olume 6 #12 Number 73 y 2008 , a solution at hand ound $100 · NGV bus market om al OEMs Italy o be...

NGV bus market

Opinions from

several OEMs

Italy

Self-service to be

allowed this 2008

Volume 6 #12

Number 73

February 2008

NGV, a solution at hand

Oil is around $100

Because of economics, ecology and energy

diversification, CNG is the answer today

2 February 2008 Gas Vehicles Report

BRAZILAv. Rio Branco, 131 Sala 1.701CEP: 20040-006 ■ Rio de Janeiro - RJTel: + (55 21) [email protected] ■ www.folhadognv.com

KOREA300-5 ■ Changchon-Ri ■ Namsan-MyunChuncheon-Si ■ Kangwon-Do ■ 200-911 KOREATel./Fax: +82-33-260-3419E-mail: [email protected]

ARGENTINAUspallata 711 ■ CP 1268 ■ Capital Federal ■ ArgentinaTel./Fax: +54 11 43074559 /5201/ 43006137 E-mail: [email protected]

Visit: www.ngvguide.com - www.ngvgroup.comSubscriptions: [email protected]

Printed: Rigraph S.R.L.• Constitución 4, 28.511 Madrid - España• Tilcara 3.146, Buenos AiresMember of ENGVA

Consumers: It’s a good deal to buy an NGV

OEM NGV prices and fuel consumption/saving in Germany

NGV news

IANGV: Government involvement in CNG Programs - Part 2

Germany: from Berlin to Bangkok on a low flame

CNG & H2 Critical Issues Workshop

NGV Buses: solution at hand for the public transport

NGVAmerica: info from the United States

NGV’s statistics balance

Worldwide NGV statistics

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The GVR: 2008 Journalistic timetable and NGV events

#Edition Month Deadline Special Report Events with massive distribution

The Gas Ve hi cles Re port is a pu bli ca tion of NGV Com mu ni ca tionsGroup, pu blis hing hou se and fairs-con fe ren ces or ga ni zer:www.ngv group .com. In Eu ro pe, it al so pro du ces the In ter na tio nalNGV Gui de. In Ko rea, Asian NGV Com mu ni ca tions. In Ar gen ti na, theGroup pu blis hes Pren sa Ve hi cu lar, Ar gen ti ne CNG Gui de, maps,books and bro chu res. In Bra zil, it pu blis hes Fol ha do GNV,Bra zi lian NGV Gui de, maps, pos ters, among ot hers. Sig ned ar ti clesare ex clu si ve res pon si bi lity of the aut hors, as well as ad ver ti singcom pa nies and agen cies are res pon si ble for the pu blis hed ads.

PERUAv. Brasil 3222 Oficina 403A Magdalena del MarRUC: 20513085576 ■ CP: Lima [email protected]

72 January November 30th LNG vehicles and fuelling facilities 73 February December 20th NG buses: how OEMs see the market place74 March January 25th Biogas projects in Europe 78th International Motor Show, 6-16 March Geneva, Switzerland75 April February 22nd Opinions from compressor manufacturers 14th ENGVA Conference, April Madrid, Spain76 May March 25th The world of valve and other component manufacturers 77 June April 18th Methane markets in Europe, USA, and Canada NGV 2008. 3-5 June, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil78 July May 19 th NGV 2008 balance79 August June 25th Vehicle conversion market in Europe: the companies and the technology80 September July 25th Special edition for Torino event 2nd World Fair of NGV, biogas & H2V, 25-27 September, Turin, Italy81 October August 25th Balance of the Torino event82 November September 19th The voice of cylinder suppliers83 December October 24th NGV statistics balance: the progress of 2008 activities


It's a good deal to buy an NGV

Mercedes-Benz E-Class, Sedan with bivalent natural gasdrive: E 200 NGTPrice for the base model E200Kompressor (incl. automatic transmission): 32.100 Euro.Extra costs for natural gas Technology: 2.950 EuroTotal: 35.050 Euro (German prices, without VAT)Price for a comparable diesel car: E 220 CDI (incl. automatic transmission and particulate filter): 33.400 Euro (German prices, without VAT)

