu% level! *f it is autobacku%, it backs u% or restores

control files, and if it is an asterisk (@), it re%resents all content ty%es!

Retricted device


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Option 1:This option is incorrect. The selector specifies how long to wait for the

availability of resources re>uired by the backups under the control of the storage

selector.

Option 2:This option is correct. The selector includes the backup content to

which it applies. The content may be one or more of archivelog, full, incremental,

and autobackup. The asterisk 1?2 option means that all content types are

represented.

Option 3:This option is incorrect. The selector includes the $"%8 copy number

to which it applies. This is configured for use with certain $"%8 commands and

must be an integer in the range of through @.

Option 4:This option is incorrect. The selector contains the names of devices to

which backups controlled by it are restricted.

Correct aner/0-

2! acku% content

'torage selectors are created, na$ed, and $odified by a user belonging to a class with

the "odify ad$inistrative do$ainCs configuration right!

+o create a database backu% storage selector, %erfor$ the following ste%s.

1! 8lick the Availabilit"tab in the " Database 8ontrol!

2! 8lick the Backup Settinglink on the Availability %age!

4! 8lick Configurein the Oracle 'ecure acku% section on the acku% 'ettings %age!

6! +his takes you to the acku% 'torage 'electors %age! Fro$ there, you can $anage your backu% storage

selectors, and then click Return!

The ackup Storage Selectors page shows when the page was last refreshed. The page also displays a

table that specifies the ackup Storage Selector 8ame along with other information, such as !atabase

ackup Types, (opy 8umber, "edia #amily, $esource 3ait Time, and !evices.

ou can also use this e5a$%le co$$and to create a database storage selector!

+his e5a$%le creates a database backu% storage selector that is valid for any OracleDatabase located on the EDRSR23P2host! +he storage selector ob3ect is called &(2,

and it restricts backu%s to the $dt#2ta%e drive!

+he (&&(co$$and enables you to list the defined database backu% storage selectors

in your ad$inistrative do$ain!


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Code

m0&( 4+ 5 4d 5 4i 5 4- EDRSR23P2 4r $dt#2 &(2

O' %rovides two default $edia fa$ilies.

+he ti$e$anaged O'8A+A?O9"F for O' catalog backu%s!

+he content$anaged R"A#DFA-?+ for R"A# backu%s! +hus, creating $edia fa$ilies for

use in R"A# backu%s is o%tional!

ou $ay find it useful to create different $edia fa$ilies for the different ty%es of backu%

sets that you create with R"A# and for backu%s that have different retention and storage

reuire$ents! For e5a$%le, you $ay want to create a $edia fa$ily for onsite backu%s

and a se%arate $edia fa$ily for offsite backu%s!

ou can create $edia fa$ilies in "! On the Oracle 'ecure acku% Device and "edia.

Ad$inistrative 'erver %age, you can click the link corres%onding to the "edia Fa$ilies

nu$ber! +his takes you to the "edia Fa$ilies %age, where you can create new $edia

fa$ilies and $anage the e5isting $edia fa$ilies used by O'!

Alternatively, you can use the O' &eb tool to create these $edia fa$ilies or use the

m0m"co$$and in obtool!

#rap$ic

The Oracle Secure ackup !evice and "edia+ %dministrative Server+edvmrp.us.oracle.com page is open.

,uetion

*dentify the characteristics of $edia fa$ilies!

Option-

1! O' %rovides two default $edia fa$ilies

2! +hey can be created in "

4! +hey can be created with the m0&(co$$and in obtool

6! +hey $ust be created for use in R"A# backu%s

Aner


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Option 1:This option is correct. OS provides two default media families. The

time-managed OS-(%T%/O-"# is used for catalog backups, and the content-

managed $"%8-!5#%)/T is used for $"%8 backups.

Option 2:This option is correct. Aou can create media families in 5". On the

%dministrative Server page, you can click the link corresponding to the "edia

#amilies number.

Option 3:This option is incorrect. Aou can use the OS 3eb tool to create media

families, or use the m0m"command in obtool. The m0&(command is used to

create a database storage selector.

Option 4:This option is incorrect. ecause OS provides two default media

families, including $"%8-!5#%)/T, creating media families for $"%8 backups is

optional.

Correct aner/0-

1! O' %rovides two default $edia fa$ilies

2! +hey can be created in "

. '2piration policie

Oracle 'ecure acku%, also known as O', auto$ates ta%e recycling reusing ta%es

after backu%s or volu$es have e5%ired de%ending on their userdefined recycling

$ethod!

*n ti$e$anaged e5%iration %olicies, the e5%iration ti$e is associated at the volu$e levelfor ti$e$anaged $edia fa$ilies! &hen the volu$e e5%iration date is reached, the

volu$e beco$es eligible to be overwritten!

ach volu$e in a volu$e set will have an e5%iration date, which is deter$ined as follows.

+he userdefined write window deter$ines how long the ta%e $ay be a%%ended to after the first

ta%e write event (o%tional)!

+he userdefined retention ti$e deter$ines how long the volu$e $ust be retained after the write

window has closed or after the first ta%e write event, if a write window is not defined! *f a write

window is not defined, the volu$e will be a%%ended to, until it is full!

+he e5%iration ti$e is the write window ti$e %lus the retention ti$e!

*n short, ti$e$anaged volu$es for filesyste$ backu%s have a userdefined e5%iration

%eriod associated with the volu$e, not the content of the volu$e! (+his %olicy is not for

R"A#!)


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*n content$anaged e5%iration %olices, the e5%iration ti$e is associated with the content

on the ta%e, not with the actual volu$e! &ith content$anaged volu$es, the retention

%eriod is configured within R"A# by using the recovery window or redundancy setting!

O' does not associate a s%ecific date with a backu% %iece, but u%dates the %iece

attribute fro$ the content $anages use status to the deleted status as instructed by

R"A#!

y issuing the R"A# DELETEOBSOLETEco$$and, R"A# deletes any disk backu%s no

longer needed to $eet the userconfigured retention %olicies and notifies the $edia

$anage$ent software O' about which %ieces can be deleted! +he e5%iration status

is u%dated in the O' catalog, but the actual %ieces are not deleted fro$ the ta%e!

*nstead, the backu% %ieces receive the deleted attribute!

After all backu% %ieces on a s%ecific ta%e have a deleted attribute, O' considers the

ta%e eligible for reuse, and overwrites the ta%e when a ta%e is needed!

,uetion

&hich state$ents accurately describe content$anaged e5%iration %oliciesB

Option-

1! +he retention %eriod is configured within R"A# by using the recovery window or

redundancy setting

2! *ssuing the R"A# DELETEOBSOLETEco$$and causes R"A# to delete any disk

backu%s that are no longer reuired

4! +he e5%iration ti$e is associated at the volu$e level

6! +hey have a userdefined e5%iration %eriod associated with the volu$e, not thecontent of the volu$e

Aner

Option 1:This option is correct. 3ith content-managed volumes, the retention

period is configured within $"%8 by using the recovery window or redundancy

setting. OS does not associate a specified date with the backup piece, but

updates the piece attribute from the content manages use status to the deleted

status as instructed by $"%8.

Option 2:This option is correct. y issuing the R6ANDELETEOBSOLETE

command, $"%8 deletes any disk backups no longer needed to meet the user-

configured retention policies and notifies the media management software B OS

B about which pieces can be deleted.


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Option 3:This option is incorrect. 3ith time-managed expiration policies, the

expiration time is associated at the volume level. 3hen the volume expiration date

is reached, the volume becomes eligible to be overwritten.

