OpenSourceBasedGasLaw-ThoSiewWei

8/9/2019 OpenSourceBasedGasLaw-ThoSiewWei

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THO SIEW WEI, BASERI HUDDIN HUSSAIN,

ROSLY JAAFAR

Physics Department,

Faculty of Science & Technology, UPSI,

35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak

Open Source-Based Gas Law

Experiment for Physics

Education


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Content1. Pressure Law

2. Problem Statements

3. Research Objectives

4. Framework of the Study

5. Literature Review6. Methodology

7. Dealing with the Experiment

8. Discussion

9. Conclusion

10. Acknowledgement

11. References


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Pressure Law

Pressure Law Relationship between

pressure and temperature (volume

constant)

Pressure law experiment in school &

university still using the conventional

method. Those quantities (pressure and

temperature) were observed and recorded

manually.


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Pressure Law

Sources: Hoo Sze Yen (Form 4 Experiments Physics SPM 2008)

Figure 1 Conventional Pressure Law Experiment


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Problem StatementsThose problems are summarised and listed

below:

1. Random error which is due to incorrecteye position of the observer.

2. Systematic error which is due imperfectmethods of observation.

3. The data of pressure and temperature

cannot be recorded simultaneously.4. The Cost of MBL system in the market is

too expensive.


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Research Objectives

1. To develop a Microcomputer-Based Laboratory(MBL) system incorporating the technology ofPHOENIX (Data Logger), pressure sensor,temperature sensor and the courseware

package developed by using the PythonProgramming Language.

2. To design the complete experimental set (GasPressure Law) for use in the thermodynamicscourse.

3. To validate the complete experimental set (GasPressure Law) for use in the thermodynamicscourse.


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Framework of the Study

Figure 2 An Overall of Research Framework

Problem

Statements

Hardware

Configuration

Courseware

Development

Experimental

ApparatusDevelopment

Testing and

Evaluation

Result


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Literature Review

MBL device is designed to collect data via

various probes, which detect a physical

quantity and then store the data and plot thegraph on the computer (Widjaja, Y.B., 2002).


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Literature Review

Steinberg R. (2003) claims that using MBL

technique, science teachers have

opportunities to engage studentsintellectually, to explore more meaningful and

exciting subject matter.


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Literature Review

However, researchers claim that the cost of

the product is too great to apply in all

stages of education (Gintautas, V., &Hubler, A., 2009; Ajith Kumar B P, 2006).


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Methodology

Calibration of Sensors

Courseware Development

Experimental Set Development


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Calibration of SensorsBoil water or change air pressure

by using syringe

Use a standard reference

(Temperature or Pressure)

Set a sensor (Temperature or

Pressure)

Measure the voltage output of

the sensor

Manipulated VariableResponding Variable

Plot graph (Temperature or Pressure) versus Voltage

Curve Fitting

Develop Equation


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Calibration

Figure 3: Calibration for Pressure Sensor

Syringe

T shaped

pipe

Standard

Pressure

Sensor

Phidgets

Pressure

Sensor

PHOENIX

sig + -

Standard

Voltage

Sensor

Computer

+ -


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Calibration

Figure 4: Calibration for Temperature Sensor

Beaker

Standard

VoltageSensor

Standard

Temperature

Sensor

Heater

PHOENIX

Sig. + -

PT100

Temperature

Sensor

Computer

+ -


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The MBL courseware interface was developed by

using Python Programming Language version

2.4.3.

The developed courseware followed the steps as

outlined in the ADDIE instructional design model.

There are five phases in ADDIE model Analysis,

Design, Development, Implementation, andEvaluation.


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1. Analysis

MBL system (hardware and software) that can

be applied for tertiary physics education.

The preliminary criteria of the design for MBL

system must be low cost and should be simple

to operate.



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2. Design

MBL system for gas law experiments will be

developed based on the PHOENIX DataLogger.

The hardware for the system will use PT100temperature sensor and Phidgets pressure

sensor.

The courseware programming was written byusing the Python Language (One of OSS).



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3. Development

To develop and assemble the content

assets that were discussed in the designphase. (MBL_Software.py)

The system was run on different computers totest its versatility.

The debugging procedures and solves thoseproblems in different computer environmentwere performed.

http://e/MOSC2010/Slide/Day%201/MBL%20Software.txthttp://e/MOSC2010/Slide/Day%201/MBL%20Software.txt


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4. Implementation

To ensure user manual, laboratory manual &

tools (sensors and PHOENIX data logger) were

in good condition.

The practical exercise is done by a group of

students using the system. While performing

the experiment, the students will answer thequestionnaires which reflect their perception on

the use of the built system.