Mer ce des Benz E 200 NGT

Vehicle model NGV price in Italy with incentivesfor private citizens - March 2007

Gasoline Diesel versioni 5porteparità di allestimento tra lemotorizzazioniincentivi governativiper metano

Engine Euro Engine Euro Engine EuroPanda 1.2 11,450 1.2 10050 1.3 11980Punto 1.2 13,000 1.2 13000 1.3 14400Multipla 1.6 20,500 1.6 19000 1.9 21720Doblo 1.6 16,110 1.4 14740 1.3 17060

Vehicle model Vehicle type NGV Gasoline

Engine Euro Engine Euro

Gasoline

Engine EuroBerlingo Multispace Plus Passenger car 1.4i 19.200 1.4i 16.240 1.9D 16.870Berlingo Kastenwagen 600 Van 1.4i 15.358 1.4i 12.574 1.9D 13.096Jumper Kastenwagen 33MH Van 2.0i 28.942 - - 2.2HDI 25.810

Fiat

Citroen

Zafira

List price in Euro

1.9 DTI 1.6 CNGEcotec

TwinportEcotec

21,21023,720Energy consumption per 100 km 6.00 5.00 7.30Price per energy unit in Euro 1.16 0.86 1.37Cost per 100km in Euro 6.96 4.30 10.00Total fuel cost/year in Euro 1,044.00 645.00 1,500.15Insurance/year in Euro 650.00 514.00 514.00Vehicle tax in Euro 309.00 108.00 108.00Total cost/year in Euro 2,003.00 1,267.00 2,122.15Difference relative to diesel/gasoline 736.00 855.15Amortisation in years 0 2.84

Opel Zafira: cost calculation at 15.000 km/year

23,640

Diesel CNG PetrolList of price (incl. VAT) 23,720 23,640 21,210Running cost 1 year 0 0 0Running cost 2 year 0 0 0Running cost 3 year 0 0 0Total cost after 3 years 23,720 23,640 21,210Residual value after 3 years and 45.000 km 13,150 13,697 11,113Total cost after purchase 10,570 9,943 10,097Advantage CNG 627 154

Opel Zafira: cost calculation (German prices 2007)

Zafira

List price in Euro

1.7 CDTI(Diesel)

1.6 CNG 1.4Gasoline

14,56216,532Operating costsEnergy consumption 5.40 4.90 6.5Price per l/kg in Euro 1.16 0.86 1.37Cost per 100 km in Euro 6.26 4.21 8.905Annual fuel cost 939.60 632.10 1,335.75Annual insurance cost 727.00 532.00 532.00Vehicle tax 262.48 108.00 95.00Total cost/annum 1,929.08 1,272.10 1,962.75Difference vs diesel/gasoline 656.98 690.65Amortisation time (years) 2.8 5.5

Opel Combo: cost calculation at 15,000 km/year

18,394

Diesel CNG PetrolList of price (incl. VAT) 16,532 18,394 14,562Running cost 1 year 1,929 1,272 1,963Running cost 2 year 1,929 1,272 1,963Running cost 3 year 1,929 1,272 1,963Total cost after 3 years 22,319 22,210 20,450Residual value after 3 years and 45.000 km 6,943 7,725 5,752Total cost after purchase 15,376 14,485 14,698Advantage CNG 891 213

Opel Combo: cost calculation (German prices 2007)


OEM NGV prices and fuel consumption/saving in GermanyEmission standard 14,670 15,970 15,764Emission standard Euro 4 Euro 4 98/69 EG l; B≈Euro 4Fuel Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 6.5 5.2 7.4 6.2 7.4 6.2Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 1,300 1,040 1,480 1,240 1,480 1,240Fuel cost/year (Euro) 1,625 884 1,850 1,054 1,850 1,054CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 741 - 796 - 796CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 2,223 - 2,388 - 2,388

