Open government: towards a “Government as a Platform”

Noche de las Telecomunicaciones 2011

Jornada sobre Gobierno Abierto

Comunidad Foral de Navarra. Pamplona, 10 de Noviembre de 2011

Carlos E. Jiménez

IEEE Technology Management Council Spain

Department of Justice. Generalitat de Catalunya

1.- Introduction: strategy and keys

2.- “Social Media” for “Government 2.0”

3.- “Open Government Data”

4.- “Open Government Metadata”

5.- Architecture and “Open Government”

6.- “Open Government Cloud Computing”

towards a government as a platform?

Index

Strategy and keys: open government is much more than open data

• Principles and Strategic targets

• Strategic planning (public policy)

• Strategies: 1..n

•Information Systems alignment: the systems planning (IT alignment)

• What we can/should to do?: we are speaking about “Management”

... And “Public Management”

From the public policy…

… until operative level

DEVELOPMENT

FEEDBACK

Strategy and keys: open government is much more than open data

But it is very important: do not forget the key principles: transparency, participation,

collaboration (and do not forget the inclusion, efficiency…). Never forget it!

• We will speak about co-production of services

• We will speak about citizenship's participation

• We will speak about accountability…

Specific tools :

From the Front Office and the citizen view...

a) Social Media or “2.0” (Applications)

b) Open Government Data for the transparency (Data)

c) Architectures… (Platforms) Cloud Computing

… until the Back Office

And then, we will be ready to start with the technological dimension

Platforms and projects: the technological tools

•Target:

– Improve the public services

– Strenghten the democratic processes

– Support the public policies

•Citizen-centric: The key is the citizen, not the technology

The “Social Media” and the Public Administration: Government 2.0

•Very high impact in the politic participation area (communication directly with the citizen)

•The new channels of social network ("2.0") are very useful for:

– Participation

– Citizen and government are closer

– Citizen has an active rol

– Information quantitatively and qualitatively better

–Participation and collaboration tools

•Linkedin

•Facebook

•Twitter

•Youtube

•Wiki (Xwiki)

•Forum (phpBB)

•Weblogs (Xwiki)

•…

The “Social Media” and the Public Administration: Government 2.0

The “Social Media” and the Public Administration: Government 2.0

Fuente: Citizen 2.0. Barkat, H. et al.

The “Social Media” and the Public Administration: Government 2.0

What does Open Government Data mean?

“Philosophy and practice in order to have open public data [from the government], anyone

is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it without any legal restriction”

• Because it is a tool for the open government

• Citizens will access to the information, but too (very important) companies, universities,

research organizations…

• More value and minor costs

• It will be good for our information systems

• It can to promote interoperability between public services; multichannel

• Possibility to generate economic value (basis for other elements to improve efficiency, new

values…)

Why?

Open Government Data: some keys

Because, we should to know that interoperability…

Sheth, 1999: “Changing focus on interoperability in information systems: from system,

syntax, structure to semantics”

• The semantic dimension now is the key element in the interoperability

• Where are the data?

• … and what are the target, data o… more?

• We should to think in other way, in order to have always in our minds the key elements for

the e-Government....

• In order to have a public administration more efficient, more transparent… We need to pay

attention in the semantics (mean, format, structure….

But we need more. Why?

If we think in the model Data – Information – Knowledge – Wisdom

Open Government Data: some keys

Semantics and the key of the “5 stars” data

Fuente: W3C

Open Government Data: some keys

Open Government Metadata

• Metadata (information about the data) as a key for the semantic interoperability

• 2 Pre-requisite for open data policies:

a) high data disponibility and

b) openness

But it “there is currently very little discussion, if any, on Open Government Metadata”

(ISA)… and in the Europe 2011-2015, action plan, semantic interoperabitility is...

“…an essential precondition for open, flexible delivery of eGovernment services”

• Metadata it can be defined just a time, it can be shared, it can be re-used, and they are

key because it will stimulate......

o To increase interoperability

o To decrease development costs

o To decrease integration costs and interchange information efforts

o To avoid duplicate efforts

And what about Open Government METADATA?

Some examples that you can to do…

Open Government Data: examples

Open Government Data: examples

Augmented Reality

Some examples that you can to do…

The standard IEEE 1471 adopted in ISO/IEC 42010:2007, defines architecture as:

“The fundamental organization of a system embodied in its components, their relationships to each other,

and to the environment, and the principles guiding its design and evolution.”

Architecture. What is it happening?: the Government Cloud

For NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology - U.S. Department of Commerce) Cloud Computing is:

• “Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared

pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and

services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service

provider interaction. This cloud model promotes availability and is composed of five essential

characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models. “

Why will we speak here about it?

Amazon (see Cloud Computing history) :

“Cloud Architectures address key difficulties surrounding large-scale data processing. Cloud

Architectures solve such difficulties.”

Cloud Computing:

Image from www.katescomment.com

Se

rvic

e m

od

els

Architecture. What is it happening?: the Government Cloud

Benefits (Federal Cloud Computing Strategy -NIST-)

“… improve resource utilization,

…increase service responsiveness,

…and accrue meaningful benefits

o in efficiency,

o agility,

o and innovation.

Similarly, for the Federal Government, cloud computing holds tremendous

potential to deliver public value by increasing operational efficiency and responding

faster to constituent needs…”

Architecture. What is it happening?: the Government Cloud

UK: Government Cloud Strategy. A sub strategy of the Government ICT Strategy (March, 2011)

“…These solutions must balance the need to be open,

accessible and usable with the growing cyber-security threat

and the need to handle sensitive information with due care.”

Architecture. What is it happening?: the Government Cloud

High priority requirements: USA Gov - NIST - (draft - november 2011):

9 times

in

10 requirements

Architecture. What is it happening?: the Government Cloud

IEEE P2302 project. Standard for Intercloud Interoperability:

• Topology, functions, governance, topological elements as clouds, roots, exchanges,

gateways, functional elements as name spaces, presence, messaging, resource ontologies,

trust infrastructure, governance elements as registration, geo-independence, trust anchor;

potentially compliance and audit…

Architecture. What is it happening?: the Government Cloud

Important. We must pay attention to:

• Interoperability

• Security (all dimensions)

• Control

• Rules and legislation

• Standards

Architecture. What is it happening?: the Government Cloud

Towards a Government as a Platform?

“A wave of Open Government initiatives are

occurring around the globe. As part of their

drive for more transparency and citizen

engagement, many Governments are

publishing open data for public consumption.

This session will look at examples of open

data projects around the world, how these are

helping Governments transform their

relationship with citizens, and how cloud

computing technology is enabling Public

Sector organizations to rapidly implement

Open Government initiatives.”

… in other words…:

Towards a Government as a Platform?

“When you use a car navigation system to guide you to your destination, you are

using an application buit on the government platform, extended and enriched by

massive private sector investment... Government as a plaftorm provider created

capabilities that enrich the possibilities for subsequent private sector investment.

[ ...]

In the context of government as a platform, the key question is what architectures

will lead to the most generative outcome. The goal is to design programs and

supporting infrastructure that enable “we the people” to do most of the work”.

Tim O’Reilly

Towards a Government as a Platform?

Carlos E. Jiménez carlosjimenez@ieee.org

http://www.linkedin.com/in/carlosejimenez

Thank you very much!!!