On Farm Hygiene & Bio-security · Bio-security principles The three principle elements of...
Transcript of On Farm Hygiene & Bio-security · Bio-security principles The three principle elements of...
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On Farm
Hygiene & Bio-security
Dr. Stephen Graham
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Introduction
What is Bio-security?
A pro-active approach to reduce the risk of
disease entering a farm, site or being spread
further afield
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Disease challenges
• Newcastle
disease
• Gumboro
• Avian Influenza
• E.coli
• Salmonella
• Mycoplasma
•Campylobacter
• Aspergillosis
• Mould
• Mycotoxins
• Coccidiosis
• Intestinal worms
• Lice & Mites
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Disease spread
How disease is spread:
• People
• Vehicles
• Equipment
• Carrier animals (wild birds, mice/rats or foxes)
• Faecal materials
• Body discharges
• Contaminated feed and water
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Bio-security principles
The three principle elements of bio-security are:
Segregation
• Physical or virtual barriers to help limit the spread of infection.
Cleaning
• Cleaning will remove most of the organic matter and reduce the overall
environmental bio-burden to enable chemical disinfectants to work
effectively.
Disinfection
• Properly applied, instant acting disinfection will inactivate any micro-
organisms that are still present after the cleaning process.
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Retailer
Processor/packer Hatchery
Farm
Grandparent Flock
Parent Flock
Consumer
Bio-security
measures should be
practiced
continually at every step
of the supply chain
to limit the spread of
disease within our industry.
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Benefits of bio-security
Good Bio-security will help to:
• Prevent the entry of disease onto your farm
• Prevent disease entry into your birds
• Prevent disease spread within your farm
• Limit the spread of disease between farms in the area
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Benefits of Bio-security
• Improve profitability of a flock
• Can’t eliminate all diseases but can significantly
minimise and reduce risk
Its in your interest. Sick birds don’t lay and
will not perform to their maximum potential
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What can I do?
What can I do?
•Keep doors locked
• Prevent entry to site and house unless essential
• Check where visitor has been and how long ago, as
this could to put your birds at risk
If in doubt ask your vet, processor or packer
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What can I do?
• Be familiar with DARD local risk assessment
• Provide visitors with protective clothing
• Avoid contact with back yard flocks
• Keep a visitors book and complete
before allowing access to site, not after visit is
over!!
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Preparing for a new flock
After bird removal:
• Blow down house from top to bottom and remove
litter/manure
• Wash house and all equipment using recommended detergent
at recommended dosage (Use Manufactures PPE for all
procedures)
• Disinfect house, drinking lines, feed system and perches using
approved disinfectant at recommended dosage
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Preparing for a new flock
• Wash and disinfect all slats, perches and any other removable
equipment
• Fumigate house, using approved fumigant at recommended
dosage following manufactures H&S instructions
• Swab internal surfaces and prepare house for new flock
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Arrival on site
Outside site:
•Contact farmer/owner
•Do not proceed without approval/permission
•Always be aware of possible risk you may bring to
a farm
If in any doubt do not proceed
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When entering site
Entering site:
•Only allow essential vehicles – Fields person, chick
lorries, feed lorries and catching/egg collection lorries
onto the bio-secure area
•Spray wheels and wheel arches, close gate/barrier
behind you and only drive on to site if it is necessary
•When getting out of vehicle put on PPE immediately
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Personal Protective Equipment
PPE required:
• Disposable overshoes
• Disposable boiler suit with
hood
• Face mask
• Second set of overshoes or house specific
wellingtons for inside house
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PPE
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Entering house
Entering poultry house: (Minimum specs)
• Dip feet outside house door
•Wash hands then sanitise with alcohol gel
• Put second set of overshoes on when entering clean
area over the barrier systems (which is now part of ACP
standard)
• Dip feet again before entering poultry flock
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Foot dip management
Foot dip management:
• Needs managed properly
• Use approved instant acting disinfectant at proper
concentration as specified on label and not diluted
by rainwater
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Foot dip management
Foot dip management:
• Need to change weekly or more frequently as foot
dip gets a lot of use and becomes increasingly dirty
• Don't dip grossly contaminated boots (can’t
disinfect dirt)
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Foot dip with cover
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Keep foot-dip full
• Looks nice and
clean but will
not help keep
disease out!!
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30cm barrier
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Wash and sanitise hands
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Exiting house
Exiting poultry house:
• Knock off litter/manure on feet and dip feet coming out of
flock
• Remove second set of overshoes and step over barrier
• Wash hands then sanitise with alcohol gel
• Remove remaining PPE and leave on site
• Leave site
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Double barrier design
Double barrier design:
• All PPE on outside and dip feet outside house door
• Red area: Entrance of house- Visitors including tech staff put a 2nd
pair of over shoes on in this area as the sit on first barrier
• In "AMBER" zone farmer/visitors must wash their hands.
• Sit on second barrier and farmer puts on house specific
wellingtons/shoes which are located in "GREEN" area.
•This footwear never leaves the green area. Visitors put a 3rd pair of
overshoes on entering green area.
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• Farmer puts on dust coat and cap in green area and sanitises his
hands with alcohol sanitizer before entering bird area. Visitors also
sanitize hands.
•Dead bird are collected in bucket which always stays in green area -
birds are tipped over high barrier into receptacle which always stays
in the red area and is emptied into fallen stock bin.
•When exiting house visitors remove each layer of overshoes as they
leave each area disposing in the bin which is located in amber area.
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Double barrier system
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Rodents
Rodent protection:
• Rodent site plan
• Can carry:- Salmonella, pasteurella and E. coli
• Keep vegetation cut, enclosed bait boxes, keep bait boxes in
place and check regularly
• Independent facilitator or trained person to maintain
•Clean up feed spills/leaks immediately and maintain feed bins
as this can cause contamination
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Wild birds/hobby flocks
Prevent and control by:
• Clearing up feed spillages
• Maintaining range free from standing water
• Don’t encourage wild birds onto range
• Discourage keeping back yard poultry when
working with commercial poultry
• IB, Mg, APV, ILT
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Mortality
Mortality:
• Remove dead birds and culls daily
• Remove from poultry house in bucket
• Remove from house to fallen stock bin
• Bin must be covered and locked
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Water Bio-security
Water: • Many Bacteria such as E. Coli, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas,
Salmonella, as well as Enterococci and Clostridium perfringens
can survive in water so care should be taken to provide a clean
fresh source.
• Bacteria will hide in bio-film and if allowed will multiply
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Bio-film
• How is it formed:
– Organic particles (in water, through nipples)
– Closed systems (low flow, low turbulence)
– High temperature
– Added products (sugar carriers)
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Bio-film –What can you do?
Remove the bio-film:
• Can use a Hydrogen Peroxide product
• Make sure product states that it removes bio-film
• Fill the whole drinking system
• Don’t forget the tanks!
• Leave for 24h
• Flush the system out
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Thank you