CITROËN C3 1.4 Erdgas Berlingo Multispace Plus 1.4 bivalent Berlingo Kastenwagen 600 1.4 bivalent

FIAT Punto Natural Power Multipla Natural Power Dobló 1.6 16V Natural Power Dobló 1.6 Cargo Natural Power

FORD Focus C-MAX CNG Transit CNG Kasten und Kombi (3 version) Transit CNG Pritschenwagen Einzelkabine

MERCEDES BENZ Sprinter NGT Pritsche Doppelkabine

MERCEDES BENZ E200 NGT Sprinter NGT Combi Sprinter NGT Kastenwagen Sprinter NGT Pritsche Einzelkabine

OPEL Zafira 1.6 CNG Monovalent Plus Combo 1.6 CNG Monovalent Plus Combo Kastenwagen 1.6 CNG Monovalent Plus

PEUGEOT Partner P. 75 bivalent Partner P. GNV Kastenwagen 190 C bivalent Boxer Großraumkastenwagen 330 mh bivalent

VOLKSWAGEN Toruan EcoFuel Caddy Life EcoFuel Caddy Kombi EcoFuel Caddy Kastenwagen EcoFuel Golf Variant 2.0 biFuel

NGV price (Euro) 13,990 21,690 17,540 15,057Emission standard Euro 3/D4 Euro 4 Euro 4 Euro 4Fuel Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 6.3 4.3 9.0 6.3 9.2 6.3 9.2 6.3Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 1,260 860 1,800 1,260 1,840 1,260 1,840 1,260Fuel cost/year (Euro) 1,575 731 2,250 1,071 2,300 1,071 2,300 1,071CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 844 - 1,179 - 1,229 - 1,229CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 2,532 - 3,537 - 3,687 - 3,687

NGV price (Euro) 22,925 31,616/33,147/33,843 31,523Emission standard Euro 4 Euro 3 Euro 3Fuel Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 7.3 6.3 11.0 8.6 11.0 8.6Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 1,460 1,260 2,200 1,720 2,200 1,720Fuel cost/year (Euro) 1,825 1,071 2,750 1,462 2,750 1,462CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 754 - 1,288 - 1,288CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 2,262 - 3,864 - 3,864

NGV price (Euro) 18,800 17,110 29,464Emission standard Euro 4 98/69 EG I; A (≈Euro 3) 98/69 EG III; A (≈Euro 3)Fuel Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 7.8 6.9 7.8 6.9 13.2 10.7Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 1,560 1,380 1,560 1,380 2,640 2,140Fuel cost/year (Euro) 1,950 1,173 1,950 1,173 3,300 1,819CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 777 - 777 - 1,481CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 2,331 - 2,331 - 4,443

NGV price (Euro) 42,154 41,543 35,854 37,632Emission standard Euro 4 Euro 4/EEV Euro 4/EEV Euro 4/EEVFuel Gasoline CNG CNG CNG CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 9.0 6.1 10.9 10.9 10.9Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 1,800 1,220 2,180 2,180 2,180Fuel cost/year (Euro) 2,250 1,037 1,853 1,853 1,853CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 1,213 - - -CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 3,639 - - -

NGV price (Euro) 43,549Emission standard Euro 4/EEVFuel CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 10.9Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 2,180Fuel cost/year (Euro) 1,853CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) -CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) -

NGV price (€) incl. VAT 23.640 18.580 17.737Emission standard Euro 4 Euro 4 Euro 4Fuel CNG CNG CNGFuel consumption/100 km (kg or Nm3) 5,0 4,9 4,9Fuel consumption/year (kg or Nm3) 1.000 980 980Fuel cost/year (€) 860 843 843