Option 4:This option is incorrect. Time-managed volumes for file-system backups

have a user-defined expiration period associated with the volume, not with the

content of the volume. This policy is not for $"%8.

Correct aner/0-

1! +he retention %eriod is configured within R"A# by using the recovery window

or redundancy setting

2! *ssuing the R"A# DELETEOBSOLETEco$$and causes R"A# to delete any

disk backu%s that are no longer reuired

+his e5a$%le shows the R"A# backu% %ieces and their relationshi% to volu$es! *t shows

data files on the O' level, how they relate to R"A# i$age co%ies and backu% %ieces,and how these relate to O' backu% i$ages! Filesyste$ files, which do not have an

R"A# euivalent, relate directly to O' backu% i$ages!

+he e5a$%le also de%icts that O' backu% i$ages are stored as a backu% i$age section

on a volu$e, within a volu$e set, which belongs to a $edia fa$ily in a ta%e library!

*t is not reco$$ended, but you can re$ove backu% %ieces (an R"A# backu% %iece

corres%onds to an O' backu% i$age) with the O' &eb tool or the rm7i#+#co$$and

in the obtool utility! +hese co$$ands re$ove the backu% %iece fro$ the O' catalog!

*f you re$ove a backu% %iece outside of R"A#, you $ust use the R"A# CROSSCHECKco$$and to u%date the R"A# re%ository and have the re$oved backu% %ieces $arked

as E8PIRED! +hen you use the R"A# DELETEE8PIREDco$$and to re$ove these

backu% %ieces fro$ the R"A# re%ository!

Su!!ar"

*n this to%ic, youCve learned how to configure R"A# for O'!

3erfor!ing RMAN Backup and Retore

Learning Objective


recognize how to perform RMAN backups

recognize how to perform RMAN restores


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1. RMAN backup and retore

&ith the nter%rise "anager Database 8ontrol console, you can schedule backu%s to

disk, ta%e, or both!

+o schedule a backu%, you co$%lete the following ste%s.

#rap$ic

The %vailability page is open. The page contains the ackup'$ecovery and Oracle

Secure ackup sections. The ackup'$ecovery section is subdivided into Setup

and "anage sections.

click the Sc$edule Backuplink on the Availability %age and

The Schedule ackup link is under the "anage section.

choose either the Oraclesuggested backu% strategy, or configure a custo$i/ed backu% fro$ the

'chedule acku% %age

The Schedule ackup page contains the Oracle-Suggested ackup, (ustomi;ed ackup, and

&ost (redentials sections. The ackup Strategies section contains a brief description of the

Oracle-suggested and (ustomi;ed backup options. To choose a backup strategy, you can click

either the Schedule Oracle-Suggested ackup or the Schedule (ustomi;ed ackup buttons.

*n this e5a$%le, the Oraclesuggested strategy is chosen by clicking the Sc$edule

Oracle4Suggeted Backupbutton! Regardless of whether you acce%t the suggested

backu% $ethod or devise your own, you can select the ty%e of storage $edia to use for

your backu%s!

+he Oraclesuggested backu% strategy $akes a oneti$e, wholedatabase backu%, which

is %erfor$ed online! +his is a baseline incre$ental level0 backu%! +he auto$ated

backu% strategy then schedules incre$ental level1 backu%s for each following day!

y selecting the Sc$edule Cuto!i5ed Backupbutton, you gain access to a wider

range of configuration o%tions! 'elect the ob3ects that you want to back u% the whole

database (the default) or individual tables%aces, data files, archived logs, or any Oracle

backu%s currently residing on the disk (to $ove the$ to the ta%e)!

&hen the Oraclesuggested strategy is chosen, the 'chedule acku% &i/ard starts!

ou use the wi/ard to configure the backu% settings.

%etination

On the 'chedule Oracle'uggested acku%. Destination %age, select the %ik, 6ape, or

Bot$%ikand 6apeo%tions! our selection here (and other recovery settings, such as

ARCHIVELOGenabled or not), deter$ines the o%tions available to you on other %ages of


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the 'chedule acku% &i/ard!

The Schedule Oracle-Suggested ackup+ !estination page is the starting page of the

Schedule ackup 3i;ard. It provides the (ancel and 8ext buttons to navigate to the other

pages. In this example, the oth !isk and Tape option is selected.

Setup

On the 'chedule Oracle'uggested acku%. 'etu% %age, s%ecify your disk and ta%e

settings! *f you have not yet configured a ta%e device, you receive an error!

*f you use R"A# encry%tion, it overrides Oracle 'ecure acku% or O' encry%tion, and

none of your O' encry%tion settings will be used!

The Schedule Oracle-Suggested ackup+ Setup page is the second page of the Schedule

ackup 3i;ard. The page displays sections that include 3eekly ackup, !isk Settings,

and Tape Settings. The #lash $ecovery %rea specified under the !isk Settings is

'u'app'oracle'flash6recovery6area. )nder the Tape Settings section, Tape !rives is set

to , and $ecovery 3indow 1!ays2 is set to C.

The 5ncryption section contains the Secure the backup using $ecovery "anager

encryption checkbox and the 5ncryption %lgorithm drop-down list where %5S0< is

selected. It also contains two 5ncryption "ode options+ ackups will be encrypted using

the Oracle 5ncryption 3allet and ackups will be encrypted using the following password.

Sc$edule* and

On the 'chedule Oracle'uggested acku%. 'chedule %age, s%ecify the backu% start ti$e!

The Schedule Oracle-Suggested ackup+ Schedule page is the third page of the Schedule

ackup 3i;ard. This page displays the !aily ackup Time section. In this example, the

start date is specified as Oct 0


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16/48

1! Out%ut ?og

2! Eob su$$ary

4! " acku% Re%orts

6! Eob transcri%t

Aner

Option 1:This option is incorrect. The Output /og displays how $"%8 first uses

the disk and then the tape.

Option 2:This option is correct. % Fob summary is a text file report produced by

OS that describes the status of the selected file-system backup and restore Fobs.

ob summaries may be generated on a regular, repeating basis and sent via email

to users.

Option 3:This option is incorrect. y viewing the 5" ackup $eports, available

from the 5" %vailability page, you can verify that your $"%8 and OS Fob

executed successfully.

Option 4:This option is incorrect. ob transcripts describe Fob details. They are

created at the time of dispatch and are updated as the Fob progresses.

Correct aner/0-

2! Eob su$$ary

-se the "anage 8urrent acku%s %age to search for and dis%lay a list of backu% sets or

backu% co%ies! ou can then %erfor$ $anage$ent o%erations on selected co%ies, sets,

or files! ou can access this %age fro$ the Availability %age!

+he "anage 8urrent acku%s %age dis%lays both disk and ta%e backu%s! -se the 'earch

section to find backu% sets or co%ies! For e5a$%le, use the 'tatus Available, the

8ontents o%tions (%atafile, Arc$ivedRedoLog, S3&IL', and Control&ile), and

8o$%letion +i$e +it$in a !ont$to filter the results list!

ou can use the Catalog Additional &ilebutton to catalog backu% %ieces on a disk or to

add $etadata to the R"A# re%ository when adding a new database to an R"A#

recovery catalog! ou can ensure that data about backu%s in the recovery catalog or

control file is synchroni/ed with the corres%onding data on the disk or in the $edia$anage$ent catalog by %erfor$ing the 8rosscheck All function and scheduling the

o%eration as a 3ob!

#rap$ic


17/48

The other buttons on the "anage (urrent ackups page are the (rosscheck %ll,

!elete %ll Obsolete, and !elete %ll 5xpired buttons.

