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ONLINE CLASS SCHEDULING MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
ERNY SYUHAILA BINTI ABDUL AZIZ
BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
(SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT)
UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN
2017
ONLINE CLASS SCHEDULING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
ERNY SYUHAILA BINTI ABDUL AZIZ
Bachelor of Computer Science (Software Development)
Faculty of Informatics and Computing
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
MAY 2017
i
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this report is based on my original work except for quotations
and citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been
previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal
Abidin or other institutions.
________________________________
Name : Erny Syuhaila binti Abdul Aziz
Date : ..................................................
ii
CONFIRMATION
This is to confirm that:
The research conducted and the writing of this report was under my supervison.
________________________________
Name : Dr. Nurnadiah binti Zamri
Date : ..................................................
iii
DEDICATION
First of all, I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who
provided me the possibility and giving me the opportunity to undergo and complete my
project proposal, Online Class Scheduling Management System. Dr. Nurnadiah binti
Zamri, whose contributing in simulating suggestion and encouragement, valuable
guidance, helped me to coordinate my project proposal.
Furthermore, I would also like to express my gratitude to my family especially
my parents for their undying encouragement advice given during the process to
complete this project proposal. Next, I would also like to thank the Faculty of
Informatics and Computing, UniSZA for giving me this great opportunity to expose
myself with this project.
Lastly, I want a big thank to all of my friends for their endless helps and
cooperation in the form of advice, suggestion and support during the whole of this
semester. I appreciate all of the kindness and efforts given by everyone towards the
success of this project.
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ABSTRACT
Nowadays, many students have been sent to extra classes or tuitions by their parents
especially for those who has big examination such as Ujian Penilaian Sekolah Rendah
(UPSR), Penilaian Menengah Rendah (PMR) and Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM).
However, most of the parents do not considerate for their children time by sending them
to extra classes or tuition as soon as their school time finished without having rest time
even for a while. Thus, they need an adjustable timetable according to their preferences.
However, due to the limited timetable system, they cannot arrange their schedule well.
In order to overcome this problem, “Online Class Scheduling Management System” is
proposed where it is a web based system that used a rule-based algorithm via PHP
coding. The main modules which are students and administrator will be included in this
system. This system hopes that all students are able to attend all the extra classes after
the well arrangement.
.
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ABSTRAK
Pada masa kini, ramai pelajar dihantar ke kelas tambahan atau tuisyen oleh kedua ibu
bapa mereka terutamanya mereka yang akan menduduki peperiksaan yang penting
seperti Ujian Penilaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR), Penilaian Menengah Rendah (PMR)
dan Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM). Namun begitu, kebanyakan ibu bapa tidak
memikirkan masa anak-anak dengan menghantar mereka ke kelas tambahan sejurus
waktu persekolahan tamat tanpa ada masa untuk berehat. Justeru, pelajar memerlukan
jadual yang boleh diubah mengikut keutamaan mereka. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini,
"Kelas Sistem Pengurusan Penjadualan Online" adalah dicadangkan di mana ia adalah
satu sistem berasaskan web yang menggunakan algoritma berasaskan peraturan melalui
PHP coding. Modul utama iaitu pelajar dan pentadbir akan terlibah dalam sistem ini.
Sistem ini berharap semua pelajar dapat menghadiri semua kelas tambahan selepas
penyusunan jadual yang baik.