NGV price (Euro) 23,355 19,894 18,937 18,831 24,475Emission standard Euro 4 Euro 4 Euro 4 Euro 4 Euro 4Fuel Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 10.0 5.9 10.0 6.0 10.0 6.0 10.0 6.0 8.1 6.0Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 2,000 1,180 2,000 1,200 2,000 1,200 2,000 1,200 1,620 1,200Fuel cost/year (Euro) 2,500 1,003 2,500 1,020 2,500 1,020 2,500 1,020 2,025 1,020CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 1,497 - 1,480 - 1,480 - 1,480 - 1,005CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 4,491 - 4,440 - 4,440 - 4,440 - 3,015

7February 2008 Gas Vehicles Report

Mileage/year: 20.000 km.Premium gasoline price in Germany, March 2006was 1.25 Euro/litre.CNG price in Germany, January 2006 was 0.85Euro/kg = 0.70 Euro/Nm3.The CNG price in Germany is measured by kg.The normal density of CNG is 0.82 kg/Nm3.Data fuel consumption: EON Ruhrgas, Peugeot.

Dri ving con cept of VW Tou ran and Caddy is qua si-mo no va lent (ga so li ne = re ser ve fuel).En gi nes for qua si-mo no va lent ve hi clessuch as the Tou ran and the CaddyEco Fuel are spe cially de sig ned torun on na tu ral gas. This pro du ces op ti mi sed fuelcon sump tion and lo wer po llu tant emis sions for gas ope ra tion.

References:

NGV price (Euro) 30,220 34,820Emission standard Euro 4 Euro 4Fuel Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 8.8 6.8 9.1 7.2Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 1,760 1,360 1,820 1,440Fuel cost/year (Euro) 2,200 1,156 2,275 1,224CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 1,044 - 1,051CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 3,132 - 3,153

NGV price (Euro) incl. VAT 22.230Emission standard EURO4Fuel CNGFuel consumption / 100 km (kg) 4,9Fuel consumption / year/ (kg) 980Fuel cost year (Euro) 833

NGV price (Euro) 28,304 27,376Emission standard Euro 3 Euro 3Fuel Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 13.2 9.3 13.2 9.3Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 2,640 1,860 2,640 1,860Fuel cost/year (Euro) 3,300 1,581 3,300 1,581CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 1,719 - 1,719CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 5,157 - 5,157

NGV price (Euro) 34,916Emission standard EEVFuel CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 13.0Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 2,600Fuel cost/year (Euro) 2,210

NGV price (Euro) - 15,451Emission standard Euro 4 Euro 4Fuel Gasoline CNG Gasoline CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 7.8 5.8 7.8 5.8Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 1,560 1,160 1,560 1,160Fuel cost/year (Euro) 1,950 986 1,950 986CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 964 - 964CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 2,892 - 2,892

NGV price (Euro) 36,395Emission standard Euro 3Fuel Gasoline CNGFuel consumption/100 km (litre or kg) 11.0 8.6Fuel consumption/year (litre or kg) 2,200 1,720Fuel cost/year (Euro) 2,750 1,462CNG fuel saving/year (Euro) - 1,288CNG fuel saving in 3 years (Euro) - 3,864

OPEL Combo Sport 1.6 CNG Monvalent Plus

IVECO Daily (35 S 11 GV)

RENAULT Kangoo Erdgas Kangoo Rapid Erdgas

FIAT Ducato Combi Natural Power Ducato Kastenwagen Natural Power

FORD Ford Transit CNG Pritschenwagen DoppelKabine

VOLVO Volvo S60 Volvo V70


English

The worldBy mid December 2007, there wereabout 7.5 M NGVs reported to theGVR, adding almost 6 M vehiclessince 2001 when only 1.7 Mmethane units were operated in theworld.

With a growth rate of 18% yearlythere will be 65M methane vehiclesin the world by 2020. It would meanreduced oil consumption by 7M barrel/day, some 400 B Nm3 additional gas sales from transportsector, and tens of thousands moreNG refuelling stations to be added.