The $esults section displays the result in a tabular format. It displays columns that

include Select, Jey, Tag, (ompletion Time, (ontents, !evice Type, and Status. It

also contains the (rosscheck and (hange to )navailable buttons.

ou can use the Delete All Obsolete function to re$ove backu%s that are obsolete or

eligible for deletion! ou can use the function to create a 3ob that re$oves the %hysical

files, deletes the recovery catalog records (if you use a catalog), and u%dates the records

in the target control file to the DELETEDstatus!

*f the backu% is stored on ta%e and $anaged by O', the O' catalog is also u%dated to

indicate that the backu% %ieces are deleted!

ou can create a 3ob using the Delete All 5%ired function to re$ove e5%ired records!

First use the 8rosscheck All function to deter$ine whether backu%s recorded in the

re%ository still e5ist on disk or ta%e! *f nter%rise "anager or " cannot locate the

backu%s, then it u%dates their records to the E8PIREDstatus! After that, you can use the

Delete All 5%ired function to re$ove the records!

*n ", you can access the ;erfor$ Recovery %age fro$ the Availability %age! +he

;erfor$ Recovery %age enables you to %erfor$ various kinds of database recovery! ou

can recover the whole database, a %articular data file, or a tables%ace!

R"A# auto$atically retrieves fro$ backu% all the files that are needed for the s%ecified

recovery o%eration, regardless of whether the files were backed u% to a disk or ta%e!

*f R"A# reuests files fro$ a %revious backu% that is stored on a ta%e, O'

auto$atically deter$ines which ta%e to use! *f that ta%e is not i$$ediately available

(offsite), R"A# will wait for the resources as long as you s%ecify!

#rap$ic

In this example, the *erform $ecovery page displays the Oracle %dvised

$ecovery and )ser !irected $ecovery sections. The Oracle %dvised $ecovery

section contains the information about the failures detected and their description.

The )ser !irected $ecovery section contains the $ecovery Scope drop-down list

with 3hole !atabase selected. The Operation Type subsection contains the

$ecover to the current time or a previous point-in-time, $estore all datafiles, and

$ecover from previously restored datafiles options. The $ecover to the current

time or a previous point-in-time option is selected.


18/48

To perform recovery, the page also provides the %dvise and $ecover and $ecover

buttons.

ou can s%ecify R"A# resource wait ti$es in these locations, which override the

%receding s%ecifications in the list.

the rmanr#&our+#/aittim#%olicy and

the R"A# channel configuration %ara$eter OB9RESOURCE9WAIT9TI6E

&hen you recover your database after data loss, R"A# auto$atically selects the $ost

a%%ro%riate backu% to restore! R"A# auto$atically switches to a %revious backu% if the

$ost recent backu% is not available! +his o%eration is totally trans%arent and is

auto$atically done by R"A#!

Failover fro$ disk backu%s to ta%e backu%s is useful when you are using a Flash

Recovery Area or FRA with your Oracle Database! +his e5a$%le illustrates a situationwhere the data file backu% was inadvertently deleted fro$ FRA! *n this situation, R"A#

restored the data file using the ne5t $ost recent backu%, which was stored on the ta%e by

O'!

*f you use ta%e backu%s e5clusively in your environ$ent and a backu% or ta%e is not

available, then R"A# and O' can fail over to the ne5t $ost recent backu% on ta%e!

#rap$ic

The ob %ctivity page shows the output of the recovery operation. It displays a

confirmation message that the Fob was created successfully.

Note

$"%8 and OS work in tandem. $"%8 performs the data file or database

recovery. OS restores the necessary files, if they are located on tape.

,uetion

&hich state$ents accurately describe R"A# auto$atic failover to a %revious

backu%B

Option-

1! R"A# auto$atically switches to a %revious backu% if the $ost recent backu% is

unavailable

2! Failover fro$ ta%e backu%s to disk backu%s is useful when you are using a FRA

4! R"A# and O' work in tande$


19/48

6! +he $ost a%%ro%riate backu% to restore $ust be $anually selected before R"A#

can %roceed

Aner

Option 1:This option is correct. 3hen you recover your database after data loss,$"%8 automatically selects the most appropriate backup to restore. $"%8

switches automatically to a previous backup if the most recent backup is

unavailable.

Option 2:This option is incorrect. #ailover from disk backups to tape backups is

only useful when you are using a #$%.

Option 3:This option is correct. $"%8 and OS work in tandem. $"%8

performs the data file or database recovery. OS restores the necessary files if

they are located on tape.

Option 4:This option is incorrect. $"%8 automatically selects the most

appropriate backup to restore when you recover your database after data loss.

Correct aner/0-

1! R"A# auto$atically switches to a %revious backu% if the $ost recent backu% is

unavailable

4! R"A# and O' work in tande$

Su!!ar"

*n this to%ic, youCve learned how to %erfor$ R"A# backu%s and R"A# restores!

Configuring RMAN and Backing 8p and Retoring %ata

Learning Objective


configure RMAN for OSB

perform an Oraclesuggested backup

reco!er a data file from an OSBencrypted backup

'2ercie overvie


20/48

ou need to configure R"A# for Oracle 'ecure acku%! ecause you %lan to use

nter%rise

"anager (") as your $ain interface, you first need to register the ad$inistrative server

in ",

and then you want to create a database backu% storage selector! ou also want to test

your ta%e backu%, %erfor$ a backu% and view the 3ob transcri%t, and %erfor$ a recovery!

*n this e5ercise, youCre reuired to register the ad$inistrative server and verify device

connectivity, create a database backu% storage selector and test your ta%e backu%,

%erfor$ a database backu% and view its transcri%t, and %erfor$ a recovery!

+his involves the following tasks.

registering the server

creating a storage selector

%erfor$ing a backu%

viewing a 3ob transcri%t

%erfor$ing recovery

6ak 1- Regitering t$e erver

ou want to register the ad$inistrative server in nter%rise "anager and verify device

connectivity! Add an ad$inistrative server and s%ecify usrlocaloraclebacku% as the

backu% ho$e! Access the Devices %age and verify connectivity to the vlib and vlib2

devices res%ectively! Acce%t all other default selections!

Step lit

Intruction

1! 8lick Availabilit"

2! 8lick Oracle Secure Backup %evice and Media

4! +y%e u&r(o+a(ora+(#'a+0u7in the Oracle 'ecure acku% :o$e te5t bo5

6! 8lick O9

7! 8lick the Managehy%erlink

! nsure the vlibradio button is selected, select :erif" Connectivit"fro$ the Actions dro%down list, and click #o

G! 'elect the vlib(radio button and select :erif" Connectivit"fro$ the Actions dro%down list

H! 8lick #o

6ak (- Creating a torage elector


21/48

ou now want to create a backu% storage selector for your database and test a ta%e

backu%! 8reate a storage selector with one ta%e drive! Access the acku% 'ettings %age

using the 8onfigure button! nsure the ad$inistrative server is

localhost2!easyno$adtravel!co$ and %roceed to the acku% 'torage 'electors %age!

'%ecify the selector is for archive logs, auto backu%, full, and incre$ental database

backu% ty%es! '%ecify R"A#DFA-?+ as the $edia fa$ily and li$it the devices to

vdte1, vdte2, vdte4, and vdte6! 8o$%lete the creation of the selector and test the ta%e

backu%! Acce%t all other default selections!