vi
CONTENTS
PAGE
DECLARATION i
CONFIRMATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ABSTRACT iv
ABSTRAK v
CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES ix
LIST OF FIGURES x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Xii
LIST OF APPENDICES xiii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Problem statement 2
1.3 Objectives 3
1.4
Scopes
1.4.1 Admin
4
4
1.4.2 Student 4
1.5 Limitation of Work 5
1.6 Expected Outcome 6
1.7 Project Planning 6
1.8 Report Organizing 7
1.9 Chapter Summary
7
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction 8
2.2 Education 9
2.3 Education in Malaysia 10
2.4 Research Related with other Method
Or Technique
11
2.5 Rule-Based Approach 13
2.6 Chapter Summary 14
vii
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 14
3.2 Justification of Methodology 15
3.3 Methodology 16-20
3.3.1 Planning Phase 17
3.3.2 Analysis Phase 17
3.3.3 Design Phase 18
3.3.4 Implementation Phase 18
3.3.5 Testing Phase 19
3.3.6 Deployment Phase 19
3.3.7 Evaluation 20
3.4 System Requirements 21-22
3.4.1 Software Requirement 21
3.3.2 Hardware Requirement 22
3.5 System Framework 23
3.6 Context Diagram 24
3.7 Data Flow Diagram 25-39
3.7.1 DFD Level 1 28
3.7.2 DFD Level 1 29
3.7.3 DFD Level 1 30
3.7.4 DFD Level 1 31
3.7.5 DFD Level 1 32
3.7.6 DFD Level 1 33
3.7.7 DFD Level 1 34
3.7.8 DFD Level 1 35
3.7.9 DFD Level 2 36
3.7.10 DFD Level 2 37
3.7.11 DFD Level 3 38
3.7.12 DFD Level 3 39
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3.8 Entity Relationship Diagram 40-41
3.9 Database Design 42-47
3.9.1 Table Admin 43
3.9.2 Table Student 43
3.9.3 Table Teacher 44
3.9.4 Table Subject 44
3.9.5 Table Timeslot 45
3.9.6 Table Preference 45
3.9.7 Table Register 46
3.9.8 Table Timetable 46
3.10 Chapter Summary 47
REFERENCE 48
APPENDIX 50
ix
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE PAGE
3.1 Software Requirement for Development 21
3.2 Hardware Requirement for Development 22
x
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE
3.1 Iterative Model 16
3.2 System Framework 23
3.3 Context Diagram 23
3.7 DFD Level 0 25
3.7.1 DFD Level 1 Manage Student Profile 28
3.7.2 DFD Level 1 Manage Subject 29
3.7.3 DFD Level 1 Manage Preference 30
3.7.4 DFD Level 1 Manage Timetable 31
3.7.5 DFD Level 1 Manage Admin Profile 32
3.7.6 DFD Level 1 Manage Timeslot 33
3.7.7 DFD Level 1 Manage Student 34
3.7.8 DFD Level 1 Manage Teacher 35
3.7.9 DFD Level 2 Manage Details 36
3.7.10 DFD Level 2 Manage Profile 37
3.7.11 DFD Level 3 Change Password 38
3.7.12 DFD Level 3 Change Password 39
3.8 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 40
3.9 Online Scheduling Management System 42
3.9.1 Table for Admin 43
3.9.2 Table for Student 43
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3.9.3 Table for Teacher 44
3.9.4 Table for Subject 44
3.9.5 Table for Timeslot 45
3.9.6 Table for Preference 45
3.9.7 Table for Register 46
3.9.8 Table for Timetable 46
xii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / TERMS / SYMBOLS
CD Context Diagram
DFD Data Flow Diagram
ERD Entity Relationship Diagram
FYP Final year project
UPSR Ujian Penilaian Sekolah Rendah
PMR Penilaian Menengah Rendad
SPM Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Background
In Malaysia, formal education starts from four to six years old at kindergarten
which is a preschool educational then continue at primary school, secondary school and
will be ended at university. The first evaluating phase for student is in the primary
school which is in Standard Six, Ujian Penilaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) and the result
is being used to enroll them in secondary school based on result. For being able enter
the school that had better education the student need to get good result.
Thus, this report is about develop a web based system that called as “Online
Class Scheduling Management System”. The main purpose to develops this system is
to help students in organizing their extra classes by choosing their own preference. This
system used rule-based algorithm that often used to store and manipulate the knowledge
to translate the information in a useful way.
2
1.2 Problem Statement
Nowadays, students keep protesting over the tuition that had been arrange by
their pushy parents whereas they need to attend the tuition as soon as the school time
over. As their school time already finish late every day, the student will feel tired and
sometimes can lead them to skipping their tuition. So, this system is going to help them
attend the tuition without being forced by choosing their classes based on their own
preferences.
Besides, it also wastes time for student and parent as they need to come all the
way to tuition centre just only for registering. So this system helps them to minimize
their activity by letting them register in the tuition centre as well as register for subjects.