EuropeWith an annual market growth of11%, by end 2007, Europe has749,000 NGVs, incorporating about74,000 vehicles to the 675,000registered in 2006. A 5% growth inrefuelling facilities was shown in2006-2007 as about 105 NG stations were added last year. By December 2007, 2,415 stationswere in service. Bigger development in 2008 is

predicted as, for example, countrieslike Spain issued regulations to allowLDVs to run on NG. Spain is alsoconsidering converting private, commercial, and government vehicles to NGvs.The European Commission is due toadopt rules on the enforcement ofan average CO2 emission limit -120g/km- for cars by 2012. This has led to media rumours thatcar makers could be fined billions ofeuros a year in penalties for failingto meet EU emissions limits.

ItalyMuch expected news; during thefirst half of 2008, a MinisterialDecree will come into effect bywhich self-service will become areality in the # 1 European market.With this, and the multi-fuel dispenser to be used with methaneas well as any other liquid fuel, the‘metano per auto’ starts a new andsuperior phase of its evolution, thewhole industry’s target being atwo-digit percentage in the fuelsmarket.

NGV news Germany Several OEM low-duty bifuel vehiclemodels will enter European marketthis year. Skoda Octavia Combi IIwagon, the new version of OpelZafira 1.6 CNG which will be soldstarting February 2008, andMercedes B 170 NGT that will beretailed in June 2008, as well asDaimler’s Sprinter NGT, will all meetthe EURO 4 standards with CO2emission level lower than 140g/km.The average driving range of thosevehicles using both gasoline andCNG alternately is around 1,000-1,200km. Also in 2008, the AudiA5 2.0 T-CNG will be introduced. Since November 2007, gasoline anddiesel prices in Germany haveincreased a lot while NG price wasstable. Therefore, CNG price advantage rose up to 59% compared to gasoline and 52% compared to diesel. Gasoline nowcosts € 1.415/litre--€0.61/litremore expensive--while diesel costs €1.308 after the price raise of €0.108/litre. CNG costs €0.88/kg.However, considering the energy output, CNG costs only € 0.58 compared to a litre gasoline.

We have a goal: helping make the world go round in

the right direction.

We lead the way in technologies for environmentally

friendly mobility, producing vehicle components for

alternative fuels, LPG and natural gas.

In more than 50 years in the business our technologies

have helped make LPG and natural gas fuelled vehicles

increasingly popular. Today we continue to open up

new horizons with research into ways of using new

fuels such as hydrogen.

We do all this in 50 countries on all 5 continents,

working with the world’s biggest automotive companies.

We want to maintain our position of prominence on

a rapidly growing market, responding to the

increasingly urgent demand for sustainable

development.

WE MAKE THE WORLD GO ROUND

LANDI RENZO. A KEY PLAYER IN THE WORLD OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY.

Alternative mobility

10 Gas Vehicles ReportFebruary 2008

Nel mondoIn base alle statistiche di GVR, allametà di dicembre 2007 circolavanocirca 7.5 milioni di veicoli a gas naturale, circa 6 milioni di più rispetto al 2001, quando si contavano 1.7 milioni di unità nelmondo.

Con una crescita annua del 18%,entro il 2020 nel mondo circoleran-no 65 milioni di veicoli a metano. Ciòcostituirebbe una riduzione del con-sumo di petrolio di 7 milioni di bar-ili/giorno, ossia di circa 400 miliardidi Nm3 di vendite supplementari digas nel settore dei trasporti, edecine di migliaia di stazioni di riforni-mento in più.

In EuropaCon una crescita annua del mercatopari all’11%, alla fine del 2007 inEuropa circolano 749,000 veicoli ametano, un’aggiunta di 74,000veicoli ai 675,000 registrati nel2006. L’anno scorso sono stateaggiunte 105 stazioni di rifornimento,pari a una crescita nel 2006-2007del 5%. Nel mese di dicembre 2007erano in servizio 2,415 stazioni dirifornimento. Nel 2008 è previsto uno sviluppomaggiore dato che ad esempio paesicome la Spagna hanno introdottoleggi che permettono la circolazionedi mezzi pesanti a metano. In Spagna si sta esaminando anchela possibilità di convertire al gas

