Online shopping versus mall shopping

90
ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING CHAPTER -1 INTRODUCTION ABOUT ONLINE SHOPPING Online shopping (sometimes known as e-tail from "electronic retail" or e-shopping) is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. Alternative names are: e-web-store, e-shop, e-store, Internet shop, web- shop, web-store, online store, online storefront and virtual store. Mobile commerce (or m-commerce) describes purchasing from an online retailer's mobile optimized online site or app. An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-mortar retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online shopping. In the case where a business buys from another business, the process is called business-to-business (B2B) online shopping. The largest of these online retailing corporations are Alibaba, Amazon.com, and eBay. HISTORY English entrepreneur Michael Aldrich invented online shopping in 1979. His system connected a modified domestic TV to a real-time transaction processing computer via a domestic telephone line. He believed that videotex, the modified domestic TV technology with a simple menu-driven human– computer interface, was a 'new, universally applicable, participative communication medium — the first since the invention of the telephone.' This enabled 'closed' corporate REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 1

Transcript of Online shopping versus mall shopping

Page 1: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

CHAPTER -1

INTRODUCTION ABOUT ONLINE SHOPPING

Online shopping (sometimes known as e-tail from "electronic retail" or e-shopping) is a form

of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a

seller over the Internet using a web browser. Alternative names are: e-web-store, e-shop, e-

store, Internet shop, web-shop, web-store, online store, online storefront and virtual store.

Mobile commerce (or m-commerce) describes purchasing from an online retailer's mobile

optimized online site or app.

An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-

mortar retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online

shopping. In the case where a business buys from another business, the process is called

business-to-business (B2B) online shopping. The largest of these online retailing corporations

are Alibaba, Amazon.com, and eBay.

HISTORY

English entrepreneur Michael Aldrich invented online shopping in 1979. His system

connected a modified domestic TV to a real-time transaction processing computer via a

domestic telephone line. He believed that videotex, the modified domestic TV technology

with a simple menu-driven human–computer interface, was a 'new, universally applicable,

participative communication medium — the first since the invention of the telephone.' This

enabled 'closed' corporate information systems to be opened to 'outside' correspondents not

just for transaction processing but also for e-messaging and information retrieval and

dissemination, later known as e-business. His definition of the new mass communications

medium as 'participative' [interactive, many-to-many] was fundamentally different from the

traditional definitions of mass communication and mass media and a precursor to the social

networking on the Internet 25 years later.

In March 1980 he went on to launch Redifon's Office Revolution, which allowed consumers,

customers, agents, distributors, suppliers and service companies to be connected on-line to

the corporate systems and allow business transactions to be completed electronically in real-

time.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 1

Page 2: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

During the 1980s he designed, manufactured, sold, installed, maintained and supported many

online shopping systems, using videotext technology. These systems which also provided

voice response and handprint processing pre-date the Internet and the World Wide Web, the

IBM PC, and Microsoft MS-DOS, and were installed mainly in the UK by large corporations.

The first World Wide Web server and browser, created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990, opened

for commercial use in 1991. Thereafter, subsequent technological innovations emerged in

1994: online banking, the opening of an online pizza shop by Pizza Hut, Netscape's SSL v2

encryption standard for secure data transfer, and Intershop's first online shopping system. The

first secure retail transaction over the Web was either by Net Market or Internet Shopping

Network in 1994.Immediately after, Amazon.com launched its online shopping site in 1995

and eBay was also introduced in 1995. Alibaba's sites Taobao and Tmall were launched in

2003 and 2008, respectively.

Retailers are increasingly selling goods and services prior to availability through pretail for

testing, building, and managing demand.

Michael Aldrich, pioneer of online shopping in the 1980s.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 2

Page 3: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

INTERNATIONAL E-COMMERCE STATISTICS

Statistics show that in 2012, Asia-Pacific increased their international sales over 30% giving

them over $433 billion in revenue. That is a $69 billion difference between the U.S. revenue

of $364.66 billion. It is estimated that Asia-Pacific will increase by another 30% in the year

2013 putting them ahead by more than one-third of all global ecommerce sales.

The largest online shopping day in the world is Singles Day, with sales just in Alibaba's sites

at US$9.3 billion in 2014.

CUSTOMERS

Online customers must have access to the Internet and a valid method of payment in order to

complete a transaction.

Generally, higher levels of education and personal income correspond to more favorable

perceptions of shopping online. Increased exposure to technology also increases the

probability of developing favourable attitudes towards new shopping channels.

In a December 2011 study, Equation Research surveyed 1,500 online shoppers and found that

87% of tablet owners made online transactions with their tablet devices during the early

Christmas shopping season.

PRODUCT SELECTION

Consumers find a product of interest by visiting the website of the retailer directly or by

searching among alternative vendors using a shopping search engine.

Once a particular product has been found on the website of the seller, most online retailers

use shopping cart software to allow the consumer to accumulate multiple items and to adjust

quantities, like filling a physical shopping cart or basket in a conventional store. A

"checkout" process follows (continuing the physical-store analogy) in which payment and

delivery information is collected, if necessary. Some stores allow consumers to sign up for a

permanent online account so that some or all of this information only needs to be entered

once. The consumer often receives an e-mail confirmation once the transaction is complete.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 3

Page 4: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Less sophisticated stores may rely on consumers to phone or e-mail their orders (although full

credit card numbers, expiry date, and Card Security Code, or bank account and routing

number should not be accepted by e-mail, for reasons of security).

PROCESS OF ONLINE SHOPPING

A consumer uses web browser to connect to the home page of a merchant’s web site on the

internet.

PAYMENT GATEWAY

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 4

Page 5: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

METHODS OF PAYMENT

Online shoppers commonly use a credit card or a PayPal account in order to make payments.

However, some systems enable users to create accounts and pay by alternative means, such as

Credit card

Debit card

Payment websites

PayPal

Wire Transfer

Electronic money of various types

Purchase order

Checks and Money order

Mobile Payments

Bank Transfer

Cash On Delivery (COD)

Some online shops will not accept international credit cards. Some require both the

purchaser's billing and shipping address to be in the same country as the online shop's base of

operation. Other online shops allow customers from any country to send gifts anywhere.

The financial part of a transaction may be processed in real time (e.g. letting the consumer

know their credit card was declined before they log off), or may be done later as part of the

fulfilment process.

TOP TEN ONLINE SHOPPING WEBSITES

1. AMAZON

2. EBAY

3. WALMART

4. ALIBABA

5. TARGET

6. FLIPKART

7. BESTBUY

8. NEWEGG

9. OVERSTOCK

10. SHOP

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 5

Page 6: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

PRODUCT DELIVERY

Once a payment has been accepted, the goods or services can be delivered in the following

ways. For physical items:

Shipping: The product is shipped to a customer-designated address. Retail package delivery

is typically done by the public postal system or a retail courier such as FedEx, UPS, DHL, or

TNT.

Drop shipping: The order is passed to the manufacturer or third-party distributor, who then

ships the item directly to the consumer, bypassing the retailer's physical location to save time,

money, and space.

In-store pick-up: The customer selects a local store using a locator software and picks up the

delivered product at the selected location. This is the method often used in the bricks and

clicks business model.

For digital items or tickets:

Downloading/Digital distribution: The method often used for digital media products such

as software, music, movies, or images.

Printing out, provision of a code for, or e-mailing of such items as admission tickets and scrip

(e.g., gift certificates and coupons). The tickets, codes, or coupons may be redeemed at the

appropriate physical or online premises and their content reviewed to verify their eligibility

(e.g., assurances that the right of admission or use is redeemed at the correct time and place,

for the correct dollar amount, and for the correct number of uses).

SHOPPING CART SYSTEMS

Simple shopping cart systems allow the off-line administration of products and categories.

The shop is then generated as HTML files and graphics that can be uploaded to a webspace.

The systems do not use an online database. A high-end solution can be bought or rented as a

stand-alone program or as an addition to an enterprise resource planning program. It is

usually installed on the company's web server and may integrate into the existing supply

chain so that ordering, payment, delivery, accounting and warehousing can be automated to a

large extent.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 6

Page 7: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Design

Customers are attracted to online shopping not only because of high levels of convenience,

but also because of broader selections, competitive pricing, and greater access to information.

