Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a...
Transcript of Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a...
BgNS TRANSACTIONS volume 20 number 1 (2015) pp. 7–14
Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a Complex Power System
Anton Chaushevski1, Tome Boshevski2, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva11 Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Technology – Skopje, Rugjer Boshkovikj 18, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia2Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts – MANU, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
Abstract. The paper presents the model for power plants operation in a complex power system. According the mathematicalmodel, the software tool can be applied for different analyses and needs of the operators of power plants or power systemoperators. The optimization model takes into account the minimum operating costs of thermal power units in complexpower system for all period (one year). The optimization procedure is made according the power balancing between energydemand and supply for each time interval (1 hour) respecting the operating and technical conditions of the units.
The application of the model in this paper is for projected power system of Macedonia for the period after 2020. The inputparameters of the thermal units and hydro power plants are from Macedonian power system, with operation of a proposednuclear power unit in a power system. The energy demand is according projected needs with hourly loads in a year (8760).The results will be presented for selected weeks in winter and summer period of the year for hourly operation of the powerplants in the power system.
Keywords: power system, reservoir, reversible, hydro power plant
1 Introduction
The paper presents the model for planning the operationrole of the reversible hydro power plant in a complex powersystem consists of thermal and hydro power plants. Theapplication test example for the Macedonian Power Sys-tem is a future projection when the hydro power complexof the Crna River will be finished. Hydro power plantsCebren and Galiste are the most significant investmentsin the Macedonian Energy System planned for the nextdecade. These two hydro power plants together with theexisting HPP Tikves which is downstream of the new onesare enclosing the hydro power complex of Crna River.
This paper gives the analysis for the role of theHPPCebrenand HPP Galiste, together with all other power plants inthe Power System of Macedonia. Taking into accounts thetechnical parameters, the following three scenarios (cases)will be taken into consideration:
• HPP Cebren and HPP Galiste as the ordinary hy-dro power plants which operate only in turbine-generation regime.
• HPP Cebren as a reversible hydro power plant whichcan operate in two regimes: pump-motor regimeand turbine-generation regime, and HPP Galiste asordinary hydro power plant.
• Both HPP Cebren and HPP Galiste as the re-versible hydro power plants, which operate intwo regimes: pump-motor regime and turbine-generation regime.
The analyses are done with the software tool for planningof the complex power system consists of thermal and hy-dro power capacities. The software tool gives few other re-
sults and values as the output of case processing, as thefollowing ones: natural input, reservoir level, pumped wa-ter from down to upper reservoir, turbine discharge, powerbalance and energy balance for each time interval.
2 Model for Operation Role of Reversible HPP
The model for operation planning of the reversible HPP isthe upgraded of the existing model [1,2] which is analyti-cal approach of the objective function. The objective func-tion is the total production costs for electricity generatedfrom thermal power units. Also the model includes theconstrains and conditions for water balances of the HPPs,covering the electricity demand, taking into accounts forthe technical parameters of the hydro and thermal units.The time period, for example one year, can be divided inintervals with a hour duration (8760), or intervals with 24hours duration (365), intervals with week duration (52), orothers.
The modelling of the reversible HPP can be done in twoapproaches:
1. Fixing the pumping water for the reversible HPP foreach time interval.
2. Fixing the electrical energy needed for pumpingregime for the whole period.
The first approach with fixing the pumping water followsthe power for pumping of the fixed amount of water whichis the additional load of the interval
1310–8727 © 2015 Bulgarian Nuclear Society 7
Anton Chaushevski, Tome Boshevski, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva
fixed pumping water Qpumpm (t)→
→ P pumpm (t)→ Pload(t) + P pump
m (t) additional load.
The second approach is the opposite of the first one.With fixing the total electrical energy for the whole pe-riod needed for pumping, follows the electrical power forpumping in each interval and then follows thewater powerfor pumping:
fixed electrical energy Wtotal =
T∑t=1
P pumpm (t)∆t→
→ P pumpm (t)→ Qpump
m (t) pumping water.
