Open Source: What is It?
-
Upload
duraspace -
Category
Technology
-
view
3.075 -
download
2
description
Transcript of Open Source: What is It?
![Page 1: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Open Source: What is it?
Practices, Processes, Advantages, and Risks
Jonathan MarkowChief Strategy Officer
DuraSpace Webinar SeriesJune 2, 2011
![Page 2: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Rise of Open Source
Gartner Survey Reveals More than Half of Respondents Have Adopted Open-Source Software Solutions as Part of IT Strategy
- February 8, 2011
• http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1541414
![Page 3: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Rise of Open Source
![Page 4: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Rise of Open Source
“Worldwide more than 350 million consumers use open source software products and thousands of enterprises use open source code.”
http://www.ifosslr.org/ifosslr/article/view/11/37
![Page 5: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Rise of Open Source
“Open Source Software Hits a Strategic Tipping Point”-Harvard Business Review BlogMarch 9, 2011
http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2011/03/open_source_software_hits_a_st.html
![Page 6: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is Open Source?
Openvs.
Open Source
![Page 7: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Open Source Definition
The Open Source Initiative(opensource.org)
“Open source is a development method for software that harnesses the power of distributed peer review and transparency of process.”
“The promise of open source is better quality, higher reliability, more flexibility, lower cost, and an end to predatory vendor lock-in.”
![Page 8: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Vendors are our Friends!(…but lock-in is bad!)
![Page 9: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What BestCharacterizes
OpenSource
![Page 10: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Community
![Page 11: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Open Source Values
Collaboration
![Page 12: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Transparency
![Page 13: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Meritocracy
![Page 14: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Generosity
![Page 15: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Innovation
![Page 16: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Source Code is Free
![Page 17: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Source Code Is Not Enough…
Distribution of the software has to comply with some important requirements…
![Page 18: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Open Source Requirements
• Free Distribution
• Access to Source Code
![Page 19: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Open Source Requirements
• Derived works allowed
• Integrity of author’s source
![Page 20: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Open Source Requirements
• No Discrimination!…against people…against groups, fields of
endeavor
• All rights applied equally
![Page 21: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Open Source Requirements
• License must not restrict other software
• License must be technology neutral
![Page 22: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Licenses
Restrictive vs. Permissive
http://opensource.org/licenses/category
![Page 24: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Advantages
• More freedom to make decisions about how to use the software
![Page 25: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Advantages
• High Quality“Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow”
-Eric Raymond
The Cathedral and the Bazaar
![Page 26: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Advantages
• Excellent Security
![Page 27: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Advantages
• Responsive to the Community
![Page 28: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Advantages
• Ease of Customization
![Page 29: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Advantages
• Lower Cost (?)
![Page 30: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Myth #1
“If we adopt open source software, we’ll be at the mercy of crazed hackers!”
![Page 31: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• Contributors earn trust and build reputation
• Developers usually have the support of their employers
• Communities are self-policing
![Page 32: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Myth #2
“If we go with open source, I won’t have a throat to choke!”
![Page 33: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
• Options for throat-chokers• Commercial service providers
![Page 34: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Myth #3
“Open source is more risky because the project/software/community could just disappear!”
![Page 35: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
• Not likely, but loss of momentum is a risk
• Consider the mitigating factors…
• And don’t forget the track record of proprietary systems!
![Page 36: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Myth #4
• “Open source must be less secure. Anyone could just add malicious code!”
![Page 37: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
• That’s not the way it works!• Protected repository• Trusted committers• Many eyes on the code
• Malicious code is hard to inject. (Unintentional vulnerabilities are easier.)
![Page 38: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Myth #5
“We can’t implement open source software because we don’t have the resources to contribute back to the project!”
![Page 39: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
• Consumer vs. Creator• Many options for helpful
participation
![Page 40: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Myth #6
• “If it’s open source, I won’t be able to get support!”