Business organizations seek to offer online shopping not only because it is of much lower

cost compared to bricks and mortar stores, but also because it offers access to a worldwide

market, increases customer value, and builds sustainable capabilities.

Information load

Designers of online shops are concerned with the effects of information load. Information

load is a product of the spatial and temporal arrangements of stimuli in the web store.

Compared with conventional retail shopping, the information environment of virtual

shopping is enhanced by providing additional product information such as comparative

products and services, as well as various alternatives and attributes of each alternative, etc.

Two major dimensions of information load are complexity and novelty. Complexity refers to

the number of different elements or features of a site, often the result of increased information

diversity. Novelty involves the unexpected, suppressed, new, or unfamiliar aspects of the site.

The novelty dimension may keep consumers exploring a shopping site, whereas the

complexity dimension may induce impulse purchases.

Consumer needs and expectations

A successful web store is not just a good looking website with dynamic technical features,

listed in many search engines. In addition to disseminating information, it is also about

building a relationship with customers and making money..

User interface

The most important factors determining whether customers return to a website are ease of use

and the presence of user-friendly features. Usability testing is important for finding problems

and improvements in a web site. Methods for evaluating usability include heuristic

evaluation, cognitive walkthrough, and user testing. Each technique has its own

characteristics and emphasizes different aspects of the user experience.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 7

Page 8: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

MARKET SHARE

E-commerce B2C product sales totaled $142.5 billion, representing about 8% of retail

product sales in the United States. The $26 billion worth of clothes sold online represented

about 13% of the domestic market, and with 72% of women looking online for apparel, it has

become one of the most popular cross-shopping categories. Forrester Research estimates that

the United States online retail industry will be worth $279 billion in 2015. The popularity of

online shopping continues to erode sales of conventional retailers. For example, Best Buy, the

largest retailer of electronics in the U.S. in August 2014 reported its tenth consecutive

quarterly dip in sales, citing an increasing shift by consumers to online shopping.

There were 242 million people shopping online in China in 2012.

For developing countries and low-income households in developed countries, adoption of e-

commerce in place of or in addition to conventional methods is limited by a lack of

affordable Internet access.

ADVANTAGES

Convenience

One of the biggest benefits of online shopping is that you can buy almost anything you

could imagine without ever leaving your house.

Selection

Online stores are able to carry more selection than traditional brick and mortar stores.

Information

Online shops tend to provide more information about items for sale than you would get in

a physical store (unless you asked a sales associate).

Price

Because online stores don’t have to pay rent for storefront in a nice part of town and tend

to sell much larger quantities of goods, they can offer to sell products for a much lower

price.

Availability

Online retailers accept orders twenty four hours a day while consumers who wish to shop

at traditional stores have to be available to visit the store during business hours.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 8

Page 9: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

DISADVANTAGES

Hands On Inseption

One thing that online stores can’t replace is the experience of actually seeing and

touching the item you are considering buying.

Shipping

Some major online retailers now offer free shipping for their products, but many require

you to meet a minimum order cost to qualify.

Wait Time

Waiting for your item to arrive is another downside of online shopping. One of the great

pleasures of shopping at a store is the instant gratification.

Privacy

When you shop online, you waive certain privacy rights to online retailer.

Many people have fear to disclose personal and private information for security.

Risky Credit card purchase

Risky credit card purchase: It is pertinent to do online shopping from a reliable and a

trusted web portal. A number of these web portals ask for payment through a credit/debit

card.

A never ending wait for the product to arrive

You enter a shop. Choose an item of your choice. Pay the bills at the counter and the item

is yours. After all of it, you walk into your house with gaiety with your possession in

hand

No bargaining

No bargaining: Online shopping does not offer us that liberty to bargain and we are bound

to buy the item in the quoted price.

Deceptive pictures

What may appear to have a matte texture in the picture may actually turn out to be quite

glossy and shiny in reality.

Lack of options

In online shopping, you do not get the same item spread out in varied forms and shape,

vying for your attention.

Makes you lazy

With the advent of a new phenomenon called online shopping, people who have an access

to the internet hardly show an inclination to venture out of their house into the open.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 9

Page 10: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Deprives you of tangibility

Online shopping makes it extremely difficult to exchange items as well, in case of

discrepancies.

Shipping costs

Shipping costs in most cases raise the price of an article and you may end up buying it at

a rate higher than the market price.

Internet does not come free of cost

Internet does not come free of cost: every time you open a page on an online shopping

portal to choose a specific item, you get charged for it.

AGGREGATION

High-volume websites, such as Yahoo!, Amazon.com, and eBay, offer hosting services for

online stores to all size retailers. These stores are presented within an integrated navigation

framework, sometimes known as virtual shopping malls or online marketplaces.

IMPACT OF REVIEWS ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

One of the great benefits of online shopping is the ability to read product reviews, written

either by experts or fellow online shoppers.

The Nielsen Company conducted a survey in March 2010 and polled more than 27,000

Internet users in 55 markets from the Asia-Pacific, Europe, Middle East, North America, and

South America to look at questions such as "How do consumers shop online?", "What do

they intend to buy?", "How do they use various online shopping web pages?", and the impact

of social media and other factors that come into play when consumers are trying to decide

how to spend their money on which product or service. According to the research, reviews on

electronics (57%) such as DVD players, cell phones, or PlayStations, and so on, review on

cars (45%), and reviews on software (37%) play an important role in influencing consumers

who tend to make purchases online. Furthermore, 40% of online shoppers indicate that they

would not even buy electronics without consulting online reviews first.

In addition to online reviews, peer recommendations on online shopping pages or social

media websites play a key role for online shoppers when they are researching future

purchases. 90% of all purchases made are influenced by social media. Each day, over two

million buyers are shopping online for jewellery.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 10

Page 11: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

SHOPPING MALL INTRODUCTION

The concept of shopping in malls in India is undergoing a dramatic change. A few years

back, people just used to visit a lot of stores for their needs, but off late every shopping mall

seems to be overflowing with people of different ages- from children to adults. With

globalization at its peak and paving a way for the international brands, people now feel that

they can get anything that they want in these shopping malls be it electronic goods, apparel

and consumer durables.

For the past few years researchers have been working to establish a relationship between

shopping in malls and the income level of people. The reason for conducting such a research

is to find out which sections of the society (lower middle class or higher middle class) do a

lot of shopping in the malls. But yet, not many people will be comfortable in sharing their

income details as it is personal. This is the area which tests the researchers, as to how they

will be able to establish a positive relationship between the two.

This study will be conducted with the aim to develop a relationship between shopping in

malls and the income level of people. The study primarily focuses on the consumers buying

behaviour in a mall. It helps us to understand the mindset of the consumers, by which we can

develop more products according to their needs. For this study the Spencer's Plaza mall will

be chosen. Primary data, which is the feedback received directly from the consumers, will be

collected and represented in statistical form. The outcome so obtained will be analyzed and

possible conclusions will be drawn.

Recently, there has been a tremendous increase in the number of shopping malls in Chennai.

The reason for the sudden upheaval of so many shopping malls can be related to globalization

taking its pace. The growth factors for the shopping malls are the conscious citizens who

prefer a sophisticated environment to shop and also with so many international brands

making its presence in India, it has created the need to establish a place which has everything

within one roof. The concept of shopping malls in India is largely gaining popularity as it

attracts customers by way of excellent ambience, style and elegance, having the potential to

make one shop and enjoy the experience as well. Spencer's Plaza, Big Bazaar, Ampa

skywalk, City Centre are the big players today. Adding to the list are the upcoming Chennai

Central, Ramee Mall etc.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 11

Page 12: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Advantages of shopping malls:

Increase in the growth of the organized retail sector.

Monumental increment in economic growth.

Employment generation by the organized retail sector.

Good competition means better products & services.

Disadvantages of shopping malls:

The companies with superior resources would muscle out the ones inferior totem.

Monopolization of the organized retail sector In India, the emergence of shopping malls

has mostly altered the lifestyle of the consumers. With the growth in income, changing

attitudes, and also the demographic patterns favour the emergence of shopping malls.

The trends to follow in the future.

The shopping malls favour a growth in the Indian organized retail sector by10% within

2010.

There would be different formats of shopping malls depending on the region.

