ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON PEACE, GLOBAL WARS, … · GLOBAL WARS, CONFLICTS AND SECURITY CONTENTS...
Transcript of ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON PEACE, GLOBAL WARS, … · GLOBAL WARS, CONFLICTS AND SECURITY CONTENTS...
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
PEACE, GLOBAL WARS, CONFLICTS AND SECURITY
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
Dr. Markandey Rai Dr. Shyamnarayan Pandey Dr. Akshay Kumar Nayak
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on
GLOBAL WARS, CONFLICTS AND SECURITY
CONTENTS
1. International Peace and Security 1
2. Timely Decisions in the Field of Military and Strategic Security 59
3. Preventing Conflicts 93
4. Preventing, Controlling and Resolving Conflict 110
5. The Cambodian Conflict: Prospects for a Negotiated Settlement 241
6. Aspects of the Central American Peace Process 263 7. General Overview of African Contemporary Political,
Military and Economic Affairs and their Relationship to Peace, Security, Disarmament and Confidence- Building among African States 281
8. Conflict Resolution, Crisis Prevention and Management and Confidence-Building in West Africa 303
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
FACILITATION PROVIDED BY THE IAEWAP ASIAN CHAPTER
Headquarters : New Delhi, India
3
ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
PEACE-KEEPING AND PEACE-MAKING
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
Dr. Markandey Rai Dr. Shyamnarayan Pandey Dr. Akshay Kumar Nayak
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on PEACE-KEEPING AND PEACE-MAKING
CONTENTS
9. Peace-keeping 369
10. Soldiers of Peace 387
11. Peace-keeping is a Technique that Expands the Possibilities for both the Prevention of Conflict and the Making of Peace 391
12. UN Peace-keeping: Composition and Organisation 418
13. The Blue Helmets 451
14. Past Peace-keeping Operations 458
15. Current Peace-keeping Operations 468
16. Peace-Keeping and Arab-Israeli Conflict 484
17. Peace-making 627
18. Peace-Keeping and Disarmament in the Peace-Building Process 646
19. Peace Building: An Introduction 667
20. Peace Building: The Basic Political Agreement 671
21. Peace Building: Relief and Humanitarian Assistance in the Post-Conflict Context 675
22. Peace Building: Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration 687 23. Peace Building: Rehabilitation, Reconstruction and Reconciliation 706
24. Human Rights Support for Peace-making, Peace-keeping and Peace-building Activities 714
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
FACILITATION PROVIDED BY THE IAEWAP ASIAN CHAPTER
Headquarters : New Delhi, India
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
UNITED NATIONS PEACE BUILDING STRATEGY
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
Dr. Markandey Rai Dr. Shyamnarayan Pandey Dr. Akshay Kumar Nayak
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on UNITED NATIONS PEACE BUILDING STRATEGY
CONTENTS
25. United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation 753
26. United Nations Disengagement Observer Force 757
27. United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission 761
28. Peace-Keeping and Indo-Pak Conflict 767
29. United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan 783
30. United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan 787
31. United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda 789
32. UN Observation Group in Lebanon 836
33. United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon 857
34. Representative of the Secretary-General in the Dominican Republic 861 35. United Nations Mission in Haiti 874
36. United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia 905
37. Peace-Keeping in West New Guinea (West Irian) 928
38. United Nations Angola Verification Mission II 943
39. Peace-Keeping in Congo 971
40. United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador 1014
41. Peace-Keeping in Cyprus 1040
42. United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus (Unficyp) 1080
43. United Nations Operation in Mozambique (Onumoz) 1087
44. United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia 1115
45. United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara 1136
46. United Nations Operation in Somalia II 1150
47. United Nations Protection Force 1203
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
FACILITATION PROVIDED BY THE IAEWAP ASIAN CHAPTER Headquarters : New Delhi, India
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
GLOBAL PEACE AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
Dr. Markandey Rai Dr. Shyamnarayan Pandey Dr. Akshay Kumar Nayak
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
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On l i ne Aw ar en ess-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on GLOBAL PEACE AND
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
CONTENTS 48. “...beat their Swords into Plowshares” 1275
49. United Nations Member States as on January 2001 1277
50. Multifaceted Co-operation: A Post-Confrontational Perspective for the United Nations 1283
51. The Role of the United Nations in Disarmament 1297
52. The General Assembly 1306
53. The First Committee of the General Assembly 1318
54. Disarmament Resolutions Adopted by the General Assembly at its Forty-Second Session 1342
55. Third Special Session of the General Assembly on Disarmament 1346
56. Resolutions of the General Assembly 1368
57. The Security Council 1385
58. A Way to Control Conflicts and Promote Peace 1395
59. High-Level Meeting of the Security Council: Note by the President of the Security Council on Behalf of the Members 1405
60. Achieving Peace and Security 1427
61. Supplement to an Agenda for Peace 1443
62. An Agenda for Peace 1472
63. Comprehensive Review of the Whole Question of Peace-keeping Operations in All Their Aspects 1500
64. International Law 1514 65. Renewing the United Nations 1527 66. Address to the Advisory Board on Disarmament Matters, 1 July 1996 1537 67. Millennium Documents 1542
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
FACILITATION PROVIDED BY THE IAEWAP ASIAN CHAPTER Headquarters : New Delhi, India
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
TECHNICAL, COLLECTIVE AND COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO
GLOBAL SECURITY
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
Dr. Markandey Rai Dr. Shyamnarayan Pandey Dr. Akshay Kumar Nayak
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on TECHNICAL, COLLECTIVE AND COMPREHENSIVE
APPROACH TO GLOBAL SECURITY
CONTENTS
68. Global Security: Concepts, Problems, Threats and Prospects 1563 69. Towards Global Security 1580 70. Defining “Global Security” 1591 71. Problems and Threats in International Security 1608 72. Pugwash Symposium on Scientific and Technological
Aspects of Development of New Weapons, Verification Issues and Global Security 1618
73. New Technologies and the Search for Security: Prospects for a Post-Cold-War Era 1725
