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On Field - Architecture, Planning, Engineering | · PDF file · 2016-10-10Colorado...
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On Field Examining Modern Outdoor Sports Facilities Perspective:
Transcript of On Field - Architecture, Planning, Engineering | · PDF file · 2016-10-10Colorado...
On FieldExamining Modern Outdoor Sports Facilities
Perspective:
Erik Kocher, AIA NCARB LEED AP BD+C | Principal
Tom Ohle, AIA LEED AP BD+C | Associate
• National Collegiate, Municipal, Corporate Architects
• $3.43 billion of Athletic & Recreation
• 360 Athletic & Recreation projects • 152 weight training center• 735 locker rooms
H+C Athletic & Recreation facility experience
H+C Outdoor facility experience
• 12.5 million sf of athletic fields• 30 outdoor field complexes• 26 football fields• 26 soccer fields
• 31 baseball fields• 33 softball fields• 47 press boxes• 145 concession stands
Collegiate experience:
East Central CollegeEastern Kentucky UniversityFinlandia UniversityFlorida Atlantic UniversityFlorida Gulf Coast UniversityFontbonne UniversityFort Valley State UniversityGeorge Washington UniversityGeorgia Institute of TechnologyGeorgia Southern UniversityGeorgia Southwestern State U.Georgia State UniversityGettysburg CollegeGrand Valley State UniversityGustavus Adolphus CollegeHanover CollegeHiram CollegeIllinois CollegeIllinois State UniversityIllinois Wesleyan UniversityIndiana State University Ivy Tech Community CollegeJacksonville UniversityJames Madison UniversityJohn Brown UniversityJohn Carroll UniversityJuniata CollegeKent State UniversityLake Superior State UniversityLindenwood UniversityLindsey Wilson CollegeLoma Linda University Longwood UniversityLouisiana State UniversityLoyola University New OrleansLuther CollegeMacalester CollegeMarian UniversityMarietta College
Adrian CollegeArkansas State UniversityAugustana College, ILAustin CollegeBainbridge CollegeBellarmine UniversityBerea CollegeBerry CollegeBowling Green State UniversityBradley UniversityCSU, Dominguez HillsCameron UniversityCapital UniversityCarleton CollegeCarnegie Mellon UniversityCarson-Newman University Carthage CollegeCase Western Reserve UniversityCatholic University of AmericaCentre CollegeChatham UniversityClarke UniversityClemson UniversityCoe CollegeCollege of Saint BenedictCollege of William and MaryColorado State UniversityColumbus State UniversityConcord University Cornell CollegeDarton CollegeDavidson CollegeDenison UniversityDePauw UniversityDoane CollegeDominican UniversityDrew UniversityDuke UniversityEarlham CollegeEast Carolina University
Marist CollegeMarshall UniversityMaryville UniversityMcKendree UniversityMiddle Georgia State College Millikin UniversityMillsaps College Minnesota State University MoorheadMissouri State UniversityMissouri U. of Science & TechnologyMonmouth CollegeMonmouth UniversityMorehead State UniversityMurray State UniversityNebraska Wesleyan UniversityNew York University Abu DhabiNewman UniversityNorth Carolina State UniversityNorthern Illinois UniversityOberlin CollegeOccidental CollegeOld Dominion University Otterbein University Penn State Erie, The Behrend CollegePrincipia CollegeQuincy UniversityRhodes CollegeRoanoke CollegeRollins CollegeRutgers UniversitySaint Louis UniversitySt. Mary’s UniversitySt. Norbert CollegeSeton Hill UniversitySewanee: University of the SouthShenandoah University
Slippery Rock UniversitySoutheast Missouri State UniversitySouthern Illinois U. CarbondaleSouthern Illinois U. EdwardsvilleSouthern Methodist UniversitySouthwestern UniversitySUNY College at CortlandTarleton State UniversityTemple UniversityTexas Lutheran UniversityTexas State Technical CollegeTexas Woman's UniversityThe College of WoosterThe Ohio State UniversityTransylvania UniversityTrinity UniversityTruman State UniversityUnion UniversityUnited States Air Force Academy University of Alabama at BirminghamUniversity of Alaska AnchorageUniversity of Central FloridaUniversity of Central MissouriUniversity of Central OklahomaUniversity of CharlestonUniversity of DaytonUniversity of DubuqueUniversity of IdahoUniversity of Illinois at SpringfieldUniversity of KentuckyUniversity of Mary Hardin-BaylorUniversity of Mary WashingtonUniversity of Memphis University of Minnesota University of Minnesota, Crookston University of Missouri-Columbia
