Out - of - Class Research & English Language Teaching Paul Kawachi FRSA kawachi@open-ed. net.
Open Education Network http :// www. open - ed. net e-Learning Strategies : how to improve your...
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Open Education Network http :// www . open - ed. net e-Learning Strategies : how to improve your students’ grades Paul Kawachi FRSA Open University of China kawachi @ open-ed.net
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Transcript of Open Education Network http :// www. open - ed. net e-Learning Strategies : how to improve your...
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
e-Learning Strategies :
how to improve your students’ grades
Paul Kawachi FRSA
Open University of China
kawachi @ open-ed.net
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
e-Learning Strategies :
how to improve your students’ grades
Paul Kawachi FRSA
Open University of China
kawachi @ open-ed.net
http://www.open-ed.net / library / e-strategies.ppt
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
some concrete proven ways
to improve your students’ grades
in classroom, blended, and online education
overview
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
some concrete proven ways
to improve your students’ grades
among the five Domains of Learning. cognitive. affective. metacognitive. environment. management
overview
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
some concrete proven ways
to improve your students’ grades
among the five Domains of Learning. cognitive. affective. metacognitive. environment. management
overview
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
let's look at some definitions :
strategyemotionmotivation
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
'strategy' is defined as : a smallest unit of activity within a sequenceto achieve an aim or objective
initiated by the student comparing current situationwith a personal ideal, and given and opportunityand realistic expectation for success
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
definition
' emotion ' is defined as : results from comparing an ideal target statewith a current state
to discover the difference ∆ between
what one what one's wants got ∆
you can see these comparisons at many stages
what one what one's wants got ∆
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
The diagram shows how the outcome from a lower activity through a negative-feedback loop creates a new perception of a higher activity, which when compared with the actual situation the difference ∆ then (given an opportunity, and holding a reasonable expectation of success) motivates the student to engage a lower activity.
The rate of achieving a goal is an affect, and the outcome of the comparison is an emotion.
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
Ella Wheeler WILCOX 1850 ~ 1919
Self Determination
“One ship sails east, another sails west With the self same winds that blow It's the set of the sail and not the gale That determines the way they go "
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
. One Ship Sails East
One ship sails east, another sails westWith the self same winds that blow.It's the set of the sail and not the galeThat determines the way they goLike the winds of the sea are the waves of fateAs we journey along through lifeIt's the set of the soul that determines the goalAnd not the storm and the strife . Ella Wheeler Wilcox
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
It is It is not the gale not the gale but the set but the set of the sail that determines of the sail that determines the way you go …the way you go …
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
motivation to learn :
There are four motivations to learn - vocational- academic- personal- social
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
vocational extrinsic motivation to learn :
seeking qualification for a better job
vocational intrinsic motivation to learn :
acquiring skills for own future desires
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
vocational extrinsic motivation to learn :
seeking qualification for a better job
vocational intrinsic motivation to learn :
acquiring skills for own future desiresenculturation within one’s job
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
academic extrinsic motivation to learn :
want to pass exams, get good grades
academic intrinsic motivation to learn :
pursuing own intellectual interests
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
academic extrinsic motivation to learn :
want to pass exams, get good grades
academic intrinsic motivation to learn :
pursuing own intellectual interestsacculturation into new discipline
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
personal extrinsic motivation to learn :
prove one’s capability to others
personal intrinsic motivation to learn :
desire for self improvement
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
personal intrinsic motivation to learn :
challenge - steady, recurrent, sporadic, one-shot
curiosity - sensory ( use combined multimedia ) - cognitive ( use novelty, inconsistency )
fantasy - near bridging, hugging - far bridging, modelling
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
social extrinsic motivation to learn :
extracurricular sports, club activities
social intrinsic motivation to learn :
integrative, affiliative, lifelong learning
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
social intrinsic motivation to learn :
acculturative S-T integrate into the discipline
affiliative S-Ss become a group member
interactive S-C negotiate meaning
aesthetic S-P lifelong learning
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
Which is better – extrinsic or intrinsic motivation ?
extrinsic is sometimes (not always) mechanical and short-lived,whileintrinsic is always deep, personally meaningful and long-lived ( = in long-term memory )
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
Each type has its own benefits :before an examination, extrinsic is efficient while in the early stages and in mid-courseintrinsic is effective and more efficient
The best policy is a strategic mix of both . . .