74. Measures to Promote International Peace and Security 1757 75. From Collective Self-Defence to a Collective Security
System in Europe 1786 76. Post-’92 Helsinki: Towards an Operational Institution
for Comprehensive Security 1821 77. Multilateral Confidence-Building Measures and
the Prevention of War 1848
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
FACILITATION PROVIDED BY THE IAEWAP ASIAN CHAPTER
Headquarters : New Delhi, India
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
REGIONAL SECURITY AND CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES
FOR WORLD PEACE
Awareness and Capsule Course
offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION,
RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
Dr. Markandey Rai Dr. Shyamnarayan Pandey Dr. Akshay Kumar Nayak
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on REGIONAL SECURITY AND CONFIDENCE
BUILDING MEASURES FOR WORLD PEACE
CONTENTS 78. The United Nations Guidelines for Regional
Approaches to Disarmament 1879
79. Openness, Assurance of Security and Disarmament 1916
80. Asian-Pacific World in Transition 1937
81. Prospects of Arms Limitations in the Asia-Pacific Region 1954
82. Implications of the Regional Environment for Regimes of Confidence- and Security-Building for Asia and the Pacific 1978
83. Changes in the Diplomatic and Strategic Environment in the South-East Asian and Pacific Regions 1997
84. South-East Asian Security Issues and Confidence-Building 2026 85. The Korean Peninsula: Security Concerns and CBMs 2042 86. A Perspective from the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea 2072 87. Security Concerns in South-East Asia and the Pacific: An ASEAN Perspective 2089 88. Openness and Transparency in the ASEAN Countries 2107 89. Towards a Sub-regional Agenda for Peace in Central Africa 2122 90. Southern Africa’s Security: Six Propositions for the Twenty-first Century 2135 91. Strengthening of Political Co-operation in Latin America 2148 92. Co-operation and Confidence-building Measures in Latin America and the Caribbean 2167 93. Nuclear Non-Acquisition and Confidence-Building: Argentina and Brazil 2194 94. Confidence-building Measures in the Maritime Domain 2213 95. Necessity of Including Naval Armaments in Disarmament Negotiations 2236 96. International Seminar on Indian Ocean as a Zone of Peace 2274 97. Coming in from the Cold War: Arctic Security in the
Emerging Global Climate: A View from Canada 2311 98. Natural Resources and Conflict: Need for Confidence-
Building and Crisis Management 2343
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
FACILITATION PROVIDED BY THE IAEWAP ASIAN CHAPTER Headquarters : New Delhi, India
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
GENERAL STATEMENTS, PROTOCOLS AND CHARTERS FOR PEACE
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
Dr. Markandey Rai Dr. Shyamnarayan Pandey Dr. Akshay Kumar Nayak
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
14
On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on GENERAL STATEMENTS, PROTOCOLS
AND CHARTERS FOR PEACE CONTENTS
99. Chronology Concerning the Atlantic Charter 2363
100. List of Documents Concerning the Atlantic Charter 2369
101. Four Freedoms Speech, Roosevelt, January 6, 1941 2371
102. The Atlantic Charter: Joint Declaration by the President and the Prime Minister, 12th August 1941 2372
103. Agreement between the United States of America and Greece Relating to the Principles Applying to Mutual All in the Prosecution of the War against Aggression, signed at Washington, on 10th July 1942, No. 319 2374
104. Churchill’s Speech Zurich, September 19, 1946 on European Unity 2376
105. Charter of the United Nations, Art. 3, 4, 103 and 110 2390
106. United Nations Model Rules for the Conciliation 2393
107. Security Assurances of France 2402 108. Helsinki Document 1992 (Excerpts) 2405 109. Missile Technology Control Regime Plenary Meeting 2412 110. Joint United States-Russian Statements 2414 111. Permanent Five Interim Guidelines Related to
Weapons of Mass Destruction 2417 112. Excerpts from the Report of the Secretary-General of
the United Nations on Cambodia 2419 113. Developments in the El Salvador Peace Process 2426 114. Excerpts from the Final Act of Paris Conference on Cambodia 2428 115. Closing Communique of the Meeting of the Five on
Arms Transfers and Non-Proliferation 2440 116. The Compressed Negotiations 2443 117. Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the
International Atomic Energy Agency Secretariat Complete Safeguards Agreement Text 2447
118. Communique from Paris Meeting of Five on Arms Transfers and Non-Proliferation 2448
119. Communique of the Political Consultative Committee of the Warsaw Treaty Member States and Protocol Signed 2451
120. Final Document of the Seminar for High-Level Military and Civilian Officials 2455
121. Excerpt on Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation from the French Arms Control and Disarmament Plan 2458
122. Final Document of Extraordinary Conference of States Parties to the CFE Treaty, Oslo, 5 June 1992 2459
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123. Memorandum on the European Security Commission Issued on 6 April 1990 by the Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Federal Republic of Czechoslovakia 2468
124. Summary of Conclusions of the Meeting of the Five Permanent Members of the Security Council on the Cambodian Problem 2472
125. Principles that should Govern Further Actions of the States in the Field of the Freezing and Reduction of Military Budgets 2474
126. Government-Industry Conference against Chemical Weapons: Summary Statement by the Chairman Canberra, 22 September 1989 2477
127. Joint United States-Soviet Statement on Chemical Weapons 2485
128. Communique Issued by the Committee of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the States Parties to the Warsaw Treaty at its Session Held at Berlin 2488
129. Proposals for the Negotiations on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Submitted by: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States 2494
130. Concluding Document of the Vienna Meeting 1986 of Representatives of the Participating States of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe, Held on the Basis of the Provisions of the Final Act Relating to the Follow-up to the Conference 2499
131. Communique from the Session of the Committee of the Ministers for Foreign Affairs of States Parties to the Warsaw Treaty Prague, 28-29 October 1987 (excerpts) 2508
132. Western European Union Platform on European Security Interests the Hague 2516
133. Final Document of the International Conference on the Relationship Between Disarmament and Development 2522
134. Memorandum of Poland on Decreasing Armaments and Increasing Confidence in Central Europe 2533
135. Communique Issued by the Session of the Political Consultative Committee of the States Parties to the Warsaw Treaty 2537
136. Guidelines on Nuclear Transfers Agreed by the Nuclear Suppliers Group 2550
137. Basic Principles of Negotiations on the Further Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (1973) 2563