Step lit

Intruction

1! +y%e 2in the +a%e Drives te5t bo5, click the scroll bar don arro, and click O9

2! 8lick Backup Setting

4! *n the Oracle 'ecure acku% section, click Configure

6! nsure local$ot(.ea"no!adtravel.co!is selected in the Ad$inistrative 'erver dro%down list and click O9

7! 8lick Add

! 'elect the Arc$ive Log, Auto Backup, &ull, and Incre!entalcheckbo5es

G! 'elect RMAN4%'&A8L6fro$ the "edia Fa$ily dro%down list and click Add

H! 'elect the vdte1, vdte(, vdte, and vdte;checkbo5es and click Select

I! 8lick O9

10! 8lick Backup Setting - 3erfor!ing recover"

&hen atte$%ting to insert data into a table you noticed there was a %roble$ o%ening the

e5a$%le01!dbf datafile, so you decide to recover the file! ;erfor$ a recovery using your

encry%ted ta%e backu%! -se the Oracle Advised Recovery o%tion!


23/48

Step lit

Intruction

6! nsure all data failures are selected and click Advie

7! 8lick Continue it$ Advie

! 8lick Continue

G! 8lick Sub!it Recover" 7ob

H! 8lick R'CO:'R@ORCL((

I! 8lick Step- Recover"and view the out%ut

Creating %ataet and Configuring Backup +indo

Learning Objective


recognize the ways in which you can back up OS file systems with OSB

recognize how to create datasets

recognize how to configure backup windows

1. Backing up OS file "te! it$ OSB

ou can back u% the filesyste$ files in two different ways.

y creating onde$and (ad hoc or oneti$eonly) backu% 3obs and sub$itting the$ to the Oracle

'ecure acku%, also known as O', scheduler (with the ;oo%tion)!

y using backu% schedules, which define backu% 3obs that run at %redeter$ined ti$es! +he

scheduler auto$atically initiates such 3obs at a day and ti$e that you s%ecify!

&ith O', you can create two ty%es of backu%s.

full backup and

A fullbackupbacks u% all the s%ecified files, regardless of when they were last backed u%!

+his o%tion is the sa$e as backu% level 0! ou can also %erfor$ a ty%e of full backu%

called off-sitebackupthat does not affect the full or incre$ental backu% schedule!

incre!ental backup

+here are nine different incre$ental backu% levels! *n each level, O' backs u% only those

files that have changed since the last backu% at a lower (nu$erical) backu% level! ou can

also instruct O' to back u% only those files that have been $odified since the last

backu%, regardless of its backu% level!


24/48

+he incre$ental level backu%s are not su%%orted on certain #A' devices, including

#etwork A%%liance filers!

After you have configured your ad$inistrative do$ain, there are a nu$ber of ste%s you

%erfor$ with O' to create filesyste$ file backu%s.

1! log in as a -#*>, ?inu5, or &indows o%erating syste$ user that has access to the files to be

backed u%, and log in to O' with backu% %rivileges

2! configure $edia fa$ilies to hel% $anage the volu$es created by the backu% o%eration, if you have not

done so already, and

4! create a dataset that identifies the hosts and files that you want to back u%

ased on the backu% ty%e, you then %erfor$ additional ste%s to create filesyste$ file

backu%s.

c$eduled backup and

For scheduled backu%s, create at least one backu% window, if you need to restrict the

hours during which backu%s can be %erfor$ed! *f there are no restrictions, then you can

use the default backu% window! 8reate a schedule for your backu% 3ob and add at least

one trigger to this schedule!

on4de!and backup

For onde$and backu%s, create one or $ore backu% reuests! 'end your backu% reuests

to the scheduler! Doing so turns each backu% reuest into a backu% 3ob, $aking it eligible

to run!

+he final ste% is to create and e5ecute backu% reuests! &hen you ter$inate your O'

session, any backu% reuests that have not been sub$itted are lost!

,uetion

&hat ste%s are reuired when %erfor$ing the filesyste$ file backu%s with O'B

Option-

1! 'et u% $edia fa$ilies

2! 8reate datasets

4! 8reate backu% windows

6! 8reate schedule and triggers

7! 8reate and e5ecute backu% reuests

Aner


25/48

Option 1:This option is correct. %fter logging in, you configure media families to

help manage the volumes created by the backup operation if you have not already

done so.

Option 2:This option is correct. Aou create a dataset that identifies the hosts and

files you want to back up.

Option 3:This option is incorrect. Only for scheduled backups would you perform

the additional steps of creating at least one backup window, creating a schedule

for your backup Fob, and adding at least one trigger to the schedule.

Option 4:This option is incorrect. #or on-demand backups, you must also create

one or more backup re>uests and send your backup re>uests to the scheduler.

Option 5:This option is correct. The final step is to create and execute backup

re>uests. 3hen you terminate your OS session, any backup re>uests that have

not been submitted are lost.

Correct aner/0-

1! 'et u% $edia fa$ilies

2! 8reate datasets

7! 8reate and e5ecute backu% reuests

Fro$ the nter%rise "anager or " Ad$inistrative 'erver %age, you can click the link

corres%onding to the "edia Fa$ilies nu$ber!

#rap$ic

In this example, the Oracle Secure ackup !evice and "edia+ %dministrative

Server+ edvmrp.us.oracle.com page is open. The "edia #amilies option is in

the $esources section of the page. The other options in this section include "edia

Servers, =olumes, and !evices. The "edia #amilies option is set to the value ,

which is a hyperlink.

+his takes you to the "edia Fa$ilies %age, where you have the o%tions to add a new

$edia fa$ily!

ou can also select an e5isting $edia fa$ily, and edit or re$ove it!

#rap$ic

The "edia #amilies page provides the %dd, 5dit, and $emove buttons to modify

the media families. It also provides a table, which has Select, 8ame, =olume I! To


26/48

)se, %ppendable, 3rite 3indow, and $etention Time as its columns. There is one

existing media family called $"%8-!5#%)/T, which is shown selected.

+o add a new $edia fa$ily, %erfor$ the following five ste%s.

enter a na!e

nter a na$e for the $edia fa$ily in the "edia Fa$ily #a$e field! #or$ally, this na$e will

a%%ear as the %refi5 in each volu$e *D that uses this $edia fa$ily!

enter a rite4alloed ti!e period

nter a writeallowed ti$e %eriod in the &rite &indow fields (seconds, $inutes, hours,

days, weeks, $onths, and years)! ou can set the write window to a s%ecific duration, such

as 16 days or three weeks!

All volu$e sets that are $e$bers of the $edia fa$ily re$ain o%en for u%dates for this

%eriod! *f you do not s%ecify a write window for a volu$e set, O' considers the volu$e

set eligible to be u%dated indefinitely!

enter an a!ount of ti!e

nter an a$ount of ti$e to retain the volu$e in the Retain +i$e fields! O' uses this to

a%%ly an e5%iration date to the volu$e set! *f you intend to use this $edia fa$ily to store

R"A# backu%s, then select the Content Manage Reueo%tion!

The (ontent "anages $euse and $etain Time options are part of the $etention Time field.

enter additional infor!ation* and

O%tionally, enter additional infor$ation in the 8o$$ent field!

click O9

8lick O9to create your new $edia fa$ily!

(. Creating dataet

&ith Oracle 'ecure acku%, also known as O', use datasets to describe the list of files

that you want to back u%!

A datasetis a te5tual descri%tion that tells O' which files to back u%! Datasets e$%loy a

lightweight language! +his dataset language gives you great fle5ibility in building and

organi/ing datasets for the files that you want to %rotect!

*n this e5a$%le, the files fro$ three different hosts are used!

#rap$ic

The hosts are stc, stc0, and stcC. The files present are file.tmp, file0.txt, and

file0.Funk. The files are from four users B usr, usr0, usrC, and usr@.


27/48

y using the dataset defined in this code e5a$%le, you can back u% the files, e5ce%t

file1!t$% for -om#u&r2, and directory t$%, file1!te$%, and file2!3unk for -om#u&r3!

