1

Adoration, adore

Adorare, a adora Hayranlık, tapıyorum

1. The act of playing honor to a divine being; the

worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god.

2. Homage paid to one in high esteem; profound

veneration; intense regard and love; fervent devotion.

3. A method of electing a pope by the expression of

homag from two thirds of the conclave.

Altruism

Altruism Fedakarlık

1. Regard for others, both natural and moral; devotion

to the

interests of others; brotherly kindness; - opposed to

egoism or selfishness.

2. The quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of

others .

2

Benevolence

Bunăvoinţă

Yardımseverlik

1. The disposition to do good; good will;

charitableness;love of mankind, accompanied

with a desire to promote their happiness.

2. An act of kindness; good done; charity given.

3. A species of compulsory contribution or tax,

which has sometimes been illegally exacted by

arbitrary kings of England, and falsely

represented as a gratuity.

Caring, lovingness

Ingrijire Sevecen,

To be anxious or solicitous; to be concerned; to have

regard or interest; -- sometimes followed by an

objective of measure.

To care for.

(a) To have under watchful attention; to take care

of.

(b) To have regard or affection for; to like or

love.

3

Charity

Caritate Sadaka

Liberality in judging of men and their

actions; a disposition which inclines men to

put the best construction on the words and

actions of others.

1: a foundation created to promote the

public good (not for assistance to any

particular individuals)

2: a kindly and lenient attitude toward

people

3: an activity or gift that benefits the public at large

4: pinnate-leaved European perennial having bright blue or white flowers

5: an institution set up to provide help to the needy.

Compromise

Compromis Uzlaşma

1. To agree; to accord.

2. To make concession for conciliation and

peace.

a middle way between two extremes

an accommodation in which both sides

make concessions; "the newly elected

congressmen rejected a compromise because they considered it `business as usual'"

make a compromise; arrive at a compromise; "nobody will get everything he wants;

we all must compromise

settle by concession

expose or make liable to danger, suspicion, or disrepute;

4

Concession

Concesiune Imtiyaz

1. The act of conceding or yielding; usually implying a demand, claim, or request, and

thus distinguished from giving, which is voluntary

or spontaneous.

2. A thing yielded; an acknowledgment or

admission; a boon; a grant; esp. a grant by

government of a privilege or right to do

something; as, a concession to build a canal.

- a contract granting the right to operate a

subsidiary business; "he got the beer

concession at the ball park"

- the act of conceding or yielding

- a point conceded or yielded; "they won all the

concessions they asked for.

Conciliation

Conciliere ,împăcare Uzlaştırma

1: the state of manifesting goodwill and

cooperation after being reconciled; "there was a brief

period of conciliation but the fighting soon resumed"

2: any of various forms of mediation whereby

disputes may be settled short of arbitration

3: the act of placating and overcoming distrust

and animosity.

5

Conflict

Conflict Çatışma

1: an open clash between two opposing groups (or

individuals);

2: opposition between two simultaneous but

incompatible

feelings;

3: a hostile

meeting of

opposing military forces in the course of a war;

4: a state of opposition between persons or

ideas or interests;

5: an incompatibility of dates or events; "he

noticed a conflict in the dates of the two

meetings"

6: opposition in a work of drama or fiction

between characters or forces (especially an

opposition that motivates the development of the

plot);

7: a disagreement or argument about something important;

Credence

Credinţă Itimat

1. Reliance of the mind on evidence of facts derived

from other sources than personal knowledge; belief;

credit; confidence.

2. That which gives a claim to credit, belief, or confidence; as, a letter of credence.

The mental attitude that something is believable and should be accepted as true;

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Devotedness, devotion

Dăruire, devotament Devotedness, özveri

Feelings of ardent love; "their devotion to each other was beautiful".

1. Feeling or displaying strong

affection or attachment;

ardent: a devoted friend.

2. Having been consecrated;

dedicated.

3. Ardent, often selfless affection

and dedication, as to a person

or principle

4. Religious ardor or zeal; piety.

5. devotions Prayers or religious

texts: a book of devotions.

6. 4. The act of devoting or the

state of being devoted.

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Diplomacy

Diplomaţie Diplomasi

Generally, diplomacy refers to the interaction

between two or more nationstates.

Traditionally carried out by government officials,

who negotiate treaties, trade policies, and other

international agreements, the term has been

extended to include unofficial exchanges of

private citizens.

1. The art and practice of conducting

negotiations between nations (particularly in

securing treaties), including the methods and

forms usually employed.

