Optics Notes
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Transcript of Optics Notes
![Page 1: Optics Notes](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061221/54be93b74a7959764d8b45a8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Optics
Chapter 15
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What is Optics?
• The study of how light behaves
Uses:1. lenses (bend light)2. mirrors (reflect light) 3. prisms (separate light)
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What are Light Rays?• Imaginary lines that follow single beams of light– Shows path of the wave– Is perpendicular to the wave front
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• Light rays travel in straight lines– BUT change medium, direction of travel changes
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Mirrors & Reflection
• A mirror shows an image that looks behind the mirror & flipped
• Rays reflected back at an equal but opposite angle
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• The two rays with reflection: 1. Incident Ray: ray coming from object 2. Reflected Ray: ray bouncing off mirror
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• The Law of Reflection – Light rays bounce off a mirror at the same angle at
which they arrive– Angles relative to the normal (perpendicular line)
– Example: if a ray came in at an angle 50° from the normal, it would be reflected at the same angle, 50°
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Refraction & Lenses
• Refraction: light is bent as it travels from one medium and into different one
• Lenses – transparent materials that bend light
• Focal Point: Light rays enter a lens parallel to its axis and then bend to meet at focal point
• Focal Length: Distance from center of the lens to the focal point
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• 2 kinds of lenses:1. Converging Lens: bend light rays toward the
focal point• Magnifies object
2. Diverging Lens: bend light rays outward, away from focal point
• Reduces object
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What is an Image?
• All light rays are brought together at one point– Images differ from objects – • an object is real…an image is not
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Types of Images• 2 Types1. Real Image – inverted image to right of lens– Object left of lens – Object distance greater than the focal length
• Ex) Our eyes: • we see objects upside down, our brain has to flip it
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2. Virtual Image– Object & image are left of
lens – Compared to object, the
image is:1. smaller (closer to lens)2. bigger (far from lens)
– Ray don’t actually meet to make an image
– Ex)Magnifying glass, microscope, optical illusions
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Works Cited
• Hsu Ph.D., Tom. Foundations of Physical Science. 1st ed. Peabody: Cambridge Physics Outlet, 2002. 255-266. Print.
• Microsoft Office PowerPoint ClipArt. 2000. • VirtualImage.png. 2012. Photograph.
WikipediaWeb. 23 May 2012. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:VirtualImage.png .