Operation 25 & Marita By: Brooklyn Lee Sunny Malhotra Krishna Rao Brooke Wilkes Nicole McHugh.
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Transcript of Operation 25 & Marita By: Brooklyn Lee Sunny Malhotra Krishna Rao Brooke Wilkes Nicole McHugh.
ThesisThe ill-planned Italian invasion of Greece crippled the Italian Army but Hitler’s attack on Yugoslavia – caused by a new government in power – and eventual march upon Yugoslavia resulted in an Axis victory and a delayed attack on Russia via Operation Barbarossa
Cause of Operation Marita
Moose already occupied Albania
Thought he could defeat the Greeks in a matter of days
Germany joins fight through Yugoslavia
Completely took advisers and Hitler by surprise
Causes of Operation 25
Axis asked for Yugoslavia to join Tripartite pact
Yugoslav government was bitterly divided
Prince of Yugoslavia, Prince Paul, agrees
Prime minister sought to denounce this campaign
Overthrown in coup d'état because decision is unpopular
Hitler furious and orders invasion of Yugoslavia on March 27
http://img3.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20100701193901/althistory/images/b/ba/1816713_old_yugoslavia_300.gif
Operation Marita (Greece)
Italian attack
Greece was able to hold off the Italians with support from the British
Germany sends troops through Yugoslavia to attack Greece
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Paratroopers_Crete_'41.JPG
Operation 25 (Yugoslavia)
Air attack
Joint attacks
Italians attacked towards Ljubljana
Little resistance against Hungary
Yugoslavian counter
Ends with Armistice
POW guarded by soldiers http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-161-0256-10%2C_Balkan%2C_Sp%C3%A4hpanzer%2C_bulgarische_Soldaten.jpg
Resistance
Yugoslavia
two resistance movements developed in Yugoslavia.
The first and most successful was led by Josef Tito .His communist ‘Partisan Army’ caused the Germans all manner of problems.
The other resistance movement was Mihailovic’s Cetniks, who were royalists and in direct opposition to Tito’s ‘Partisan Army’.
Greece
Greek resistance combined with RAF effort got Italian forces to retreat
Greek resistance ends with Axis officially occupying Athens
Aris Velouchiotis – stood out as a leader in Greece
Outcome of Marita
The invading German forces defeated the Greek forces with relative ease on April 30th.
Axis nations devised a tripartite occupation with the nation divided between German, Italian, and Bulgarian forces
Battle of Crete (Occupied by Germans in the end), while the Luftwaffe began an intensive bombing campaign killing British soldiers on Crete.
Outcome of Operation 25
Yugoslavia surrendered-Axis dismembered Yugoslavia
New borders - includes the annexation of Slovenia
Impacted the lives of Jewish people living in Yugoslavia
“The Germans and their Axis partners murdered more than 67,000 Jews on Yugoslav soil”
Impact and Importance
“Although Operation Marita was an spectacular military success, the German intervention in the Balkans was an ominous intervention, for it delayed Operation Barbarossa (the invasion of the Soviet Union) more than a month.”
“Some historians regard the German campaign in Greece as decisive in determining the course of World War II, maintaining that it fatally delayed the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union.”
Supported that German tanks and trucks are capable of being used in any type of terrain
Germany came out of both invasions with massive land gains
Timeline (Marita)
First Italian offensive: October 28 – November 13, 1940.
Greek counter-offensive: November 14, 1940 – March, 1941.
Second Italian offensive: March 9 – April 23, 1941.
German Offensive on April 6 - 29th
German win: April 30, 1941
Timeline (Operation 25)
The announcement of the agreement with the Germans on March 25
On March 27, Serb military officers overthrew the regency
Hitler was furious and ordered the invasion of Yugoslavia on the evening of March 27.
April 17th King Peter fled to London
Yugoslavia falls to Germany on April 17th 1941.
On June 22nd, Tito used a newspaper to call the people of Yugoslavia to help the Russians
By September 1941, it is estimated that there were about 70,000 resistance fighters in Yugoslavia
In mid-September 1941, Tito met Mihailovic, and teamed up to fight the Germans
Work Cited
Alex, Dan. "Greece WW2 Timeline." Greece WW2 Timeline. www.SecondWorldWarHistory.com, 10 Dec. 2014. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/resistance_movement_in_yugoslavi.htm
"Battle of Greece." New World Encyclopedia. Mediawiki, 3 Jan. 2013. Web. 16 Mar. 2015.
"Battle of Greece - Operation Marita." Asisbiz. N.p., 14 Apr. 2013. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.
"Episode 113-Operation Marita Part 1." The History of WWII Podcast by Ray Harris Jr. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Mar. 2015.
Hart, Stephen A. "Partisans: War in the Balkans 1941 - 1945." BBC News. BBC, 17 Feb. 2011. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.
History.com Staff. "Germany Invades Yu
goslavia and Greece." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.
"PART THREE." THE GERMAN CAMPAIGN IN THE BALKANS (SPRING 1941): PART III. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.
"PART TWO." THE GERMAN CAMPAIGN IN THE BALKANS (SPRING 1941): PART II. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.
Thor. "Operation Marita." History Wars Weapons. History Wars Weapons, 3 Jan. 2010. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.
Trueman, Chris. "The Resistance Movement in Yugoslavia." The Resistance Movement in Yugoslavia. N.p., 2014. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.
UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM. "Axis Invasion of Yugoslavia." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United States Holocaust Memorial Council, 20 June 2014. Web. 12 Mar. 2015.