OPTICAL FIBER

What are the Optical Fiber?

Optical fiber refers to the medium and the technology associated with the transmission of information as light impulses along a glass or plastic wire or fiber.

Refraction of Optical Fiber

Total internal reflection. High index core

Low index core. Individual Fiber

Image of Optical Fiber

Character statics of Optical Fiber

The relatively smaller cross section of Optic-Fiber cables allows room for substantial growth of the capacity in existing conduits. Optic-Fiber characteristics can be classified as linear and nonlinear. Nonlinear characteristics are influenced by parameters, such as bit rates, channel spacing, and power levels.

Different Types of Optical Fiber

Mainly Three Types of Optical Fiber:

(a) Multimode (b) Single Mode (c) Photonics

Multimode 1. Step Index

Plastic and liquid Silica high purity Silica Doped Fluoride Incoherent and imaging bundles Tapered fibers

2. Gradient Index

Single Mode

Photonics 1. Silica cavity2. Hollow cavity

Advantage of Optical Fiber

Bandwidth: Optic-Fiber cables have a much greater bandwidth than metal cables. The amount of information that can be transmitted per unit time of fiber over other transmission media is its most significant advantage.

Low Power Loss: This allows for longer transmission distances. In comparison to copper; in a network, the longest recommended copper distance is 100m while with fiber, it is 2000m.

Interference: Fiber optic cables are immune to electromagnetic interference. It can also be run in electrically noisy environments without concern as electrical noise will not affect fiber.

Weight: Fiber optic cables are much thinner and lighter than metal wires. Lighter weight makes fiber easier to install.

Safety: Since the fiber is a dielectric, it does not present a spark hazard.

Disadvantages of Optical Fiber

Cost: Cables are expensive to install but last longer than copper cables.

Transmission: transmission on optical fiber requires repeating at distance intervals.

Fragile: Fibers can be broken or have transmission loses when wrapped around curves of only a few centimeters radius.

Protection: Optical fibers require more protection around the cable compared to copper.

Application of Optical Fiber

Applications: Networking, Gigabit,

Ethernet, Harsh Environment, Military, Aerospace & Avionics, Unmanned Aerial, Vehicles, Data Storage Equipment, Simulation, Broadcast, and more...

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