Open Content Barriers Oer10 Conference Mar10 V Rolfe

[email protected] Faculty of Health and Life [email protected] Faculty of Health and Life Sciences

Faculty sharing of scientific educational Faculty sharing of scientific educational

materials: drivers and barriers.materials: drivers and barriers.

Presentation to:

OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES, Cambridge Monday 22 March 2010

By:

Dr Viv Rolfe BSc PhD


Faculty of Health & Life ScienceFaculty of Health & Life Science

• Health sciences– Biomedical Science– Medical Science – Forensics Science– Pharmacy

• Health professions– Audiology– Nursing & Midwifery– Speech and Language Therapy– Clinical Physiology and Clinical

Technology

• Health studies– Psychology– Social work– Criminology


OEROER

• The philosophy of the HEFCE/JISC Open Educational Resources (OER) initiative is to promote the open release and sharing of high quality learning materials worldwide (1).

• The UK Centre for Bioscience is part of the pilot project comprising of a number of consortium partners to develop “An Interactive Laboratory and Fieldwork Manual for the Biosciences”(2).


VALVAL

• The HEA Bio project includes the “Virtual Analytical Laboratory” (VAL) from DMU.

• On-line laboratory skills resource with ~70 video, animation, audio and screen-capture materials.


VALVAL

• Freely available on the internet under the Creative Commons UK “share, remix, reuse”.

• Used in 2 science programmes – Biomedical Science and Medical Science.

• Has had over 3000 visits from 80 countries around the world (Google Analytics) but is poorly used within the faculty.


AimAim

• What are staff perceptions and attitudes at a faculty level in relation to using VAL to assist with laboratory skills teaching.

• What are the attitudes to sharing educational materials in general.


MethodsMethods

• 6 staff members were interviewed to form themes for questioning.

• Survey questions were based on a 5-point Likert scale or were open ended. Some questions were written collaboratively.

• Questionnaires were circulated to staff both on-line using Survey Monkey and in a paper form.

• Incentivised with chocolates and a competition.


Results - demographicsResults - demographics


Results - responsesResults - responses

• 192 full time academics and 115 part time n=307 staff members in the faculty.

• 52 respondents = 17% staff.


ResultsResults

Q1. What is your gender?

36%

64%

MaleFemale

50/52

Q2. How old are you?

0%20%

40%

36%

4%

18-29 years30-3940-4950-5960-69

50/5250/52


ResultsResultsQ3. How many years have you worked in

the Faculty of HLS?

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

2 years or less

3-5 years

6-10

11-20

21-30

31-40

More than 40

(% Respondents 50/52)


What are your main subject specialisms?


Results – all about OERResults – all about OER


What does the term "Open Educational Resources" mean to you?


(% Responses 47/52)


(% Respondents 47/52)


Results – perceptions of VALResults – perceptions of VAL


VALVAL

• 4 staff use it, the rest didn’t.

• 19 – never heard of it.

• 9 – not relevant for my area.

• 8 – would like to adapt the resources.

• No issues about quality or that lab skills should be taught in the lab.


Results – level of borrowing Results – level of borrowing and sharing going onand sharing going on


If you have answered YES, to whom do you make your resources available (tick all that apply)?

0

20

40

60

80

Academiccolleagues who

you workclosely with

Academiccolleagueswithin the

faculty

Academiccolleaguesoutside the

faculty but inDMU

Other academiccolleagues e.g.

through asubject network

Openlyavailable toanyone whowants them

globally

Other

Do you make your own materials available to others to SHARE?

86%

14%

YesNo

(% Responses 44/52)


(% Responses 44/52)

If you have answered YES, where do you obtain resources from (tick all that apply)?

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Academiccolleagues who

you workclosely with

Resourcestaken from the

internet

Resourcessupplied

through atextbook

manufacturer

Other academiccolleagues e.g.

through asubject network

Academiccolleagueswithin the

faculty

Academiccolleaguesoutside the

faculty but inDMU

Do you ever use resources that have originated elsewhere?

86%

14%

Yes

No

(% Responses 44/52)


(% Responses 48/52)

Indicate whether you CREATE the following or not, or whether you would like to learn.