138. Memorandum of Understanding between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Regarding the Establishment of a Direct Communications Link (1963) 2565
139. Statement by the Ministers for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan 2569
140. Statements on Security Assurances of the Russian Federation 2573
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141. Statement on Security Assurances of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2575
142. Statement on Security Assurances of the United States of America 2578
143. Statement on Security Assurances of the People’s Republic of China 2581
144. Concluding Statement by the President of the Amendment Conference of the States Parties to the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and under Water 2583
145. Statement from the Nordic Foreign Ministers’ Meeting Non-Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction 2585
146. Joint Statement of the President of the Argentine Republic and the President of the Federative Republic of Brazil upon the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the Signing of the Treaty of Tlatelolco 2587
147. Statement by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on the Non-Nuclear Status of Ukraine 2589
148. Statement by President F. W. de Klerk on South African Accession to the NPT 2591
149. Statement of the Member States of the Warsaw Treaty 2593
150. Statement of the United Nations Secretary-General on the Occasion of the Signing of the Treaty on Conventional Forces in Europe 2595
151. Agreed Statement in Connection with the Agreement Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Destruction and Non-Production of Chemical Weapons and on Measures to Facilitate the Multilateral Convention on Banning Chemical Weapons 2597
152. Joint United States-USSR Statements 2598
153. Joint Statement on the Treaty on Strategic Offensive Arms 2604
154. Joint Statement on Future Negotiations on Nuclear and Space Arms and Further Enhancing Strategic Stability 2609
155. Statement Made on 5 March 1990 by the President of the United States of America Concerning the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 2611
156. Joint Statement Issued at the Conclusion of the United States-Soviet Ministerial Meeting 2613
157. Joint Statement on Chemical Weapons Issued at the Conclusion of the United States-Soviet Ministerial Meeting 2617
158. Final Statement of the Palme Commission on Disarmament and Security Issues 2619
159. Conventional Arms Control: Statement of the Ministerial Session of the North Atlantic Council 2642
160. Joint Statement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Issued Following Meetings in Moscow from 29 May to 1 June 1988 2646
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161. Joint Statement Between the President of the United States of America and the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Washington, D.C., 10 December 1987 (excerpts) 2660
162. Statement on the Ministerial Meeting of the North Atlantic Council 2667
163. Joint Statement of the Six 22 May 1987 2671 164. Statements by the President of the Security Council
on behalf of the Council 2673 165. High-Level Meeting of the Security Council:
Note by the President of the Security Council on Behalf of the Members 2678
166. Statements by the President of the Security Council 2699
167. Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices as Amended on 3 May 1 996 (Protocol II of the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the use of Certain Conventional Weapons which may be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects) 2722
168. Protocol to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-ban Treaty 2740
169. Protocol to the July 1991 START Treaty 2769
170. Protocol I Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (1977) 2772
171. Document on Confidence-Building Measures and Certain Aspects of Security and Disarmament Included in the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (1975) 2799
172. Protocol to the Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (1974) 2804
173. Protocol to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Underground Nuclear Weapon Tests 2807
174. Protocol to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Underground Nuclear Weapon Tests 2809
175. Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare (1925) 2811
176. Protocol for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes (1924) 2813
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
RESOLUTIONS, AGREEMENTS, CONFERENCES AND CONVENTIONS
FOR WORLD PEACE
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
Dr. Markandey Rai Dr. Shyamnarayan Pandey Dr. Akshay Kumar Nayak
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
19
On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on RESOLUTIONS, AGREEMENTS, CONFERENCES
AND CONVENTIONS FOR WORLD PEACE
CONTENTS
177. Resolutions Adopted on the Reports of the First
Committee 2823
178. Resolution on the Establishment of a Nuclear-Weapon- Free Zone in Central Asia 2825
179. Resolution on the Middle East Adopted by the 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference 2827
180. Security Council Resolution 984 (1995) on Security Assurances 2829
181. General Assembly Resolution 47/39 on the Chemical Weapons Convention 2832
182. General Assembly Resolution 46/36 (December 9, 1991) 2835 183. Resolution 271 (XII), adopted by the Agency for the
Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean at its Twelfth Regular session, entitled “Foz de Iguazu Declaration on the Joint Nuclear Policy of Argentina and Brazil” 2843
184. Security Council Resolution 687 (1991) 2845 185. General Assembly Resolution 3462 (XXX) of 11 December 1975 2856 186. Inter-allied Meeting, London, September 24, 1941,
London at St. James’s Palace 2859 187. The International Conferences of American States,
Second Supplement, 1942-1954 2866 188. Second Review Conference of the States Parties
to the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which may be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects 2872
189. Report of the Third Annual Conference of the States Parties to Amended Protocol II on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices as Amended on 3 May 1996 Annexed to the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the use of Certain Conventional Weapons which may be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects 2883
190. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (1994) 2892
191. Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel 3046
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192. Final Document of the Extraordinary Conference of the States Parties to the CFE Treaty 3057
193. Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons which may be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects 3066
194. Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons which may be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects (1980) 3090
195. Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (1979) 3097
196. Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other Hostile use of Environmental Modification Techniques 3109
197. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and an their Destruction (1972) 3116
198. Convention on Special Missions and Optional Protocol Concerning Compulsory Settlement of Disputes 3124
199. Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949) 3136
200. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (1948) 3163
201. Charter of the United Nations (1945) 3168
202. Convention on the Limitations of Armaments of Central American States 3198
203. Convention Relating to the Non-Fortification and Neutralisation of the Aaland Islands (1921) 3201
204. U.S.S.R.-United States: Mutual and Agreements 3206
205. Safeguards Agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Signed by North Korea 3207
206. Agreement on Joint Measures with Respect to Nuclear Weapons in the Commonwealth of Independent States 3208
207. Safeguards Agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Signed by Argentina and Brazil 3211
208. Agreement on Reconciliation, Non-Aggression, and Cooperation and Exchange between the North and the South 3213
209. Developments in the El Salvador Peace Process New York Agreement 3217
210. Agreement between the Government of Hungary and the Government of Romania on the Establishment of
an Open Skies Regime 3224
211. Security Commission Agreement 3248
212. Agreement Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Destruction and Non-Production of Chemical Weapons and on Measures to Facilitate the Multilateral Convention on Banning Chemical Weapons 3251
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213. Conceptual Framework for Agreement on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (FE) Proposed by Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 3259
214. Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Conduct of a Joint Verification Experiment 3263
215. Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Notifications of Launches of Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles and Submarine-launched Ballistic Missiles 3267
216. Agreement Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Prevention of Nuclear War (1973) 3270
217. Interim Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Certain Measures with Respect to the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (1972) 3273
218. Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Prevention of Incidents on and over the High Seas (1972) 3277
219. Agreements to Reduce Risk of Nuclear War between the United States and Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1971) 3281
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
FACILITATION PROVIDED BY THE IAEWAP ASIAN CHAPTER
Headquarters : New Delhi, India
22
ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
TREATIES AMONG NATIONS FOR GLOBAL PEACE AND SECURITY
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
Dr. Markandey Rai Dr. Shyamnarayan Pandey Dr. Akshay Kumar Nayak
Online Peace Education, Reconstruction, Accord,
Non-Violence and Disarmament Initiative (OPERANDI) International Association of Educators for World Peace
NGO Affiliate of United Nations – ECOSOC, UNDPI Headquarters : Huntsville, Alabama, USA
23
On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on TREATIES AMONG NATIONS FOR GLOBAL PEACE AND SECURITY
CONTENTS
220. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty 3283
221. African Nuclear-Weapon-Free-Zone Treaty (Pelindaba Treaty) 3320
222. Treaty on the Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon- Free Zone (Bangkok Treaty) 3338
223. Related Documentation on a Comprehensive Test Ban 3353
224. Treaty on Open Skies 3355
225. Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, November 19, 1990 3439
226. Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles (The INF Treaty) (March 1988) 3564
227. Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles 3573
228. South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty (December 1987) 3591
229. South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty 3597
230. Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (1979) 3615
231. Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Underground Nuclear Explosions for Peaceful Purposes 3648
232. Treaty between the United Sates of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Underground Nuclear Weapon Tests (1974) 3671
233. Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (1972) 3674
234. Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Sub-soil Thereof 3680
235. Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 3685 236. Text of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear
Weapons 3692
24
237. Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (14 February, 1967) 3699
238. Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (1967) 3720
239. Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water (1963) 3727
240. Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, Outer Space and Under Water 3730
241. The Antarctic Treaty 3734
242. Anti-War Treaty (Non-Aggression and Conciliation) (1933) 3741
243. Treaty for the Limitation of Naval Armament (1936) 3747
244. General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy (1928) 3763
245. Treaty Between the United States of America, the British Empire, France, Italy and Japan, for the Limitation of Naval Armament (1922) 3765
246. Treaty Concerning the Archipelago of Spitsbergen (1920) 3780
247. Treaty of Versailles (1919) 3784
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
DECLARATIONS, DECISIONS AND UN DOCUMENTS FOR PEACE
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on DECLARATIONS, DECISIONS AND
UN DOCUMENTS FOR PEACE
CONTENTS
248. Declaration by United Nations, done Washington on January 1st, 1942, with Related Documents, No. 4817 3823
249. Declaration on Measures to Eliminate International Terrorism 3828
250. Declaration on the Enhancement of Cooperation between the United Nations and Regional Arrangements or Agencies in the Maintenance of International Peace and Security 3851
251. CSCE Declaration on the Treaty on Open Skies 3855
252. Declaration of the CSCE Council on Non-Proliferation and Arms Transfers 3857
253. Joint Declaration of the Denuclearisation of the Korean Peninsula 3859
254. Declaration on Fact-finding by the United Nations in the Field of the Maintenance of International Peace and Security 3862
255. Declaration of the 1990s as the Third Disarmament Decade 3867
256. Cartagena Declaration on the Renunciation of Weapons of Mass Destruction 3870
257. Joint Declaration on the Complete Prohibition of Chemical and Biological Weapons: Mendoza Accord 3874
258. Economic Summit Declaration on Conventional Arms Transfers and NBC Non-Proliferation 3876
259. European Council Declaration on Non-Proliferation and Arms Exports 3881