+o fa$iliari/e yourself with the dataset language, review the sa$%les subdirectory of your

O' ho$e directory!

Code

< Datat =+ommon4#>+(u&ion&=:

#>+(ud# nam# tm7

#>+(ud# nam# 5?tm7

#>+(ud# nam# 5?t#m7

#>+(ud# nam# 5?'a+0u7

< Datat =a77(i+ation "i(#&=:

#>+(ud# nam# 5@

in+(ud# 7at- -om#u&r2in+(ud# 7at- -om#u&r

in+(ud# -o&t &t+2

in+(ud# -o&t &t+

in+(ud# -o&t &t+ )

in+(ud# datat +ommon4#>+(u&ion&

in+(ud# 7at- -om#u&r

'#"or# 'a+0u7 o7tiona( =#t+(o+a(n". u&r '#;in=

a"t#r 'a+0u7 o7tiona( =#t+(o+a(n". u&r #nd=

in+(ud# 7at- -om#u&r3 )

#>+(ud# nam# 5?un0 1 1

+he O' dataset language has a nu$ber of characteristics.

Code


#>+(ud# nam# tm7

#>+(ud# nam# 5?tm7

#>+(ud# nam# 5?t#m7

#>+(ud# nam# 5?'a+0u7


#>+(ud# nam# 5@

in+(ud# 7at- -om#u&r2


in+(ud# -o&t &t+2

in+(ud# -o&t &t+

in+(ud# -o&t &t+ )



28/48





#>+(ud# nam# 5?un0 1 1

8o$$ents $ay a%%ear anywhere following a co$$ent sign (J)!

'tate$ents have the for$ &tat#m#nt4nam#*&tat#m#nt4ar;um#nt,, where &tat#m#nt4

nam#can consist of $ulti%le s%acese%arated words, such as in+(ud#7at-!

'o$e state$ents $ay begin a nested block, and state$ents within the block a%%ly only to the

state$ent that began the block! +hese have the for$ &tat#m#nt4nam#*&tat#m#nt4

ar;um#nt,) &tat#m#nt4nam#*&tat#m#nt4ar;um#nt, ???1!

An esca%e character, K, can a%%ear anywhere to re$ove the s%ecial $eaning of the character

following it!

lank lines are ignored!

+his e5a$%le re%resents two datasets that can be used to back u% the data! +he first

scri%t is used to e5clude directories and files starting with tm7, 5?tm7, 5?t#m7, and

5?'a+0u7!

Code


#>+(ud# nam# tm7

#>+(ud# nam# 5?tm7

#>+(ud# nam# 5?t#m7

#>+(ud# nam# 5?'a+0u7

Note

The 5wildcard can be used in datasets as long as the backup is of a regular file

system, not an 8!"* filer.

+he second scri%t is used to back u% the data on hosts.

Code


#>+(ud# nam# 5@



29/48


in+(ud# -o&t &t+2

in+(ud# -o&t &t+

in+(ud# -o&t &t+ )






#>+(ud# nam# 5?un0 1 1

on &t+2and&t+for -om#u&r2and -om#u&rand

on &t+for -om#u&r2,-om#u&r, -om#u&r, and -om#u&r3e5ce%t files starting

with tm7, 5?tm7,5?t#m7, 5?'a+0u7, and 5?un0only for -om#u&r3

&hen O' starts backing u% data in-om#u&r

on&t+

4, it e5ecutes the etclocalnfy

e5ecutable! +he sa$e e5ecutable is also e5ecuted when O' finishes its backu% of

-om#u&r!

&hen %erfor$ing a nor$al (nondatabase) backu%, you $ay want to ski% files that would

be included in a database backu%!

5a$%les of such files include the database files the$selves, control files, redo logs, and

flashback logs! +o e5clude these files, s%ecify the #>+(ud#ora+(#"i(#&directive in

your dataset!

Code


#>+(ud# nam# 5@



in+(ud# -o&t &t+2

in+(ud# -o&t &t+

in+(ud# -o&t &t+ )



'#"or# 'a+0u7 o7tiona( =#t+(o+a(n". u&r '#;in= a"t#r 'a+0u7 o7tiona( =#t+(o+a(n". u&r #nd=


#>+(ud# nam# 5?un0 1 1

ou can use the O' &eb tool to create a dataset.


30/48

1! Fro$ the :o$e %age, click the Backuptab in the $enu bar!

The other tabs on the O$%(/5 &ome page are (onfigure, "anage, and $estore.

2! On the acku% %age, click the %ataetlink under 'ettings!

The ackup page has two sections B Operations and Settings. The other links under the Settings section

are Schedules and ackup 3indows.

4! +he acku%. Datasets %age a%%ears! Dataset directories a%%ear in the ;ath bo5 with a slash as the last

character in the na$e! 8lick the Addbutton to create a new dataset! &hen you create a new dataset

descri%tion, the initial contents of the dataset are defined by a dataset te$%late!

The ackup+ !atasets page provides the Open, %dd, $emove, $ename, and (heck !ataset buttons. The

*ath+ ' box lists one entry as 8536(/I58TS'.

6! 'elect &ileor %irector"fro$ the Dataset ty%e list!

The ackup+ !atasets K 8ew !atasets page is opened. In this example, #ile is selected as the !ataset

type.

?ike &indows and -#*> file syste$s, the O' datasets are organi/ed in a na$ing tree!ou can o%tionally create dataset directories to hel% you organi/e your data definitions!

?ater, you will discover that when you want O' to back u% data, you identify the na$e of

the dataset!

*f you give the na$e of a dataset directory, it is euivalent to na$ing all the datasets

contained within that directory tree! Dataset directories can be nested u% to 10 levels

dee%! y default, a dataset file is created under this directory!

#rap$ic

The directory where the dataset file is created is the following+

'admin'config'dataset directory.

ou then %erfor$ additional ste%s to create a dataset.

#rap$ic

The ackup+ !atasets K 8ew !atasets page is open.

1! *n the #a$e field, enter a na$e for the dataset!

In this example, the 8ame is entered as labs.

2! -%date the dataset state$ents dis%layed in the te$%late file to define your backu% data!

The statements provided in the example is the following+

exclude name ?.backup

exclude name ?L

include host 5!$S$@* M


31/48

include path 'home'oracle'labs

N

4! 8lick the Savebutton to acce%t your entries and return to the Datasets %age! Or click Cancelto abort the

o%eration and $ove back one %age!

*f your dataset has errors, a $essage a%%ears in the 'tatus section! ou also have the

o%tions to check, edit, rena$e, and re$ove datasets!

#rap$ic

In this example, the message appears as Success+ dataset 'labs saved.

'i$ilarly, you can $anage your dataset directories and descri%tion files by using the

obtool interface!

+his e5a$%le first dis%lays the contents of the dataset directory and then creates the newdirectory TESTinside the e5isting NEW9CLIENTSdirectory!

+hen a new dataset called t#&t2is created inside the TESTdirectory!

Code

o' (&d&

To7 (#$#( datat dir#+tor.:

NEW9CLIENTS

o' +dd& NEW9CLIENTSo' m0d& 44dir TEST

o' +dd& TEST

o' m0d& 4i t#&t2

In7ut t-# n#/ datat +ont#nt&? T#rminat# /it- an EOF or a

(in#

+ontainin; u&t a dot =?=?

#>+(ud# nam# tm7

in+(ud# 7at- u2ora+(#&o(ution&

?