![Page 41: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
• Plenty of companies earn a living providing service for open source products
• Service level agreements
![Page 42: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Open Source Models
1. Traditional Community-Driven• Meritocracy• Transparency• Open to all• Volunteer• User/corporate sponsorships• Key risk: Deliverables not iron-clad
![Page 43: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Open Source Models
2. Traditional Community-Drivenwith Commercial Partners
• Vendors are part of the community• Contribute to projects• Provide service• May license proprietary plugins
![Page 44: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Open Source Models
3. “Community Source”• e.g., Kuali Model• Decision makers invest in a seat at the
table• Managed resources• Hierarchical, directed development
structure with more predictable outcomes.• Vendor partners contribute• Key Risk: Diversity might be limited
![Page 45: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Open Source Models
4. “Open Core”• For-profit vendor owns the intellectual
property• Core open source application is
accompanied by proprietary version, which comes with licensing or support fee
• e.g., “Community” vs. “Enterprise” versions• Requires dual licensing• Key risk: Could be insular, self-interest
outweighs community
![Page 46: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
The DuraSpace Model
• Traditional open source• Community driven; non-profit• Diverse committers, users;
international participation• Registered service providers• Community sponsorship (Soon:
Corporate sponsorship)• Service revenue (DuraCloud)
![Page 47: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Pathways to Success with Open Source
• …For the Project• …For the Institution
![Page 48: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Project Success
• Be welcoming; be generous• Attract and mentor new talent• Create an easy entry to the project
(e.g., list of potential patches)• Attract diversity of committers• Maintain a responsive mailing list
![Page 49: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Project Success
• Be transparent• (Almost) all discussions are open• Everything goes on the mailing list• Code exposed to all• Publicize project roadmap
![Page 50: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Project Success
• Adopt well-understood processes• How is code contributed?• How are decisions made?
![Page 51: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Project Success
• Committers decide• But everyone is invited to the
conversation• New committers selected by current
group• Consensus decision-making
![Page 52: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Project Success
• Include techies, users, administrators, writers, managers into project• There are many useful roles for
people who want to contribute
![Page 53: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Project Success
• Get the word out!• Communication is key
• Web site• Wiki• Blogs• Social media
• Visibility• Present at conferences, other
• Marketing
![Page 54: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Project Success
Producing Open Source Software-Karl Fogel
http://producingoss.com/html-chunk/index.html
![Page 55: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Institutional Success
• Do your due diligence• Product Comparisons• Assess costs• Insist that your purchasing
department gives Open Source a fair hearing during an RFP process
• Focus on pilot functionality more than RFP check lists
![Page 56: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Institutional Success
• Evaluate the Open Source project• What is the sustainability model?• Subscribe to the mailing lists• Look at the web sites, wiki• Is there documentation?• Are there options for third-party
support?
![Page 57: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Institutional Success
• Evaluate the project (cont.)• What is the governance model?• How many users?• Does the project have momentum?• Regular releases?• Are there options for third-party
support?
![Page 58: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Institutional Success
• Evaluate the project (cont.)• Consult with peer institutions• Attend conferences• Attend webinars• Any recognition in trade press,
online?
![Page 59: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Institutional Success
• Evaluate the project community• Diverse set of committers?• Open, transparent, respectful of
newcomers?• Subscribe to the mailing lists• How active are the developers?
![Page 60: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Institutional Success
• Internal project management is critical• Treat the implementation as you
would any other product• What role will your technical staff
play?• Active development?• Implementation partners?• Manager of third-party services?
![Page 61: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Protect Your Investment
• Do you use the product?• Does it meet your needs? • If so, support the community!
![Page 62: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Support the Community
• Commit developer resources• Commit code• Contribute patches
![Page 63: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Support the Community
• Be active on the mailing lists (offer help where you can)
• Contribute documentation• Contribute training material• Host a developer meeting, a user
meeting, a regional meetup
![Page 64: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Support the Community
• Attend conferences• Present at conferences• Be a product reference• Join user groups• Volunteer for a case study
![Page 65: Open Source: What is It?](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042815/5561f079d8b42af10c8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Support the Community
Be an Advocate!