Notizie NGVItalian

Consorzio NGV System Italia • via Serio 16 • 20139 Milano - Italia tel. +39 02 56810171 • fax +39 02 56810131 • www.ngvsystem.it • [email protected]

L’Industria italiana del gas naturaleper una mobilità sostenibile

NGV System Italia - the italian Industryof natural gas for a sustainable mobility

naturale veicoli privati, commerciali egovernativi.La Commissione Europea sta adottando regole volte a rafforzare lamedia del limite di emissioni di CO2a 120g/km per le automobili entro il2012. Ciò ha spinto i mass media afar circolare informazioni secondo lequali i costruttori di automobili riceverebbero multe di miliardi dieuro se non raggiungono i limiti richiesti dall’UE.

ItaliaNotizia molto attesa: nella primametà del 2008 entrerà in vigoreun decreto ministeriale che autorizza il self service nel mercato n. 1 in Europa. Conquesto fatto, in aggiunta ai distributori multicombustibili dautilizzare per il metano e per qualsiasi altro combustibile liquido, il “metano per auto” entrain una nuova fase della suaevoluzione e l’obiettivo dell’interaindustria è di raggiungere unapercentuale a due cifre nel mercato dei combustibili.

Germania Quest’anno, nel mercato europeoarriveranno vari modelli OEM diveicoli leggeri. Skoda Octavia Combi IIwagon, la nuova versione della OpelZafira 1.6 GNC che sarà venduta apartire da febbraio, Mercedes B170 NGT che sarà disponibile dagiugno 2008, nonché il modelloSprinter NGT della Daimler raggiungono tutte gli standard EURO4 concernenti i livelli di emissioni diCO2 inferiori a 140g/km. La portatamedia della guida di questi veicoliche utilizzano sia la benzina che ilGNC in alternanza è di circa 1,000-1,200km. Sempre nel 2008,sarà introdotto il modello Audi A52.0 T-GNC. Dal mese di novembre 2007, inGermania i prezzi della benzina e deldiesel hanno subito un’impennata,mentre i prezzi del gas naturale sonorimasti stabili. Di conseguenza, ilvantaggio sui prezzi del GNC è oradel 59% rispetto alla benzina e del52% rispetto al diesel. Ora la benzi-na costa € 1.415/litro -€0.61/litro più cara – mentre ildiesel costa € 1.308 dopo unaumento del prezzo di €0.108/litro. Il GNC costa€0.88/kg. Tuttavia, se si consideral’output in energia, rispetto a un litrodi benzina il GNC costa soltanto €0.58.


Noticias del GNVEn el mundoA mediados de dicembre de 2007 había alrededor de 7,5 millones de GNVs reportados a GVR, 6 millonesmás desde 2001, cuando existían1,7 millones de unidades a metanooperando en el mundo. Con unatasa de crecimiento del 18& anual,serán 65 millones de GNVs internacionalmente para el 2020. Esto significaría reducir el consumode petróleo en unos 7 millones debarriles diarios, unos 400 B Nm3más de ventas de metano en el sector transporte y decenas demiles más de estaciones de recarga.

EuropaEl Mercado creció un 11% en el2007. Europa posee 749.000GNVs, 74.000 más respecto a los675.000 registrados en 2006. Del5% fuel el crecimiento en estacionesdel 2006 al 2007 ya que se añadieron105 estaciones el año pasado. En diciembre de 2007, 2.415 puntos de expendio estaban operando. Se esperan un mayor crecimiento en2008 desde que, por ejemplo, unpaís como España actualizó sus

reglamentaciones permitiendo vehículosde carga livianos a gas natural.Espana está tambien considerando convertir a metano vehículos privados,comerciales y gubernamentales.La Comisión Europea está por adoptar más aún estrictas medidasrespecto al límite permitido de emisiones de CO2 en automóviles -120g/km- para el 2012. Por estoha trascendido en distintos mediosque los fabricantes de vehículospodrían ser multados con billones deeuros por año si no alcanzan loslímites de emisiones de la UE.