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Powerpoint or other presentation slides

Word documents / notes

Essay questions

Multiple choice questions

Photographs

Drawings / images

Video clips

Web pages

Spreadsheet exercises

Podcasts / audio files

Screen-capture images / video

Animations

Repackaging resources e.g. Xerte

Yes

No

Like to learn


Results – attitudesResults – attitudes


Indicate how do you feel about SHARING your educational resources?

1 2 3 4 5

I don’t wish to give colleagues the advantage of using my resources

I don’t wish to share resources that I've spent a long time preparing

Why give away resources to other universities

I have concerns over copyright

I have no support for making materials openly available

I would need to be acknowledged as the author

I’d be happy for someone to adapt my resources

Sharing resources enhances my reputation as a good teacher

It enhances the reputation of my institution

I believe in open education

Rating Average(1 = S Disagree 5 = S Agree)

(45/52)


How do you feel about BORROWING educational resources developed by others?

1 2 3 4 5

I prefer to work individually and use my own resources

I don’t really know where to look for them

I'd only use resources recommended by someone I knowand trust

It is not easy to adapt resources to meet my needs

I have trouble finding resources of high enough quality

I'd only use resources from someone I know and trust

Borrowing resources saves time and money

Rating Average(1 = S Disagree 5 = S Agree)

(45/52)


What infrastructure, help and rewards would we need to put in place to share / borrow more?

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Wider use of external repository e.g. JORUM (open to all)

Blackboard (resources only available to DMU staff and students)

An institutional repository (resources only available to DMU staffand students)

The use of an open website e.g. YouTube, Picassa, (open to all)

Incentives for people who develop the resources

Staff development

IT / technical assistance

Clarity over copyright

(% Responses 45/52)


SummarySummary• Small response (n=52) from Faculty of HLS. Potential

for a +ve bias.

• Reasonable understanding of OER - free / available / resources; only 5% heard of “OER” phrase.

• Awareness of DMU repositories good, but few aware of JORUM.

• Clarity on copyright issues required.


SummarySummary

• VAL is poorly used due to lack of publicity in the Faculty!

• Strategies for adaptation and reuse to be explored.


SummarySummary

• Majority of staff already share resources with close colleagues but no further a field. (Similar finding to Bell & Rothery, n=130).

• Majority of staff borrow from close colleagues, internet and textbooks, but not university wide. Happy to use web materials but not put resources there. (Similar to above).


SummarySummary

• Staff were favourable about sharing resources – “I believe in open education” “I’d be happy for someone to adapt” “saves time and money”. Minority “didn’t wish to share” or “wish to give colleagues an advantage”.

• Copyright, IT support, staff development and incentives were raised are potential barriers.


Faculty

DRIVERSBelief in OERHappy for people to reuse/adaptSaves time and money


DMU

BARRIERSCopyright confusionNeed more staff trainingLack of IT supportLack of an incentive

Belief in sharingand incentives are the strongestinfluence on sharing (5)


ReferencesReferences

(1) Open educational resources programme (2009). Available at:http://www.jisc.ac.uk/oer [Accessed 14th October 2009]

(2) UK Centre for Bioscience OER Project (2009). Available at:http://www.heacademy.ac.uk/projects/detail/OER_SUB_Bioscience [Accessed 14th October 2009]

(3) Virtual Analytical Laboratory (2009). Available at: http://hlsweb.dmu.ac.uk/ahs/elearning/RITA/Index.html [Accessed 14th October 2009]

(4) Seonghee K & Boryung J (2008). An analysis of faculty perceptions. Library and Information Science Research. (30), 282-290.

(5) Bell V & Rothery A (2006). E-sharing: Developing use of e-repositories and e-libraries for learning and teaching. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of European University Information Systems. 123-129.


AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

Questionnaire Design Collaborators• HEA Bioscience Subject Centre• Dr Andrew Rothery, University of Worcester• Peter Reed, Edge Hill University

Mobilising VAL Project Designers• Phil Tubman• Simon Griffin

Funding• HEFCE/JISC Open Educational Resources Pilot Project + UK Centre for Bioscience.• De Montfort University Research Informed Teaching Award

Open Content Barriers Oer10 Conference Mar10 V Rolfe

Education

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