2. Dexterity or skill in securing advantages;

tact.

3. The body of ministers or envoys resident at a court; the diplomatic body.

Disarmament

Dezarmare Silâhsızlanma

Act of reducing or depriving of arms .

Action of preventing the spread of nuclear, chemical,

biological weapons or small arms and of retrieving

weapons after a conflict, including disarming and

demobilizing former combatants and helping them to

reintegrate into civil society.

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Emotion

Emoţie Duygu

A moving of the mind or soul; excitement

of the feelings, whether pleasing or painful;

disturbance or agitation of mind caused by a

specific exciting cause and manifested by some

sensible effect on the body.

Usage: Feeling is the weaker term, and may be

of the body or the mind.

Emotion is of the mind alone, being the

excited action of some inward susceptibility or feeling; as, an emotion of pity, terror,

etc. Agitation may be bodily or mental, and usually arises in the latter case from a

vehement struggle between contending desires

or emotions. "Agitations have but one

character, viz., that of violence; emotions vary

with the objects that awaken them. There are

emotions either of tenderness or anger, either

gentle or strong, either painful or pleasing."

1. A mental state that arises spontaneously

rather than through conscious effort and is

often accompanied by physiological changes;

a feeling: the emotions of joy, sorrow,

reverence, hate, and love.

2. A state of mental agitation or disturbance:

spoke unsteadily in a voice that betrayed his

emotion,

3. The part of the consciousness that involves

feeling; sensibility: "The very essence of

literature is the war between emotion and

intellect" (Isaac Bashevis Singer).

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Endurance

Rezistenţă Dayanıklılık

Endurance (also called Sufferance, Stamina,

Resilience, or Durability) is the ability of an

organism to exert itself and remain active for a long

period of time, as well as its ability to resist, withstand,

recover from, and have immunity to wounds, or fatigue.

In humans, it is usually used in aerobic or anaerobic

exercise. The definition of 'short' varies according to the

type of exertion - minutes for high intensity anaerobic

exercise, hours or days for low intensity aerobic

exercise. Training for endurance can have a negative

impact on the ability to exert strength unless an

individual also undertakes resistance training to

counteract this effect.

Freedom

Libertate özgürlük

1. the state or quality of being free;

a) exemption or liberation from the control of some other person or some

arbitrary power; liberty; independence

b) exemption from arbitrary restrictions on a specified civil right; civil or

political liberty: freedom of speech

c) exemption or immunity from a specified obligation, discomfort, etc.:

freedom from want

d) exemption or release from imprisonment

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e) a being able to act, move, use, etc. without hindrance or restraint: to have

the freedom of the house

f) a being able of itself to choose or determine action freely: freedom of the

will

g) ease of movement or performance; facility

h) a being free from the usual rules, patterns, etc.

i) frankness or easiness of manner; sometimes, an excessive frankness or

familiarity

2. a right or privilege

Genocide

Genocide Soykırım

The systematic killing of a racial or cultural

group; as, the Nazi genocide of Jews left few in

Germany or Poland after World War II .

Acts aiming to significantly reduce or eliminate

entirely a national, ethnic, racial, or religious

group through murder, physical or mental harm,

unfit living conditions, birth prevention, or

forcible population transfer. The crime of

genocide was fortified and defined by the

Convention for the Prevention and Punishment

of the Crime of Genocide of 9 December 1948

and further elaborated in Statute Article 2(2) of

the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

Although the specific actions defining genocide are well articulated, murkiness surrounds

what constitutes a recognised „group‟.

Genocide excludes groups that individuals join voluntarily; membership must be by birth

into a stable, permanent group. Thus, mass killings or violence perpetrated against groups

not recognised by the Genocide Convention have sprouted terms such as „politicide‟,

„democide‟, and „gendercide‟. Those suspected of the crime of genocide are bound by

international law to face trial.

11

Giving

A oferi, a dărui Vermek

1. to turn over the possession or control of to someone without cost or exchange; make

a gift of

2. to hand or pass over into the trust or keeping of someone

3. to relay; pass along: to give regards to someone

4.

1. to part with for some cause; sacrifice: to give one's life for a cause

2. to devote to some occupation, pursuit, etc.: to give one's life to art

Hate

Ura Nefret

1. To have a great aversion to, with a strong

desire that evil should befall the person toward

whom the feeling is directed; to dislike

intensely; to detest; as, to hate one's enemies; to

hate hypocrisy.