Lastly, the research about the existing tuition centre to find out how the system
worked has been made. As the result, many of the centre still manage them in traditional
system which is still keep the data or any information in paper files and forms. This
kind of system somehow is very wasting time and energy as they need to manage the
data properly or they might lose the data.
3
1.3 Objectives
The objectives of the project are:
i. to develop a web based for Online Class Scheduling Management System
with various functionality to schedule student’s timetable.
ii. to implement rule-based algorithm into the system that will provide a
schedule for user based on their choices.
iii. to test the functionality of the system matches the requirement.
4
1.4 Scope
Scope is the part of project planning and it is what needs to be achieved and the
work must be done to deliver a project. Scope of this system can be defined as where it
caters two different perspective of users which are an admin and the student. These two
types of users can be differentiating by their behaviour in accessing the system.
1.4.1 Admin
Administrator is the one who handle the management of the system. Admin who
has authority to access the system is being able to manage timetable, manage students,
all the reports and preference for the system itself.
1.4.2 Student
To get the authority as a student, the user need to be register first before login as
a student. Once the student success login as student, the system allows the student to
choose the subject and their preference. After student choose their preference, the
timetable based on their choices will be display before they confirm it. Next, student
can view their timetable and can download them. Student also can view and update their
profile details.
5
1.5 Limitation of Work
All of the system will have their own requirements as well as this system.
Therefore, all the requirement that already being decided somehow make the system
would not function as planned. This is because, not all the users will follow those
requirements. Besides, some of the users do not fully understand on how does the
system working completely. For example, the user or the student who already registered
do not aware that they need confirmation from the admin whether their request already
being approved or not. Next, wrong data input from the user also make the system not
function well. They might enter the data that not suitable for as request. Hence, the
system cannot read and processed them.
Other than that, this system only available for those student who want to attend
the tuition. Then, this system only provided four subjects which is Bahasa Melayu,
English, Mathematics, and Science are not available and it is only for three days. As
knowing, this system only developed by using PHP and rule-based that use if-then rule.
Hence, all the other medium or method does not compatible to use for this system.
Lastly, the program would not work when server is down. Once it could not be used, it
means the limitation of work is there.
6
1.6 Expected Outcome
The development of this system hope that can improve the flexibility in
scheduling construction so that the student will have a timetable for their extra classes
that suitable and structured schedule. Besides, the student will be able to have a wise
schedule or timetabling based on their own preferences. Therefore, they can attend
their classes without being coercion by their parents. Lastly, my expectation is that the
system will go a long way in improving the efficiency of the student’s management
especially for their time.
1.7 Project Planning
Detailed project planning that has been implementing in this system to
facilitate system development can be referred in Appendix A.
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1.8 Report Organizing
Report organizing for each chapter that has been documentation is refer to
specific format and it is easy to understand by the readers for the whole of the report.
This report is begin with chapter 1 that consists of the introduction, problem statement,
objectives, scopes, limitation of work, expected outcome and project planning of the
system. For the next chapter, it explains about the literature review which is explain
about the related research paper for the similar system. For the chapter 3, it discussed
about the project methodology, system requirement that has been used during the
development of the system and system design. Then, for chapter 4 deals with the
implementation process and testing process. Lastly, chapter 5 consists of conclusion on
the project development.
1.9 Chapter Summary
As the conclusion for this chapter, the early stages about the project
development is delivered. It also explained more about the initial stage of the
development process.
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
In this chapter, the study about the previous research is done. Any related
journals and articles was referred in order to find out the weakness of the previous
research that can be overcome. Nowadays, there a lot of applications that has been
developed and available in the market. These applications aim to generate a well-
distributed timetable depending their method or artificial intelligent algorithm. There
are many kinds of methods that has been used in order to develop this system such as
fuzzy logics, expert system, genetic algorithm and etc.
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2.2 Education
Education is a very vital tool for everyone to live in this such competitive world.
An education can help people in learning process to gain knowledge and skills that can
be inherit from the ancestors through research, teaching and discussion. Education is
commonly divided into types which are formal and informal education. The distinct
between these two types is formal education is classroom-based and trained by the
teachers or lecturers. While, the informal education normally happens outside of the
classroom such as at home, library or community-based organizations. Education may
include informal transmission of knowledge, values, beliefs, skills, attitudes and habit
from one human being to another.