University of Missouri-St. LouisUniversity of Mount Union University of Nebraska LincolnUniversity of Nebraska at Omaha University of Nevada, Las VegasUniversity of Nevada, Reno UNC at CharlotteUNC at Wilmington University of North DakotaUniversity of Northern Iowa University of OklahomaUniversity of Saint MaryUniversity of St. ThomasUniversity of South FloridaUniversity of Southern IndianaUniversity of Texas at TylerUniversity of ToledoUniversity of TulsaUniversity of UtahUniversity of WashingtonUniversity of West GeorgiaUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonUniversity of Wisconsin-River FallsUniversity of Wisconsin-WhitewaterUniversity of Wyoming Utah Valley UniversityValparaiso University Virginia Commonwealth UniversityVirginia Polytechnic InstituteWabash CollegeWartburg CollegeWashington & Jefferson CollegeWashington UniversityWest Virginia State UniversityWestern Illinois UniversityWestern Kentucky University
Public & Private K-12 experience:
City of CrestwoodCity of Creve CoeurCity of Dearborn HeightsCity of Des PeresCity of EaganCity of EurekaCity of FarmingtonCity of FergusonCity of FlorissantCity of Fort CollinsCity of Grand JunctionCity of Granite CityCity of GreensboroCity of JacksonCity of Jefferson CityCity of KirksvilleCity of Laramie
Boys & Girls Club St. CharlesCanton TownshipCity of ArnoldCity of ArvadaCity of AspenCity of Battle CreekCity of Bellefontaine NeighborsCity of BrentwoodCity of BridgetonCity of Centralia | Centralia FoundationCity of ChesapeakeCity of CheyenneCity of Chicago | Taxmann CompanyCity of ClaytonCity of ColumbusCity of Corning
City of LibertyCity of Long BeachCity of Maryland HeightsCity of MemphisCity of MissionCity of MorristownCity of OverlandCity of Rapid CityCity of Richmond HeightsCity of RifleCity of Rochester HillsCity of St. CharlesCity of St. Charles andShowMe Aquatics & FitnessCity of St. PetersCity of Shaker HeightsCity of Shrewsbury
City of Sparta City of SullivanCity of Sunset HillsCity of ThorntonCity of Town & CountryCity of UnionCity of VandaliaCity of Virginia BeachCity of Waverly and Wartburg CollegeCity of West ChesterDowners Grove ParksElmendorf Air Force BaseInnsbrook ResortJackson CountyJewish Community CenterLakeshore FoundationMissouri Athletic Club
Peoria Park DistrictSt. Charles CountySt. Louis County Library DistrictSt. Louis County Parks & RecreationSt. Louis Yacht & Sailing ClubSalvation ArmySchaeffer Foundation andSierra Nevada Community AquaticsTri-Township Park DistrictUnited State Army Corps of EngineersWashoe County Parks & RecreationWaterford TownshipWestlake Country ClubYWCA
The College SchoolCommunity School of NaplesCor Jesu AcademyDarlington SchoolEdwardsville School DistrictFenwick High SchoolFerguson-Florissant School Forsyth SchoolFort Zumwalt School DistrictFrancis Howell School District
Academy of the Sacred HeartAlton School DistrictArlington Heights School Barat AcademyBerkeley Preparatory SchoolThe Bolles SchoolCarmelite SistersChaminade College Preparatory SchoolCharlotte Country Day SchoolClayton School District
Girls Preparatory SchoolHagan AcademyHazelwood School DistrictHolly Area SchoolsJohn Burroughs SchoolLadue School DistrictThe Lawrenceville SchoolLutheran North High SchoolMary Institute and Country Day Schools
The McCallie SchoolMiriam SchoolOkemos Public SchoolsParkway School DistrictThe PrincipiaProvidence Day SchoolPulaski AcademyRossman SchoolRye Country Day SchoolSouth Lyon Community Schools
St. Joseph’s AcademySt. Louis ArchdioceseSaint Louis Priory SchoolSt. Louis Public SchoolsSt. Louis University High SchoolSweetwater County School DistrictSycamore SchoolsVilla Duchesne/Oak Hill SchoolThe Westminster School
Municipal experience:
1. Planning - Determine best building practices for designing and construction of outdoor athletic facilities
2. Trends - Understand the current climate and changes in the field sport venue market
3. Strategies - Learn details and concepts to maximize your surface, support facilities & site elements for all users