2. To be very unwilling; followed by an

infinitive, or a substantive clause with that; as, to

hate to get into debt; to hate that anything should be wasted.

Usage: Hate is the generic word, and implies that one is inflamed with extreme dislike.

We abhor what is deeply repugnant to our sensibilities or feelings. We detest what

contradicts so utterly our principles and mora sentiments that we feel bound to lift up our

voice against it. What we abominate does equal violence to our moral and religious

sentiments. What we loathe is offensive to our own nature, and excites unmingled disgust.

Our Savior is said to have hated the deeds of the Nicolaitanes; his language shows that he

loathed the lukewarmness of the Laodiceans; he detested the hypocrisy of the scribes and

Pharisees; he abhorred the suggestions of the tempter in the wilderness.

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Human Rights

Drepturile omului Insan hakları

Human rights are rights inherent to all human

beings, whatever our nationality, place of

residence, sex, national or ethnic origin,

colour, religion, language, or any other status.

We are all equally entitled to our human

rights without discrimination. These rights are

all interrelated, interdependent and

indivisible.

Universal Human Rights are often expressed and

guaranteed by law, in the forms of treaties, customary

international law , general principles and other sources of

international law. International human rights law lays

down obligations of Governments to act in certain ways

or to refrain from certain acts, in order to promote and

protect human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals or groups.

Humanity

Umanitate Insanlık

All human beings collectively; the human race;

humankind.

The quality or condition of being human;

human nature.

The quality of being humane; kindness; benevolence; goodwill.

The humanities, literature, languages, philosophy, art, etc., or their study: distinguished

from the sciences. classical languages and classical literature, esp. as a field of study.

13

Idealism

Idealism Idealizm

1. The quality or state of being ideal.

2. Conception of the ideal; imagery.

3. (Philos.) The system or theory that denies the existence of material bodies, and

teaches that we have no ration grounds to believe in the reality of anything but ideas and

their relations.

4. The practice or habit of giving or attributing ideal form or character to things;

treatment of things in art or literature according to ideal standards or patterns; opposed to

realism.

5. a belief in the feasibility of the implementation of ideal principles and noble goals,

and the practice or habit of pursuing such goals; -- opposed to realism and cynicism.

Indulgence, lenience, leniency

Indulgenţă, îngăduinţă, clemenţă Müsamaha

1. The act of indulging or humoring; the

quality of being indulgent; forbearance of restrain

or control.

2. An indulgent act; favor granted;

gratification.

3. (R. C. Ch.) Remission of the temporal

punishment due to sins, after the guilt of sin has

been remitted by sincere repentance; absolution

from the censures and public penances of the

church. It is a payment of the debt of justice to

God by the application of the merits of Christ and his saints to the contrite soul through

the church. It is therefore believed to diminish or destroy for sins the punishment of

purgatory.

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International Law

Legi internaţionale Uluslararası Huku

International law is the set of rules generally

regarded and accepted as binding in relations between

states and nations. It serves as the indispensable

framework for the practice of stable and organized

international relations. International law differs from

national legal systems in that it primarily concerns

nations rather than private citizens. National law may

become international law when treaties delegate

national jurisdiction to supranational tribunals such as

the European Court of Human Rights or the

International Criminal Court. Treaties such as the Geneva Conventions may require

national law to conform.

International law is consent-based governance. This means that a state member of the

international community is not obliged to abide by international law unless it has expressly

consented to a particular course of conduct.

Kindness

Bunătate Nezaket

Kindness is the act of being caring or warm in spirit.

An example of kindness is asking a lost person if they need directions.

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Loyalty

Loialitate Bağlılık

Loyalty is faithfulness or a devotion to a

person, country, group, or cause.

(Philosophers disagree as to what things

one can be loyal to. Some, as explained in

more detail below, argue that one can be

loyal to a broad range of things, whilst

others argue that it is only possible for

loyalty to be to another person and that it is

strictly interpersonal.)

Passion

Pasiune Tutku Passion is a term applied to a very strong

feeling about a person or thing. Passion is an

intense emotion compelling feeling, enthusiasm,

or desire for something.

The term is also often applied to a lively or eager

interest in or admiration for a proposal, cause, or

activity or love – to a feeling of unusual

excitement, enthusiasm or compelling emotion, a

positive affinity or love, towards a subject. It is

particularly used in the context of romance or

sexual desire though it generally implies a

deeper or more encompassing emotion than that

implied by the term lust.