260. Argentine-Brazilian Joint Declaration on Nuclear Policy Issued at Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, on 28 November 1990 3883
261. Joint Declaration of Twenty-Two States Parties to the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe 3885
262. Joint Declaration of the Federal Republic of Germany and of the German Democratic Republic on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Weapons 3888
263. London Declaration on a Transformed North Atlantic Alliance 3889 264. Declaration by the States Parties to the Warsaw Treaty 3895 265. Final Declaration of the Third Review Conference of
the Parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof 3898
266. Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (September 1989) 3904
27
267. Excerpts from the Declaration of the Heads of State or Government Participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council 3911
268. Final Declaration of the Conference of States Parties to the 1925 Geneva Protocol and other Interested States on the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons 3915
269. Declaration on the Prevention and Removal of Disputes and Situations Which May Threaten International Peace and Security and on the Role of the United Nations in this Field 3917
270. Declaration on the Enhancement of the Effectiveness of the Principle of Refraining from the Threat or Use of Fore in International Relations 3922
271. Declaration Issued on the Occasion of the Fifth Anniversary of the Launching of the Six-Nation Initiative, 1987 3929
272. Declaration on the Right of Peoples to Peace 3932
273. Manila Declaration on the Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes 3934
274. Declaration on the Inadmissibility of Intervention and Interference in the Internal Affairs of States 3941
275. Declaration on the Prevention of Nuclear Catastrophe 3947
276. Declaration of the 1980s as the Second Disarmament Decade 3949
277. Declaration on International Cooperation for Disarmament 3959
278. Declaration on the Preparation of Societies for Life in Peace 3965 279. Declaration on the Deepening and Consolidation of
International Detente 3969
280. Declaration on the use of Scientific and Technological Progress in the Interests of Peace and for the Benefit of Mankind 3973
281. Declaration of the Indian Ocean as a Zone of Peace 3976
282. Declaration of Principles Governing the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor, and the Subsoil Thereof, beyond the Limits of National Jurisdiction 3979
283. Declaration on the Strengthening of International Security 3983 284. Declaration on the Inadmissibility of Intervention in
the Domestic Affairs of States and the Protection of their Independence and Sovereignty 3989
285. Declaration on the Neutrality of Laos (1962) 3992
286. Declaration on the Prohibition of the Use of Nuclear and Thermo-nuclear Weapons 3996
287. Excerpt from the State of the Union Message by the President of the United States, George Bush 3998
288. Excerpt from a Message from the President of the Russian Federation, B. N. Yeltsin, to the Secretary- General of the United Nations 3999
289. Responses to the United States and Soviet Unilateral Initiatives 4006
28
290. Excerpts from a Statement by President Mikhail Gorbachev 4011 291. United States and Soviet Unilateral Initiatives on
Nuclear Arms 4014
292. United States-Soviet Joint Statement on Afghanistan 4019
293. Commentary on the United States-Soviet Joint Statement on Afghanistan 4021
294. Selected Security Council Resolutions on the Special Commission on Iraq 4022
295. Security Council Resolution 715 (1991) 4026
296. General Assembly Resolution 44/21: Enhancing International Peace, Security and International Co-operation in All Its Aspects in Accordance with the Charter of the United Nations 4028
297. Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar’s Statement to the Conference Concerning the 1925 GenevaProtocol Prohibiting Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases 4030
298. Address by General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev at the Forty-third Session of the General Assembly 4035
299. Report of the Secretary-General on the Work of the Organisation September 1987 (Excerpts) 4041
300. United Nations Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (1979) 4044
301. General Assembly Resolution 32/75 of 12 December 1977 4054
302. Decision on Strengthening the Review Process for the Treaty 4057
303. Decision on Principles and Objectives for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament 4059
304. Decision on the Extension of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 4064
305. Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in all its Aspects 4065
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
MAJOR RESOLUTIONS AND DECISIONS ON DISARMAMENT
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on
MAJOR RESOLUTIONS AND DECISIONS ON DISARMAMENT
CONTENTS
1. Text of Disarmament Resolutions and Decisions: 49th Session 1
2. Text of Disarmament Resolutions and Decisions: 50th Session 9
3. Text of Disarmament Resolutions and Decisions: 51st Session 79
4. Text of Disarmament Resolutions and Decisions: 52nd Session 156
5. Text of Disarmament Resolutions and Decisions: 53rd Session 228
6. Text of Disarmament Resolutions and Decisions: 54th Session 315
7. Text of Disarmament Resolutions and Decisions: 55th Session 407
8. Text of Disarmament Resolutions and Decisions: 56th Session 500
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT
CONTENTS
9. United Nations Conference on Disarmament Issues 589
10. Multilateral and Bilateral Approaches to Disarmament 623
11. Effect of Perestroika on Disarmament Strategy 643 12. Destruction of Weapons Systems under Multilateral Arms Control Agreements 665
13. Disarmament Education in Africa: The IAUP/UN Commission Experience 677
14. Economic and Social Consequences of Disarmament 697
15. Disarmament 705
16. UN and Disarmament: Evolution of Machinery and Approaches Till 1970 721
17. General and Complete Disarmament, 1959-1970 728
18. Collateral Measures of Disarmament 779
19. Postscript 817 20. The Conference on Disarmament: The Single Multilateral
Disarmament Negotiating Body of the International Community (July, 1986) 826
21. The United Nations and Disarmament (1945-1995) 839
22. New Weapons, New Tools 860 23. Principles, Approaches and Measures of Disarmament 874
24. Disarmament and Peace-Building Process 899
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
ARMS RACE, TRADE AND MILITARY EXPENDITURE
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on
ARMS RACE, TRADE AND MILITARY EXPENDITURE
CONTENTS
25. Security, Economic and Political Implications of Arms Race 921
26. Economic and Social Implications of the Arms Race 925
27. Arms Race: Social and Economic Consequences 941
28. Dynamics of the Arms Race: Social and Economic Impacts 948
29. The Arms Race in Terms of Resources 968
30. The Arms Race and Economic and Social Development 982
31. Economic and Social Consequences of the Arms Race and Military Expenditures 1004