On Field Agenda/Objectives
• Integrated Design and Owner Team
• Survey/Testing, Soil boring, root-zone composition
• Space Programming, Scheduling & Operations & Maintenance
• Estimating - Construction Cost + Soft Cost = Total Project, Lifecycle ROI
On Field Planning: Overview
• Play• Sports• Athletics• Tournaments• Recreation • Leisure• Picnic• Fairs• Festivals• Conventions• Concerts• Rallies• Fireworks On Field Planning: Activities
• Public• Private
• Civic• Youth
• High School• Collegiate
• Athletes• Coaches
• Staff• Family
• Maintenance• Trainers
• SpectatorsOn Field Planning: Users
• 120x53.3yds• Goal Posts & Netting, Play clock• Sightlines, Team bench areas
On Field Types: Football Field
• 115-120x75-70yds• Goal Types & Tie downs, Ball stop netting• Team Benches
On Field Types: Soccer Field
• 115-120x75-70yds• Goal & Tie downs, Ball stop netting
On Field Types: Lacrosse Field
• 120x40 yds
On Field Types: Ultimate Field
• 91.4x55 m• Surface type, Ball stop
On Field Types: Field Hockey
• 330x400x330 ft, 8 ft fence• Skinned Area• 60 ft backstop radius, Netting/Fencing
On Field Types: Baseball
• 190x220x190 ft, 6 ft fence• Skinned Area• 30 ft backstop radius, Netting/Fencing
On Field Types: Softball
• 100(+ Goals 22 M) x70 M • Goal posts
On Field Types: Rugby Field
• Surfaces, Cages, Pads, Hurdles• Staging, Schedule
On Field Types: Track & Field
• 36x78 ft (60x120 ft footprint)
• Fencing & Entry/access, Separation, Screening
On Field Types: Tennis
• 18x9 M, end & sidelines• Netting
On Field Types: Volleyball
• Lawn• Hard Surfaces –Basketball, Hockey, Volleyball, Bocce• Playgrounds
On Field Types: Parks
• ADA• Code Jurisdiction/AHJ• International Field Hockey Association• NCAA – National Collegiate Athletic Association• NAIA – National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics• NFHS – National Federation of State High School Associations• IAAF - International Association of Athletics Federations
On Field Governing/Consulting
• ASBA - American Sports Builders Association• NRPA - National Recreation and Park Association• STC - Synthetic Turf Council• STMA - Sports Turf Managers Association
• SAFE - Safer Athletic Fields for Everyone• PGMS - Professional Grounds Management Society
On Field Trade Organizations
1. Planning - Determine best building practices for designing and construction of outdoor athletic facilities
2. Trends - Understand the current climate and changes in the field sport venue market
3. Strategies - Learn details and concepts to maximize your surface, support facilities & site elements for all users
On Field Agenda/Objectives
• Fan Experience/Engagement and Personalization• Physical and Technological, Whole family experience• Globalization of Home Field
On Field Trends
• Multi-Purpose Fields/Venue• Mixed Used – Sport, Public/Private, Athletic/Civic• Warm-up, Staging area, Moveable/portable equipment
On Field Trends
• Multi-Purpose Fields/Venue• Relationship & Adjacency
On Field Trends
• Shaded Bleacher Seating• Material – Aluminum, Steel, Glass Fabric/tensile
On Field Trends
• Eco Surveying/Environmental Commissioning Footprint, SWPPP, Impact Analysis Blend ecology with construction
On Field Trends
• Energy Saving Strategies for Intermittent Use facilities
• Recycling … Reuse, 2016 about 1000 fields or 80m sf will be replaced Infill reuse – looking at the age of the field
Carpet – processed and pelletized, cost deterrent
Composition of the carpets and ease of recycling
On Field Trends
• Analytics, Metering, Statistics Environmental, ROI/Financial
Athletic, Rules, In-game feedback
Medical
Entertainment
On Field Trends
1. Planning - Determine best building practices for designing and construction of outdoor athletic facilities
2. Trends - Understand the current climate and changes in the field sport venue market
3. Strategies - Learn details and concepts to maximize your surface, support facilities & site elements for all users
On Field Agenda/Objectives
• Selection Criteria• Extended use, • Weather, Schedule• Maintenance• Wear• Esthetic
• A well maintained natural turf field is not necessarily more expensive or more difficult to maintain. Requires More Knowledge/variety.
