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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
You are investigating the properties of a novel oral TNF-alpha antagonist in late stage clinical trials.
Which of the following would be an expected property of this agent?
(Please select 1 option)
Decreased endothelial reactivity
Decreased HDL cholesterol
Decreased insulin sensitivity
Decreased protein catabolism
Increased acute phase protein production
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
You are investigating the properties of a novel oral TNF-alpha antagonist in late stage clinical trials.
Which of the following would be an expected property of this agent?
(Please select 1 option)
Decreased endothelial reactivity
Decreased HDL cholesterol
Decreased insulin sensitivity
Decreased protein catabolism This is the correct answer
Increased acute phase protein production Incorrect answer selected
Chronic inflammatory disorders including those associated with elevated tumour necrosis factor (TNF) are
noted to be associated with increased arteriolar stiffness and decreased endothelial reactivity.
TNF-alpha elevation is also known to be associated with increased insulin resistance and associated lipid
abnormalities such as decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.
Increased acute phase protein production is a feature of chronic inflammation, as such a TNF-alpha antagonist
is recognised to reduce this.
Question: 1 of 7 Time taken: 00:53
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
Which of the following arteries are branches of the axillary artery?
(Please select 1 option)
Inferior ulnar collateral artery
Internal thoracic artery
Profunda brachii artery
Subscapular artery
Superior ulnar collateral artery
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
Which of the following arteries are branches of the axillary artery?
(Please select 1 option)
Inferior ulnar collateral artery
Internal thoracic artery Incorrect answer selected
Profunda brachii artery
Subscapular artery This is the correct answer
Superior ulnar collateral artery
The internal thoracic artery arises from the subclavian artery.
The inferior and superior ulnar collateral arteries and the profunda brachii are branches of the brachial artery.
The subscapular artery arises from the axillary and is its largest branch, eventually anastomosing with the
ateral thoracic and intercostal arteries.
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(7): 497 -- Journal of Clinical Pathology
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Archives of Disease in Childhood
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Question: 2 of 7 Time taken: 01:26
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
A 24-year-old man presents with proteinuria, haematuria and sensorineural deafness.
Which of the following protein structures is likely to be abnormal?
(Please select 1 option)
Fibrillin
Laminin
Type 1 collagen
Type 3 collagen
Type 4 collagen
Question: 3 of 7 Time taken: 01:38Session Analysis
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
A 24-year-old man presents with proteinuria, haematuria and sensorineural deafness.
Which of the following protein structures is likely to be abnormal?
(Please select 1 option)
Fibrillin
Laminin
Type 1 collagen
Type 3 collagen
Type 4 collagen Correct
The diagnosis is Alport's syndrome, which is a disorder of type 4 collagen assembly and is inherited as an X
inked disorder in 85% of cases.
Fibrillin gene abnormalities are associated with Marfan's syndrome.
Type 1 collagen disorders are associated with osteogenesis imperfecta; it is the main type of collagen in tendon
and bone.
Type 3 collagen is the main component of reticular fibres.
Related Articles (BMJ)
Variability of aortic stiffness is not associated with the fibrillin 1 genotype in patients with Marfan’s
syndrome -- De Backer et al. 92 (7): 977 -- Heart
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Muscle fibrillin deficiency in Marfan’s syndrome myopathy -- Behan et al. 74 (5): 633 -- Journal of
Neurology, Neurosurgery Psychiatry
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Fibrillin and the eye -- ASHWORTH et al. 84 (11): 1312 -- British Journal of Ophthalmology
Read article
Question: 3 of 7 Time taken: 01:51
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The Extracellular Matrix (ECM)themedicalbiochemistrypage.orgthemedicalbiochemistrypage.or g/extracellularmatrix.phpThe Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
Which of the following does N-acetylcysteine replenish?
(Please select 1 option)
Cystathionine
Cytochrome P450
Glucuronyl transferase
Glutathione
Sulfatase
Question: 4 of 7 Time taken: 02:02Session Analysis
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
Which of the following does N-acetylcysteine replenish?
(Please select 1 option)
Cystathionine
Cytochrome P450
Glucuronyl transferase
Glutathione Correct
Sulfatase
Acetylcysteine, the N-acetyl derivative of the naturally occurring amino acid l-cysteine, is a mucolytic agent and
sulfhydryl donor acting as an antidote for paracetamol overdosage.
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Fadel 20 (4): 366 -- Emergency Medicine Journal
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N-acetylcysteine for prevention of radiocontrast induced nephrotoxicity: the importance of dose and
route of administration -- Shalansky et al. 91 (8): 997 -- Heart
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P-selectin upregulation in bleomycin induced lung injury in rats: effect of N-acetyl-l-cysteine --
Serrano-Mollar et al. 57 (7): 629 -- Thorax
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Question: 4 of 7 Time taken: 02:10
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
Which of the following genetic mutations is responsible for Marfan syndrome?
(Please select 1 option)
Collagen
Elastin
Fibrillin
Mircrofilament
Microtubule
Question: 5 of 7 Time taken: 02:20Session Analysis
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
Which of the following genetic mutations is responsible for Marfan syndrome?
(Please select 1 option)
Collagen
Elastin
Fibril lin Correct
Mircrofilament
Microtubule
Marfan syndrome occurs due to a mutation in the fibrillin gene.
Most patients, who are prone to develop an aortic aneurysm as a component of Marfan syndrome, can be
identified by detection of mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene.
