Advanced Computer Applications

Operating Systems & Applications Software

Lesson 8

What is an Operating System?

How many bytes is one megabyte? gigabyte?

How would you calculate the number of bits in 8 Kbytes? How many are there?

DO NOW

Define software, OS software, and applications software.

Understand the history purpose of OS software.

Identify and categorize different types of software.

OBJECTIVES

Coordinates and controls all basic operations on the computer

Interface between the hardware and the software (some through the BIOS)

Manages the processing of application programs

Transfers data to/from disks Handles all printer and keyboard

functions

What is an Operating System?

A computer with no software loaded can do absolute nothing

Users rarely communicate directly with the computer hardware

Programmers deal with the hardware through the Operating System

What is an Operating System?

Without an OS users would have to know all of the technical commands/codes required to control and operate the equipment connected to the computer system

All programs must first go through the OS in order to access the hardware

OS may use the BIOS to interface with the hardware

Operating Systems

Apple Mac OS/X Linux Unix Windows XP, Vista, 7

Popular Operating Systems

1980: MS-DOS 1982: Windows 1.0 1987 – 1992: Windows 2.0 – 2.11 1990 – 1994: Windows 3.0, NT 1995 – 2001: Windows 95 1998 – 2000: Windows 98, 2000, Me 2001 – 2005: Windows XP 2006 – 2008: Windows Vista 2009 – Present: Windows 7

Microsoft OS History

MS-DOS

History Timeline

Apple OS

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Common User Access (CUA) Clipboard: Cut/Copy/Paste Multi-tasking or task switching Run several programs or perform multiple tasks simultaneously

Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)

Microsoft Windows

Examples: Cell phones & Smart Phones Computer in a typical modern cell phone is

now more powerful than a desktop computer from 20 years ago

Operating systems are made out of portable code rather than permanent physical circuits is so that they can be changed or modified without having to scrap the whole device

Remember the ENIAC?

Other OS’s Popping Up

Programs that allow you to make the computer do what you wantWrite a letter, browse the Internet, draw a picture, etc.Depends on the operating systemApplications that run on one operating system (Windows) cannot run on a different operating system (Unix or MacOS) unless they are re-written

Applications Software

Word Processors – MS Word, Google Docs Spreadsheets – MS Excel, Google

Spreadsheets Presentations – MS PowerPoint, Google

Presentation Databases – MS Access Communications – MS Outlook Accounting – Peachtree, QuickBooks Animation/Gaming – Alice, Gamemaker

Software Types