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Peace

Pace Barış

1. A state of tranquility, quiet, and harmony. For

instance, a state free from civil disturbance.

2. A state free of oppressive and unpleasant

thoughts and emotions.

3. Harmony in personal relations.

4. A state free of war, in particular war between

different countries.

A political condition that ensures justice and social

stability through formal and informal

institutions, practices, and

norms. Several conditions must be met for peace to be reached and

maintained:

• balance of political power among the various groups within a society,

region, or, most ambitiously, the world

• legitimacy for decision makers and implementers of decisions in the

eyes of their respective group, as well as those of external parties, duly

supported through transparency and accountability

• recognised and valued interdependent relationships among

groups fostering long-term cooperation during periods of

agreement, disagreement, normality and crisis

• reliable and trusted institutions for resolving conflicts

• sense of equality and respect, in sentiment and in practice, within and without groups and

in accordance with international standards

• mutual understanding of rights, interests,

intents, and flexibility despite

incompatibilities

Notoriously elusive, peace connotes more

than a mere absence of war or hostilities;

an absence of conflict is impossible. In

addition, the state of peace should be

distinguished from techniques that simply

avoid conflicts or employ violent or

coercive approaches to engage in, manage,

or resolve them.

Deriving from the Latin pax, peace in the

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Western world is generally considered a contractual relationship that implies mutual

recognition and agreement.

Understandings of peace throughout the world often disclose a much deeper

comprehension of peace in relation to the human condition, which also includes inner

peace. The comprehensive understanding of peace outlined above extends beyond what

are referred to as positive conceptions of peace but acts in accordance with them as well.

This contrasts with negative conceptions of peace, which are described most commonly as

the mere absence of war or violent conflict.

Peacebuilding

Construire a păcii Barış İnşası

Peacebuilding involves a full range of approaches, processes, and stages needed for

transformation toward more sustainable, peaceful relationships and governance modes and

structures. Peacebuilding includes building legal and human rights institutions as well as

fair and effective governance and dispute resolution processes and systems.

Permissiveness

Permisivitate Serbestlik

A permissive society is a society where social norms

are becoming increasingly liberal. This usually

accompanies a change in what is considered deviant.

While typically preserving the rule "do not harm

others", a permissive society would have few other

moral codes (harm principle, no victimless crimes).

Aspects that often change as a society becomes more

permissive:

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Sexual freedom increases. This includes the freedom to take part in sexual activities

which were previously considered unacceptable or even criminalized. Freedom to

view violent and sexual material including movies, music, art and literature

increases, and censorship of these and other arts decreases.

The power of religious groups subsides, often accompanied by a rising secularism.

Religious toleration

Toleranţă religioasă Dinsel

hoşgörü

Toleration is "the practice of deliberately allowing or permitting a thing of which one

disapproves. One can meaningfully speak of tolerating, ie of allowing or permitting, only

if one is in a position to disallow”. It has also been defined as "to bear or endure" or "to

nourish, sustain or preserve". Toleration may signify “no more than forbearance and the

permission given by the adherents of a dominant religion for other religions to exist, even

though the latter are looked on with disapproval as inferior, mistaken or harmful”.

.

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Sensitivity

Sensibilitate Duyarlılık

The sensitivity or insensitivity of a human, often considered with regard to a particular

kind of stimulus, is the strength of the feeling it

results in, in comparison with the strength of the

stimulus.

The concept applies to physical as well as

emotional feeling. Stimulus may consist of any or

all types of stimuli, including political,

nationalistic, religious, physical, mental,

emotional, etc. In the political sense, perception of

and reaction to stimuli is often inculcated by - and

for the benefit of - power holders.

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Tenacity

Tenacitate Azim

1. The quality or state of being tenacious; as, tenacity, or retentiveness, of memory;

tenacity, or persistency, of purpose.

2. The quality of bodies which keeps them

from parting without considerable force;

cohesiveness; the effect of attraction; – as

distinguished from brittleness, fragility,

mobility, etc. 3. The quality of bodies which makes them

adhere to other bodies; adhesiveness;

viscosity.

4. The greatest longitudinal stress a substance

can bear without tearing asunder, – usually

expressed with reference to a unit area of the

cross section of the substance, as the number

of pounds per square inch, or kilograms per square centimeter, necessary to produce

rupture.

