Optical Phenomena & Other Uses of Light
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Transcript of Optical Phenomena & Other Uses of Light
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Optical Optical Phenomena & Phenomena & Other Uses of Other Uses of
LightLight
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Types of Optical Types of Optical PhenomenaPhenomena
1.1. Total Internal ReflectionTotal Internal Reflection2.2. Atmospheric RefractionAtmospheric Refraction3.3. DispersionDispersion4.4. Lens AberrationsLens Aberrations
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Total Internal ReflectionTotal Internal Reflection
The complete reflection of light at the boundary of two transparent media.
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Total Internal ReflectionTotal Internal ReflectionOccurs when light travels from a medium with a higher n value to a medium with a lower n value. (ex. From water to air)
WATER
AIR
θc
θc = Critical Angle = angle at which total internal reflection occurs.
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Total Internal ReflectionTotal Internal Reflection
Snell’s law can be used to find the critical angle.
ni (sin θc) = nr (sin 90)sin θc = nr/ni
* For total internal reflection to occur, nr is always less than ni.
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Total Internal ReflectionTotal Internal Reflection(Fiber Optics)(Fiber Optics)
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Atmospheric RefractionAtmospheric Refraction
The sun is visible before actual sunrise and after actual sunset.
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Atmospheric Refraction Atmospheric Refraction (Mirages)(Mirages)
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DispersionDispersion
Separation of polychromatic light (white light) to its component wavelengths.Light bends more from red to violet.
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Dispersion (Rainbows)Dispersion (Rainbows)
Rainbows are created by dispersion of light in water droplets.
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Lens Aberrations Lens Aberrations (spherical)(spherical)
Spherical aberrations are caused because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape with which to make a lens, but they are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished.
Image imperfections caused by approximations of the focal length in the lens theory.
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Lens Aberrations Lens Aberrations (chromatic)(chromatic)
Chromatic aberrations occur when different colors of light focus at different distances behind a lens.
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Lens Aberrations Lens Aberrations (chromatic)(chromatic)
Aberration
No Aberration- corrected/reduced by using a
combination of converging and diverging lenses of two different types of glass.