A77(. .our +-an;#& *.#&, .

o' (&d&

Datat dir#+tor. NEW9CLIENTSTEST:

T#&t2

+he obtool co$$ands used for $anaging datasets are

Code


32/48

o' (&d&

To7 (#$#( datat dir#+tor.:

NEW9CLIENTS

o' +dd& NEW9CLIENTS

o' m0d& 44dir TEST

o' +dd& TEST

o' m0d& 4i t#&t2

In7ut t-# n#/ datat +ont#nt&? T#rminat# /it- an EOF or a

(in#

+ontainin; u&t a dot =?=?

#>+(ud# nam# tm7

in+(ud# 7at- u2ora+(#&o(ution&

?

A77(. .our +-an;#& *.#&, .

o' (&d&

Datat dir#+tor. NEW9CLIENTSTEST:

T#&t2

cdds

+he +dd&co$$and is used to navigate into the dataset directory structure!

pwdds

+he 7/dd&co$$and is used to show you the current %ath in the dataset directory

structure!

lsds

+he (&d&co$$and is used to list the contents of the current dataset directory!

mkds* and+he m0d&co$$and is used to create both dataset directories and datasets! +he 44dir

o%tion is used for directories! +he 4io%tion is used to directly enter your dataset

descri%tion te5t without the use of any s%ecial editor!

*n this e5a$%le, the syste$ asks you to enter your te5t and finish it with a dot!

rmds

+he rmd&co$$and is used to re$ove both directories and files! +he 44nJo%tion is used

to avoid any confir$ation before doing the re$oval!

,uetion

&hich obtool co$$and has the 4io%tion for directly entering a dataset

descri%tionB

Option-


33/48

1! +dd&

2! 7/dd&

4! m0d&

6! rmd&

Aner

Option 1:This option is incorrect. The +dd&command is used to navigate into

the dataset directory structure.

Option 2:This option is incorrect. The 7/dd&command is used to show you the

current path in the dataset directory structure.

Option 3:This option is correct. The m0d&command is used to create both

dataset directories and datasets. The 4ioption is used to directly enter your

dataset description without the use of any special editor.

Option 4:This option is incorrect. The rmd&command is used to remove both

directories and files.

Correct aner/0-

4! m0d&

. Configuring backup indo

A backu% window is a ti$e range within which Oracle 'ecure acku%, also known as

O', %erfor$s scheduled backu% 3obs! ou $ust have at least one backu% window for

scheduled backu% 3obs to run!

ou can identify a single backu% window that a%%lies to all days of the week or finetune

backu% windows to s%ecific weekdays or dates! A default backu% window is always

created and is identified as daily 00.0026.00!

acku% windows have a start ti$e and an end ti$e! acku%s are eligible for e5ecution

after the start ti$e s%ecified by a backu% window! &hen the backu% window end ti$e

arrives, O' co$%letes any backu%s that have already been started! #o $ore backu%s

are started until the window o%ens again or a new window o%ens!

+o create a backu% window by using the O' &eb tool, there are various ste%s you

should %erfor$.

#rap$ic


34/48

The ackup page is open.

1! Fro$ the acku% %age, click the Backup+indolink under 'ettings!

2! +he acku%. acku% &indows %age a%%ears! 8lick the Addbutton to add a new backu% window!

The ackup+ ackup 3indows page also has the $emove button.

4! +he acku% &indow %age a%%ears! 'elect a backu% window ty%e fro$ the +y%e field! our choices are

%a"rangeand %ate!

In this example, the Type is selected as !ay range.

6! 'elect a local ti$e range (e5%ressed in 26hour for$at) fro$ the +i$e range field!

In this example, the Time range is specified as +P+C:-+P+C:.

O' will start scheduled backu%s during the s%ecified ti$e range! A ti$e range is an

interval s%ecified as &tarttim#4#ndtim#, where the start and end ti$es are in

the for$ hour.$inute.second!

ou can also use a fourdigit hour$inute s%ecifier (for e5a$%le, 1640, which indicates

2.40 ;")! +he ti$e range is based on the local ti$e and takes into account Daylight

'avings +i$e, if it a%%lies to your locale!

*f the end ti$e %recedes the start ti$e, O' assu$es that the end ti$e refers to the

following day! For e5a$%le, 20.0002.00 indicates H.00 ;" as the start ti$e and 02.00

A" of the ne5t day as the end ti$e!

ou can then click O9to save your entries and e5it the %age! +he acku% &indows %age

rea%%ears! Or click Cancelto void the o%eration and $ove back one %age!

Obtool has a grou% of co$$ands that enable you to configure backu% windows! A backu%

window enables you to s%ecify a ti$e fra$e for the e5ecution of scheduled backu%

o%erations!

ou can identify a single backu% window that a%%lies to all days of the week or finetune

backu% windows based on s%ecific days or dates!

&hen you create a backu% window, you s%ecify the ti$e and day range by using this

synta5!

S"nta2

addbw L ti$est ti$erangeM,ti$erangeN!!!

days%ecifierM,days%ecifierN!!!


35/48

+he tim#4ran;#re%resents a ti$eofday range as in this synta5!

For e5a$%le, 0H.00.000H.40.00 or 164016.47.40!

S"nta2

S"nta2 1 of (



S"nta2 ( of (

startti$eendti$e

+he da.4&7#+i"i#rre%resents a range of ti$e in ter$s of days as in this synta5!

S"nta2

S"nta2 1 of (



S"nta2 ( of (

year$onthday P $onthday P wday P wdaywday P weekdayMsN P

weekendMsN P daily P today P yesterday

wday..Q

sundayMsN P $ondayMsN P tuesdayMsN P wednesdayMsN P

thursdayMsN P fridayMsN P saturdayMsN

*f no backu% windows are identified, then scheduled backu%s will not run! +he default

backu% window has a days%ecifier of daily 00.0026.00!

+he obtool co$$ands for backu% windows include

addbw

+he add'/co$$and is used to add a new backu% window!

chkbw

+he +-0'/co$$and is used to check for the e5istence of a backu% window!

lsbw

+he (&'/co$$and is used to list backu% windows!

rmbw* and

+he rm'/co$$and is used to re$ove a backu% window or s%ecific ti$e ranges!

setbw


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+he t'/co$$and is used to change the settings of a backu% window!

,uetion

&hich state$ents accurately describe backu% windowsB

Option-

1! +hey are ti$e ranges within which O' %erfor$s scheduled backu% 3obs

2! ou can finetune backu% windows based on s%ecific days or dates

4! ou $ust $anually create a backu% window for a scheduled backu% 3ob to run

6! A backu% will continue %ast the s%ecified end ti$e if inco$%lete

Aner

Option 1:This option is correct. % backup window is a time range within whichOS performs scheduled backup Fobs. Aou must have at least one backup

window for scheduled backup Fobs to run.

Option 2:This option is correct. Aou can identify a single backup window that

applies to all days of the week, or fine-tune backup windows to specific weekdays

or dates.

Option 3:This option is incorrect. Aou must have at least one backup window for

scheduled backup Fobs to run. % default backup window is always created, and is

identified as daily +-0@+.

Option 4:This option is incorrect. 3hen the backup window end time arrives,

OS completes any backups that have already been started. 8o more backups

are started until the window opens again or a new window opens.

Correct aner/0-

1! +hey are ti$e ranges within which O' %erfor$s scheduled backu% 3obs

2! ou can finetune backu% windows based on s%ecific days or dates

A backu% schedule indicates to O' what data to back u% and how to back it u%!

+o create a schedule with the O' &eb tool, there are a nu$ber of ste%s you need to

e5ecute.

#rap$ic

The ackup page is open.


37/48

1! Fro$ the acku% %age, click the Sc$edulelink under 'ettings!