Types of Shopping Malls

In general, you will find only regional centres, superregional centres, and fashion/specialty

centres on this Web site. Relatively few community centres were chosen, but appear here

because the center may have, at one time, been considered regional center. Only a few

theme/festival centres were listed in heavily urbanized areas, such as San Francisco, because

of their particular attractiveness or size. Finally, the new designation, lifestyle center, displays

because of their classic-mall type appearance even though they are without a classic-mall

anchor store.

Fashion/Specialty Centres

Characterized as higher end, fashion oriented centres between 80,000 and 250,000 sq. ft.

Community Centres

Characterized as having between 100,000 and 350,000 sq. ft. Usually two types of anchors,

such as a discount department store or large specialty/discount apparel store.

Lifestyle Centres

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 12

Page 13: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

A new designation that has a loose definition. Generally, it's a center that does not haven

anchor tenant in the classic sense (that is, a department store). However, lifestyle centres

increasingly have a cinema as a major tenant. Others have just a small collection of exclusive

shops.

Outlet Centres

Characterized as manufacturers' outlet centres between 50,000 and 400,000 sq. ft.

Regional Centres

Characterized as having between 400,000 and 800,000 sq. ft. usually two or more anchors

such as a conventional department store, junior department store, mass merchant, discount

department store, or fashion apparel store.

Super regional Centres

Characterized as having over 800,000 sq. ft. usually three or more anchors, such as a

conventional department store, junior department store, mass merchant, or fashion apparel

store.

Theme/Festival Centres

Characterized as tourist-oriented, retail and service centres between 80,000and 250,000sq. Ft.

Components of shopping mall

Food court

A shopping mall food court consists of food vendors offering a selection of food. At atypical

food court, food is ordered at one of the vendors and then consumed at a seating area, which

is normally a plaza surrounded by the counters of the multiple food vendors

Department stores

A department store is a retail establishment which specializes in selling a wide range of

products without a single predominant merchandise line. Department stores usually sell

products including apparel, furniture, appliances, electronics, and

Additionally select other lines of products such as paint, hardware, toiletries, cosmetics,

photographic equipment, jewellery, toys, and sporting goods. Certain department stores are

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 13

Page 14: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

further classified as discount department stores. Discount department stores commonly have

central customer checkout areas, generally in the front area of the store. Department stores

are usually part of a retail chain of many stores situated around a country or several countries.

Some of the shopping in Bangalore

 The Forum Mall

Orion Mall

The Collection – UB City

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 14

Page 15: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

CHAPTER-2

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Review of literature on online shopping

This chapter will mainly discuss on the study that are done by previous research of other

authors in the similar area of the present study. Throughout this chapter, there will be

comprehensive discussion on theoretical and practical views of previous studies done in

online shopping and offline shopping for apparels. This study combines factors that other

studies have done that will influence the consumer's purchasing decision in online and offline

stores for apparels. It includes the price attractiveness, time saving, perceived risk, enjoyment

and excitement, tangibility and high interactivity. All of these factors will contribute to the

study of customer's purchasing intention for apparels on both stores which includes online

and offline shopping. Pan, (2007) defined purchasing intention as the eagerness of purchasing

the product. Similarly, Engel, Blackwell and Miniard, (1990) defines purchasing intention as

a psychological process of decision-making. In online shopping, it is expected that shoppers

are more likely to associate price attractiveness and time saving with their intention to shop

while in offline shopping, consumers are more likely to associate tangibility, high

interactivity and enjoyment with their intention to shop. As a result, online marketers or

retailers should be aware of the problems faced by the consumers and their perceived risk to

increase their intention to shop in online. Designers must take note of consumers' needs

because the usability is the starting point to get the confidence and support of the consumers

(Alzola et. al., 2006).

Research Variables

In this part of the study, definition and citations from other authors of the dependent and

independent variables in the similar area of research will be presented here.

Purchase Intention

From the study of Pan (2007, p.5), the author cited from Engel, Blackwell and Miniard

(1990), that defines purchasing intention as a psychological process of decision-making.

According to Pan (2007), "purchasing decision process" is when the relevant information is

searched by the consumers that are motivated by the fulfillment of demands according to

personal experience and the external environment; then after accumulating a certain amount

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 15

Page 16: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

of information, they begin to evaluate and consider; and finally after comparison and

judgement, they make the decision on certain products.

Price attractiveness

Price is a form of monetary that people use for any transactions. It is predicted that price of a

product differs in online and offline shopping. According to Xia and Monroe (2009),

consumers will save in monetary when there are price promotions on specific products. In an

online context, consumers are more likely to depend on the price cues to determine the

quality of a product which are presented in the web site because they cannot see or touch the

actual product (Jiang and Rosenbloom, 2005). The study of So, Wong and Sculli (2005)

resulted that when there is the presence of promotional offers, consumers will have higher

intention to purchase in web-shopping; purchasing decisions and choice making from

alternative evaluations can be made easily when there is the presence of promotional offers.

Time saving

Time is also perceived as one of a factor that relates with intention to purchase in a shopping

context. It is believed that consumers have their own perception of time, whether or not to

shop from the internet. According to Hansen and Jensen (2009), accomplishing the shopping

trip as soon as possible refers to the time-saving oriented consumers and they prefer store

choices favouring quick shopping; people who dislike shopping and approaching for time

saving retail stores refers to the economic shoppers or known as "problem-solvers".

Perceived risk

Perceived risk is defined as consumer experiencing consequences or the amount of

uncertainty in contemplating as particular purchase decision. (Cox and Rich, 1964).

Similarly, Gronhaug, (1976); Newall, (1977); Upah, (1980) defined perceived risk as the

potential of unfavourable consequences and the level of uncertainty in a purchasing situation.

Stone and Gronhaug (1993) defined perceived risk increases psychological costs when

feelings of discomfort occur in an individual. According to Walker and Johnson (2006), they

stated that perceived risk has two main concerns. First is concerning the service delivery

system's technical performance or functional reliability; and second is concern on privacy and

security.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 16

Page 17: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Enjoyment and excitement

Excitement is defined as high level of enjoyment and stimulation that has the positive

emotional state (Russell, 1980). Excitement can also be associated as to satisfy retail

outcomes (Dawson, 1990). According to Lotz, Eastlick and Shim (1999), the emotion that

has been considered as the key experience that attracts customer to a shopping mall is

excitement. Jeong, Fiore, Niehm and Lorenz (2009, p.109) cited from (Eroglu, Machleit and

Davis, 2003; Mano and Oliver, 1993) that emotional pleasure is defined as the degree of

happiness and pleasantness and arousal as the degree of stimulation, excitement, and

alertness; therefore, dimensions of emotional pleasure and arousal may mediate consumer

experiences and web site patronage intention. Similarly, as the web site's shopping is more

enjoyable, consumers are more likely to purchase a product (Monsuwe, Delleart and Ruyter,

2004).

Tangibility

Regardless of online shopping or offline shopping, tangibility is expected to be a factor that

consumers will consider during the purchasing process. Tangibility products including shoes

and clothes; although it is considered as standardized products, consumers need to feel it and

touch it to make their purchasing decisions (Rajamma, Paswan and Ganesh, 2007).

Consumers are particular about the tangibility of a product is because they need the security

and assurance of the product purchased is in a good condition and assurance of purchasing

the right thing.

High Interactivity

Interactivity is defined as the degree to which two or more communication parties can act on

each other, on the communication medium, and on the messages and the degree to which

such influences are synchronized (Liu and Shrum, 2002, p.54). According to McMillan and

Hwang (2002), interactivity is defined as direction of communications, user control and time.

Interactivity can be applied in online and offline shopping. The terms of interactivity in an

online context is based on the detailed information given, easy-to-read or descriptive

information is available (Park and Stoel, 2005) and also the degree of communication

between the buyer and the seller. In an offline context, interactivity will be based on the

atmosphere of the shopping mall and also the interaction between the consumer and the

shop's promoter.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 17

Page 18: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Store type (Moderating variable)

In this study, store type is divided into two, which is online store and offline store. Online

stores are stores that sells product but through a virtual medium; offline shopping is also

known as bricks and mortar that sells product and has a face-to-face communication between

the buyer and seller. Bricks and mortar outlets are known as more tangible to the consumers

because it has a physical location which is a building that everyone can visit and have all the

attached sensory cues (Rajamma, et al., 2007). According to Lindstrom, (2001) which was

cited by Rajamma, Paswan and Ganesh (2007), it is easier to market the product on

traditional stores than the internet because consumers can feel and touch the product, and

they can even wear it on the spot. Bricks and mortar is also known as shopping malls because

it has a physical location where consumers can visit. Consumer's lifestyle is affected by the

role of shopping malls (Terblanche, 1999) because it can act as a community centre for public

and other recreational activities (Ng, 2003).