Toleration, sufferance, acceptance

Toleranţă, suferință. acceptare Hoşgörü

- a disposition to tolerate or accept people or situations; "all people should practice

toleration and live together in peace"

- a permissible difference; allowing some freedom to move within limits

- a disposition to tolerate or accept people or situations; "all people should practice

toleration and live together in peace"

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1. Tolerance with respect to the actions and beliefs of others: "Toleration . . . is the greatest

gift of the mind" (Helen Keller).

2. Official recognition of the rights of individuals and groups to hold dissenting opinions,

especially on religion.

1. the act or practice of tolerating

2. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) freedom to hold religious opinions that differ from

the established or prescribed religion of a country.

tolerance - the act of tolerating something

lenience, leniency - lightening a penalty or excusing from a chore by judges or

parents or teachers

allowance - - the act of allowing; "He objected to the allowance of smoking in the

dining room"

tolerance - willingness to recognize and respect the beliefs or practices of others

attitude, mental attitude - a complex mental state involving beliefs and feelings

and values and dispositions to act in certain ways; "he had the attitude that work

was fun"

broad-mindedness - an inclination to tolerate or overlook opposing or shocking

opinions or behavior

liberality, liberalness - an inclination to favor progress and individual freedom

intolerance - unwillingness to recognize and respect differences in opinions or

beliefs

tolerance - a permissible difference; allowing some freedom to move within limits

discrepancy, disagreement, divergence, variance - a difference between

conflicting facts or claims or opinions; "a growing divergence of opinion"

lenity, the quality or condition of being lenient; mildness; gentleness; mercifulness

Quotations

"Live and let live" [J.C.F. Schiller Wallenstein's Camp]

"Tolerance is only another name for indifference" [W. Somerset Maugham]

"Tolerance should really be only a temporary attitude; it must lead to recognition"

[Goethe]

-

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Understanding

Înţelegere Anlayış

Understanding (also called intellection) is a

psychological process related to an abstract or

physical object, such as a person, situation, or

message whereby one is able to think about it and

use concepts to deal adequately with that object.

Understanding is a relation between the knower

and an object of understanding. Understanding

implies abilities and dispositions with respect to

an object of knowledge sufficient to support

intelligent behavior.[1]

An understanding is the limit of a

conceptualization. To understand something is to

have conceptualized it to a given measure.

Understanding

1. The act of one who understands a thing, in any

sense of the verb; knowledge; discernment;

comprehension interpretation; explanation.

2. An agreement of opinion or feeling; adjustment

of differences; harmony; anything mutually

understood or agreed upon; as, to come to an

understanding with another.

3. The power to understand; the intellectual faculty;

the intelligence; the rational powers collectively

conceived an designated; the higher capacities of

the intellect; the power to distinguish truth from

falsehood, and to adapt means to ends.

4. Specifically, the discursive faculty; the faculty o

knowing by the medium or use of general

conceptions or relations. In this sense it is

contrasted with, and distinguished from, the reason.

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characterized by understanding based on comprehension and discernment and empathy;

"an understanding friend"

a: the cognitive condition of someone who understands; "he has virtually no

understanding of social cause and effect"

b: the statement (oral or written) of an exchange of promises; "they had an agreement

that they would not interfere in each other's business"; "there was an understanding

between management and the workers"

c: an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion; "his sympathies

were always with the underdog"; "I knew I could count on his understanding"

d: the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination.

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Materiale culese si prelucrate de elevi cu ajutorul Internetului

STUDENTS

TEACHERS

ROMANIAN TEAM

Țepeș Vlad Axinte Teona

Poloșan Marian Cozma Radu Ștefan

Lazăr Cristina Antohi Mihaela Georgiana

Afemeei Răzvan Tanasă Cosmin Ursărescu Eliza Butescu Rareş

Bighiu Alexandru Clipa Livia

Bortă Larisa Georgiana

TURKISH TEAM

Hanifi Bilgin

Karadaş Fatma Dilber Habeşoğlu Erkan Hallaçoğlu

Mustafa Köse Hanifi Bilgin

Gungor Yavuzalp Kemal Yıldız Derya Koçak

Şeyma Altınöz Bihter Abacı Ufuk Berber

Mustafa Köşkeroğle

ROMANIAN TEAM

Prof. Circu Nadia

Prof. Buzatu Bogdan

Prof. Frenti Mariana

Prof. Girbea Oana

Prof. Gireada Irina

Prof. Hutanu Diana

TURKISH TEAM

Teacher: Saydal Uysal

Teacher: Hayrullah Taze

Teacher: Umut Dönmez

Teacher: Cihan Soylu

Teacher: Mehmet Gürkan

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