2! +he acku%. 'chedules %age a%%ears! acku% schedules a%%ear in the 'chedule #a$e bo5 in the

central %anel! 8lick the Addbutton to add a new schedule!

The other buttons in the ackup+ Schedules page are 5dit, $emove, and $ename. The page has a table

with Schedule 8ame, dataset, $estrict, and *riority as columns. The table is empty with no schedule

added.

4! +he acku%. 'chedules #ew 'chedules %age a%%ears! nter a na$e for the schedule in the 'chedule

field!

6! nter a %riority nu$ber for the backu% 3ob in the ;riority field!

In this example, the priority number is entered as .

7! *n the Datasets bo5, select one or $ore datasets to include in the backu% 3ob!

In this example, the datasets listed are 8536(/I58TS' and OS6catalog.

+o co$%lete the backu% schedule creation, you can e5ecute a few o%tional ste%s.

1! 'elect one or $ore restrictions in the Restrictions bo5! ou can restrict scheduled backu%s to

s%ecific devices!

In this example, the restrictions listed in the $estrictions field are vt, vtQedrsr0p, and

Qedrsr0p.

2! nter any infor$ation that you want to store with the backu% schedule in the 8o$$ents field!

+he obtool co$$ands for backu% schedules include

chsched

+he +-&+-#dco$$and is used to change an e5isting backu% schedule!

lssched

+he (&&+-#dco$$and is used to list backu% schedules!

mksched

+he m0&+-#dco$$and is used to $ake a new backu% schedule!

rensched* and

+he r#n&+-#dco$$and is used to assign a new na$e to a schedule!

rmsched

+he rm&+-#dco$$and is used to re$ove a schedule!

Su!!ar"

*n this to%ic, youCve learned to back u% O' file syste$s with O' and create datasets!

ouCve also learned to configure backu% windows!


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Creating Backup 6rigger and On4%e!and Backup ReDuet

Learning Objective


recognize how to create backup triggers

recognize how to create ondemand backup re"uests

1. Creating backup trigger

+o create triggers by using the Oracle 'ecure acku% or O' &eb tool, navigate to

Backup- Sc$edule +eekl"Catalogbackup 6rigger!

+he acku%. 'chedules &eekly 8atalog backu% +riggers %age a%%ears with the

default setting of Day in the +rigger ty%e dro%down list!

-sing the +rigger ty%e dro%down list, select a ti$e re%resentation for defining when to

%erfor$ the backu% 3ob!

+he list of acce%table values are

#rap$ic

In this example, !ay is selected as the value in the Trigger type drop-down list.

oneti$e to %erfor$ a backu% only once

day (default)to %erfor$ a backu% one or $ore days during the week

$onth to %erfor$ a backu% one day a $onth

uarter to %erfor$ a backu% one day %er uarter, and

year to %erfor$ a backu% one day during the year

+here are additional ste%s you need to %erfor$ to create triggers.

1! 'elect a backu% level fro$ the acku% level dro%down list! ou can choose full, incr, offite, or

an incre$ental level fro$ one through nine!

In this example, the ackup level is selected as full.


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2! 'elect the hour and $inute to start the backu% in the acku% at fields!

The ackup at fields have two drop-down lists B hours and minutes. In this example, the hours and

minutes are specified as .

4! 'elect a $edia fa$ily to be used by this scheduled backu% in the "edia fa$ily dro%down list!

In this example, the "edia family is specified as null.

6! O%tionally, choose an e5%iration ti$e %eriod in the 5%ire after fields (in seconds, $inutes, hours, days,

weeks, $onths, years, or forever)! *f the scheduled backu% is not started by this ti$e, it is deleted and not

run at all!

The 5xpire after fields contains a text box and a list box. 8o data is specified in the text box but disabled

is selected from the list.

our selection in the +rigger ty%e dro%down list deter$ines the following screens! *n this

e5a$%le, the %a"o%tion is selected!

'elect the days on which O' will run the scheduled backu%! our choices are

Selectdail", which triggers the schedule to run on all seven days of the week

Selecteekda", which triggers the backu% to run on weekdays only ("onday through Friday),

and

Selecteekend, which triggers the backu% to run only on weekends ('aturday and 'unday)

Alternatively, fro$ both the Select eekda"and Select eekendfields, you can select

a $i5 of individual days on which you can trigger scheduled backu%s to run (for e5a$%le,

"onday, +uesday, and 'aturday at H.00 A")!

O%tionally, select an o%tion fro$ the &eekin$onth grou%! +his o%tion enables you to

li$it

which week in the $onth the backu% schedule will run!

+he choices you have are All, which includes all weeks or Selected /&irt* Second*

6$ird* &ourt$* &ift$* and Lat0, which enables you to s%ecify the week to include!

#rap$ic

In this example, the %ll option is selected in the 3eek in month group.

+o continue creating a backu% trigger, o%tionally s%ecify weekday e5ce%tions fro$ the

5ce%t list! An e5ce%tion %revents O' fro$ backing u% data on the day that you s%ecify!

+he choices are none(default), which disables an e5ce%tion and e2cept, which enables

an e5ce%tion!

'elect a value fro$ the +i$e list! +he choices are before, which enables you to s%ecify


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an e5ce%tion before a s%ecified day and after, which enables you to s%ecify an e5ce%tion

after a s%ecified day!

'elect values fro$ the '%ecify day f ields! Fro$ the first field, your choices are none,

firt, econd, t$ird, fourt$, and lat! Fro$ the second field, your choices are Monda",

6ueda", +edneda", 6$urda", &rida", Saturda", and Sunda"!

#rap$ic

The Specify day field consists of two drop-down lists. In this example, the 5xcept,

Time, and Specify day drop-down fields are specified as none.

Finally, there are a nu$ber of o%tions for $anaging the trigger youSve created.

click Add

8lick Addto acce%t your entries and add the trigger! ou are returned to the +riggers %agewith a success $essage!

+he schedule is dis%layed in the +riggers field! +he schedule dis%lays the level of the

backu%, the ti$e at which it is to begin, and the days on which the backu% is to be

%erfor$ed!

The Triggers field consists of I!, /evel, Time, and !ay and !ate columns.

click 'dit

8lick 'ditto $odify the trigger!

click Re!ove* and

8lick Re!oveto delete the trigger!

click Cancel

8lick Cancelto void the o%eration and $ove back one %age!

,uetion

&hich o%tions can be configured when creating a backu% triggerB

Option-

1! acku% level

2! 8atalog na$e

4! &eekday e5ce%tions

6! 5%ire before date

7! +rigger ty%e

Aner


41/48


42/48

OS .0 has a predefined OSB4CATALOG4DSschedule to back up your OS

catalog. ecause this daily backup should not be encrypted, the 5ncryption

parameter is set to No.

+he ;review, in this e5a$%le, dis%lays the October 200H calendar!

(. Creating on4de!and backup reDuet

+o create an onde$and backu% reuest with the Oracle 'ecure acku% or O' &eb

tool, you click the BackupNolink under the O%erations section of the acku% %age!

#rap$ic

The ackup page has two sections B Operations and Settings.

+he acku%. acku% #ow %age a%%ears! *n the backu% bo5 in the central %anel, eachbacku% reuest that you have created but have not yet sent to the scheduler is dis%layed!

acku% reuests are identified by a backu% na$e and nu$ber! +o create a new backu%,

click the Addbutton!

#rap$ic

The central panel consists of two columns B 8umber and !ataset.

+he acku%. acku% #ow O%tions %age a%%ears! 'elect one or $ore datasets fro$ the

Datasets bo5!

#rap$ic

The !atasets box consists of 8536(/I58TS' and OS6catalog datasets.