There are five advantages of online shopping stated by Grewal, Iyer and Lavy (2004). First,

consumers can browse through the internet for product assortment with less effort, less

inconvenience and less time involvement. Second, with the existence of online shopping,

consumers can obtain the knowledge of a product efficiently so that they can make better

purchasing decision while shopping. Third, consumers can compare product features,

availability and prices easily, effectively and efficiently than traditional shopping stores.

Fourth, consumers can be assured of anonymity when purchasing sensitive products because

internet shopping provides a level of anonymity. Fifth, consumers can do online shopping if

they perceived that traditional shopping has a high level of time and cost to invest because the

level of convenience for online shopping is higher.

However, there are also disadvantages that we can find in online shopping. Some consumers

may have high perceived risk when they shop in the internet. According to Pavlov, Liang and

Xue (2007), consumers are very concerned in online transaction because they are concern

about the uncertainty and risk. If consumers are not assured that their credit card information

is secure and protected, they will be hesitate to shop in the internet. Besides that, contact and

interactivity between the seller and buyer in an online context is also very important and it is

vital to be applied in e-shopping. When a buyer is not able to contact with the seller when

they meet problems regarding the product, they will easily become frustrated (Chiu, Chang,

Cheng and Fang, 2009).

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 18

Page 19: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Review of literature on online shopping summary

In the literature review, many authors have done their research on the customer's perceived

risk when shopping in the internet. There is few articles available which compares the factors

contributing the intention to purchase in online and offline shopping for apparels. This study

will discuss more on the factors that will contribute to the consumer's purchasing intention

for apparels which comprises of price attractiveness, time saving, perceived risk, enjoyment

and excitement, tangibility and high interactivity.

Review of literature on Shopping Malls

MERYL PAULA GARDNER in her paper “Mood States and Consumer behavioural

Critical Review” (1999) explore the mood and state of consumer while buying goods and

services are discussed along with POP and communication mix that is IMC and effects

are discussed.

Richard A Feinberg and Jennifer Meoli in their paper “Brief History of the mall”

(1999) highlights the emergence of shopping malls with the concept of shoppertainment.

Peter H. Bloch and Mr. Marsha L. Richens in their research paper “Shopping without

purchase: An investigation of consumer browsing behaviour.” (1999)Established the

importance of browsing behaviour as significant form of consumer behaviour which can

occur independently of specific purchase occasions.

Roy D. Howell and Jerry D Rogers in their research paper “Research into shopping

mall choice behaviour” (2001) explores some of the issues relevant to research into

shopping mall choice behaviour including the measurement of patronage, situational

specificity and the level of aggregation in parameter estimation.

Richard Michon , Hong Yu , M. Donna Smith and Jean Charles chebat in their

research paper “The influence of a Mall Environment on Female Fashion shoppers value

and behaviour”(2001) explores how the shopping mall environment influences the

shopping experience and approach behaviour of female shoppers.

Michel Laroche, Lefa Teng , Richard Michon and Jean Charles in their article

“incorporating service quality into consumer mall shopping decision making: a

comparison between English and French Canadian consumers” (2005) investigated the

consumers evaluations of service quality in a shopping environment mediate their

pleasure and purchase intention and consumer mall shopping decision making process is

invariant across English and French and Canadian consumers.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 19

Page 20: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Charles Dennis in his research paper “Why do people shop where they do? The attributes

of shopping centres that determine where consumers choose to shop” (2005) investigated

the fact that what determines where people shop? Why would people visit one shopping

centre rather that another.

Chandan A Chavadi and Shilpa S. Kokatnur : In their paper “Driving factors and

effectiveness of sales promotion in shopping malls:” a consumer perspective: (April2010)

investigated the factors driving customers towards shopping malls and popular consumer

promotional tools which influence buying behaviour of the customers and Concluded that

in spite of the challenges, sales promotions act as a weapon for marketing the Products

and services.

Swaroop Chandra sahoo and prakash Chandra Dash : In their paper “Consumer

Decision making styles in shopping malls – An empirical study in the Indian context”

(2010) investigated the different demographic variables affect the Decision making style

with shopping malls. Researcher identified nine decision making style which influence

the buying habits.

Rupesh Kumar Tiwari, and Anish Abraham , in their paper “ understanding the

consumer behaviour towards shopping malls in Raipur city (2010) in their research paper

explore the emergence of malls, as an important and significant destination for shopping,

recreation and socialization has turned the face of the retail industry in India. Cities of

India like Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore etc have received colossal economic and social

contributions from these malls making them one of the most prominent cities not only in

India but around the globe as well. Even, small cities like Raipur is now eye witnessing

the same phenomenon, described earlier as the “mall culture”

Rajgopal in his paper “Growing shopping malls and behaviour of urban shoppers” (2010)

this study examines the impact of growing congestion of shopping malls in urban areas on

shopping convenience and shopping behaviour. Based on the survey of urban shoppers,

the study analyses the cognitive attributes of the shoppers towards attractiveness of

shopping malls and intensity of shopping. The results of the study reveal that the

ambience of shopping malls, assortment of stores, sales promotions and comparative

economic gains in the malls attract higher customer traffic to the malls.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 20

Page 21: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

CHAPTER -3

PLAN OF STUDY

Research

According to Robert Ross, “Research is essentially an investigation, a recording and analysis

of evidence for the purpose of gaining knowledge.”

The goal of research is to discover new facts, establishment of new relationship, creation of

new concepts, and verification of existing concepts, finding a solution to a problem or

satisfying one’s desire to know.

Research design

Research Design is the conceptual structure with in which research is conducted. It

constitutes the blueprint for the collection of measurement and analysis of data. It is the

method of finding solution to a problem and adding a new knowledge to the existing body of

knowledge.

Title of the study

A study on different aspects of Online Shopping versus Mall Shopping

Objectives of the study

To obtain familiarity of the study. To determine the characteristics of sample taken from the whole population. To establish new research to contribute to program planning and evaluation.

Scope of the study

To analyze whether online shopping is more convenient way of shopping or mall shopping is considered convenient.

The study would be based upon the primary data that will be collected through the means of questionnaire by the direct approach.

Research Methodology

Research methodology explains the overarching theoretical and philosophical frameworks

which guide the researcher. It aims at the employment of the correct procedures to find out

solutions.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 21

Page 22: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Sampling

It is the subject on which measurement is taken from the whole population. It is the unit of

study. A part of the population is known as sample. The process of drawing a sample from

the larger population is called as sampling.

Sample unit: The sampling unit consist of respondents from all walks of life. Example: different age groups, sex, nationality, etc. Sample time: Sample time is the total time taken or used to find the result from the sample unit.4 weeks is the sample unit.Sample size: The number of elements include in the sample is called the sampling size.50 is the sample size.

Type of Research

It is a comparative research. It is require finding out the difference between the online

shopping and offline shopping.

Data Collection

Data collection is of two types. They are:

Primary data collection: the data collected by observation, personal interview, telephone

interview, by mailing questionnaires and survey.

Secondary data collection: The data collected by obtaining from existing records,

publications, journals, magazines, etc.

Plan of analysis

There are four division of age group in the questionnaire to examine which group is going for

more online shopping and which group is going for more offline shopping or mall shopping.

Limitation of Study

There is no guarantee in quality of products in online shopping

Limitation in physical choice.

Lack of choice in pricing in mall shopping

Waste of time in mall shopping

Toffer competitions leading to lower margin.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 22

Page 23: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

CHAPTER-4

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

PRIMARY DATA ON ONLINE SHOPPING

Online shopping ecommerce stores or websites may be the next future of shopping. this

ecommerce websites may be the reason for the closing down of the physical stores and malls.

This web world contains the lots of beautiful and incredible online shopping websites.

Various online shopping stores deals in different categories like electronics, clothes,

footwear, optical etc. today on web you can find lots of ecommerce stores sell products at

high or cheap price, so you are in lots of confusion from where to buy & when to buy. so to

remove your confusion we did research and get some great online shopping ecommerce

websites that helps you to buy a quality product at fair cost. you can also get coupons for

these online shopping sites on this websites

Here is the List of Top Ten Online Shopping Websites, take a closer look at all may be it

helps you to find the best products for you.