10
2.3 Education in Malaysia
In Malaysia, education is start as early as at the age of four to six at pre-schools
or kindergarten. This first phase of education is not that compulsory before the children
reaches the age of seven then continue as a student in the primary school. Primary
education begins for children age seven to twelve for six years. During in standard six,
the students being evaluate by taking the exam called as Ujian Penilain Sekolah Rendah
(UPSR). Next, the students will be entering the secondary education which is divided
by two phases. The first one is lower secondary that involved students from age thirteen
to fifteen and being evaluate for Penilaian Menengah Rendah (PMR). As they passed
the test, they will continue to another phase, upper secondary for two years and will be
examine in Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM). The higher education is also available but
it does not that compulsory to the student. So basically, formal education in Malaysia
that being adopted in Malaysia’s system is for thirteen years.
11
2.4 Research Related with other Method or Technique
The first paper is An Implementation Of An Online Based Registration System
In Tertiary Institutions In Zimbabwe by (Mr Pharaoh Chaka and Mr Fungai Starben
Mungadzi, 2013). This paper used two techniques which are business rule and
questionnaires in order to provide a more convenient way to conduct course registration
at a tertiary institution. The results were analysed from the questionnaires that has been
distributed that consists a few factors. This paper shows that the introduction of the
online registration system is supported by many respondents.
The next paper written by (Wipada Chaiwchan and Patcharee Klinhom, 2014),
The Development of Online-Class Scheduling Management System Conducted by the
Case Study of Department of Social Science: Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University. This research is also about to develop online class
scheduling management system and focusing in the specific university and faculty that
used black-box testing and questionnaires as the techniques to develop the system. The
research indicates the system proposed to change the timetable from manual to online
timetable is agreed by experts and members of department through the evaluation from
the questionnaires that had been distributed.
12
2.5 Rule-Based Approach
Rule-based system is a set of assertion that consists of “if-then” statements to a
set of rules that had specify. Rule-based system or called as knowledge based system
are specialized software that encapsulate “Human Intelligence” like knowledge by
making intelligence decisions quickly and in repeatable form. A rule-based system is
fairly simplistic which are widely used in many other fields because it is a simple model
that can be adapted to any number of problems.
In computer science, rule-based system is represented in the logic form as IF-
THEN statements where the IF part is called the antecedent or condition while THEN
part is called the consequent or conclusion. This explained that if the condition of the
rule is satisfied, so that the conclusion can be deduct. Hence, based on the given inputs
and the rule database, the stored knowledge for interpreting the generated and in
decision making can be manipulate.
However, the rule-based systems are only feasible for problems that consists of
the problem area that can be written in the form of if-then rules and not a large problem
area. If there are too many rules, the system can become difficult to maintain. It also
provides the basis for that called as expert system where the knowledge of an expert is
encoded into the rule set.
13
2.6 Chapter Summary
Basically, this chapter is discussed about any information that gathered based on
any journal or articles that had been collected to use as a references. This can help the
developer to discover the problems from the previous research or system in order to
make the system become better. Besides, this process will help the researchers or
developers to gain understanding during the next development process.
14
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
This chapter will be discussed about the project methodology that being used to
build the system. The usage of project methodology is to ensure all the processes,
techniques, methods, approaches and technologies of the system are well defined. It is
very important phase of development as it will guide the researchers through all the
development period. For being able to have plan about a good project, this phase should
be start with a good understanding especially on user’s requirement.
15
3.2 Justification of Methodology
Basically, this project has been used iterative model to develop Online Class
Scheduling Management System. Iterative model focuses on an initial, simplified
implementation and become more complexity as well as a broader feature set until the
final system is complete. Unlike the other methods that focuses on a stringent step-by-
step process of development stage, the iterative model is a cyclical process which
repeated over and over.
There are a few advantages of using this method in development a system.
Firstly, the iterative model makes the development process easier by ensuring the newer
iterations are incrementally improved versions more than the previous versions.
Besides, this model easy to adapt for any ever-changing needs of the project as well as
to any whims from the clients.
For this system, before develop the system function and define the design
solution for added value it starts with designing the entire interface of the system. As
the module has been described, the development of the system was build based on that
and will be improved step-by-step.
