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ECG

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:-tents) Introduction) Medical View) rinciples of

operation) Block diagram

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ntroduction-phy or ECG is a important diagnostic tool for Vetephy or ECG is a important diagnostic tool for Vete

.e electrical activity of the heart.e electrical activity of the heart

device had 10 electrodes separated in two grdevice had 10 electrodes separated in two gr

) ( , , , ).1 LA RA LL Physical ground) ( , , , ).1 LA RA LL Physical ground) (2) (2 vv11 , v, v22 ,v,v33 ,v,v44 , v, v55 ,v,v66))

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:-tents) Introduction) Medical View) rinciples of

operation) Block diagram

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dical View- natomy of Thenatomy of TheHearteart

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ody Circulationsody Circulations( ) .y lesser circulation( ) .y lesser circulationd circulates between the heart and lungs).ygenated

( )greater circulation( )greater circulation .d circulates between the heart and the bodiver oxygen and nutrients to all body cell

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( )ulmonary lesser( )ulmonary lesser.irculation.irculation

( )ystemic greater( )ystemic greater circulationirculation .

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&nitiation Conduction of&nitiation Conduction oflectric Impulse In The Heartlectric Impulse In The Heart

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the right atrium of the heart called sinoatrial nthe right atrium of the heart called sinoatrial n

) .1 The left atrium) .1 The left atrium

( )trioventricular node AVD( )trioventricular node AVD .h conduct the impulse very slowly.h conduct the impulse very slowly

)3 Atrioventricular bundle)

3 Atrioventricular bundle

&s which conduct the impulses to the right left&s which conduct the impulses to the right left v

SANAVN

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:-tents) Introduction) Medical View) rinciples of

operation) Block diagram

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ciples of operation-( )2 parameters 12 lead by using 10 electrodes are( )2 parameters 12 lead by using 10 electrodes are, ).L Physical ground, ).L Physical ground

, , , ).v4 v5 v6, , , ).v4 v5 v6:are put in the body like in the next figure:are put in the body like in the next figure

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)lead is measured using 10 electrodes are show)lead is measured using 10 electrodes are show

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CG waveformCG waveform

3 distinct waves are produced during cardiac cycleP wavecaused by atrial depolarization

QRS complexcaused by ventricular depolarizationT waveresults from ventricular repolarization

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(ments of the ECG (ments of the ECG PART;

rization of both atria;rization of both atriaip between P and QRS helps distinguish various carip between P and QRS helps distinguish various car

.duration of P may indicate atrial enlargement.duration of P may indicate atrial enlargement

-13 63

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nterval : from onset of P wave to onset of QRS: from onset of P wave to onset of QRS= . - . .al duration 0 12 2 0 sec= . - . .al duration 0 12 2 0 sec

.esents atria to ventricular conduction time.esents atria to ventricular conduction timeonged PR interval may indicate a 1st degree heartonged PR interval may indicate a 1st degree heart b

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epolarizationepolarization

.f greater muscle mass of ventricles.f greater muscle mass of ventricles

.seconds.secondsmorphology are useful in diagnosing cardiac arrhytmorphology are useful in diagnosing cardiac arrhyt

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ization or recovery of ventriclesization or recovery of ventriclesinning of QRS to apex of T is referred to as the abinning of QRS to apex of T is referred to as the ab

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:T segment- Connects the QRS complex and T wave- Connects the QRS complex and T wave- . - . ( - )Duration of 0 08 0 12 sec 80 120 msec- . - . ( - )Duration of 0 08 0 12 sec 80 120 msec

terval Measured from beginning of QRS to the end of the TMeasured from beginning of QRS to the end of the T .Normal QT is usually about 0 40 sec.Normal QT is usually about 0 40 sec QT interval varies based on heart rateQT interval varies based on heart rate

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ypes of ECG Recordingsypes of ECG RecordingsLeads

nipolar Leadsolar LeadsEAD IEAD IIEAD III AUGMENTEDLEADS HESTLEADS

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olar Leadsead Iead I &records between right arm left arm&records between right arm left armead IIead II : &right arm left leg: &right arm left legead IIIead III : &left arm left leg: &left arm left leg

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polar Leads) AUGMENTED

:-EADS

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) CHEST:-EADSpolar Leads

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:-tents) Introduction) Medical View) rinciples of

operation) Block diagram

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ock diagram-

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ENSINGELECTRODESensing the signal from the body to theensing the signal from the body to the

ROTECTIONCIRCUITrotect the human body from the electricrotect the human body from the electric

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EAD SELECTORelect the wanted leads that we want to show there select the wanted leads that we want to show there s

multiplexers that has multi input and one output ismultiplexers that has multi input and one output is

OPAMP

MULTIPLEXER

OUTPUTLAALLLLLL

RAALAARAA

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RE AMPLIFIERthe signal is amplifiered to be available to the nethe signal is amplifiered to be available to the ne

NAMPLIFIEDSIGNAL MPLIFIEDSIGNAL