Open DataTechnological Citizenship& Imagined Futures
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Transcript of Open DataTechnological Citizenship& Imagined Futures
Open DataTechnological Citizenship& Imagined FuturesJune 14th, 2017
Tracey P. Lauriault
Assistant Professor, Critical Media and Big Data
Communication and Media Studies
School of Journalism and Communication
Carleton University
@traceylauriault
Are more than the unique arrangement of objective and politically neutral facts
&
they do not exist independently of ideas, techniques, technologies, systems, people and contexts regardless
of them being presented in that way
Data – big or small
Tracey P. Lauriault, 2012, Data, Infrastructures and
Geographical Imaginations. Ph.D. Thesis,
Carleton University, Ottawa,
http://curve.carleton.ca/theses/27431
Open Data Definitions
• 1959 Antarctic Treaty• 1992 - UNCED – Agenda 21 Chapter 40,
Information for Decision Making • 1996 Global Map• 2002 – UNCED – Ageda 21 + 10 Down To Earth • 2005 - Open Knowledge Foundation (OKNF) -
11 Principles (Licence specific) • 2007 GEOSS - Data Sharing Principles for the
Global Earth Observing System of Systems• 2007 - US Open Government Working Group -
8 principles of Open Government Data • 2007 Science Commons Protocol for
Implementing Open Access Data• 2007 Sunlight Foundation - 10 Principles for
Opening Up Government Information• 2007 OECD, Principles and Guidelines for
Access to Research Data from Public Funding
• 2008 OECD, Recommendations on Public Sector Information
• 2009 W3C - Publishing Open Government Data• 2010 Tim Berners-Lee 5 Star of Open Data• 2010 Panton Principles for Open Data in
Science• 2010 Ontario Information Privacy
Commissioner - 7 Principles• 2013 Open Economics Principles• US Association of Computing Machinery
(USACM) – Recommendations on Open Government
• American Library Association (ALA) – Access to Government Information Principles
• 2013 G8 Open Data Charter• 2015 International Open Data Charter
Data SharingARTICLE III
1. In order to promote international cooperation in scientific investigation in Antarctica, as provided for in Article II of the present Treaty, the Contracting Parties agree that, to the greatest extent feasible and practicable:
(a) information regarding plans for scientific programs in Antarctica shall be exchanged to permit maximum economy and efficiency of operations;
(b) scientific personnel shall be exchanged in Antarctica between expeditions and stations;
(c) scientific observations and results from Antarctica shall be exchanged and made freely available
Earth Summit 1992, 2002
Agenda 21 – Chapter 40
INFORMATION FOR DECISION-MAKING
40.1. In sustainable development, everyone is a user and provider of information considered in the broad sense. That includes data, information, appropriately packaged experience and knowledge. The need for information arises at all levels, from that of senior decision makers at the national and international levels to the grass-roots and individual levels. The following two programme areas need to be implemented to ensure that decisions are based increasingly on sound information:
a. Bridging the data gap;
b. Improving information availability.
Research Data Canada
Archiving, Management and Preservation of Geospatial Data
National Consultation on Access to Scientific Data Final Report
(NCASRD)
20101990 1995 2000 2005
National Data Archive Consultation
(SSHRC)
Stewardship of Research Data in Canada: A Gap AnalysisThe dissemination of government geographic
data in Canada: guide to best practicesStanding Committee on Industry, Science and Technology
Toward a National Digital Information Strategy: Mapping the Current Situation in Canada (LAC)
Canadian Digital Information
Strategy (CDIS) (LAC)
IPY
1985
Open Data Consultations
Mapping the Data Landscape:
Report of the 2011 Canadian Research Data
Summit
Digital Economy Consultation,
Industry Canada
Community Data RoundtablePrivacy (Geo)Sensitive Data (Geo)Resolution of Canada’s Access to Information and Privacy Commissioners
Geomatics Accord SignedCanadian Geospatial Data Policy
Liberating the Data ProposalVGI PrimerCloud (Geo)OD Advisory PanelOGP
G8
• Policies
• Reports
• Proposals
• Recommendations
• Consultation
2008
2015
Int. Open Data Charter
Open Data
20101990 1995 2000 20051985 2015
Data LiberationInitiative (DLI)
Geogratis Data Portal
GeoBaseCanadian
Internet Public Policy
Clinic
Maps Data and Government Information Services
(MADGIC) Carleton U
GeoConnectionsGeoGratis
Census Data ConsortiumCanadian Association of Research Libraries(CARL)
Atlas of Canada Online (1st)
CeoNet Discovery Portal
Research Data Network