16
3.3 Methodology
Figure 3.1 Iterative Model
Figure 3.1 shows that the methodology that had been used from the beginning
until the end of this project. At the next page, each stage that involved in this project
has being explained.
17
3.3.1 Planning Phase
Planning is a first phase in this method that need to identify the specific goals of
the project. During this phase, also involved the detail overview for every goals that
already identified as well as their reason for the selection and the expected outcome of
goal-related system. Besides, the title of this project already being approved as “Online
Class Scheduling Management System”. Next, three objectives of the project have been
described in quantitative or qualitative terms. The added value also already being
decided which h is Rule-based method. Lastly, after all the information already being
discover and collected, the abstract is being made.
3.3.2 Analysis Phase
In the analysis phase, the requirements of the project are being analyzed and the
problem of the project is being fully understand. Any information relates to the system
had been gathering from any resources such as journal, documentation or website. Then,
based on the past researches from information gathering the problem statement is
determined.
18
3.2.3 Design Phase
In the third phase which is design phase, the product requirements were designed
as the technical solutions to the problems that already being set out. In order to discover
more details of the system Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0 and
Level 1 and also the Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) were built.
3.3.4 Implementation Phase
Implementation is the shortest phase in this research as the design already being
made in advance. This phase start once the design is approved. To develop this project,
Notepad++ is used to write the coding, XAMPP to create a local web server for testing
purposes and phpMyAdmin to handle the administration of MySQL with the use of a
web browser.
19
3.3.5 Testing Phase
Once the current build iteration has been coded and implemented, the testing
procedures to identify and located any potential bugs or errors need to be go through.
When the bugs or errors has been discovered, it need to be corrected in order to
determine whether the system meet the requirement or not. This phase need to be
repeated until there is no any bugs or errors and the system should be function as the
requirements stated.
3.3.6 Deployment Phase
This phase is the phase where is getting the system ready to be used. When the
system is already stable, the review will be done as the application or system meets all
the goals and requirement in the project plan for their satisfaction.
20
3.3.7 Evaluation Phase.
Once all the prior phases have been completed, it is time for a thorough
evaluation of development up to this phase. This phase allows the entire team, as well
as clients or other outside parties to examine the effectiveness of the system whether
goals and requirements are properly aligned and delivered to the appropriate recipients.
21
3.4 System Requirements
3.4.1 Software Requirement
Table 3.4.1 Software Requirement for Development
Software Description
Microsoft Office 2016 - Used for documentation
Google Chrome - Used for gathering information and
required data
- Used for run or review the system
ClickCharts Diagram Flowchart - As a tool to create CD, DFD, and
ERD
Notepad++ - A platform to write the coding
XAMPP - As a server for running in localhost
phpMyAdmin - A tool written in PHP intended to
handle administration of MySQL
Windows 10 - Operating system used
Table 3.4.1 shows the software that helps in developing this system from the
beginning until the system is done.
22
3.4.2 Hardware Requirement
Table 3.4.2 Hardware Requirement for Development
Hardware Description
Laptop: Lenovo - Used for develop the project
Processor: Intel (R) Core (TM) i3-
4030U CPU @ 1.90 GHz 1.90 GHz
- Processor of the laptop
Memory: 2GB RAM memory - RAM of the laptop
Hard Disk: Toshiba 500GB - Used as a back up to save data
Pendrive - Used to transfer the data
Printer: HP DeskJet Ink Advantage
2135
- Used to print the draft and report of
the project
In Table 3.4.2 there are the list all the hardware that had been used during the
process of making this project.
23
3.5 System Framework
Figure 3.5 System Framework
Figure 3.5 shows the framework for Online Class Scheduling Management
System using Rule-Based.
24
3.6 Context Diagram
Figure 3.6 Context Diagram
Figure 3.6 shows the Context Diagram for Online Class Scheduling
Management System. The Online Scheduling Management System process is at the
center of the diagram. There are two entities which are STUDENT and ADMIN that
place at each side of the system process. Every data flow that involved in the system
had listed according to the process of the system. The total of data flows that involved
in the interaction between central process and the entities are 21 data flows. The
STUDENT entity has five incoming flow and six outgoing data flow. While the
ADMIN entity has five outgoing flow as well as the incoming flow. Eventually, there
are eleven outgoing flow and ten incoming flow for all the process that involve in this
system and this system also involved the central process and all the entities.