The total electricity amount for pumping Wtotal can bethe import contract or other previous contract for TPPunit. The P pump
m (t) in each interval is getting in the op-timization procedure for the whole power plants. The re-lation between power for pumping and water discharge forpumping is given by
P pumpm (t) =
9.81Qpumpm (t)(Hgross + ∆Hlosses)
ηpumpηmotor.
The generating regime for the reversible HPP is the sameas the others HPP. Also, it is very important to deter-mine the time intervals for pumping and time intervals forgeneration. Following the optimization procedure for thewhole power system of thermal and hydro power units; thesolution is approach in the iteration procedure.
3 Existing Power Generation System in Macedonia
The power plants in Macedonia (Figure 1), is dominantlylignite fired thermal power plants (TPP), gas fired TPP, anoil fired TPP, hydro power plants (HPP – Table 1), and in2014 starts with operation the wind farm.
• Lignite TPP – 820 MW, 4500 GWh, (Bitola, Oslomej)• Gas TPP – 280 MW, 2000 GWh, (TE TO Skopje, Ko-gel, Energetika ELEM)
• Oil TPP – 210 MW, 1200 GWh, (Negotino)• HYDRO – 580 MW, 145 GWh and small ones• RENEWABLE, Wind Farm Bogandci of 36.8 MW
Fig.1. the existing power plants in Macedonia
Future projection of new power plants
The planned power plants in Macedonia (Fig.2), are mainly gas fired TPP and HPP (Tab.2),
and also nuclear power as an option. The renewable is expected to penetrate with more
installed power.
Gas TPP – 500MW, 3000 GWh , 2 units
Nuclear – up to 1000 MW, 8000 GWh
HYDRO – near 1000 MW, 2300 GWh
Renewable (up to 400 GWh), Small HPP 60 MW, Wind 150 MW, PV 20 MW
Table 2: New Hydro power plants
Basin Pinst. Wyear Investment
MW GWh mil €
Boskov Most Radika 68.2 117 70
Lukovo pole and HPP Crn Kamen Mavrovo 5 163 45
Galiste Crna river 193.5 264 200
Cebren Crna river 333 340 319
Spilje 2 Crn Drim 72 33 35
Gradec Vardar 54.6 252 157
Veles Vardar 93.0 300 251
10 HPPs in the Vardar valley Vardar 176.8 784 486
TOTAL 1032 2343 1563
Figure 1. The existing power plants in Macedonia.
Table 1. Existing Hydro power plants
Basin Wannual [GWh] Wshare [%]
Mavrovo HPPs 488 33.66Crn Drim HPPs 513 35.38Treska HPPs 190 13.10Crna HPPs 184 12.69Small HPPs 75 5.17TOTAL 1450 100.00
4 Future Projection of New Power Plants
The planned power plants in Macedonia (Figure 2), aremainly gas fired TPP and HPP (Table 2), and also nuclearpower as an option. The renewable is expected to pene-trate with more installed power.
• Gas TPP – 500 MW, 3000 GWh, 2 units
• Nuclear – up to 1000 MW, 8000 GWh
• HYDRO – almost 1000 MW, 2300 GWh
• RENEWABLE (up to 400 GWh), Small HPP 60 MW,Wind 150 MW, PV 20 MW
Fig.2. The new planned power plants in Macedonia
Simulation of power system operation after 2020
The simulation is made for projected power system of Macedonia after 2020, with all existing
generating system and the new power plants. The mail input parameters for simulation of the
cases are:
Yearly Demand of 13000 GWh
Existing TPP Bitola and Gas power plants
New CHP on gas
Existing HPP, New HPP, Lukovo pole, Boskov Most, Gradec
HPP Cebren, HPP Galiste, (conventional or reversible HPP)
For simulation the following scenarios were under investigation:
Power System operation without Nuclear Power
Power System operation with Nuclear Power Plant
Cascade hydropower system on Crna River
The cascade hydro power system of Crna River consists of three HPP, Tikves which operates
over 30 years, and the planned ones, Galiste and Cebren. Tab.3 gives the main technical
parameters of all three HPPs, and Fig.3 shows the layout of the cascade.
Tab.3.Technical parameters of hydro power plants on Crna River
Qinst (m3
/s) Hgross (m) P (MW) Storage volume (106
m3
)
Cebren 3 x 50 174 225 655
Galiste 3 x 50 130 165 260
Tikves 4 x 36 100 116 272
TOTAL 404 506 1187
Figure 2. The new planned power plants in Macedonia.
Table 2. New Hydro power plants
Basin Pinst. Wyear InvestmentMW GWh mil €
Boskov Most Radika 68.2 117 70Lukovo pole andHPP Crn Kamen Mavrovo 5 163 45
Galiste Crna river 193.5 264 200Cebren Crna river 333 340 319Spilje 2 Crn Drim 72 33 35Gradec Vardar 54.6 252 157Veles Vardar 93.0 300 25110 HPPs inthe Vardar valley Vardar 176.8 784 486
TOTAL 1032 2343 1563
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Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a Complex Power System
5 Simulation of Power System Operation after 2020
The simulation is made for projected power system ofMacedonia after 2020, with all existing generating systemand the new power plants. The mail input parameters forsimulation of the cases are:
• Yearly Demand of 13000 GWh• Existing TPP Bitola and Gas power plants• New CHP on gas• Existing HPP, New HPP, Lukovo pole, Boskov Most,Gradec
• HPP Cebren, HPP Galiste, (conventional or re-versible HPP)
For simulation the following scenarios were under inves-tigation:
• Power System operation without Nuclear Power
• Power System operation with Nuclear Power Plant
6 Cascade Hydropower System on Crna River
The cascade hydro power system of Crna River consists ofthree HPP, Tikves which operates over 30 years, and theplanned ones, Galiste and Cebren. Table 3 gives the maintechnical parameters of all three HPPs, and Figure 3 showsthe layout of the cascade.
The simulation cases for analyzing the operation of thecascade in the power system of Macedonia:
Case 1 : Both, Cebren and Galiste are conventional HPP
Case 2 : Cebren is reversible HPP, Galiste is conventionalHPP
Case 3 : Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP
Table 3. Technical parameters of hydro power plants on CrnaRiver
Qinst. Hgross P Storage volume[m3/s] [m] [MW] [106 m3]
Cebren 3 × 50 174 225 655Galiste 3 × 50 130 165 260Tikves 4 × 36 100 116 272TOTAL 404 506 1187
Table 4 and Figure 4 give the results for yearly energy gen-eration and financial effect of each HPP (Tikves, Galisteand Cebren) for all cases.
Table 4. Comparing the cases operating regimes in a year (GWh)
CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3Gal conv Ceb conv Gal conv Ceb REV Gal REV Ceb REVGen Pump Gen Pump Gen Pump
Tikves 200 0 200 0 198 0Galiste 280 0 276 0 584 -400Cebren 319 0 811 -550 810 -550TOTAL 799 0 1287 -550 1592 -950ENERGY 799 737 642FINANCIAL 799 1012 1117
RES. GALISTE
HPP CEBREN
CEBREN
GENQ
CEBREN
PUMPQ
CEBREN
GENP
CEBREN
PUMPP
CEBREN
INq
RES.CEBREN
HPP GALISTE
GALISTE
GENP
RES. TIKVESHPP TIKVES
r. CRNA
TIKVES
GENP
565 asl
394 asl
265 asl
165 asl
GALISTE
PUMP
Fig.3. Cascade hydro power plants of Crna River
The simulation cases for analyzing the operation of the cascade in the power system of
Macedonia:
• Case 1: Both, Cebren and Galiste are conventional HPP
• Case 2: Cebren is reversible HPP, Galiste is conventional HPP
• Case 3: Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP
Tab.4 and Fig.4 give the results for yearly energy generation and financial effect of each HPP
(Tikves, Galiste and Cebren) for all cases.
Tab.4 Comparing the cases operating regimes in a year (GWh)
CASE 1
Gal conv, Ceb conv
CASE 2
Gal conv, Ceb REV
CASE 3
Gal REV, Ceb REV
Gen Pump Gen Pump Gen Pump
Tikves 200 0 200 0 198 0
Galiste 280 0 276 0 584 -400
Cebren 319 0 811 -550 810 -550
TOTAL 799 0 1287 -550 1592 -950
ENERGY 799 737 642
FINANCIAL 799 1012 1117
200 200 198
280 276
584319
811
810
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
Gal conv, Ceb con Gal conv, Ceb REV Gal REV, Ceb REV
W (GWh)Cebren
Galiste
Tikves
Fig.4 Energy contribution for all cases (GWh)
Figure 4. Energy contribution for all cases (GWh).
RES. GALISTE
HPP CEBREN
CEBREN
GENQ
CEBREN
PUMPQ
CEBREN
GENP
CEBREN
PUMPP
CEBREN
INq
RES.CEBREN
HPP GALISTE
GALISTE
GENP
RES. TIKVESHPP TIKVES
r. CRNA
TIKVES
GENP
565 asl
394 asl
265 asl
165 asl
GALISTE
PUMP
Fig.3. Cascade hydro power plants of Crna River
The simulation cases for analyzing the operation of the cascade in the power system of
Macedonia:
• Case 1: Both, Cebren and Galiste are conventional HPP
• Case 2: Cebren is reversible HPP, Galiste is conventional HPP
• Case 3: Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP
Tab.4 and Fig.4 give the results for yearly energy generation and financial effect of each HPP
(Tikves, Galiste and Cebren) for all cases.
Tab.4 Comparing the cases operating regimes in a year (GWh)
CASE 1
Gal conv, Ceb conv
CASE 2
Gal conv, Ceb REV
CASE 3
Gal REV, Ceb REV
Gen Pump Gen Pump Gen Pump
Tikves 200 0 200 0 198 0
Galiste 280 0 276 0 584 -400
Cebren 319 0 811 -550 810 -550
TOTAL 799 0 1287 -550 1592 -950
ENERGY 799 737 642
FINANCIAL 799 1012 1117
200 200 198
280 276
584319
811
810
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
Gal conv, Ceb con Gal conv, Ceb REV Gal REV, Ceb REV
W (GWh)Cebren
Galiste
Tikves
Fig.4 Energy contribution for all cases (GWh)
Figure 3. Cascade hydro power plants of Crna River.
9
Anton Chaushevski, Tome Boshevski, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva
Daily Operation of Reversible HPP has two modes:
• Pumping regime in 7 hours (1-7)• Generation regime in 17 hours (8-24)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Gal conv, Ceb con
Gal conv, Ceb REV
Gal REV, Ceb REV
ENERGY
FINANCIAL
0
100
200
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400
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600
700
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1000
1 7
13
19
25
31
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3
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15
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3
P (MW) Treska
Mavrovo
CRNA
Crn Drim
Gradec
0
100
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300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103
109
115
121
127
133
139
145
151
157
163
P (MW) Treska
Mavrovo
CRNA
Crn Drim
Gradec
Figure 5. Comparing the energy and financial contribution for allcases (GWh).
The energy contribution calculates as the generation en-ergy reduced for the pumping one (Rev.HPP as a con-sumer). The financial contribution is the generation en-ergy reduced for half pumping one, because for positive fi-nancial balance of operating the reversible HPP, the gener-ating electricity should be at least double price of the elec-tricity for pumping.
• Energy = Generation− |Pumping|
• Financial = Generation− 0.5× |Pumping
Figure 6 and Figure 7 present the covering of the peak de-mand for a week in case1 and case 3.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Gal conv, Ceb con
Gal conv, Ceb REV
Gal REV, Ceb REV
ENERGY
FINANCIAL
0
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1000
1 7
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3
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3
P (MW) Treska
Mavrovo
CRNA
Crn Drim
Gradec
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1000
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103
109
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127
133
139
145
151
157
163
P (MW) Treska
Mavrovo
CRNA
Crn Drim
Gradec
Figure 6. Covering the peak demand for a week in case 1 (Both Cebren and Galiste are conventional HPP).
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Gal conv, Ceb con
Gal conv, Ceb REV
Gal REV, Ceb REV
ENERGY
FINANCIAL
0
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1000
1 7
13
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P (MW) Treska
Mavrovo
CRNA
Crn Drim
Gradec
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1000
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103
109
115
121
127
133
139
145
151
157
163
P (MW) Treska
Mavrovo
CRNA
Crn Drim
Gradec
Figure 7. Covering the peak demand for a week in case 3 (Both Cebren and Galiste are Reversible HPP).
7 Simulation of Scenario –NoNuclear and Both Cebren andGaliste Are Reversible HPP
This case presents the operation of the power plants as ano-nuclear option (fossil option); where the base load iscovered with lignite TPPs, gas TPPs and import.
• Case – Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP• Coal TPP Bitola, Gas CHP and Import ( Demand andPumping)
Figure 9 and Figure 10 give the operation of the power sys-tem in a week, covering the demand of the consumers andthe needs for pumping.
10
Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a Complex Power System
COAL Gas Import Demand Import PUMP Pumping Hydro
4800 3460 1600 750 -950 3346
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
COAL Gas Import demand
Import PUMP
Pumping Hydro
4800
3460
1600
750
-950
3346
GWH
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161
P (MW)
Pumping
Demand
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161
P (MW)
Hydro
Import pump
Import demand
Small Gas
Lignit & Gas
Figure 8. Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation.
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
COAL Gas Import demand
Import PUMP
Pumping Hydro
4800
3460
1600
750
-950
3346
GWH
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161
P (MW)
Pumping
Demand
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161
P (MW)
Hydro
Import pump
Import demand
Small Gas
Lignit & Gas
Figure 9. Demand and Pumping for Case of Reversible HPP, both Cebren and Galiste.
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
COAL Gas Import demand
Import PUMP
Pumping Hydro
4800
3460
1600
750
-950
3346
GWH
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161
P (MW)
Pumping
Demand
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161
P (MW)
Hydro
Import pump
Import demand
Small Gas
Lignit & Gas
Figure 10. Power Plant Operation in a week of a year.
Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh
Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of 1000 MW
This case presents the operation of the power plants with nuclear power plant of 1000 MW
(nuclear option) mainly for the base load instead of lignite TPP and import.
• Case - Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP
• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) of 1000 MW
NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro
6800 3460 340 -600 3000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP
Pumping Hydro
6800
3460
340-600
2999
GWH
Fig. 11 Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation
CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh.
Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh
Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of 1000 MW
This case presents the operation of the power plants with nuclear power plant of 1000 MW
(nuclear option) mainly for the base load instead of lignite TPP and import.
• Case - Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP
• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) of 1000 MW
NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro
6800 3460 340 -600 3000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP
Pumping Hydro
6800
3460
340-600
2999
GWH
Fig. 11 Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation
GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh.
11
Anton Chaushevski, Tome Boshevski, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva
Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
-300
-250
-200
-150
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-50
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1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh
Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of 1000 MW
This case presents the operation of the power plants with nuclear power plant of 1000 MW
(nuclear option) mainly for the base load instead of lignite TPP and import.
• Case - Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP
• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) of 1000 MW
NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro
6800 3460 340 -600 3000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP
Pumping Hydro
6800
3460
340-600
2999
GWH
Fig. 11 Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation
Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh
NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro
6800 3460 340 -600 3000
Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh
0
50
100
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200
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450
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
-300
-250
-200
-150
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-50
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1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731
P(MW)
CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh
Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of 1000 MW
This case presents the operation of the power plants with nuclear power plant of 1000 MW
(nuclear option) mainly for the base load instead of lignite TPP and import.
• Case - Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP
• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) of 1000 MW
NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro
6800 3460 340 -600 3000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP
Pumping Hydro
6800
3460
340-600
2999
GWH
Fig. 11 Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation
Figure 11. Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation.
0
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1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
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P(MW)
Hydro
Import PUMP
Gas
NUCLEAR
Fig.12 Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP
0
500
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1500
2000
2500
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
106
111
116
121
126
131
136
141
146
151
156
161
166
P(MW)
Hydro
Import PUMP
Gas
NUCLEAR
Fig.13 Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1170
339
508
677
846
1015
1184
1353
1522
1691
1860
2029
2198
2367
2536
2705
2874
3043
3212
3381
3550
3719
3888
4057
4226
4395
4564
4733
4902
5071
5240
5409
5578
5747
5916
6085
6254
6423
6592
6761
6930
7099
7268
7437
7606
7775
7944
8113
8282
8451
8620
P (MW)
Fig.14 Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1
177
353
529
705
881
1057
1233
1409
1585
1761
1937
2113
2289
2465
2641
2817
2993
3169
3345
3521
3697
3873
4049
4225
4401
4577
4753
4929
5105
5281
5457
5633
5809
5985
6161
6337
6513
6689
6865
7041
7217
7393
7569
7745
7921
8097
8273
8449
8625
P(MW)
Fig.15 Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh
Figure 12. Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP.
12
Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a Complex Power System
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
106
111
116
121
126
131
136
141
146
151
156
161
166
P(MW)
Hydro
Import PUMP
Gas
NUCLEAR
Fig.12 Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
106
111
116
121
126
131
136
141
146
151
156
161
166
P(MW)
Hydro
Import PUMP
Gas
NUCLEAR
Fig.13 Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1170
339
508
677
846
1015
1184
1353
1522
1691
1860
2029
2198
2367
2536
2705
2874
3043
3212
3381
3550
3719
3888
4057
4226
4395
4564
4733
4902
5071
5240
5409
5578
5747
5916
6085
6254
6423
6592
6761
6930
7099
7268
7437
7606
7775
7944
8113
8282
8451
8620
P (MW)
Fig.14 Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1
177
353
529
705
881
1057
1233
1409
1585
1761
1937
2113
2289
2465
2641
2817
2993
3169
3345
3521
3697
3873
4049
4225
4401
4577
4753
4929
5105
5281
5457
5633
5809
5985
6161
6337
6513
6689
6865
7041
7217
7393
7569
7745
7921
8097
8273
8449
8625
P(MW)
Fig.15 Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh
Figure 13. Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP.
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
106
111
116
121
126
131
136
141
146
151
156
161
166
P(MW)
Hydro
Import PUMP
Gas
NUCLEAR
Fig.12 Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
106
111
116
121
126
131
136
141
146
151
156
161
166
P(MW)
Hydro
Import PUMP
Gas
NUCLEAR
Fig.13 Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1170
339
508
677
846
1015
1184
1353
1522
1691
1860
2029
2198
2367
2536
2705
2874
3043
3212
3381
3550
3719
3888
4057
4226
4395
4564
4733
4902
5071
5240
5409
5578
5747
5916
6085
6254
6423
6592
6761
6930
7099
7268
7437
7606
7775
7944
8113
8282
8451
8620
P (MW)
Fig.14 Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1
177
353
529
705
881
1057
1233
1409
1585
1761
1937
2113
2289
2465
2641
2817
2993
3169
3345
3521
3697
3873
4049
4225
4401
4577
4753
4929
5105
5281
5457
5633
5809
5985
6161
6337
6513
6689
6865
7041
7217
7393
7569
7745
7921
8097
8273
8449
8625
P(MW)
Fig.15 Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh
Figure 14. Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh.
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
106
111
116
121
126
131
136
141
146
151
156
161
166
P(MW)
Hydro
Import PUMP
Gas
NUCLEAR
Fig.12 Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
106
111
116
121
126
131
136
141
146
151
156
161
166
P(MW)
Hydro
Import PUMP
Gas
NUCLEAR
Fig.13 Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1170
339
508
677
846
1015
1184
1353
1522
1691
1860
2029
2198
2367
2536
2705
2874
3043
3212
3381
3550
3719
3888
4057
4226
4395
4564
4733
4902
5071
5240
5409
5578
5747
5916
6085
6254
6423
6592
6761
6930
7099
7268
7437
7606
7775
7944
8113
8282
8451
8620
P (MW)
Fig.14 Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1
177
353
529
705
881
1057
1233
1409
1585
1761
1937
2113
2289
2465
2641
2817
2993
3169
3345
3521
3697
3873
4049
4225
4401
4577
4753
4929
5105
5281
5457
5633
5809
5985
6161
6337
6513
6689
6865
7041
7217
7393
7569
7745
7921
8097
8273
8449
8625
P(MW)
Fig.15 Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh
Figure 15. Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh.
13
Anton Chaushevski, Tome Boshevski, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva
8 Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of1000 MW
This case presents the operation of the power plants withnuclear power plant of 1000 MW (nuclear option) mainlyfor the base load instead of lignite TPP and import. Fig-ure 11 gives the contribution of each type of resource forthis scenario.
• Case – Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear PowerPlant (NPP) of 1000 MW
Figures 12 and 13 show the operation of the plants forgiven winter and summer week respectively. Figure 14 andFigure 15 present the yearly base load covered with fos-sil fuels+import (6400 GWh), and covered with nuclearpower plant (6800 GWh).
9 Conclusion
Reversible HPP can have significant role in the power sys-tem, especially for the hydro power complex with low nat-ural water inflow. In order to have better economical in-come from the operating regime, it is very important thewater managing between the upper and lower reservoir forthe time period. This paper presents the hydro-nuclearoperation of Cebren and Galiste with NPP. Reversible HPPis the appropriate solution for the complex power system.The advantage of this complex system is the additionalpeak energy with reversible HPP Cebren and Galiste (hightariff of selling), where the base loads capacity of NPP can
be use for pumping regime (low tariff of buying). Thismanaging can have financial benefit of the hydro – nuclearcomplex
HPP Cebren and HPP Galiste are one of the biggest invest-ments in energy sector in Macedonia for the next 10 years.Therefore, it is very important to analyze the role of thewhole hydro power complex of Crna River in the Macedo-nian Power System.
Besides the energy benefit, the additional point can bethe financial benefit with the economical and reasonableprice for electricity in pumping operating regime compar-ing with the same one in generating regime in peak loads.
References
[1] A. Causevski: “Analytical Numerical Improvements of theModels for Yearly Generation Planning in a Complex PowerSystem”, PhD Thesis, Faculty of Electrical Eng. Skopje(2001).
[2] A. Causevski, T. Bosevski: “Improved model for electric-ity generation planning in the small economic autonomouspower system”, ETRAN 2003, Herceg Novi, Zbornik radova,Sveska I, (2003) 341-343.
[3] Technical Reports & Reviews from ELEM and MEPSO.
[4] P.D. Brown, J.A. Peças Lopes, M.A. Matos: “Optimization ofPumped Storage Capacity in an Isolated Power SystemWithLarge Renewable Penetration”. IEEE Transactions on PowerSystems 23 (2008) 523-531.
[5] E.D. Castronuov, J.A. Peças Lopes: “On the optimizationof the daily operation of a wind-hydro power plant”. IEEETransactions on Power Systems 19 (2004) 1599-1606.
14