Patients with the rarer form of Marfan syndrome, which is characterised by contractural arachnodactyly instead
of loose joints, can usually be identified by detection of a mutation in the fibrillin-2 gene that is similar in
structure to the gene for fibrillin-1.
Preliminary data suggest that patients with mutations in the fibrillin-2 gene are not prone to develop
aneurysms.
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Muscle fibrillin deficiency in Marfan’s syndrome myopathy -- Behan et al. 74 (5): 633 -- Journal of
Neurology, Neurosurgery Psychiatry
Read article
Fibrillin and the eye -- ASHWORTH et al. 84 (11): 1312 -- British Journal of Ophthalmology
Read article
The molecular genetics of Marfan syndrome and related microfibrillopathies -- Robinson and Godfrey
37 (1): 9 -- Journal of Medical Genetics
Read article
Question: 5 of 7 Time taken: 02:29
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Genetic linkage of the Marfansyndrome, ectopia lentis, and...www.ncbi.nlm.nih.govwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
Suppose you are attempting to find a disease-causing gene, and you have identified a number of families in
which the disease is transmitted.
If you have no knowledge of the gene product and no reasonable candidate locus, which of the following would
be the first technique you would be most likely to use?
(Please select 1 option)
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)
DNA sequencing
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH)
Linkage analysis
Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis
Question: 6 of 7 Time taken: 02:46Session Analysis
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
Suppose you are attempting to find a disease-causing gene, and you have identified a number of families in
which the disease is transmitted.
If you have no knowledge of the gene product and no reasonable candidate locus, which of the following would
be the first technique you would be most likely to use?
(Please select 1 option)
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)
DNA sequencing
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH)
Linkage analysis Correct
Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis
Linkage analysis is correct.
Southern blotting is a laboratory procedure in which DNA fragments that have been electrophoresed through a
gel are transferred to a solid membrane such as nitrocellulose. The DNA can then be hybridised with a labelled
probe and exposed to x ray film.
Somatic cell hybridisation is a physical gene-mapping technique in which somatic cells from two different
species are fused and allowed to undergo cell division. Chromosomes from one species are selectively lost
resulting in clones with only one or a few chromosomes from one of the species.
FISH is a molecular cytogenetic technique in which labelled probes are hybridised with chromosomes and then
visualised under a fluorescence microscope.
SSCP is a technique for detecting variation in DNA sequence by running single-stranded DNA fragments
through a non-denaturing gel. Fragments with differing secondary structure (conformation) caused by sequence
variation will migrate at different rates.
Related Articles (BMJ)
Should children with ADHD and normal intelligence be routinely screened for underlying cytogenetic
abnormalities? -- Stephen and Kindley 91 (10): 860 -- Archives of Disease in Childhood
Read article
High resolution comparative genomic hybridisation in clinical cytogenetics -- Kirchhoff et al. 38 (11):
740 -- Journal of Medical Genetics
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Cancer Cytogenetics: Methods and Protocols -- Chun 57 (1): 111 -- Journal of Clinical Pathology
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Question: 6 of 7 Time taken: 03:10
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
In one gene mapping technique, denatured deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from metaphase chromosomes is
hybridised with a radioactively labelled probe. This DNA is then exposed to film to reveal the approximate
chromosomal location of the DNA in the probe.
Which technique does this best describe?
(Please select 1 option)
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH)
In situ hybridisation
Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis
Southern blotting
Somatic cell hybridisation
Question: 7 of 7 Time taken: 03:30Session Analysis
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Work Smart Session - MRCP Part 1
In one gene mapping technique, denatured deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from metaphase chromosomes is
hybridised with a radioactively labelled probe. This DNA is then exposed to film to reveal the approximate
chromosomal location of the DNA in the probe.
Which technique does this best describe?
(Please select 1 option)
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH)
In situ hybridisation Correct
Single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis
Southern blotting
Somatic cell hybridisation
The technique described is 'in situ hybridisation'.
Southern blotting is a laboratory procedure in which DNA fragments that have been electrophoresed through a
gel are transferred to a solid membrane, such as nitrocellulose. The DNA can then be hybridised with a labelled
probe and exposed to x ray film.
Somatic cell hybridisation is a physical gene mapping technique in which somatic cells from two different
species are fused and allowed to undergo cell division. Chromosomes from one species are selectively lost,
resulting in clones with only one or a few chromosomes from one of the species.
FISH is a molecular cytogenetic technique in which labelled probes are hybridised with chromosomes and then
visualised under a fluorescence microscope.
SSCP is a technique for detecting variation in DNA sequence by running single-stranded DNA fragments
through a non-denaturing gel. Fragments with differing secondary structure (conformation) caused by sequence
variation will migrate at different rates.
Further reading:
Glossary of terms American Society of Hematology
Related Articles (BMJ)
Should children with ADHD and normal intelligence be routinely screened for underlying cytogenetic
abnormalities? -- Stephen and Kindley 91 (10): 860 -- Archives of Disease in Childhood
Read article
High resolution comparative genomic hybridisation in clinical cytogenetics -- Kirchhoff et al. 38 (11):
740 -- Journal of Medical Genetics
Read article
Question: 7 of 7 Time taken: 04:25
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Cytogenetics - Wikipedia, thefree encyclopediaen.wikipedia.orgen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytogenetics
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cytogenetic Search