26
Figure 3.7 shows the Data Flow Diagram Level 0 for Online Class Management
System. This figure represent all the process involved for each entity with the data flow
along the data store for every function in this system. There are twelve processes
involved in this system. The STUDENT entity has six processes which are Student
Registration, Student Login, Manage Student Profile, Choose Subject, Choose Class
Preference and View Timetable. While the ADMIN has six processes which are Admin
Login, Manage Admin Profile, Create Timetable, Manage Timetable, Manage Student
and lastly Generate Report. Next, the data store that involved in this system consists of
seven data stores. Those data store are represented by D1 until D7 which are stand for
Student, Subject, Preference, Register, Admin, Timeslot and Teacher respectively.
1) A STUDENT need to register by input the Student Details requested to enter
the system which the output is Student Details to be keep in the Student data
store.
2) A STUDENT login into the system by key in the Login Details (email and
password) as registered while the system will retrieve the data in the
STUDENT data store to ensure the data kept is same with the input entered.
3) The STUDENT will input the Student Details to Manage Student Profile and
the Student Details inserted will be keep in the Student data store.
4) A STUDENT will Input Subject Details into Manage Subject which output
is Subject Details into Subject Data Store.
5) A STUDENT will Request Subject Preference into Manage Preference
which is Preference Details as the output will be keep in the Preference data
store.
27
6) A STUDENT input the Request Timetable Details into Manage Timetable
process that output is Timetable Details will be store in the Register data
store.
7) An ADMIN input their Login Details into the Admin Login process then the
Admin Details that stored in Admin data store will be retrieved.
8) An ADMIN Input Admin Details during Manage Admin Profile process
then followed by Admin Details as the output to be keep in Admin data store.
9) An ADMIN will Input Timeslot Detail to Manage Timeslot process then the
output which is Timeslot Details will be inserted into Timeslot data store.
10) An ADMIN will Request Student Details during Manage Student process
then the Student Details that has been kept in Student data store will be
retrieve.
11) An Admin will input Teacher Details inti the Manage Teacher process which
the output Teacher Details will be save in Teacher data store.
12) All the report from all the data stores involved in the system will be send
into Generate Report process before pass to the ADMIN.
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3.7.1 DFD Level 1 (3.0 Manage Student Profile)
Figure 3.7.1 DFD Level 1 Manage Student Profile
Figure 3.7.1 shows the DFD Level 1 for STUDENT, process 3.0 which is
Manage Student Profile in the system. In this process, it involved three data store D1,
D2 and D3 which is for Student, Subject, and Teacher respectively. Next, there are three
additional processes which are Manage Details, Check Subject Registered and Check
Teacher List. Basically, this process involved for student who want to view their own
details that recorded in the system. The student will be able to manage their own details,
can view the subject they already registered and also can view the list of teacher that
teach them once the timetable is available.
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3.7.2 DFD Level 1 (4.0 Manage Subject)
Figure 3.7.2 DFD Level 1 Manage Subject
Figure 3.7.2 shows the DFD Level 1 for process 4.0 which is Manage Subject.
In this level, there is only one data store that involved which is Subject that represent as
D2. Besides, this process also involved another two processes which are register Subject
and Unenroll Subject. All these processes involved to student in order to register the
subject and also they can unenrolled the subject that already had registered. For
example, at first they register three subjects. After attend the classes, they want only
two subjects for the next session so they need to unenrolled first in order for them to
make new timetable.
30
3.7.3 DFD Level 1 (5.0 Manage Preference)
Figure 3.7.3 DFD Level 1 Manage Preference
Figure 3.7.3 shows that the DFD Level 1 for process Manage Preference. This
process has three extra processes which are Teacher, Day and Time and has one data
store, Preference All the processes involved during the student make their choice for
their class preference. They can choose the teacher that teach for the particular subjects,
can choose the day that the particular teacher available as well as the time.
