OPV Solar Cells - Roll to Roll process - overview
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Transcript of OPV Solar Cells - Roll to Roll process - overview
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Roll-to-roll processing and product integration of polymer solar cells
Solar Energy Seminar ZON-dag
Frederik Christian Krebs Solar Energy Programme, Ris National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy
Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Frederik Christian Krebs2
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Frederik Christian Krebs3
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Frederik Christian Krebs4
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Overview
What are plastic solar cells good for ? Demonstrations Learning curves and LCA How are they manufactured Roll-to-roll coating (electrodes) Is R2R coating scientific?
Frederik Christian Krebs5
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Serves the purpose of honing our understanding of the capacity of the technology
It helps us in transferring the technology to industry Grid connected OPV Suntiles has been displayed at DDC (by designer Astrid Krogh)
Frederik Christian Krebs6
What are plastic solar cells good for - Demonstration
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Outside demonstration
Frederik Christian Krebs7
Silicon (12-24%), 25+ years of lifetime (outdoor), expensive OPV (1-8 %), 1 year of lifetime (outdoor), cheap Not a fair comparison 1st generation 1 month 2nd generation 6 months 3rd generation running (6.09 kWh produced)
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It is better now but very expensive - still
Frederik Christian Krebs8
Optics Express (2010), 18, Issue S3, A286-A292.
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Frederik Christian Krebs9
Making it useful - Ligting Africa 100 Million people with no light after 18:00 PM (subsaharan Africa) A budget of 28-56 year-1 for lighting (kerosene) The possibility for a low cost light weight OPV solution (< 3 )
Energy & Environmental Science (2010), 3, 512-525
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Frederik Christian Krebs10
Ligting Africa - Zambia
Field tests in Zambia
Energy & Environmental Science (2010), 3, 512-525
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The next lamps - Mali
Smaller outline Lower cost Two new designs so far
Frederik Christian Krebs11
J. Mater. Chem. (2010), http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0jm01178a
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OPV has a steep leaning curve
OPV ~10 years old, Silicon 50 years old Small applications should be sought now while maintaining the
energy production goal If the low cost potential can be reached then it is still justified
Frederik Christian Krebs12
J. Mater. Chem. (2010), http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0jm01178a
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Life cycle analysis
1.35-2.02 years EPBT is obtained based on real data (still not taking LCOE) into account
Frederik Christian Krebs13
Embodied energy
Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells (2010), doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2010.08.020
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We have got to think about the materials we use
Frederik Christian Krebs14
Cumulative energy requirements for raw materials production.
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How are they manufactured
Frederik Christian Krebs15
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Roll-to-roll coating
Much lower capital investment zero in some cases Simple printing equipment from small to large scale Fast manufacture 45 seconds for an A4 sheet
Frederik Christian Krebs16
Nanoscale (2010), 2, 873-886.
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All layers have to be roll-to-roll coated/compatible
ITO (R2R evaporated, R2R patterned) Easy but get rid of ITO ETL (R2R coated) Easy Active (R2R coated) Easy HTL (R2R coated) Easy if wetting is understood Electrode (R2R printed) Easy, at least I thought so Lamination (R2R) Easy but difficult
if a good seal is needed
Frederik Christian Krebs17
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LBIC is useful to see relative differences at the cell level
Frederik Christian Krebs18
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LBIC also has limitations
Frederik Christian Krebs19
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Is R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimony
The typical R2R coated solar cell Huge parameter space
Frederik Christian Krebs20
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Is R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimony
Frederik Christian Krebs21
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Is R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimony
Frederik Christian Krebs22
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Is R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimony
Little materials usage and very fast
Frederik Christian Krebs23
60 mg P3HT60 mg PCBM200 devices
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Good control over the thickness
Is R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimony
Frederik Christian Krebs24
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Good control over the thickness, no optical interference
Is R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimony
Frederik Christian Krebs25
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Conclusions
OPV is coming The impact OPV will have on our use of energy is still an open
question OPV can be demonstrated OPV has a very steep learning curve R2R coating may seem industrial but it can actually be used as a
very powerful scientific tool
Frederik Christian Krebs26
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Thanks to:
Mikkel Jrgensen Kion Norrman Ole Hagemann Jan Alstrup Matthieu Manceau Eva Bundgaard Hanne Lauritzen Torben D. Nielsen Nieves Espinoza David Tanenbaum Morten V. Madsen Kristian Sylvester-Hvid Jon E. Carl Kristian Larsen Ole Kristoffersen Suren A. Gevorgyan Martin Helgesen Thue T. Larsen-Olsen Roar Sndergaard Jens W. Andreasen Mette Mikkelsen
Frederik Christian Krebs27
Thomas Tromholt Dechan Angmo Jacob Jensen Henrik Friis-Dam Peter Sommer-Larsen Birgit Jensen
Roll-to-roll processing and product integration of polymer solar cells Solar Energy Seminar ZON-dagDianummer 2Dianummer 3Dianummer 4OverviewWhat are plastic solar cells good for - DemonstrationOutside demonstrationIt is better now but very expensive - stillMaking it useful - Ligting AfricaLigting Africa - ZambiaThe next lamps - MaliOPV has a steep leaning curveLife cycle analysisWe have got to think about the materials we useHow are they manufacturedRoll-to-roll coatingAll layers have to be roll-to-roll coated/compatibleLBIC is useful to see relative differences at the cell levelLBIC also has limitationsIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyIs R2R coating scientific? accuracy and parsimonyConclusionsThanks to: