Operation and Manufacturing Processes
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OPERATIONS OPERATIONS ANDANDPRODUCTIONPRODUCTION MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
Warsaw University of TechnologyWarsaw University of TechnologyFaculty of Production EngineeringFaculty of Production Engineering
Institute for Organization of Production SystemsInstitute for Organization of Production Systems
PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
MSc. Małgorzata Zalewska-Traczyk
OPMAN exercises ©M.Zalewska-Traczyk
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Mission – What we do?
Vision – What we aspire to be?
The Strategy Focused
Organization
Strategies – How we accomplish our goals
Measures – Indicators of our progress
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� Introduced in 1992, by Robert Kaplanand David Norton, the BalancedScorecard is the most commonly usedframework for ensuring that agencies
Where it started . . .Where it started . . .
framework for ensuring that agenciesexecute their strategies.
� Today, about 70% of the Fortune 1,000companies utilize the Balanced Scorecard tohelp manage performance.
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What What is it?is it?
� The Balanced Scorecard is a managementtool that provides stakeholders with acomprehensive measure of how theorganization is progressing towards theorganization is progressing towards theachievement of its strategic goals.
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The Balanced ScorecardThe Balanced Scorecard
� Balances financial and non-financial measures
� Balances short and long-term measures
� Balances performance drivers (leading indicators) with outcome measures (lagging indicators) with outcome measures (lagging indicators)
� To give a complete picture of organizational performance
� Leads to strategic focus and organizational alignment.
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The Balanced Scorecard• To achieve strategic objectives. • To provide quality with fewer resources.• To eliminate non-value added efforts.• To align customer priorities and
expectations with the customer.expectations with the customer.• To track progress.• To evaluate process changes.• To continually improve.• To increase accountability.
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The Five Principles1. Translate the strategy to operational
terms.2. Align the organization to the strategy.
The Strategy Focused
Organization
2. Align the organization to the strategy.3. Make strategy everyone’s job.4. Make strategy a continual process.5. Mobilize change through executive
leadership
Source: The Strategy Focused Organization, Norton & Kaplan
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FINANCIAL/REGULATORYTo satisfy our constituents, what financial & regulatory
objectives must we accomplish?
CUSTOMERTo achieve our vision,
what customer needs must we serve?
INTERNAL
THE BALANCED SCORECARDTHE BALANCED SCORECARD
stakeholders, in which business
INTERNALTo satisfy our customers and
stakeholders, in which business processes must we excel?
LEARNING & GROWTHTo achieve our goals, how
must we learn, communicate and grow?
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Customer Perspective
Customer Satisfaction (Average)
Satisfaction Gap Analysis (Satisfaction vs.
MeasuresMeasures
To achieve our vision, what customer needs
must we serve?
Satisfaction Gap Analysis (Satisfaction vs.
Level of Importance)
Satisfaction Distribution (% of each area
scored)
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Financial / Regulatory Perspective
Cost / Unit
Unfunded Requirements or Projects
Cost of Service
MeasuresMeasures
Cost of Service
Budget Projections and Targets
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Internal Perspective
Cycle Time
Completion Rate
MeasuresMeasures
To satisfy our customers, in which business
processes must we excel?
Completion Rate
Workload and Employee Utilization
Transactions per employee
Errors or Rework
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Learning and Growth
To achieve our goals and accomplish core activities,
how must we learn, communicate and work together?
MeasuresMeasures
Employee Satisfaction
Retention and Turnover
Training Hours and Resources
Technology Investment
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Why Measure?Why Measure?
• To determine how effectively and efficiently the process or service satisfies the customer.
• To identify improvement opportunities.
• To make decisions.
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Advantages to this Approach
� Simple to Use and Understand� Based on Vision and Strategy� Multidimensional
•Quantitative and Qualitative Measures•Quantitative and Qualitative Measures•Current and Future
� Provides Measurement of and Method for Improving our Services
� Ties QI initiatives together� Serves as a Communication Tool
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Customer Business Partners Homeowners
Mission
IncreaseHome Ownership
Increase Market Share Reduce Claims
Housing Strategy Map example: Cause-effect hypotheses
Strategic Competencies Strategic Technology Climate for Action
Infrastructure Applications
Processes Value Chain (faster, better, or cheaper)
Receive Applications
ProcessApplications
ServiceMortgages
Develop LoanPrograms
Skills, Technology, Motivation
Source: Presentation by Patrick Plunkett Department of Housing & Urban Development July 20, 2006
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BalancedBalancedScorecardScorecardIllustratedIllustrated
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ConclusionConclusion
♦ Can be used to:
- clarify and update strategy
- communicate strategy throughout the company
- align unit and individual goals with the strategy
GEN0190n.ppt 16
- link strategic objectives to long term targets & annual budgets
- identify and align strategic initiatives
- conduct periodic performance reviews to learn about and improve strategy
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Software used at Software used at Ericsson Ericsson (”Cockpit (”Cockpit communicator”)communicator”)
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Kaplan, Robert and Norton, Edward. The Balanced Scorecard.Harvard Business Publishing, 1998
Kaplan, Robert and Norton, Edward. The Strategy-Focused Organization.Harvard Business Publishing, 2001
Book
Buckingham, Marcus and Coffman, Curt. First, Break All the Rules The Gallup Organization, 1999
Brown, Mark. Keeping Score. Mark Graham Brown, 1996
http://www.afd.calpoly.edu/afd/Strategic_plan/
http://cqi.csusb.edu/
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What we will be doing?What we will be doing?
1. Read Case Study 2GC
2. I would have a … minute break and 2. I would have a … minute break and have them write down how they could use The Balanced Scorecard for our case RCM
OPMAN exercises ©M.Zalewska-Traczyk
7-Nov-13
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Thank you!Thank you!Thank you!Thank you!
OPMAN exercises ©M.Zalewska-Traczyk