31
Figure 3.7.4 DFD Level 1 (6.0 Manage Timetable)
Figure 3.7.4 DFD Level 1 Manage Timetable
Figure 3.7.4 shows the DFD Level 1 for Manage Timetable process. This
process involved one data store, Timetable and another two processes, Timetable
Confirmation and View Timetable. This processes occur when student want to view
their timetable. For being able to view the timetable, they need to make their preference
from the previous process then after all the choices has been made they need to confirm
them before the admin manage the confirmation. Once the admin has approved, they
can view their timetable.
32
3.7.5 DFD Level 1 (8.0 Manage Admin Profile)
Figure 3.7.5 Level 1 Manage Admin Profile
Figure 3.7.5 is DFD Level 1 for ADMIN in Manage Profile process. This
process involved one extra process which is Manage Profile and one data store, Admin.
This process allows the admin to manage their own profile.
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3.7.6 DFD Level 1 (9.0 Manage Timeslot)
Figure 3.7.6 DFD Level 1 Manage Timeslot
Figure 3.7.6 shows the DFD Level 1 for Manage Timeslot process. This process
has three extra processes which are Create Timeslot, Edit Timeslot, and Delete
Timeslot. Besides, this process involved one data store which is Timeslot that represent
as D6. In this process, admin who responsible to manage the timeslot can create new
timeslot that include subject, teacher teach for the particular subjects, day and time for
each subjects. Once the timeslot has been create, they also can edit the timeslot as well
as delete the available timeslot.
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3.7.7 DFD Level 1 (10.0 Manage Student)
Figure 3.7.7 DFD Level 1 Manage Student
Figure 3.7.7 shows that DFD Level 1 that involve in process Manage Student.
This process involves one extra process and one data store which are Request Student
Detail and Student respectively. The admin can request from the system to display the
student details that already registered into the system.
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3.7.8 DFD Level 1 (11.0 Manage Teacher)
Figure 3.7.8 DFD Level 1 Manage Teacher
Figure 3.7.8 shows the DFD Level 1 that involved in Manage Teacher process.
This process has two extra process, Request Timetable and Request Student List process
that involved two data stores, Timetable and Student. Admin has authorization to access
teacher details which is they can request to the system to view the timetable for certain
teacher and list of students who registered their class for that teacher by key in Teacher
ID.
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3.7.9 DFD Level 2 (3.1 Manage Details)
Figure 3.7.9 DFD Level 2 Manage Details
Figure 3.7.9 shows DFD Level 2 for STUDENT in Manage Details process. This
process has two extra processes which are Update Profile and Change Password that
involved one data store, Student. Generally, this process happen when the student who
want to update their details that had been inserted during registration process. Besides,
they also can change their password.
37
3.7.10 DFD Level 2 (8.1 Manage Profile)
Figure 3.7.10 DFD Level 2 Manage Profile
Figure 3.7.10 shows DFD Level 2 for ADMIN Manage Profile process. This
process has two extra processes which are Update Profile and Change Password that
involved one data store which is Admin. Generally, this process happen when the admin
who want to update their details that had recorded in the data store. Besides, they also
can change their password.
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3.7.11 DFD Level 3 (3.1.2 Change Password)
Figure 3.7.11 DFD Level 3 Change Password
Figure 3.7.11 shows the DFD Level 3 for STUDENT in Change Password
process. This process has three extra processes and one data store, Student. The
processes that involved are Verify Current Password, Receive New Password, and
Verify New Password. For this process, the student need to key in their current
password, then key in their new password and lastly key in their new password for once
again for being able to change to new password.
39
3.7.12 DFD Level 3 (8.1.2 Change Password)
Figure 3.7.12 DFD Level 3 Change Password
Figure 3.7.12 shows the DFD Level 3 for ADMIN in Change Password process.
This process has three extra processes and one data store that represent as D5, Admin.
The processes that involved are Verify Current Password, Receive New Password, and
Verify New Password. For this process, the admin need to key in their current password,
then key in their new password and lastly key in their new password for once again for
being able to change to new password.
41
Figure 3.8 shows the Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) for Online Class
Scheduling Management System. There are total of eight tables that involved in this
system which are admin, student, teacher, timetable, timeslot, subject, preference, and
register.
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3.9 Database Design
Figure 3.9 Online Class Scheduling Management System
Figure 3.9 shows the whole tables that involved in the system database. The total
of the table for this system is eight tables that consists of admin table, preference table,
register table, student table, subject table, teacher table, timeslot table, and timetable
table.