+o continue creating an onde$and backu% reuest, o%tionally select a future date and

ti$e for the backu% to run fro$ the acku% date and acku% ti$e fields! *f you leave

these fields unchanged, O' considers your backu% 3ob i$$ediately available for

e5ecution!

Also enter an e5%iration ti$e in the 5%ire after field! Do this if you want O' toauto$atically delete this backu% 3ob if it has not started within the s%ecified e5%iration

%eriod after the date and ti$e intervals defined earlier in the acku% date and acku%

ti$e fields!

#rap$ic


43/48

In the ackup+ ackup 8ow K Options page, the ackup date field consists of

three drop-down lists. In this example, the backup date is selected as D, 0D,

0D. The ackup time field consists of two drop-down lists with the time specified

as < hours @< minutes. The 5xpire after field consists of a text box and a drop-

down list. The option, disabled, is selected from the drop-down list.

+here are a nu$ber of additional ste%s you %erfor$ to create an onde$and backu%

reuest.

'elect a backu% level fro$ the acku% level field! +he choices are full(default), 1to E, incr, and

offite!

In this example, the backup level is specified as full.

'elect a $edia fa$ily to which the data of this backu% should be assigned fro$ the "edia fa$ily

field!

In this example, the media family is specified as null.

O%tionally, select one or $ore device restrictions fro$ the Restrictions field! O' enables

you to restrict backu%s to

#rap$ic

In this example, the restrictions listed are vt, vtQedrsr0p, and Qedrsr0p.

a s%ecific ta%e drive, dis%layed as devicename

any ta%e drive attached to a s%ecific host, dis%layed as Qhostname, and

any ta%e drivehost attach$ent, dis%layed as devicenameQhostname

*f you do not set a restriction (the default), your backu% 3ob will use any available device

at the discretion of the O' scheduling syste$!

O%tionally, change the %riority of the backu% 3ob in the ;riority field! +he default is 100!

+he %riority of a 3ob is a %ositive integer value! +he lower this value, the greater the

%riority assigned to the 3ob by the scheduler! *t considers %riority 20 3obs, for e5a$%le,

$ore i$%ortant than %riority 100 3obs!

+he scheduler always gives %reference to dis%atching higher %riority 3obs over lower

%riority ones!

#rap$ic

In this example, priority is set to .


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8hoose whether you want the backu% to o%erate in the %rivileged or the un%rivileged

$ode! +he un%rivileged $ode is the default! An un%rivileged backu% runs under your

-#*> user identity or &indows account identity, as configured in your O' user %rofile!

our access to filesyste$ data, therefore, is constrained by the rights of the -#*> user or

&indows account having that identity! On -#*> syste$s, a %rivileged backu% runs under

the root user identity! On &indows syste$s, it runs under the sa$e account identity as

the O' service on the &indows client!

+o co$%lete creating an onde$and backu% reuest, you can choose one of the o%tions.

8lick O9to acce%t your selections! &hen you do so, O' dis%lays this backu% reuest in the list

bo5 on the acku% #ow %age!

8lick Cancelto void the o%eration and $ove back one %age!

,uetion

&hen creating an onde$and backu% reuest, which ste%s $ust be %erfor$edB

Option-

1! 8reating a new backu%

2! ntering an e5%iration ti$e

4! 'electing a backu% level

6! 'electing the device restrictions

7! 'etting the %riority level of the backu% 3ob

Aner

Option 1:This option is correct. To create a new backup, you click theAddbutton

on the ackup 8ow page. This opens the Options page.

Option 2:This option is incorrect. Aou can optionally enter an expiration time in

the 5xpire after field. Aou do this if you want OS to automatically delete the

backup Fob if it has not started within the specified expiration period after the date

and time intervals defined in the ackup date and ackup time fields.

Option 3:This option is correct. 3hen creating an on-demand backup, you can

specify full 1default2, to D, incr, and offsite as options for the backup level.

Option 4:This option is incorrect. Selecting device restrictions is optional when

creating an on-demand backup. OS allows you to restrict a specific tape drive,

any tape drive attached to a specific host, and any tape drive-host attachment.


45/48

Option 5:This option is incorrect. 3hen creating an on-demand backup, you can

optionally change the priority of the backup Fob in the *riority field. The default is

.

Correct aner/0-

1! 8reating a new backu%

4! 'electing a backu% level

+o send backu% reuests to the scheduler, %erfor$ the following ste%s in the O' &eb

tool.

Fro$ the acku% %age, click the BackupNolink under O%erations!

+he acku%. acku% #ow %age a%%ears! 8lick the #obutton!

O' sends each backu% reuest that a%%ears in the #u$berDataset central %anel to thescheduler! A $essage a%%ears in the status section for each reuest acknowledged by the

scheduler!

O' deletes each backu% reuest u%on its acce%tance by the scheduler! As a result, the

#u$berDataset central %anel is e$%ty u%on co$%letion of the 9o o%eration!

+o view the status of your 3ob, go to the "anage %age and click the 7oblink! On the

"anage. Eobs %age, click the S$o6rancriptbutton to see the out%ut of your 3ob!

#rap$ic

The "anage+ obs page provides a table with I!, Type, Time, and Status as

columns. Two rows currently exist for Fob I!s B admin' and admin'.. %part from

the Show Transcript button, the other buttons include Show *roperties and %pply.

On the "anage. Eobs %age in the O' &eb tool, you can view a list of 3obs according to

your selection criteria!

+o review a 3ob, click a 3ob, and then do one of the following.

#rap$ic

In this example, the admin'. Fob I! is selected.

click t$e S$o 3ropertie button or


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+he Eob ;ro%erties %age for the ad$in1!1 3ob *D o%ens!

The ob *roperties page lists the various properties, such as Type, /evel, #amily,

Scheduled time, 5xpire time, and *riority.

click t$e S$o 6rancript button

+he Eob +ranscri%t


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Uinclude %ath ho$eoraclelabsU on the second line, and UU on the third line! &hen

co$%lete, save the dataset!

Step lit

Intruction

1! 8lick Backup

2! 8lick %ataet

4! 8lick Add

6! +y%e m.(a'&in the #a$e te5t bo5 and %ress 'nter

7! 8lick the include $otline in the te$%late, ty%e (o+a(-o&t ), and %ress 'nter

! +y%e in+(ud# 7at- -om#ora+(#(a'&and %ress 'nter

G! +y%e 1and %ress 'nter

H! 8lick Save

6ak (- :erif"ing a dataet

ou now want to verify that your dataset was created successfully! 8heck the $ylabs

dataset for errors and then close the Dataset rrors %age!

Step lit

Intruction

1! 'elect !"lab

2! 8lick C$eck %ataet

4! 8lick Cloe

6ak - Backing up a dataet

ou now want to create a backu% of the $ylabs dataset! Access the acku% #ow %age

and create a new backu%! '%ecify vdrive1 and vdrive2 as restrictions! 8onfir$ the

changes to return to the acku% #ow %age! +hen sub$it the changes to the scheduler!

Step litIntruction

1! 8lick Backup

2! 8lick Backup No

4! 8lick Add

6! 'elect !"labfro$ the Datasets list bo5


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Step lit

Intruction

7! 'elect vdrive1fro$ the Restrictions list bo5

! 'elect vdrive(fro$ the Restrictions list bo5

G! 8lick O9

H! 'elect !"lab

I! 8lick #o

6ak ;- :ieing backup infor!ation

Access the Eobs %age and dis%lay all active, co$%lete, and %ending file syste$ backu%

and dataset 3obs!

Oracle Database 11g RMAN and Oracle Secure Backup

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Transcript of Oracle Database 11g RMAN and Oracle Secure Backup