Operational Reactor Safety - MIT OpenCourseWare. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008 Department of Nuclear Science...
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008 Page 1 Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering Operational Reactor Safety 22.091/22.903 Professor Andrew C. Kadak Professor of the Practice Lecture 8 Power Cycles for Nuclear Plants Rankine and Brayton
Transcript of Operational Reactor Safety - MIT OpenCourseWare. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008 Department of Nuclear Science...
Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 1Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Operational Reactor Safety22.091/22.903
Professor Andrew C. KadakProfessor of the Practice
Lecture 8Power Cycles for Nuclear Plants
Rankine and Brayton
Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 2Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Topics to be Covered• Review of Rankine Cycle
– Basic
– Superheat
– Multi-fluid cycles
• Brayton cycle
• Pressure Ratios
Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 3Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Important Terms and Concepts
• Enthaply - h = Btu/lbm (heat content)
• Entropy - Btu/0R
• Specific Heat - Cp Btu/lbm 0R at constant pressure
• Mass Flow Rate = m - lbm/hr
• Pressure Ratio - P2/P1 (For gas systems)
• Power – Watts - Btu/hr
• Work - Btu
• Efficiency - (Wt - Wp) / Qin (Heat Added)
.
..
Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 4Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Governing Equations• Heat Transfer
– Mass flow, specific heat, temperature
– Mass flow, specific enthalpy
– Efficiency factors – heat loss
• Use of Steam Tables
• Quality
Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 5Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Thermal Efficiency = Heat Added - Heat RejectedHeat Added
Rankine Cycle
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 6Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Important Equations
Qin = m (h1 - hB)Wt = m (h1 - h2)Wp = m (hB - h3)
...
Qin = Cp m (Tin – Tou).
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 7Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Rankine Cycle with Feedwater Heaters
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 8Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 9Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Power Cycles
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 10Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Binary Cycle Plants
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 11Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Gas Reactor Cycles
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 12Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Brayton Gas Cycle - Open
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 13Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Perfect Gas Relationships
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 14Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Indirect Brayton Open Cycle
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 15Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
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Brayton Cycle – Direct Closed
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 16Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Indirect Closed Cycle – Gas to Gas
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 17Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Indirect Gas to Steam Generator
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 18Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Specific Heats of Gases
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 19Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Ideal Brayton Cycle
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 20Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Non-Ideal Brayton Cycle
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 21Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 22Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Gas-Steam Reactor Power Plant
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 23Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 24Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 25Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
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Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 26Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Reading and Homework Assignment
1. Outside Reading El Wakil Chapters 7, 8
1. Handout Problem
Prof. Andrew C. Kadak, 2008Page 27Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering
Handout Problem
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22.091 Nuclear Reactor SafetySpring 2008
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