Operating Systems Mac, PC, Unix,…. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal2 In the Beginning was the...
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Transcript of Operating Systems Mac, PC, Unix,…. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal2 In the Beginning was the...
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 2
In the Beginning was the In the Beginning was the Command Line – Command Line – Neal StephensonNeal Stephenson
Jobs & Wozniak – Apple Original idea to sell information processing
machines for home use Gates & Allen – Microsoft
sell the operating system At least a computer has a physical presence Xerox – Where it all reallyreally began
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 3
Operating SystemOperating System
What is it? A very long string of 1’s and 0’s
What does it do? Allows users to manipulate other very long strings
of 1’s and 0’s
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 4
What is an Operating What is an Operating System?System?
<operating system> (OS)<operating system> (OS) The low-level software which handles the interface to peripheral hardware, schedules tasks, allocates storage, and presents a default interface to the user when no application application programprogram is running.
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 5
What is an Operating What is an Operating System?System? The OS may be split into a kernelkernel which is
always present and various system programs which use facilities provided by the kernel to perform higher-level house-keeping tasks, often acting as serversservers in a client-serverclient-server relationship.
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 6
What is an Operating What is an Operating System?System? Some would include a graphical user graphical user
interfaceinterface and window systemwindow system as part of the OS, others would not. The operating system operating system loaderloader, BIOSBIOS, or other firmwarefirmware required at boot timeboot time or when installing the operating system would generally not be considered part of the operating system, though this distinction is unclear in the case of a rommable operating systemrommable operating system such as RISC RISC OSOS.
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 7
OS Examples…OS Examples…
386BSD, Amoeba, Angel, Artemis microkernel, BeOS, Brazil, COS, CP/M, CTSS, Chorus, DACNOS, DOS, DOSEXEC 2, GCOS, GEOS, ITS, Linux, LynxOS, MPV, MS-DOS, MVS, Mach, MINIX, MS-DOS, Multics, Multipop-68, Novell NetWare, OS-9, OSX, OS/2, Pick, Plan 9, QNX, RISC OS, SPARK (Small
Portable Adjustable Real-time Kernel), STING, System V, TOPS-10, TOPS-20, TYMCOM-X, Unix, VM/CMS, VAX, VMS, VRTX, VSTa, VxWorks, WAITS, Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows CeMeNT
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 8
DOS CommandsDOS Commands
Command Prompt from Windows Start – Run – Command This is a DOS prompt, DOS is running in the
background, WinXP or Win2000 or … is still running in the foreground
Time Date Ping – ping www.yahoo.com http://www.easydos.com/dosindex.html
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 9
What is UI?What is UI?
User interfaceLine commandsText menu Icon menu ‘Click-able’ icons
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 10
Xerox PARCXerox PARC
Palo Alto Research Center 1st to get into UI (User Interface) and GUI
(Graphical User Interface) First started in 1970’sWIMP (windows, icons, menus and
pointers/pull-down menus) paradigmXerox 8010 'Star' system in 1981 (WIMP)
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 18
The PCThe PC http://www.viewz.com/netscape/buyingguides/os.shtml http://www.computerhope.com/history/windows.htm http://ox.compsoc.net/~swhite/history/timeline-OS.html http://ox.compsoc.net/~swhite/history/timeline-
QUOTES.html http://computer.howstuffworks.com/operating-
system.htm
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 19
UNIX and the like…UNIX and the like… http://www.computerhope.com/history/unix.htm http://www.computerhope.com/history/198090.htm
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 20
Installing Windows OS
‘Clean’ install Existing OS is completely
erased Any files on the HDD are
completely erased Optimum performance
Boot from OS Install CD or DOS floppy
‘Upgrade’ install There is an existing OS Existing files not erased Less than optimum
performance
Boot to existing OS, upgrade from CD
September 17, 2003 Riad S. Twal 21
In the beginning…In the beginning…
Cryptonomiconhttp://www.cryptonomicon.com/beginning.html