ItaliaMuy esperadas noticias: durante laprimera mitad del 2008, entrará envigor un Decreto Ministerial que hacerealidad el ‘self-service’ en el 1er.mercado continental. Esto, junto alos surtidores multi-combustiblesdará al metano igualdad respecto acualquier otro combustible líquido;el ‘metano per auto’ entra así en unanueva y superior fase en su evolución,con el objetivo de toda la industriapuesto en alcanzar los dos dígitosen la canasta de combustibles.

Spanish

AlemaniaVarios nuevos modelos bicombustibledebutarán en el mercado europeoeste año: Skoda Octavia Combi IIwagon, la nueva versión del OpelZafira 1.6 CNG -comercializadodesde febrero 2008-, el Mercedes B170 NGT desde junio de 2008 y elSprinter NGT del mismo fabricante,todos ellos EURO 4 y con niveles deemisión de CO2 por debajo de los140g/km. La autonomía promediode estos vehículos usando GNC ygasolina es de alrededor de 1.000-1.200 km. También en 2008 llegaráal mercado el nuevo Audi A5 2.0 T-CNG- Desde noviembre de 2007, los precios de gasolina y diesel enAlemania aumentaron fuertemente,mientras los del gas natural han permanecido estables. Así, la ventajadel GNC es ahora del 59% y 52%sobre gasolina y diesel, respectivamente. La gasolina ahora cuestaeuro1.415/litro -0,61 más- mientras el valor del diesel eseuro 1.308, después de subir desde0.108/litro. El GNC cuesta euro0.88/kg. Más aún: considerando laeficiencia energética, el valor real delGNC es de euro 0.58 comparado aun litro de gasolina.


Notícias do GNVPortuguese

No mundoEm meados de dezembro de 2007 havia aproximadamente7,5 milhões de GNVs reportados a GVR, 6 milhões amais, comparados a 2001, quando existiam 1,7 milhãounidades a metano operando no mundo. Com uma taxade crescimento de 18& anual, serão 65 milhões deGNVs internacionalmente para 2020. Isto significariareduzir o consumo do petróleo em 7 milhões de barrisdiários, uns 400 B Nm3 a mais na vendas do metano nosetor do transporte e muito mais posto de abastecimento.

EuropaO Mercado cresceu 11% em 2007. A Europa possui749.000 GNVs, 74.000 a mais com respeito aos675.000 registrados em 2006. Foi de 5% o crescimentoem postos entre 2006 e 2007, já que se acrescentaram105 postos no ano passado. Em dezembro de 2007,2.415 pontos de venda a varejo estavam operando. Estima-se um crescimento maior em 2008 desde quepor exemplo, um país como a Espanha atualize suas regulamentações permitindo veículos de carga leves a gásnatural. A Espanha também está considerando converter ametano veículos particulares, comerciais e governamentais.A Comissão Européia está para adaptar estritas medidascom respeito ao limite permitido de emissões de CO2em automóveis -120g/km- para 2012. Por isso há transcendido em distintos meios que os fabricantes deveículos poderiam ser multados em bilhões de euros porano se não alcançarem os limites de emissões da UE.

ItáliaNotícia muito esperada: durante a primeira metadede 2008, entrará em vigor um Decreto Ministerialque torna real o ‘self-service’ no primeiro mercadocontinental. Isto, junto às bombas de abastecimentomulti-combustíveis dará ao metano igualdade comrespeito a qualquer outro combustível líquido; o ‘metanoper auto’ entrando em uma nova e superior fase em suaevolução, com o objetivo de toda a indústria pôr aoalcançar os dois dígitos na cesta de combustíveis.