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3.9.1 Table Admin
Figure 3.9.1 Table for Admin
Figure 3.9.1 shows table for admin in Online Scheduling Management System
database. The table contain five fields which are adminID as the primary key,
adminName, adminPhone, adminEmail, and adminPassword.
3.9.2 Table Student
Figure 3.9.2 Table for Student
Figure 3.9.2 shows table for student in database of the system. The table
included six fields that consists of studentEmail as the primary key, studentName,
studentSchool, studentPhone, studentPassword, and studentAddress.
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3.9.3 Table Teacher
Figure 3.9.3 Table for Teacher
Figure 3.9.3 shows the table for teacher in the system database. This table has
three fields which are teacherId, teacherName, and teacherSubject. As for the primary
key for this table is teacherID.
3.9.4 Table Subject
Figure 3.9.4 Table for Subject
The Figure 3.9.4 shows that the table for subject in the database of the system.
This table has two fields which are subjectCode as the primary key and subjectName.
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3.9.5 Table Timeslot
Figure 3.9.5 Table for Timeslot
Figure 3.9.5 shows the table for timeslot that has six fields. Those fields are
timeslotID, timeslotDay, timeslotStart, timeslotEnd, teacherID, and subjectCode. The
primary key of this table is timeslotID.
3.9.6 Table Preference
Figure 3.9.6 Table for Preference
Figure 3.9.6 shows the table for preference of the system. This table has two
fields which are preferenceID and subjectCode. The primary key of this table is
preferenceID.
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3.9.7 Table Register
Figure 3.9.7 Table for Register
Figure 3.9.7 shows that the table for register in Online Scheduling Management
System database. The table contains four fields which are registerID, teacherID,
subjectCode, and studentEmail. The primary key for this table is registerID.
3.9.8 Table Timetable
Figure 3.9.8 Table for Timetable
Figure 3.9.8 shows the timetable’s table for this system. This table consists of
three fields. Those fields are timetableID, timeslotID, and preferenceID. The primary
key of this table is timetableID.
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3.10 Chapter Summary
This chapter focused on the data modelling that discussed about the structure of
the data represent in the database. There are three main parts that has been focussed
which is Context Diagram. It is designed to show the flows of the main process in the
system. Next, Data Flow Diagram is designed in order to show all the detail process of
the system. Lastly, Entity Relationship Diagram is designed to show the relationship
between all the module and the processes of the system.
48
REFERENCES
Websites
Vanaval, Goel. (2014, Novemeber 19) Education. The Most Essential Investment.
Retrieve from https://www.policyx.com/blogs/educationthe-most-essential-
investment/#sthash.tzfKL0J.dpbs
StudyMalaysia.com (2015, March 16). A Glance At The Malaysian Education System.
Retrieve from https://www.studymalaysia.com/education/higher-education-in-
malaysia/a-glance-at-the-malaysian-education-system
Powell-Morse, Andre. (2016, December 15). Iterative Model: What Is It And When
Should You Use It? Retrieve from https://airbrake.io/blog/sdlc/iterative-model
Sambandam, Suresh. (2008, November 3). Rule Based System. Retrieved from
https://www.slideshare.net/sureshsambandam/rule-based-system-presentation
Journal
Digna S. Evale (2015). Integrated Class Scheduling System for Selected State
Universities and Colleges with Satellite Campuses in the Philippines.
49
Wipada Chaiwchan and Patcharee Klinhom (2014). The Development of Online-Class
Scheduling Management System Conducted by the Case Study of Department of Social
Science: Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Suan Sunandha Rajabhat
University.
Chaka, Paraoh. (2013). An Implementation of an Online Based Registration System in
Tertiary Instituitions in Zimbabwe.
50
APPENDIX A (GANTT CHART)
TASK/ WEEK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Topic Discussion and
Determination
Project Title Proposal
Proposal Writing –
Introduction and
Literature Review
Proposal progress
Presentation and
Evaluation
Discussion and
Correction of the
Proposal
Proposed Solution –
Methodology
Proof of Concept
Drafting Report of
the Proposal
Submit Draft of
Report To Supervisor
Report Correction
Seminar Registration
Seminar Presentation
and Final Report
Submission