1. AMAZON

A world’s no 1 ecommerce store in the world. You would love to do online shopping at

amazon.com because of its easy to use interface, various easy payment methods, quick

checkout and great discounts facility. The best features of this company are affordable rates,

quick and fast delivery and large collection of all items in various categories.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 23

Page 24: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

2. EBAY

ebay.com, another popular name in online shopping websites list, on eBay you can not only

buy products, you can also sell your products. Make an online shopping store using eBay

store web application; just add your products their content, images and their description and

your eBay store is ready to rock. This feature can be profitable to buyers and sellers because a

buyer can get their wanted product at low rates and a seller can earn some cash using

ebay.com. They are also providing the best offers and deals on some occasions like cyber

Monday, black Friday, father’s day etc.

3. WALMART

Walmart malls mostly popular shopping locations in the US, now become a large popular

name in online shopping sites.

Walmart deals in electronics, home appliances, automobiles, sports, toys, fashion accessories,

gifts, crafts, pharmacy, grocery and many more categories. Walmart also offers free shipping,

discount coupons, discount on special occasions. This website is so shopping friendly & it’s

easy to use interface make this site more popular.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 24

Page 25: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

4. ALIBABA

alibaba.com, mostly used for global trading for buyers and sellers. This websites is mostly

popular in china and Asia region. The concept behind alibaba.com is making bridge between

suppliers and buyers. It gives the suppliers to sell their things at cheap cost and buyers get the

products at the best rate. There are more than two million supplier storefronts on alibaba.com.

This website also provides features like comparing between products, secure payment

gateway, quick checkout & fast home delivery of products.

5. TARGET

One of the worth shopping online site on the web. On target.com you can easily find products

related to mens, women and kids. this website provides facilities like flexible buying process,

free shipment, great discounts and best deals etc. you can done your online wedding registry

or child registration at target.com using their registry services. The best thing about

target.com is it sells all the things that you need in your daily life.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 25

Page 26: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

6. FLIPKART

Reason for flipkart.com is here because of its high rises in very low time. This site is mostly

popular in India and Asia pacific region. At first flipkart.com has started as a online book

store. After being popular it becomes the store to shop for mobiles, apparel, footwear,

lifestyle accessories, televisions, washing machines, refrigerators, laptops and mp3 players.

flipkart.com displays products with brief description, features off that products and also

useful reviews and comments of that product so these review can be helpful to other

customers to choose whether the product is buyable or not. These features make an excellent

ecommerce site like flipkart.com

7. BESTBUY

bestbuy.com, a consumer friendly store mostly deals in electronics. It always features latest

devices on electronics. This ecommerce website also offers installation and repairing services

on products. this website deals with the big brands like Samsung, Dell, HP, Sony, LG and

other brands to get the best products with affordable price. So if you want to buy electronics

products, installations and services at best rates for just go for bestbuy.com

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 26

Page 27: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

8. NEWEGG

Newegg.com another fascinating store for mobiles, tablets, laptops. It also sells the online

software’s for audio, video, games, educational software, antiviruses, digital imaging,

operating systems, programming and web development. This ecommerce website contains

more than three million products to sell and mostly popular in techfreak people & eshoppers.

9. OVERSTOCK

overstock.com, online discount retailer on web. Overstock.com contains library of products

for clothes, bedding, jewellery, furniture and cars. This website is also known as http://O.co.

this ecommerce store sells high quality products with excellent price and quickly delivery to

your address. the one main thing for overstock.com is, it is selling cars online, may be an

unique feature because few sites provides online car selling on webs.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 27

Page 28: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

10. SHOP

shop.com, a new way to shop online. it’s a shopping comparison website that let you to

compare the product, compare the product features, displays which feature is available in this

product and which is not, and it gives you a idea which product is to buy and why this

product is more great then other product. An incredible thing about shop.com is also

providing auctions on selected products, and great thing is bidding minimum amount is $1, so

if anyone don’t bid on that product you can get that product only in 1$.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 28

Page 29: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

PRIMARY DATA ON SHOPPING MALL

ORION MALL

Orion Mall is a shopping Mall at Brigade Gateway Enclave in Bangalore, Karnataka, India

developed by Brigade Group (Developer).Orion mall with a total mall area of 1.1 million sqft

is the 3rd largest mall in Bangalore.

About

Orion Mall is part of a premium integrated enclave known as Brigade Gateway which houses

World Trade Center, Sheraton Grand Hotel, Columbia Asia Hospital apart from the mall in

its premises. Orion mall has 4 floors of retail space which includes shopping zones,

multiplex, Food & Dining including lakeside cafes and bowling & gaming zones.

Entertainment & Leisure

Places for entertainment and leisure activities in the mall are,

11-screen, 2,800-seat capacity apart from 144 seat gold class screens PVR Cinemas multiplex

BluO - the 27-lane bowling centre

Time Zone an 8000 sq-ft gaming zone

Food & Dining

Food court is spread over an area of 60,000 sq-ft which is known as Sauce Pan. It houses

several food stalls few among them are Beijing bites, Empire, Fish & chips, Kailash parbat,

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 29

Page 30: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Mad over donuts, Mangalore express, McDonalds, Rajdhani, Sbarro, Subway, Sukh sagar

and Yogurberry.

Events

Orion mall hosted an automobile exhibition Fuel Auto Expo 2014 organised by Pulse events

from 7 to 9 March 2014 featuring cars and bikes from leading manufacturers, vehicle

accessories along with other events such as vintage car show and bike stunts.

In September, 2012, Indian Air Force organised an exhibition at the mall to showcase its

capabilities. It had several events part of the expo which included flight simulators, life-sized

models of aircraft, air-warriors performing drills and IAF themed arcade game.

Garuda Mall

Garuda Mall is a premier shopping mall in the city of Bangalore, India. It is situated on

Magrath Road at the heart of the central business district in Bangalore, near Brigade Road.

The mall has opened another branch in the Heritage City, Mysore near K.R. Circle.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 30

Page 31: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Site and built-up area

The Garuda mall is spread out over 126,000 square meters and includes 30,000 square meters

of shopping and entertainment space on six floors and 180 stores.

Mall facilities

Retail stores

Entertainment/activity centers

Multiplex cinemas (Inox)

Multi-storey parking

Food court

Multi-cuisine restaurants

Stores

Art and Photography: Presto Kiosk

Books and Stationary: William Penn

Children: Shoppers Stop, Westside, Archies Gallery and Mother care

Department Stores: Shoppers Stop, Westside

Fashion and Accessories: Forever 21, Aldo, Promod, Call it spring, Sunglass hut, Ray

ban, Arrow, Mango, Allen Solly, Van Heusen, Louis Phillipe, Jashan, Soch, Allen Solly

Women, Mustard, Levi's, Accessorize, LP Premium, Baggit, , Mint, Exclusive Demoza

Kiosk at 2nd floor.

Fashion Lingerie: Enamor, Forever New

Footwear: Reebok, Adidas originals, Nike, Soles, Puma

Gold and Jewellery: Sia Art, Dev's

Health and Beauty: Sand, Health and Glow, Inglot, Color bar

Home Furnishings: Fab India, Pure home and living

Mobiles and Accessories: Imagine, Capdase, Jumbo

Specialty Stores: The Body Shop, Zimson, Just watches, Swarovski, Hide sign, Timex,

Exclusive Casio Kiosk 1st

Miscellaneous: Samsonite,See & Take

ATM and Finance: Citibank, HSBC,

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 31

Page 32: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Controversies

The mall has come under criticism for its safety measures as the lift in the mall had crashed in

2005 and, in a separate incident, a boy had died of fall from a higher floor in 2007.

Garuda Mall is built on the land owned by Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP),

and the two parties have a history of conflicts over profit sharing. The BBMP and Garuda

Mall have a memorandum of agreement on a 48%-52% basis.

In January 2011, the BBMP Standing Committee (Markets) decided to carry out a surprise

inspection of the mall. According to the Committee chairman and Basaveshwaranagar Ward

S corporator SH Padmaraj, they had received complaints of "building deviation by the mall-

owner". Padmaraj alleged that the mall was cheating BBMP while housing more than 80

shops on a single floor, while paying a monthly rent of 3.5 million to the BBMP for only₹

80 shops. He also alleged that the mall had encroached upon a stormwater drain and had

converted a parking lot into a food court, violating the agreement. The mall's majority owner

Uday Garudachar claimed that the committee members had no right to conduct an inspection

without his permission. He also alleged that the inspection was carried out because he had

refused the corporators' demand for a bribe.