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
extrinsic and intrinsic motivationsare related to a student’s individual Approach to Learning
There are 3 approaches plus learning styles and pathologies1 deep meaningful intrinsic2 surface syllabus-bound extrinsic3 strategic achieving organized good-attitude
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
The learning styles and pathologies
- comprehensive holistic field-dependent- operational serial field-independent
- globetrotting dancing-around- improvidence inflexible no-initiative
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
extrinsic and intrinsic motivationsare related to a student’s individual Approach to Learning
- deep meaningful approach, relating ideas to each other, with questioning and use of evidence,and intrinsic motivation to learn- surface reproducing approach,bounded by a syllabus, with fear of failure
definition
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive. is knowing how to learn
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive. is knowing how to learn
in tomorrow’s knowledge-creating societyteachers and students each / all need to acquirecompetence and proficiency in
learning to learnthe aim is to become more efficient in learning
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
knowledge + skills =. cognitive . skills = learning strategies
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
knowledge + skills =. cognitive
awareness + opportunity + belief =. affective
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
knowledge + skills =. cognitive
awareness + opportunity + belief =. affective included as affective is parental love …
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
Parents can help build characterin the student from age 3 or 4 years
Of the four parenting styles ; -- allow freedom - authoritarian- disengaged- tough love
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
‘tough love’ parenting is best to build character
a balanced mixture of confidence, warmth,and consistent discipline ; which develops
application - effort, self-attribution ( affective )empathy - social turn-taking ( environment )self-regulation - organization ( management )
improves mobility and opportunities
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
be fully aware of Attribution Theory
AptitudeEffortsDifficulty
be aware ofintrinsic motivations, extrinsic motivations,and learned helplessness ( amotivation )
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
knowledge + skills =. cognitive
awareness + opportunity + belief =. affective
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
knowledge + skills =. cognitive
awareness + opportunity + belief =. affective
conditions, lighting, teacher, group ++ =. environment
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
knowledge + skills =. cognitive
awareness + opportunity + belief =. affective
conditions, lighting, teacher, group ++ =. environment
technology + filing system + library =. management
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
cognitive
affective
metacognitive = knowing all these
environment
management
introduction
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive
methods
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive
let’s look at . some concrete ways . to improve learning . and get higher exam grades
methods
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive
i change your learning place
methods
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive
i change your learning placeii avoid others & focus on your own mind
methods
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive
i change your learning placeii avoid others & focus on your own mind iii draw mind map including strategies
methods
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive
i change your learning placeii avoid others & focus on your own mind iii draw mind map including strategiesiv forget about learning styles
methods
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive
i change your learning placeii avoid others & focus on your own mind iii draw mind map including strategiesiv forget about learning stylesv at end of course, focus only on the exam
methods
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
metacognitive
i change your learning placeii avoid others & focus on your own mind iii draw mind map including strategiesiv forget about learning stylesv at end of course, focus only on the examvi don’t pursue learner autonomy
results
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
results
expressly . . . to achieve higher grades
cognitive - collaborate as equal, question meaning,
practise new-new, new-old, old-new, old-old
affective - involvement and values, develop attitudes,
develop curiosity etc ( the intrinsic motivations )
metacognitive - support the child’s autonomy, initiate the motivations
illustrate modelling of learning to future life
environment - provide structure, soft music, space, health,
positive-friends, PTA
management - keep a tidy desk, hourly schedule ( with away time ),
homework, study together
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
results
expressly . . . to achieve higher grades
How to encourage the student to engage, to interact with various meanings in the mind, to re-organize, to learn
Cooperative vs Collaborative
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
You can download these slides freely from the website
http://www.open-ed.net / library / e-strategies.ppt
or by email to me at
kawachi @ open-ed.net