32. Reduction of Military Budgets 1015
33. Military Budget Expenditure Compared with other Statistics: Annual Averages, 1973-1975 1024
34. The End of the Cold War and Declining Military Expenditures 1031
35. Agreement on Reducing Forces in Europe 1073
36. Table of World Military Expenditure, 1980-89 1106
37. The International Arms Trade 1125
38. International Arms Transfers: Supplier Policies and Recipient Dependence 1142
39. Italian Legislation on the Export of Armaments 1174
40. International Dialogue and the Conversion of the Armaments Industry 1202
41. The National Experience of the USSR 1235
42. The Effects of Military Industrialisation in Latin America 1282
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
DEFENSIVE SECURITY AND ARMS REDUCTION
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on DEFENSIVE SECURITY AND ARMS REDUCTION
CONTENTS
43. Defensive Security: Concept, Policy, Strategy and Measures for Implementation 1289
44. Towards Global Defensive Security 1293
45. Defensive Security: Concepts and Policies 1300
46. Current Trends in the International Security Environment 1348
47. Africa: The Case for Disarmament 1367
48. The Substance and Main Features of Defensive Security Concepts and Policies 1446
49. Paris Summit: A Disarmament and Security Assessment 1462
50. The Moscow Summit 1484
51. Problems in the Implementation of Defensive Security Concepts and Policies 1503
52. Can Non-Offensive Defence Improve Arms Reductions? 1510
53. Mutual Inability to Launch Attacks, and Arms Reductions in Europe 1521
54. United Nation Role in Disarmament 1531
55. Agreements for Weapons Destruction 1562
56. Strategies and Measures to Promote “Defensive Security” 1574
57. Sufficient Defence and Arms Reductions 1610
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
CONVENTIONAL WARS AND WEAPON SYSTEMS MITIGATION AND
MANAGEMENT
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
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On l i ne Aw ar en ess-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on CONVENTIONAL WARS AND WEAPON SYSTEMS
MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT
CONTENTS
58. Conventional Weapons Efforts to Limit and Reduce Them (April, 1991) 1633
59. The Commission for Conventional Armaments 1653
60. Register of the Trade in Major Conventional Weapons with Industrialized and Third World Countries, 1989 1664
61. Register of Licensed Production of Major Conventional Weapons in Industrialized and Third World Countries, 1989 1705
62. Composite Table of replies of Governments for the Register of Conventional Arms: 1994 1714
63. Regulation, Limitation and Balanced Reduction of All Armed Forces and All Armaments, 1951-1958 1717
64. Strategic Arms Reduction Talks and Future Prospects 1761
65. Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (START II) 1771
66. Guidelines on Conventional Arms Control/Limitation and Disarmament, with Particular Emphasis on Consolidation of Peace in the Context of General Assembly Resolution 51/45 N 1798
67. Final Declaration of the Review Conference of the States Parties to the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the use of Certain Conventional Weapons which may be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects 1809
68. Conventional Arms Control in Europe: Objectives and Problems 1818
69. Towards an Agreement on Reducing Conventional Forces in Europe 1844
70. Prospects for Conventional Arms Control in Europe 1856
71. Documents of the Joint Extraordinary Conference of the States Parties to the CFE Treaty 1878
72. Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, and Other Related Materials 1888
73. Inter-American Convention on Transparency in Conventional Weapons Acquisitions 1903
74. Bill Presented to the U.S. Congress to Establish A Code of Conduct for U.S. Arms Transfers 1933
75. OSCE Principles Governing Conventional Arms Transfers 1939
76. Controlling Conventional Weapons in Latin America: A Treaty Proposal 1942
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NUCLEAR WARS AND WEAPONS REDUCTION FOR GLOBAL SECURITY
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on NUCLEAR WARS AND WEAPONS
REDUCTION FOR GLOBAL SECURITY
CONTENTS
77. Nuclear Weapons, Nuclear War and Global Security: Major Trends and Consequences 1965
78. The Swedish Initiative on Accidental Nuclear War 1969
79. Towards Global Security from Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear War 1993
80. Global Nuclear Issues in the Asia-Pacific Region 1998
81. Existing Nuclear Weapons: Technical Data and Statistics 2029
82. Land- and Sea-based Nuclear Weapons 2045
83. Weapons and Technology 2051
84. Trends in the Technological Development of Nuclear Weapon Systems 2065
85. Tactical Nuclear Weapons—Do They Have a Future? 2078
86. Doctrines and Strategies Concerning Nuclear Weapons 2118
87. Russian Deterrent Forces in the Post-Cold War Environment 2134
88. Development, Production and Testing of Nuclear Weapons 2166
89. Effects of the use of Nuclear Weapons and Consequences of Nuclear War 2180
90. Nuclear Weapons and International Security 2206
91. The INF Treaty: Its Origins, Content and Promise 2221
92. Nuclear Arms Limitation and Disarmament 2279
93. Towards Nuclear Arms Limitation and Global Disarmament after Reykjavik 2304
94. Official Doctrinal Positions of the Nuclear Weapon States 2345
95. The Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty 2354
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION AND WORLD PEACE
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION
AND WORLD PEACE
CONTENTS
96. Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 2367
97. The Conference of Non-Nuclear Weapon States 2418 98. The Third Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on
the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (March 1985) 2439
99. The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: Fifteen Years after Entry into Force (July, 1985) 2457
100. Some Regional Aspects of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime 2469
101. Towards the 1990 Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference 2486
102. The Fourth Review Conference of the Non-Proliferation Treaty 2501
103. NPT Safeguards Today and Tomorrow 2522
104. Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Safeguards: New Challenges 2544
105. Strengthening the NPT Regime: A CTBT and a Cut-off of Fissionable Material 2555
106. Towards a Genuine Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime 2563
107. Nuclear Non-Proliferation: The Current Context 2575
108. The Role of the Nuclear Powers 2597 109. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime: Options and Opportunities 2605
110. Strengthening the NPT and the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime 2619
111. Africa and the International Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime 2634
112. Denuclearisation in Africa: The South African Dimension 2647
113. Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Confidence-building in the Southern Cone 2658