THE FORUM (SHOPPING MALL)

The Forum is a shopping mall located on Hour Road in Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka,

India developed by Prestige Group.

Forum Mall, Koramangala

Landmark Bookstore inside The Forum

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 32

Page 33: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Inside The Forum

The Forum was Bangalore's first full-fledged mall with a multi-storey book store, 12 cinema

halls and other entertainment facilities. The mall is an attraction for tourists. The shopping

mall houses 72,000 m2 (780,000 sq ft) of shops over five levels. A major attraction at the

mall is the multiplex, PVR.

Entertainment & Leisure

Retail Shops over 5 floors

PVR Cinemas - 2,100 seating capacity, 11 screen multiplex

The Transit Lounge Food court houses the first McDonald's in South India, along with

several other food and beverage outlets.

Accidents and incidents

On January 26, 2009, a minor electrical fire broke out at Transit, the food court at the mall

which however was quickly contained and nobody was injured during this incident.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 33

Page 34: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

SECONDARY DATA ON ONLINE SHOPPING

Online shopping (sometimes known as e-tail from "electronic retail" or e-shopping) is a form

of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a

seller over the Internet using a web browser. Alternative names are: e-web-store, e-shop, e-

store, Internet shop, web-shop, web-store, online store, online storefront and virtual store.

Mobile commerce (or m-commerce) describes purchasing from an online retailer's mobile

optimized online site or app.

An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-

mortar retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online

shopping. In the case where a business buys from another business, the process is called

business-to-business (B2B) online shopping. The largest of these online retailing corporations

are Alibaba, Amazon.com, and eBay.

International e-commerce statistics

Customers

Product selection

Payment

Product delivery

Shopping cart systems

Design

o Information load

o Consumer needs and expectations

o User interface

Market share

Advantages

o Convenience

o Information and reviews

o Price and selection

Disadvantageso Fraud and security concernso Lack of full cost disclosureo Privacy

Product suitability

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 34

Page 35: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Aggregation

SECONDARY DATA ON SHOPPING MALL

Essential Steps to follow if you are planning to build a Shopping Mall

Land: Location, Location, Location is everything!

Make sure the land is easy accessible, ideally on the main road

Is not too far away from the nearby city

Has enough “own” parking facility

Does not create traffic congestion

Market

Customer Segment

‘Something Different” Factor

Case Studies

Research

Finalize your idea of the Mall

Branding your mall

Operation & HR Expenses

IT & Technology Plan

Investors

Financial Plan

Rework the business model

Selecting the architect

Start Branding Early

Hunt for right tenants

Professional management

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 35

Page 36: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Analysis of the data:

1. Gender

TABLE: 1

TABLE SHOWING THE GENDER DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE

Gender Samples PercentageMale 28 56%

Female 22 44%

Total 50 100%

Analysis

Out of 50 samples 28 are males and 22 are females.

Graph: 1

56%

44%

Gender

MaleFemale

Interpretation: The above graph represents genders of samples. Males represent 56%

of samples. Females represent 44% of samples.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 36

Page 37: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

2. Have you ever used online shopping?

Table: 2

Particulars Samples Percentage

Yes 33 66%

No 17 34%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

33 people are familiar with online shopping.

17 people are not familiar with online shopping.

Graph: 2

66%

34%

Used online shopping

YesNo

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people are familiar with

online shopping and few are not.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 37

Page 38: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

3. How often do you have online shopping?

Table: 3

Particulars Samples PercentageTwice a week or above 19 38%

Weekly 20 40%Once per two weeks 5 10%

Monthly 5 10% Occasionally 1 2%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

19 people use online shopping twice a week or above.

20 people use online shopping weekly.

5 people use online shopping once per week.

5 people use online shopping monthly.

1 people use online shopping occasionally

Graph: 3

38%

40%

10%10%

2%

People often use online shopping

Twice a week or above Weekly Once per two weeks MonthlyOccasionally

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people are interested in going

for online shipping twice a week or above and weekly and 5 people uses monthly.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 38

Page 39: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

.

4. People shopping per month in online shopping.

Table: 4

Particulars Samples Percentage

Below Rs.999 16 32%

RS.1000 - RS.4999 15 30%

RS.5000 - RS.9999 12 24%

RS.10000 or above 7 14%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

16 People shopping per month in online. 15 People shopping per month in online. 12 People shopping per month in online. 7 People shopping per month in online.

Graph: 4

32%

30%

24%

14%

People shopping per month in online shopping.

Below Rs.999RS.1000 - RS.4999 RS.5000 - RS.9999 RS.10000 or above

Interpretation: The above graph represents that the people most likely to spend between RS.1000-5000 per month.

5. Price of goods (Rating) in online shopping.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 39

Page 40: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Table: 5

Particulars Samples Percentage

1 star 5 10%

2 star 4 8%

3 star 5 10%

4 star 26 52%

5 star 10 20%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

5 people given 1 star for pricing of goods in online shopping. 4 people given 2 stars for pricing of goods in online shopping. 5 people given 3 stars for pricing of goods in online shopping. 26 people given 4 stars for pricing of goods in online shopping. 10 people given 5 stars for pricing of goods in online shopping.

Graph: 5

10% 8%

10%

52%

20%

Price of goods (Rating)

1 Star2 Star3 Star4 Star5 Star

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people given 4 star and 5 star that represents people are interested in online shopping.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 40

Page 41: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

6. Quality of goods (Rating) in online shopping.

Table: 6

Particulars Samples Percentage

1 star 6 12%

2 star 6 12%

3 star 13 26%

4 star 10 20%

5 star 15 30%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

6 people given 1 star for quality goods in online shopping 6 people given 2 stars for quality goods in online shopping 13 people given 3 stars for quality goods in online shopping 10 people given 4 stars for quality goods in online shopping 15 people given 5 stars for quality goods in online shopping

Graph: 6

12%

12%

26%20%

30%

Quality of goods (Rating)

1 Star2 Star3 Star4 Star5 Star

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people give 3 star, 4 star,5 star that means the quality of the products can be improved for the customer satisfaction.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 41

Page 42: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

7. Variety of goods (Rating) in online shopping.

Table: 7

Particulars Samples Percentage

1 star 5 10%

2 star 4 8%

3 star 5 10%

4 star 26 52%

5 star 10 20%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

5 people given 1 star for variety goods in online shopping. 4 people given 2 stars for variety goods in online shopping. 5 people given 3 stars for variety goods in online shopping. 24 people given 4 stars for variety goods in online shopping. 6 people given 5 stars for variety goods in online shopping.

Graph: 7

10% 8%

10%

52%

20%

Variety of goods (Rating)

1 Star2 Star3 Star4 Star5 Star

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people given 4star rating so the variety of goods is pretty good and can be improved in online shopping.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 42

Page 43: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

8. Design of the website (Rating) in online shopping.

Table: 8

Particulars Samples Percentage

1 star 5 10%

2 star 6 12%

3 star 7 14%

4 star 10 20%

5 star 22 44%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

5 people given 1 star rating for design of website in online shopping. 6 people given 2 star rating for design of website in online shopping. 7 people given 3 star rating for design of website in online shopping. 10 people given 4 star rating for design of website in online shopping. 22 people given 5 star rating for design of website in online shopping.

Graph: 8

10% 12%

14%

20%

44%

Design of the website (Rating)

1 Star2 Star3 Star4 Star5 Star

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people given 5star rating for the website designing in online shopping.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 43

Page 44: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

9. Payment method (Rating) in online shopping.

Table: 9

Particulars Samples Percentage

1 star 8 13%

2 star 7 12%

3 star 15 25%

4 star 16 27%

5 star 14 23%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

8 people given 1 star rating for payment method in online shopping. 7 people given 2 star rating for payment method in online shopping. 15 people given 3 star rating for payment method in online shopping. 16 people given 4 star rating for payment method in online shopping. 14 people given 5 star rating for payment method in online shopping.