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5. Evaluation

The review and evaluate each phase (analyze,

design, develop, implement) was done toensure it was accomplishing what it was

supposed to.

Once the data and feedback was collected,some changes were made for the system

improvement.



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The experimental set based on the Gas Pressure Law

(Gay-Lussacs Law) was developed.

Relationship between pressure and temperature

(volume constant)

Laboratory Manual

User or Operating Manual
http://e/MOSC2010/Slide/Day%201/Lab%20Manual%20Pressure%20Law.odthttp://e/MOSC2010/Slide/Day%201/User%20Manual.odphttp://e/MOSC2010/Slide/Day%201/User%20Manual.odphttp://e/MOSC2010/Slide/Day%201/Lab%20Manual%20Pressure%20Law.odt


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Heater

Temperature

Sensor

Pressure

Sensor

Retort

Stand

Erlenmeyer

flask

Stopper

Data

Logger

Figure 5: New Design of Experimental Set


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Dealing with the Experiment


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Developed Courseware

Figure 6: MBL Courseware User Interface (MBL_Software.py)
http://e/MOSC2010/Slide/Day%201/MBL%20Software.txthttp://e/MOSC2010/Slide/Day%201/MBL%20Software.txt


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Developed Courseware

Figure 7: Help Menu for MBL Courseware


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Figure 8: New Design of Pressure Law Experiment

Heater

Temperature

Sensor

Pressure

Sensor

Retort

Stand

Erlenmeyer

flask

Stopper

Computer

Data

Logger


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Figure 9: Pressure Law Experiment

PT100Temperature

Sensor

PhidgetPressure

Sensor

PHOENIX


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Figure 10: Pressure Law Experiment

Pressure

SensorStopper

Erlenmeyer

flask

Temperature

Sensor


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Figure 11: Result of Pressure Law Experiment


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Figure12: Result of Absolute Temperature (0 K)

Ctemp

temp

pressurewhen

o18.271

351.0

184.95

0

:Result

=

=

=


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Experimental Result

Experiment Absolute Temperature

(oC)

Percentage Error

(%)

1 -278.53 1.97

2 -270.10 -1.12

3 -264.85 -3.04

Average -271.16 -0.73


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Discussion of Product This product was developed to solve two major

problems; to produce result with smallpercentage errorand reduce the cost of MBLsystem.

This low cost developed package can be usedas laboratory exercise and demonstration kit forteaching and learning process.

This simplified product can be used to replacethe conventional pressure law experiment dueto the low-cost system, computerized, easysetup and smaller error.


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Conclusion MBL system to study the pressure law in physics

education had been successfully developed.

This technique replaced the conventional methodwhere students have to spend more time onmanual data recording and graph plotting.

The average absolute zero Kelvin was -271.16oC,which is closed to the theoretical absolute zeroKelvin (-273.15oC).

The deviation of the experimental result is withinthe range of 5% from the theoretical value.


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Acknowledgement

This project was supported by a grant from FRGS: 04-02-06-07

Development of MBL Apparatus in Tertiary Physics Education,

Ministry of Higher Learning (FRGS). I would like thank to Md.

Zahar Othman for his hard work during project implementation.

Finally, I want to thank the visiting lecturer, Ajith Kumar (IUAC,New Delhi) for valuable information, discussions, and suggestions

regarding the PHOENIX Development System and software

development.


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References

Ajith Kumar B. P. (2008). Phoenix Programmer's Manual. Retrieved on August 2009,from http://www.iuac.res.in/~elab/phoenix/docs/prog_manual.pdf

Gintautas, V., & Hubler, A. (2009). A simple, low-cost, data-logging pendulum built

from a computer mouse.

Steinberg, R. (2003). "Effects of Computer-based Laboratory Instruction on Future

Teachers Understanding of the Nature of Science." Journal of Computers inMathematics and Science Teaching 22(3): 21.

Sze Yen, H. (2008). "Physics Experiments Form 4." Retrieved 9 Jan, 2009, from

http://www.zyenhoo.com/physics/F4_experiments.pdf

Widjaja, Y. B. (2002). How Realistic Approached And Microcomputer-Based

Laboratory Supported Lessons Work In Indonesian Secondary SchoolClassroom. Kruislaan, Amstel Institute Universiteit Van Amsterdam. Master of

Science: 151.
http://www.iuac.res.in/~elab/phoenix/docs/prog_manual.pdfhttp://www.zyenhoo.com/physics/F4_experiments.pdfhttp://www.zyenhoo.com/physics/F4_experiments.pdfhttp://www.iuac.res.in/~elab/phoenix/docs/prog_manual.pdf


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Thank YouAny question?

Photo: Pressure Law Experiment

OpenSourceBasedGasLaw-ThoSiewWei

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