114. The Non-Proliferation Treaty, Tlatelolco and the Regional Contribution 2678
115. Excerpts on Negative Security Assurances 2688
116. Security Council Resolution 984 (1995) 2690
117. Documents of the 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference 2693
118. The Implications of South Asia’s Nuclear Tests for the Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Regimes 2702
119. 2000 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Final Document 2717
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NUCLEAR TEST BANS AND WEAPON FREE ZONES FOR WORLD PEACE
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on NUCLEAR TEST BANS AND WEAPON FREE ZONES
FOR WORLD PEACE
CONTENTS
120. The Atomic Energy Commission 2751
121. Radiation–A Fact of Life 2766
122. Early Initiatives, 1954-1958 2774
123. Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapon Tests, 1958-1962 2791
124. The Nuclear Test Ban Treaty of 1963 2807
125. Efforts to Achieve a Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, 1964-1970 2820
126. The Partial Test-Ban Treaty: A British View 2841
127. 1963 Moscow Treaty: Achievements and Future Prospects 2879
128. Amendment Conference to the Partial Test-Ban Treaty 2921
129. Draft Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 2929
130. Conference on Disarmament: Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Model Treaty Text 2946
131. Towards a Nuclear-Test Ban (April, 1991) 3026
132. Ensuring the CTBT’s Implementation 3045
133. Nuclear Free Zones 3068
134. Establishment of Nuclear Weapons Free Zones on the Basis of Arrangements Freely Arrived at among the States of the Region Concerned 3089
135. The Treaty of Rarotonga 3097
136. The 20th Anniversary of the Treaty of Tlatelolco 3110
137. Prospects for a Nuclear Weapon free Zone in Africa 3140
138. Outline of Efforts to Establish a Nuclear Weapon Free Zone in Africa 3162
139. The African Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Treaty: The Pelindaba Text and its Provisions 3175
140. Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon Free Zone: Next Steps 3209
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPON SYSTEMS REDUCTION
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPON SYSTEMS
REDUCTION AND CONTROL FOR PEACE
CONTENTS
141. Chemical and Biological Weapons 3237
142. Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisnous or Other Gases, and the Bacteriological Methods of Warfare (1925) 3247
143. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction 3252
144. Final Declaration of the Fourth Review Conference of the Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction 3272
145. Proliferation of Weapons Systems and Disarmament Issues with Particular Reference to Prohibition of Biological, Chemical and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction 3291
146. The Paris Conference on the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons 3329
147. The Destruction, Removal or Rendering Harmless of Iraq’s Chemical Warfare Capability 3347
148. The Chemical Weapons Convention: A Great Achievement in Multilateral Disarmament 3363
149. Some Observations on the Chemical Weapons Convention 3384
150. Impact of the Chemical Weapons Convention on Disarmament from a Middle-East Perspective 3410
151. Cost of the Chemical Weapons Convention for the Developing Countries 3417
152. Chemical Weapons Convention: A Third-World Perspective 3423
153. A Latin American View of the Convention on the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons 3432
154. Chemical Weapons Convention and the Security and Development Needs of Brazil 3439
155. The Chemical Weapons Convention: An Assessment of Future Implications 3450
156. Export Warning List 3456
157. Statements of Possession or Non-possession of Chemical Weapons 3459
158. Towards the Third Biological Weapons Convention Review Conference: The Potential Threat of Biological and Toxin Weapons 3465
47
159. The Next Step: A Biological Verification Regime 3481
160. The State of the Biological Weapons Convention 3504
161. Efforts to Achieve a Comprehensive Ban on Chemical and Bacteriological (Biological) Weapons 3519
162. Environmental Hazards in General 3545
163. Environmental Destruction as a Method of Warfare 3574 164. The 1981 Inhumane Weapons Convention 3583
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
MISSILES, VERIFICATION SYSTEMS AND OUTER SPACE
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49
On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on
MISSILES, VERIFICATION SYSTEMS AND OUTER SPACE
CONTENTS
165. Ballistic Missile Proliferation: Seeking Global Solutions to Regional Problem 3593
166. Proliferation of Missile Capability 3605
167. Limited ABM: A Wrong Solution for the Real Problem 3631
168. Verification and Compliance 3657
169. International Verification System: Technical and Diplomatic Aspects 3672
170. The Role of the United Nations in the Field of Verification 3707
171. Verification Problems: The Experience of Bilateral Negotiations 3723
172. Existing Activities of the United Nations in Verification 3739
173. Multilateral Verification: Opportunities and Constraints 3760
174. Improvements in Existing Activities and Possible Additional Activities with Respect to Verification 3769
175. Outer Space and Disarmament 3815
176. International Security and Outer Space 3820
177. Space Technology—Security Related Developments 3855
178. Outer Space Existing: Use Patterns and Emerging Trends 3867
179. Outer Space: Existing Legal Framework 3887
180. Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies 3900
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
CONVENTIONAL ARMS RACE, SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
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51
On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on CONVENTIONAL ARMS RACE,
SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS
CONTENTS
181. General Assembly Resolutions and Guidelines set by the Disarmament Commission 3911
182. Towards Conventional Disarmament 3927
183. Guidelines for the Study on Conventional Disarmament 3936
184. Nature, Causes and Effects of the Conventional Arms Race 3940
185. Conventional Disarmament: Principles, Approaches and Measures 3957
186. Working Papers on Conventional Disarmament Submitted to the Disarmament Commission 3984
187. The Third Review Conference of the Sea-bed Treaty—A Panorama 3994
188. The Naval Arms Race 4001
189. The Problem of the Prevention of an Arms Race on the Sea-Bed 4011
190. The Sea-Bed Treaty and its Third Review Conference in 1989 (December) 4020
191. Defining a New Item on the Disarmament Agenda 4035
192. Joint Appeal on Small Arms, Issued at the Conclusion of the First Regional Workshop of the Panel of Governmental Experts on Small Arms, held at Pretoria from 23 to 25 September 1996 4060
193. Micro-disarmament in the Regional Context 4063
194. Statement on Small Arms, Issued at the Conclusion of the Second Regional Workshop of the Panel of Governmental Experts on Small Arms, held at San Salvador, on 16 and 17 January 1997 4078