How'd they VoteCivicAccess.ca
Campaign for Open
Government(FIPA)
Canadian Association of
Public Data Users
Datalibre.ca
VisibleGovernment.caI Believe in Open Campaign
Change Camps Start
Nanaimo BC Toronto
Open Data Portals
EdmontonMississauga launches open data
Citizen FactoryB.C.'s Climate Change Data Catalogue
Open ParliamentDatadotGC.ca
Ottawa
Ottawa, Prince George, Medicine HatData.gc.ca
Global TVHansard in XML
LangleyLet the Data Flow
GovCampFed. ExpensesMontreal OuvertFed.Gov. Travel and Hospitality ExpensesLondonHamiltonWindsorOpen Data Hackfest
Aid AgencyProactive.caDataBC
Hacking Health14 CitiesQuebecOntarioOGP
3 CitiesAlberta
G8
Community Data ProgramFCM Quality of Life Reporting
System
Geographic and Numeric Information
System (GANIS)
Int. Open Data CharterODX/PSD
CODS VancouverG4+1
GO Open Data
Census
E4D
First Nations Information Governance
OCAP
Data Communities
Research/scientific
Data
GovData
GeoDataPhysical
Sciences
AdminData
Public Sector Data
NGOs
Access to Data Open Data
Social
Sciences
2005
Operations DataInfrastructural DataSensor DataSocial Media DataAI/Machine Learning Data
Smart Open Data?2015
Private Sector
IOT - Smart Cities- Precision Agriculture- Autonomous CarsSM PlatformsAlgorithmsP2P – Sharing EconomyPredictive PolicingSurveillanceDigital LabourDrones5GPublic/Private Sector Data?
Crowdsourcing
Citizen Science
Civic Teck
OCAP
Local and
Traditional
Knowledge
Data & Technological Citizenship
• Data based technological society
• Where data & technical skills & know how are a form of political discourse & action• data are more than unique arrangement of objective and politically
neutral facts
• data do not exist independently of ideas, techniques, technologies, systems, people and contexts regardless of them being presented in that way
• data are inseparable from their technological enablers – storage, computational power, network, ID, ubicomp/IOT – basically infrastructure
Some #s
• Acxiom, • In 2012 23 000 servers
• 50 Trillion transactions a year
• Detailed entries for 190 Million Consumers
• 144 Million households in the US
• +/- 1500 data points per person (NyTimes 2012)
• US $300 Billion dollar industry w/Acxiom recording US $1.1 Billion in 2011
• Sells these data too Wells Fargo, HSBC, automakers and Torch Concepts w/contracts DoD
• Shift from production orientation toward marketing oriented strategies
(Roderick 2012)
CGDI Principles1. Open:
enables better decision making, the CGDI is based on open, barrier-free data sharing and standards that allow users to exchange data.
2. Accessible:
allows users to access data and services seamlessly, despite any complexities of the underlying technology.
3. Evolving:
the network of organizations participating in the CGDI will continue to address new requirements and business applications for information and service delivery to their respective users.
4. Timely:
the CGDI is based on technologies and services that support timely or real-time access to information.
5. Sustainable:
is sustained by the contributions of the participating organizations and broad user community and through the infrastructure’s relevance to these groups.
6. Self-organizing
the CGDI enables various organizations to contribute geospatial information, services and applications, and guide the infrastructure’s development.
7. User and community driven
emphasizes the nurturing of and service to a broad user community. These users, including Canadians in general, will drive the CGDI’s development based on user requirements.
8. Closest to source
maximizes efficiency and quality by encouraging organizations closest to source to provide data and services. Thereby eliminating duplication and overlap.
9. Trustworthy
is continually enhanced to protect sensitive and proprietary data. The CGDI offers this protection through policies and mechanisms that enable data to be assessed for quality and trusted by users.
Source: : 2012, Canadian Geospatial Data Infrastructure Vision, Mission and Roadmap - The Way Forward DOI:10.4095/292417
Rights & Principles
1. The right to remain natural, i.e. ‘merely’ biological and organic
2. The right to be inefficient if, when and where it defines our basic humanness
3. The right to disconnect4. The right to be, or remain anonymous5. The right to employ or engage people instead of
machines6. The right to data sovereignty7. Technological citizenship
What kind of data based technological society do we want?
What does governance look like?
How are open data & corporate responsibility related?
What do open ‘smart’ sensored cities/farms look like?
How do we act as a community of data and technological citizens for the public good?