• Proper planning, construction and O&M from pre-con to post-con
On Field Surfaces
• Cost per STMA (2) Reports• Natural with Onsite Native Soil $0.60-1.50 per sf• Natural Turf Grass with Native Soil $1.25-5.00 per sf• Natural with sand cap $3.00-6.50 per sf• Natural with sand and drainage $5.00-10.00 per sf• Synthetic (Carpet & Base) $4.25-11.00 per sf
On Field Surfaces
• Climate Zone/Season• Cool, Transitional, Warm
• Drainage/Crown• Soil and Root Zones• Sod/Seed Species Type
• Bluegrass, Fescue, ryegrass, bentgrass, Bermuda• National Turfgrass Evaluation Program
On Field Surfaces: Turf Grass
• Datum/Marker Stakes, Field Striping• Surface Performance Data
• Testing, Studies, Industry Standards (GMax, ASTM)• GMax averages 50-84
• Maintenance $20-30k/field a year (equipment/person hours)• Mowing, Irrigation, Fertilizing, Weed/Pest control,
Aeration/Topdressing, Seeding/sprigging
On Field Surfaces: Turf Grass
• Synthetic Fields• 11000+ fields currently installed• tout infill or fiber or backing & mix
• it’s all about play and feel • Company/installer quality
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass
• Site prep – Excavation & Grading• Where does the dirt go? Having a location is big cost savings
• Crown of the field - .5% (1% Turf Grass)
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass
• Soil Stabilization• 96% of synthetic turf fields require Stabilization• materials include: CodeL, Quickime, Cement, Hydrated Lime, Fly Ash• Products will vary due to soil conditions
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass
• Concrete Curbs• Tolerances for a curb are ¼” per 10’• concrete curb, 6” x 12” curb with (2) number four rebar continuous• 2x4 treated lumber fastened to the concrete for turf attachment
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass
• Drainage Collection• Perimeter collection pipe into existing or new outlet, manhole• Typical sizes include 10”, 12”, and 15” pipe, recommend no less than 10”
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass
• Drainage Field• Fabric stops subgrade migration
• Fabric with a minimum 12” overlap• Drains laid in a herringbone pattern
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass
• Stone Work• Minimum 4 inches thick stone base drainage course • Surface stone installation, typically 2 inches thick and 3/8” chip• Tolerances ¼ inch in 25 feet• 2-D or 3-D laser technology
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass• System Weight, 60-110oz• Fiber
• Length – ½” thru 2 ½”, field type specific• Blade type
• Slit • Mono• Dual• Thatch fiber
• Resin type – C4 C6 C8• Weight –40-50 oz, 225-360 microns
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass• Backing Material
• Weight – 25-45 oz• Layers, Woven/Non-Woven, Drainage• Optional Pad layer • Roll Width & Spacing
• Cutting/Seaming of Rolls, Stich type
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass• Backing Material
• Adhesive or Urethane• Secure top shield, Durable foundation, Dimensional stability• Improved fiber retention Enhanced seaming properties
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass• Backing Material
GridCorn rows
Seams
Flat seamLap seamAdhered seam
Chemical seam
Flat weld
Sewn seam Sewn & glued seam
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass• Backing Material
• Seaming
• Infill composition – 6-9lbs sf, 550-750k lbs per field• Crumb Rubber, Sand • Alternatives
• EPDM, Organic Infill – Cork/Coconut, Coated/colored sands, TPE (Thermoplastic Elastomer)