195. Small Arms and Light Weapons 4081
196. The Scourge of Land-mines in Africa 4102
197. Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction 4111
198. Call upon Afghanistan, Issued at the Conclusion of the Third Regional Workshop of the Panel of Governmental Experts on Small Arms, held at Kathmandu on 22 and 23 May 1997 4127
199. Report of the Group of Experts on the Problem of Ammunition and Explosives (1999) 4130
200. Main Components of the Round/Cartridge of Small Arms 4159
201. Report of the Group of Governmental Experts on Small Arms/1999 (A/54/258) 4161
202. Declaration of a Moratorium on the Importation, Exportation and Manufacture of Small Arms and Light Weapons in West Africa 4196
52
ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
INTERFAITH STUDIES AND ECUMENISM
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53
On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on
On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on INTERFAITH STUDIES AND ECUMENISM
CONTENTS
1. Introduction to Interfaith Studies 1
2. Religious Beliefs and Interfaith Interactions 23
3. Ecumenism, Spiritual Reasoning, Syncretism, Universalism and Carbonari 39
4. Leading Interfaith Individuals, Societies and Literature 81
5. Interfaith, Religious Freedom and Belief Immunity 95
6. Interfaith Marriages: Related Issues, Problems and Prospects 127
7. World Religions and Secularism: Problems and Prospects 201
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
RELIGIOUS PLURALISM
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on RELIGIOUS PLURALISM
CONTENTS
8. Religion and Religious Groups: An Overview 301
9. Fideism, Comparative Religion and Families of Religion 325
10. Freedom of Religion and Religious Pluralism 345
11. Issues in Contemporary Theology and Inter-Religious Views 377
12. Ideological Dimensions of Islam and World Peace: A Case Study 477
13. World Council of Churches and Christianity: An Overview 519
14. Dialogue between Christianity and Islam: New Emerging Questions 551
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
WORLD RELIGIONS
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IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
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57
WORLD RELIGIONS
CONTENTS
15. Hinduism and Hindu Philosophy: Elements and Dimensions 581
16. Christianity: An Introductory Overview 715
17. Catholicism, Judaism and Christian–Jewish Reconciliation 767
18. Islam, Islamic Practices and New World Order 783
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
JUDAISM AND JEWISH PHILOSOPHY
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on
JUDAISM AND JEWISH PHILOSOPHY
CONTENTS
19. Judaism, Jews and Holocaust Theology 901
20. Elements of Jewish Theology and its Dimensions 975
21. Other Important Elements and Dimensions of Judaism 1067
22. Jewish Philosophy and Principles of Faith 1109
23. Jewish Eschatology, Ethics and Movements 1183
24. Anti-Semitism, Philoseminism and Criticism of Judaism 1231
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
FEATURES OF SELECTED RELIGIONS
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on
FEATURES OF SELECTED RELIGIONS
CONTENTS
25. Buddhism and Buddhist Cosmology: An Overview 1267
26. Jainism, Shintoism: Philosophy, Cosmology and Other Dimensions 1343
27. Sikhism: Religion, Philosophy, Principle and Belief System 1445
28. Confucianism: An Overview 1479
29. Zionism: Evolution and Philosophy 1495
30. Baha’i: Religion, Philosophy and Faith 1523
31. Zoroastrianism: An Overview 1537
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62
ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
INTERFAITH DIALOGUES AND GLOBAL ISSUES
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on
INTERFAITH DIALOGUES AND GLOBAL ISSUES
CONTENTS
32. Interfaith Principles and Beliefs: Special Focus on
Protestant Christianity 1565
33. World Religious Movements, Cults, Sects, Denominations and Beliefnet: An Indepth Analysis 1593
34. Interfaith Study Centres, Programmes and Declaration: Special Focus on Foods of Various Religions 1647
35. Interfaith Dialogues among Various Religions: Assessing the Institutional Support Aspects 1677
36. Other Important Interfaith Organisations, Networks, Conferences and Associations 1711
37. Global Issues and Interfaith Dialogue: An Overview 1721
38. Conflict Transformation, Global Challenges and Women Issues: Interfaith for Healing 1765
39. Cordoba Initiative, Works of Harvard University and Aspen Institute: Case Study of Select Institutions 1813
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
INTERFAITH AND GLOBAL PEACE
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on INTERFAITH AND GLOBAL PEACE
CONTENTS
40. Non-violence and Non-violent Revolution: Principles and Practices 1833
41. Major Global Guidelines on Human Rights 1857
42. Peace-Building through Interfaith Dialogues 1889
43. Faith-Base and Multifaith Actions for Building Peace: Actors, Factors, Methods and Philosophy 1937
44. Freedom to Believe, Shared Wisdom and Mutual Survival 2055
45. Model Interfaith Guidelines to Religion and Spirituality 2077
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
INTERFAITH EDUCATION
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on INTERFAITH EDUCATION
CONTENTS
46. Interfaith Education: Role of Consultation and Symposium 2097
47. Interfaith Education, Community and Justice: Perspective and Resources 2145
48. Case Study: Pluralism Project and Other Initiatives 2225
49. Notable UN Initiatives with Focus on Golden Rule Curriculum 2245
50. Case Study: Hate Violence Curriculum of Interfaith Alliance 2363
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
INTERFAITH, RELIGION AND SPIRITUALITY
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
IAEWP’s ONLINE PEACE EDUCATION, RECONSTRUCTION, ACCORD, NON-VIOLENCE AND DISARMAMENT INITIATIVE (OPERANDI)
Board of Editors Dr. Priyaranjan Trivedi Dr. Uttam Kumar Singh
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on INTERFAITH, RELIGION AND SPIRITUALITY
CONTENTS
51. Introductory Overview of Interfaith Relations and Organisations 2369
52. Case Study: Conference on Non-violent Civilian Protection and Associated Institutions 2453
53. Other Initiatives and Institutions Working on Guidelines for Better Interfaith Relations 2629
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ONLINE STUDY MATERIALS ON
GLOBAL INTERFAITH MOVEMENT
Awareness and Capsule Course offered under the aegis of Asian Chapter
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On l i ne Aw ar eness-cum-Capsu le Cou r se on GLOBAL INTERFAITH MOVEMENT
CONTENTS
54. Towards Finding Common Interfaith Ground 2693
55. Handbook Interfaith Relations, Dialogue and Tolerance 2725
56. For Dialogue among Culture and Civilisations 2755
57. Shared Wisdom and Relations with People of Other Faiths 2765
58. Case Study: Fellowship of Reconciliation and Other Notables Institutions 2809
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