Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and...
-
Upload
doreen-green -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and...
![Page 1: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Operant Experimental Strategies
Cultural Experimental Strategies
Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ - Ext)
Hold antecedent conditions for cultural unit constant and manipulate metacontingencies
Hold reinforcement contingency constant and manipulate deprivation levels (Hi dep – low dep – hi dep – low dep)
In this study, metacontingencies were held constant and antecedent conditions for IBCs were manipulated
![Page 3: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Manipulating Antecedents
• Independent variable: Availability of survival resources was the antecedent condition manipulated - 2 values = “rich” and “poor” - represented by proportion of
hunts that each player comes home with no rabbits in a condition
• Dependent variable: “Dyadic fitness” - measured by the proportion of trials in a condition that both
players can hunt on the next trial- A player cannot hunt if she has no rabbits to eat- In both conditions there is an equal number of times that a
player must give a rabbit to another player or they will both be unable to hunt and will lose all stored resources
![Page 4: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Rich
Poor
Independent Variable: Resource Availability
Measure: Frequency of coming home empty handed
Values
14 trials out of 60
22 trials out of 60
![Page 5: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Experimental Session
• Each dyad participated in a single session of about 2 hours
• 6 conditions were run in the session (generally 3 Rich and 3 Poor)
• Conditions ran either 60 (Experiment I) or 100 (Experiment II) trials
• Participants were paid at the end of the session• Participants were not allowed to talk during the
session
![Page 6: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
“Hunting trial” initiated by pressing “hunt” key.
For you both to go hunting, one of you presses this key marked “HUNT””.
Trial StructureTrial Structure
![Page 7: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Each player brings her own rabbits home from the hunt
P 1P 2
Then you each have to decide what you will do with your own rabbits.
Trial StructureTrial Structure
![Page 8: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• With any remaining rabbits, players may:- Store a rabbit for future use (one more trial)- Trade a rabbit for another commodity (money)- Give a rabbit to the other player
Trial StructureTrial Structure
• First, in order to proceed to the next trial, a player must have a rabbit to eat
• If one player can’t hunt, the other can continue but will eventually fail to have a rabbit to eat
• Number of trials both can hunt during a condition is measure of “dyadic fitness”
![Page 9: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Dyadic Fitness (AP) per Condition%
Dya
dic
Fitn
ess
(AP)
Conditions (60 trials)
Rich (0.23)Poor (0.36)
![Page 10: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Rich
Poor
Independent Variable: Environmental Scarcity
Frequency of coming home empty handed
Values
16 trials out of 100
46 trials out of 100
14 trials out of 60
22 trials out of 60
![Page 11: Operant Experimental Strategies Cultural Experimental Strategies Hold deprivation constant and manipulate reinforcement contingency (SR+ - Ext - SR+ -](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083009/5697bf811a28abf838c854e2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Dyadic Fitness (AP) per Condition%
Dya
dic
Fitn
ess
(AP)
Conditions (100 trials)
Conditions (60 trials)
Rich (0.23)Poor (0.36)