Graph: 9

13%

12%

25%27%

23%

Payment method (Rating)

1 Star2 Star3 Star4 Star5 Star

Interpretation: The above graph represents that people believe that the payment transactions can be more secure in online shopping.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 44

Page 45: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

10. Advantage(s) of online shopping.

Table: 10

Particulars Samples Percentage

Having comparison shopping 15 30%

Getting latest product information 12 24%

Time-saving 10 20%

Money-saving 5 10%

24-hour accessibility 8 16%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

15 people feel useful in having comparison shopping. 12 people feel useful in getting latest product information. 10 people feel useful in time saving. 5 people feel useful in money saving. 8 people feel useful in any time accessibility.

Graph: 10

30%

24%20%

10%

16%

Advantage(s) of online shopping

Having comparison shopping Getting latest product information Time-saving Money-saving 24-hour accessibility

Interpretation: The above graph represents that people are more attracted to discounts and for saving time and availability of various brands as advantages in online shopping.

11. People recommending others to use online shopping.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 45

Page 46: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Table: 11

Particulars Samples Percentage

Yes 41 82%

No 9 18%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

41 People recommending others to use online shopping. 9 People recommending others to use online shopping.

Graph: 11

82%

18%

Recommend others to use online shopping

YesNo

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people are interested in recommending online shopping to others and few are not interested in recommending to others.

12. Reasons for People never going for online shopping before.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 46

Page 47: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Table: 12

Particulars Samples Percentage Not familiar with online shopping 12 24%

Worry on payment security 15 30%

Worry on personal privacy 10 20%

Worry on product quality 13 26%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

12 not familiar with online shopping. 15 worry on payment security. 10 worry on personal privacy. 13 worry on product quality.

Graph: 12

24%

30%20%

26%

Online shopping before

Not familiar with online shopping Worry on payment security Worry on personal privacy Worry on product quality

Interpretation: The above graph represents that people are worried on personal privacy, payment security, and product quality in online shopping so that made these people not going for online shopping.

13. Frequency of visits to shopping malls.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 47

Page 48: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Table: 13

Particulars Samples Percentage Yes, often 28 56%

Yes, but only if need arises 15 30%

No 7 14%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

28 people said yes for often visiting shopping malls. 15 people said yes only if needs arises visiting shopping malls. 7 people said no for visiting shopping mall.

Graph: 13

56%30%

14%

Visit shopping malls

Yes, often Yes, but only if need arises No

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people are interested in going for shopping malls for shopping and very few are not interested in going to shopping malls.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 48

Page 49: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

14. People often visiting Shopping Malls.

Table: 14

Particulars Samples PercentageMore than once in week 5 10%

4-5 times in a month 6 12%

Once in a month 7 14%

Rarely 22 44%

It’s been long when i last visit a mall

10 20%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

5 people visits shopping mall for more than once in week. 6 people visits shopping mall for 4-5 times in a month. 7 people visits shopping mall for once in a month. 22 people visits shopping mall for rarely 10 people visits shopping mall for long periods.

Graph: 14

10% 12%

14%

44%

20%

Often Visit malls

More than once in week 4-5 times in a month Once in a month RarelyIt’s been long when i last visit a mall

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people go for shopping malls rarely.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 49

Page 50: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

15. General purpose for visiting shopping malls.

Table: 15

Particulars Samples Percentage

I love Window shopping 8 16%

Entertainment/recreational facilities-amusement parks, bowling, skating etc

7 14%

Eat food, drink and stuff like that 10 20%

To hang out with friends and have a quality time

5 10%

Simply shopping 20 40%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

8people love window shopping. 7people goes for entertainment. 10 people like Eat food, drink and stuff like that 5 people goes to hang out with friends and have a quality time 20people for simply shopping.

Graph: 15

16%

14%

20%10%

40%

General purpose of visit to shopping malls

I love Window shopping

Entertainment/recreational facilities-amusement parks, bowling, skating etc

Eat food, drink and stuff like that

To hang out with friends and have a quality time

Simply shopping

Interpretation: The above graph represents that people goes for shopping malls for shopping, entertainment and to hang out with friends.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 50

Page 51: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

16. Kind of products or services normally purchased in shopping malls.

Table: 16

Particulars Samples Percentage Cafe/lounge 5 10%

Consumer goods/ Everyday basic need good

4 8%

Accessories 6 12%

Clothes & Foot wears 11 22%

Electronic Goods (TV, AC, etc.)

24 48%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

5 people go for Cafe/lounge 4 people go for Consumer goods/ Everyday basic need good 6 people go for Accessories 11people goes for shopping clothes and footware. 24 people goes for shoppig electronic gadgets.

Graph: 16

10% 8%

12%

22%

48%

Products or services normally purchase in shopping malls

Cafe/lounge Consumer goods/ Everyday basic need good Accessories Clothes & Foot wears Electronic Goods (TV, AC, etc.)

Interpretation: The above graph represents that people mostly goes to buy clothes, footwear and electronic gadgets in shopping malls.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 51

Page 52: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

17. Services that attracts to visit the mall of your choice.

Table: 17

Particulars Samples Percentage

Service Quality and support services

10 20%

Air-conditioning & Soothing Background music

2 4%

World Class Brands & services 10 20%

Popularity among peers and acquaintances

13 26%

Distance from my home 15 30%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

10people likes the sevice provided. 15people likes to goes out for sometime. 10people likes world class brands available.

Graph: 17

20%

4%

20%26%

30%

Attracts to visit the mall

Service Quality and support services Air conditioning & Soothing Background music World Class Brands & services Popularity among peers and ac-quaintances Distance from my home

Interpretation: The above graph represents that people are interest in going out for some time and for good services available in shopping mall.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 52

Page 53: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

18. People visiting various Shopping malls often.

Table: 18

Particulars Samples Percentage

The Forum Shopping Mall 28 48%

The Garuda Mall 10 17%

UB City Mall 8 14%

Esteem Mall 5 9%

Mantri Square Mall 7 12%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

28people are interested to go for The Forum mall. 10people are interested in going for Garuda mall. 8 people are interested to go for UB City Mall 5 people are interested to go for Esteem Mall 7 people are interested to go for Mantri Square Mall

Graph: 18

48%

17%

14%

9% 12%

Shopping malls often

The Forum Shopping MallThe Garuda MallUB City Mall Esteem Mall Mantri Square Mall

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people are interested in going to The Forum mall and Garuda mall for shopping.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 53

Page 54: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

19. Perceiving preferred brand of Mall.

Table: 19

Particulars Samples Percentage

High standards, Low priced brands

12 24%

High standards, highly priced brands

24 48%

Low standards, High priced brands

6 12%

Low standards, Low priced brands

8 16%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

12people found high standards, low priced brands 24 people found high standards, highly priced brands. 6 people found Low standards, High priced brands 8 people found Low standards, Low priced brands

Graph: 19

24%

48%

12%

16%

Preferred brand of mall

High standards, Low priced brands High standards, highly priced brands Low standards, High priced brands Low standards, Low priced brands

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people found high standards, highly priced brands in shopping malls.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 54

Page 55: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

20. Visiting to shopping mall with.

Table: 20

Particulars Samples PercentageOn my own 2 4%

With my partner 18 36%

With a friend 6 12%

With friends 4 8%

With family 20 40%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

18 people are interested going wiht partners. 20 people are interest going with family.

Graph: 20

4%

36%

12%8%

40%

Best describe shopping party

On my own With my partner With a friend With a friends With family

Interpretation: The above graph represents that people are interested going with their partners and with family to shopping malls and very few likes going single.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 55

Page 56: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

21. Time spending in the shopping centre.

Table: 21

Particulars Samples Percentage

A few minutes 13 26%

Half an hour 11 22%

One hour 10 20%

A few hours 15 30%

A day 1 2%

Total 50 100%

Analysis:

13 people are interested staying for few minutes. 11 people like staying for half an hour. 15 people like staying for a few hours.

Graph: 21

26%

22%20%

30%

2%

To spend in shopping centre

A few minutes Half an hour One hour A few hours A day

Interpretation: The above graph represents that most of the people like staying a few hours in shopping malls.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 56

Page 57: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

CHAPTER-5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

Findings on online shopping

Among the top findings of the survey, as put forth by Online Shopping, are the following:

Convenience was listed as the top reason for shopping online by 74% of the respondents,

and at the same level were purchase goods in online. This is good news for e-tailers, as

the value proposition for online shopping is clear in the minds of shoppers.