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass
• Cost of Infill 90,000 sf Field (Inside track)• Ambient Rubber $50,000 (Ground)• Cryogenic Rubber $100,000 (Frozen & Ground)• Silica Sand $15,000 (+ Pad)• Angular Sand $2,000 • Pad $130,000 where applicable• Coated Sand – Rubber (green) $150,000 (+ Pad)• Color - Coated Rubber $220,000• EPDM - Virgin Rubber $360,000 • TPE – Extruded Plastic Pellets $360,000 (+Pad)• Corn Husk, Cork & Coconut Infill $300,000
On Field Surface: Synthetic Grass (Gale Associates & STMA)
• Clay, Sand• Artificial carpet (field hockey)• Resilient sports flooring (tracks, roller Hockey)
On Field Surfaces: Alternatives
• Installation/delivery• Design-Build GC, Turnkey Contractors• Design-Bid-Build• Experience, Attention to detail, Logos• Geographical location
On Field Surface
• Warranty• Verify Manufacture & Installers Financial standing • Check references• visit existing fields• Consult with non-biased third party. • Components – Labor/Materials, Length (Pre-paid/Third Party), Prorated,
exclusions, inspections, maintenance contracts• Synthetic – 8-10yr• Turf grass – 12 month
On Field Surface
On Field Surface• Safety – Heat Island
• Synthetic Turf has higher surface temp, on average 40º F hotter• Hottest surface recorded was 200º F on a 98º F day
• Irrigation• Tests have shown initial reduction, rebound in 20 mins,• 10 degrees cooler than non-watered fields 3 hrs
• Infill media/colored – not shown a marked reduction 3-10º F • Turf grass temperature remains flat independent of air temperature
On Field Surface• Safety – Metallic Content
• Oct/Nov 2015 & October 2014 NBC link ‘crumb rubber’ and health concerns specifically cancer• Correlate 64 cases of blood cancer and synthetic turf use
• Rubber Contains Lead, Zinc, Benzene Mercury, etc, carcinogens.• all states limit disposal is restricted• Rubber is vulcanized making elements inert
On Field Surface• Safety – Metallic Content
• No research has shown a link between cancer and synthetic• (51) EPA, CPSC (Consumer Product Safety Commission), STC
(Synthetic Turf Council) STMA• No research has measured the risk of ingesting crumb rubber
orally• Currently no governing body has made an official comment
• Alternate infills
On Field Surface• Safety – Bacterial Pathogens/MRSA/Staph Infections
• Synthetic turf itself does not harbor bacterial pathogens, MRSA,• organics on turf or grass can foster microbial growth however
• Synthetic infill containing a sand/rubber mixture has 50,000 times higher levels of bacteria than infill made of rubber alone• Synthetic turf requires fields be sanitized
• as often as twice a month & spot cleanings • Spray applied cleaner, hand or mechanical, bleach and water
• Synthetics have shown an increased rate of ‘burn’ type injuries• Focus on Athlete to athlete contact & treatment factors
On Field Surface• Safety – Injuries
• evidence showing higher player injury on artificial turf. • "... knee sprains as a whole were 22% higher on synthetics than on
turf grass. MCL sprains did not occur at a rate significantly higher than on grass, rates of ACL sprains were 67% higher on synthetics.“• American Journal of Sports Medicine, Elliott B.
• May 2012, American Journal of Sports Medicine, observed that rates of ACL tears were higher on synthetic than on turf grass.
• 2008 Michigan State University studies showed turf grass to have the lowest torque for rotational resistance of cleated shoes.
