On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military...
-
Upload
allison-gibson -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military...
![Page 1: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
On the Home Front
18.1 and 18.5
![Page 2: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Mobilization . . .Preparation for WarBoth Civilian and Military
Arsenal for Democracy SpeechFour Freedoms Speech
www.loc.gov
![Page 3: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
MilitaryTerm “GI”
Selective Training and Service Act of 1940
Increase in defense spending in 1940
www.qmmuseum.lee.army.mil
![Page 4: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Military DiversityMilitary was still segregatedAll races and ethnic groups served1M African-Americans served in total(Tuskegee Airmen)300,000 Mexicans served mostly in the Army25,000 Native Americans served
(Navajo Code Talkers)
![Page 5: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Financing the War
Huge increase in federal defense spending
$321B in total for the war effort
Sources of Funds
1. Increase in Taxes(creation of Payroll Deduction program)
2. War Bonds
3. Deficit Spending
![Page 6: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
WAR AGENCIESWAR PRODUCTION BOARD:
Conversion to wartime industriesAllocated raw materialsSet priorities for production
OFFICE OF WAR MOBILIZATION:
Umbrella agency to oversee all the war effort and agencies
![Page 7: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
WAR AGENCIESOFFICE OF WAR INFORMATION:
Work with media to create posters and ads to promote nationalism and patriotismSlogans
OFFICE OF PRICEADMINISTRATION
Control Inflation with wage and price controlsInstitute Rationing of scarce goods
![Page 8: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
OTHER PROGRAMSLiberty shipsCost-Plus ProgramDollar-a-Year federal agency headsNational production goals challengeVictory GardensVolunteer RecyclingBlackoutsCivil Defense Spotters
![Page 9: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Wartime Work ForceUnemployment < 2%Wages > +50%GDP > 200%Union membership > 15MSmith-Connally Act – limited strikesSecond Great MigrationBracero ProgramWomen
![Page 10: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
New Role for Women350,000 into the military in all areas except combat
Many new job opportunities35% of workforceNew confidence levels emerged
www.loc.gov
![Page 11: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Discrimination
WomenLower pay despite govt. regulationChildcare and home burdensIssues after the war with returning home
Native AmericansNew job opportunities off the reservations
Cultural change associated with urban life
![Page 12: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
DiscriminationMexican-AmericansBracero Program (Mexican Farm Labor)Increased immigrationBarriosZoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles
www.neatorama.com
![Page 13: On the Home Front 18.1 and 18.5. Mobilization... Preparation for War Both Civilian and Military Arsenal for Democracy Speech Four Freedoms Speech .](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020320/56649e5f5503460f94b58bfe/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Discrimination
African-AmericansHousing
Ghetto tenementsWorst neighborhoods50% substandard
EmploymentStill 1 of 5 joblessBlack women the most
Actions:1. “Double V” campaign2. A. Philip Randolph3. Executive Order 8802 (end discrimination in defense
plants)
4. FEPC (Fair Employment Practices Committee)
5. CORE (Congress of Racial Equality)