27% of our respondents said they aren’t purchase of their goods online. We believe this

bodes well for e-tailers as online shopping is gaining acceptance.

95% of respondents look for products information and service information before

purchasing.

Conclusion on online shopping

After having detail study on Online Shopping one can see a great change in the behaviour of

people in many manners like their attitude, buying pattern. In earlier times people use to do

manual shopping but now as time changed people are becoming busy and due to which

technology has brought a new revolution i.e. Online Shopping.

As we started doing survey it came to in notice that young age group people i.e. 15-30 uses or

prefer online shopping because it is time and energy saving. But middle-age group does not

prefer much because they have wrong perception that by seeing the product one can get the

goods of proper quality. And even some people does not prefer using plastic money i.e. credit

cards.

But online shopping has a great future but to be successful it is necessary to spread awareness

about its benefit.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 57

Page 58: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

Findings on shopping mall

45% of respondents look for not to waste of their time.

Reason for shopping mall by 44% of the respondents, and at the same level was purchase

goods in online. This is good news for e-tailers, as the value proposition for online

shopping is clear in the minds of shoppers.

56% of our respondents said they were purchase of their goods in shopping malls. We

believe this bodes well for as shopping is gaining acceptance.

55% of respondents look for product checking and service information before purchasing.

Conclusion on shopping mall

Comparative study of consumers buying behaviour in retail mall—important factor for

marketing of goods.

Suggests how individual, groups and organization select, buy, use and dispose of goods,

services and ideas or experience to satisfy their needs and wants. It also clues for improving

or introducing products or services, setting price, devising channels etc.

Helped realize the class difference through the comparative study.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 58

Page 59: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

CHAPTER-6

RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

Recommendation on online shopping

They should provide complete information about their products and should make site simple

so that common people can understand how to make purchase - As in online one purchase

goods through credit cards but one can use the approach of cash payment during delivery -

One can use more animation through which they can attract more customers - One can use

the approach of credit points i.e. if one purchase for the first time they get credit points due to

which if they purchase for the second time they can get discount of that much points. Due to

which one increase the repurchase.

Suggestions on online shopping

Security for consumer’s personal details.

More details about the latest products and service information

Web site design can easy to understand for consumer.

No minimum purchase for free Shipping.Decrease the shipping misplacement.More offers for consumers.Delivery of goods has to deliver within 36 hours.

Recommendation on shopping mall

One can use more animation through which they can attract more customers.They should provide complete information about their products and should make mall simple so that common people can understand how to make purchase. As in shopping mall purchase of goods through credit cards but one can use the approach of cash payment during delivery One can use the approach of credit points i.e. if one purchase for the first time they get credit points due to which if they purchase for the second time they can get discount of that much points. Due to which one increase the repurchase.

Suggestions on shopping mall

More products and services information for consumers.Free parking for consumers vehicles.Events for festivals.Proper emergency exit for people.Lotteries for who comes to shopping mall regularly.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 59

Page 60: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

CHAPTER-7

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The main goal of my internship was to acquire practical knowledge of the technical and

conceptual related to a comprehensive shopping mall environment.

My expectations were that the internship would provide me with a broad foundation in the

analytical and practical aspects of shopping mall, electronic cataloging and presentation of

collection on the Internet.

After talking with supervisor, we agreed that I will get involved with some of the activities

connected with the online shopping mall versus shopping mall project, but that the majority

of my internship would be spent on editing records.

Therefore, my internship had two mayor learning outcomes:

Research and imagining of online shopping mall versus shopping mall selected for

Specific assignments involved:

Preparing the records for public access.

Because I could not change my travel arrangement for the summer, I did my internship in two

weeks in June. That proved to be very fortunate; because very soon it transpired that my lack

of knowledge online shopping mall versus shopping mall can result in some major factual

mistakes. In order to complete this internship with a minimum of professional competency, it

was necessary to make myself familiar with basic terms and techniques.

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 60

Page 61: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

ANNEXURE

Please read each question and indicate your response by selecting the most appropriate choice.

1. Have you ever used online shopping?A. Yes ( )B. No ( )

2. How often do you have online shopping?

A. Twice a week or above ( )B. Weekly ( )C. Once per two weeks ( )D. Monthly ( )E. Occasionally ( )

3. How much do you usually spend on online shopping per month?

A. Below RS.999 ( )B. RS.1000 - RS.4999 ( )C. RS.5000 - RS.9999 ( )D. RS.10000 or above ( )

4. Price of goods (Rating)A. 1 ( )B. 2 ( )C. 3 ( )D. 4 ( ) E. 5 ( )

5. Quality of goods (Rating)A. 1 ( )B. 2 ( )C. 3 ( )D. 4 ( ) E. 5 ( )

6. Variety of goods (Rating)A. 1 ( )B. 2 ( )C. 3 ( )D. 4 ( ) E. 5 ( )

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 61

Page 62: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

7. Design of the website (Rating)A. 1 ( )B. 2 ( )C. 3 ( )D. 4 ( ) E. 5 ( )

8. Payment method (Rating)A. 1 ( )B. 2 ( )C. 3 ( )D. 4 ( ) E. 5 ( )

9. Which are the advantage(s) of online shopping?

A .Having comparison shopping ( )B .Wide variety of brand choices ( )C. Getting latest product information ( )D. Time-saving ( ) E. Money-saving ( ) F. 24-hour accessibility ( )

10. Will you recommend others to use online shopping?

A. Yes ( )B. No ( )

11. Why do you never have online shopping before?

A. Not familiar with online shopping ( )B. Worry on payment security ( )C. Worry on personal privacy ( )D. Worry on product quality ( ) E. Too complicated procedures ( ) F. Expensive shipment fees ( )

12. Do you visit shopping malls?

A. Yes, often ( )

B. Yes, but only if need arises ( )

C. No ( )

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 62

Page 63: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

13. How often do you visit malls?

A. More than once in week ( )

B. 4-5 times in a month ( )

C. Once in a month ( )

D. Rarely ( )

E. It’s been long when i last visit a mall ( )

14. What is the general purpose of your visit to shopping malls?

A. I love Window shopping ( )

B. Entertainment/recreational facilities-amusement parks, bowling, skating etc. ( )

C. Eat food, drink and stuff like that ( )

D. To hang out with friends and have a quality time ( )

E. Simply shopping ( )

15. What kind of products or services do you normally purchase in shopping malls?

A. Body care services (spa, saloon, and beauty parlours) ( ) B. Cafe/lounge ( ) C. Consumer goods/ Everyday basic need goods ( ) D. Accessories (hand bags, belts, junk jewellery etc.) ( ) E. Clothes & Foot wears ( ) F. Electronic Goods (TV, AC, etc.) ( )

16. What tempts you to visit the mall of your choice (selected above) often?

A. Service Quality and support services ( )B. Illuminated walkways and Lighting effects ( )C. Air conditioning & Soothing Background music ( )D. World Class Brands & services ( ) E. Popularity among peers and acquaintances ( )F. Distance from my home ( )

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 63

Page 64: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

17. Which shopping mall do you visit often?

A. The Forum Shopping Mall ( ) B. The Garuda Mall ( ) C. Esteem Mall ( ) D. UB City Mall ( )E. Mantri Square Mall ( )

18. How do you perceive your preferred brand of mall?

A. High standards, highly priced brands ( )B. High standards, Low priced brands ( )C. Low standards, High priced brands ( )D. Low standards, Low priced brands ( )

19. How would you best describe your shopping party?

A. On my own ( )B. With my partner ( )C. With a friend ( )D. With friends ( ) E. With family ( )

20. How much time would you like to spend in this shopping centre?

A. A few hours ( ) B. One hour ( ) C. Half an hour ( ) D. A few minutes ( ) E. A day ( ) F. None ( )

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 64

Page 65: Online shopping versus mall shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING VERSUS MALL SHOPPING

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books

The E-Myth by Michael E. Gerber.Digital Bacon by Alex Rodriguez.The 100 dollar Start-up by Chris Guillebeau

Journals

MERYL PAULA GARDNER “Mood States and Consumer behavioural Critical Review”.

Michael J. Thomas “Consumer Market research.

Richard A Feinberg and Jennifer Meoli “ Brief History of the mall”

Websites

GoogleWikipediaSlide Share

REVA UNIVERSITY BANGALORE Page 65