1. Planning - Determine best building practices for designing and construction of outdoor athletic facilities
2. Trends - Understand the current climate and changes in the field sport venue market
3. Strategies - Learn details and concepts to maximize your surface, support facilities & site elements for all users
On Field Agenda/Objectives
• Types Bleacher/seat back• Earth- hill/berm• Aluminum/Hybrid $150-350/seat, variety of framing, plank, seating &
railing options, Tip & Roll, Moveable, Trailer • Concrete, CIP or Precast $250+/seat
• Height, Viewing/Angles, Sheltered
On Field Support Facilities: Seating
• Coaches, Press, SID, Radio, TV/Video Suites, Toilets, Kitchenettes, Filming• Visibility, Acoustics• Square Footage Requirements – Elevator, Toilet Access, mechanical
On Field Support Facilities: Press box
On Field Support Facilities: Filming
• Location, Use – Game/display/entertainment• View/angle• Permanent, Remote, Temporary• Sheltering
On Field Support Facilities: Scoreboard, AV
• Location/Scope• Standard $15,000-40,000/board• Video 40,000-300,000+/board• Play clock $12,000/clock
On Field Support Facilities: Concessions
• Indoor/outdoor relationship • Private provider, Outside vendors• Pre-package/cooking/grilles/grease traps/hoods/fire suppression • Finishes, Menu• Delivery options• Trash removal
On Field Support Facilities: Ticketing
• Permanent/temporary, Integrated/stand alone • Private Provider, Outside vendor • Security & access
On Field Support Facilities: Retail & Merchandise
• Private Provider, Outside vendor • Permanent/temporary, Kiosk, Store front
On Field Support Facilities: Toilets
• Code compliance – water closet, lavatory, shower• Permanent / temporary / portable• Finishes, Durability
On Field Support Facilities: Locker/Changing
• Adjacency, Scope, Schedule, Home/Visitor• In room meeting space, AV • Lounge• Finishes, Durability
On Field Support Facilities: Training
• Treatment, injury, rehabilitation, taping,• On field support – water, ice• Finishes, Durability
On Field Support Facilities: Dugouts
• Fencing/Railing/Protection• On grade or recessed – ADA access• Storage, Seating, Racks, Toilet• Benches
On Field Support Facilities: Storage
• Field/Maintenance Equipment • Tractor, Sprayer, Groomer, Spreader, Painting, Mower, Trimmer, Extra
Fill ($70,000-110-000 FF&E Budget) • Playing Equipment
• Padding, pylons, flags, benches, chairs, bench screens, head sets, goals, goalposts, balls, protective covers (2% Construction Budget)
1. Planning - Determine best building practices for designing and construction of outdoor athletic facilities
2. Trends - Understand the current climate and changes in the field sport venue market
3. Strategies - Learn details and concepts to maximize your surface, support facilities & site elements for all users
On Field Agenda/Objectives
On Field Site Elements: Signage & Way Finding
• Location, Location, Location• Branding, Acknowledgement, Recognition• Site component integration
On Field Site Elements: Parking
• Location – On/Off site, • Cognitive reasoning, Adjacency, Site entry, First Impression• Lot, street• Surface – Concrete, Asphalt, Permeable, Stabilized softscape
On Field Site Elements: Hardscape
• Walks – concrete, asphalt, cinder/rock paths• Circulation, User/spectator interaction• Home/Visitor Dynamic
On Field Site Elements: Fencing & Netting
• Access/Security, Control, Wayfinding, Separation• Ornamental $50-80/lf• Chain link $30/LF• Netting –
• Ball Stop 20’ $70/lf, Field Goal 40’• $125/lf, Backstop $90/lf
On Field Site Elements: Flags/Bike Racks
• Location, Adjacency• Ceremony• Conference recognition
On Field Site Elements: Emergency
• Field access/route & Plan – Fire truck, Ambulance• surface bearing capacity
• Fire Extinguisher, AED• Hydrant locations• Emergency staging area
On Field Site Elements: Electrical & Comm
• Field Boxes, Hand Holes, Transformer, Gear, Panels, WAP’s• Conduit routing, Phasing of utilities, Future expansion• Photovoltaic
On Field Site Elements: Lighting
• Field/Event Lighting –Poles $60,000/pole (+30% LED), $10,000/rough-in• Proprietary or open source, Maintenance• Site/ADA/Circulation/Accent/Parking – Height & spacing• Temporary• Site Constraints, Pollution, Zero Cut-off
On Field Site Elements: Plumbing
• Manholes, hand holes, clean-outs• Drinking water/fountains• Watering/irrigation/conduit
On Field Site Elements: Softscape
• Plantings, trees, ground cover, planters• Low impact, maintenance
1. Planning - Determine best building practices for designing and construction of outdoor athletic facilities
2. Trends - Understand the current climate and changes in the field sport venue market
3. Strategies - Learn details and concepts to maximize your surface, support facilities & site elements for all users
On Field Questions
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