AlemanhaVários novos modelos bicombustíveis debutarão no mercado europeu este ano: Skoda Octavia Combi IIwagon, A nova versão da Opel Zafira 1.6 CNG -comercializado desde fevereiro 2008-o Mercedes B170 NGT em junho de 2008 e o Sprinter NGT domesmo fabricante, todos eles EURO 4 e com níveis deemissão de CO2 abaixo dos 140g/km. A autonomiamédia destes veículos usando GNC e gasolina é aproximadamente de 1.000-1.200 km. Também em2008 chegará ao mercado o novo Audi A5 2.0 T-CNG.Desde novembro de 2007, os preços da gasolina ediesel na Alemanha aumentaram fortemente, enquanto ogás natural permaneceu estável. Assim, a vantagem doGNC é agora de 59% e 52% sobre a gasolina e o diesel,respectivamente. A gasolina agora custaeuro1.415/litro -0,61- enquanto o valor do diesel é euro1.308, após de subir para 0.108/litro. O GNC custaeuro 0.88/kg. Considerando a eficiência energética, ovalor real do GNC é de euro 0.58 comparados a umlitro de gasolina.


Erdgasfahrzeug-NewsGerman

Weltweit

Mitte Dezember 2007 waren bei GVRgegen 7,5 M Erdgasfahrzeuge gemeldet,fast 6 M mehr als 2001. Damals warenweltweit lediglich 1,7 Methanfahrzeuge imVerkehr. Mit einer jährlichen Zuwachsrate von 18%wird es im Jahr 2020 weltweit 65 MMethanfahrzeuge geben. Das bedeutet eineReduktion des Erdölkonsums um 7MBarrel/Tag, einen Zuwachs des Gasverkaufsim Verkehrssektor von 400 B Nm3 undZehntausende von neuen Gastankstellen.

Europa

Mit einer jährlichen Zuwachsrate von11% erreicht Europa Ende 2007749’000 Erdgasfahrzeuge, die Anzahl der2006 registrierten 675‘000 nimmt umungefähr 74’000 zu. Tankstellen verzeichneten eine Wachstumsrate von5% für die Periode 2006-2007, gegen105 Tankstellen kamen letztes Jahr neudazu. Im Dezember 2007 waren 2’415Tankstellen in Betrieb. Für das Jahr 2008 wird ein noch größeres Wachstum erwartet, da Länderwie z.B. Spanien Regelungen eingeführthaben, die es auch LDVs ermöglichen, mit

Erdgas zu fahren. Spanien überlegt sich,private, Geschäfts- undRegierungsfahrzeuge auf Erdgas umzustellen. Voraussichtlich führt die EuropäischeKommission neue Normen fürPersonenkraftwagen zur Begrenzung derCO2-Emissionen – auf 120g/km bis2012 – ein. Dies hat in den Medien zuGerüchten geführt, die besagen, dassAutohersteller Billionen Euros an Bussenpro Jahr zu bezahlen hätten, wenn sie dieEU-Emissions-Beschränkungen nicht erfüllen.

Italien

Heiß erwartete Nachricht: In der ersten

Hälfte 2008 tritt ein Dekret des

Ministeriums in Kraft, das

Selbstbedienungs-Tankstellen zu einer

Realität werden lässt für die Nummer 1

des europäischen Markts. Damit und

mit den Multi-Zapfsäulen für Methan

und alle anderen flüssigen Kraftstoffe

tritt „Metano per auto“ in eine neue,

fortgeschrittene Entwicklungsphase ein,

wobei das Ziel des Industriezweigs bei

einem zweistelligen Prozentsatzanteil

am Kraftstoffmarkt liegt.

Deutschland

Dieses Jahr sollen in Europa verschiedene neue Bi-Fuel-Modelle auf den Markt kommen. Der Skoda OktaviaCombi II, die neue Version des Opel Zafira1.6 CNG, die ab Februar 2008 im Verkauf ist, der Mercedes B 170NGT, der im Juni 2008 auf den Markt kommtund Daimlers Sprinter NGT erfüllen alledie EURO 4 Emissionsnormen mit CO2-Emissionen von unter 140g/km. DieReichweite für diese Fahrzeuge, dieErdgas und Benzin verwenden, beträt ungefähr 1000-1200km. Der Audi A5 2.0 T-CNGwird ebenfalls 2008 eingeführt. Seit November 2007 sind die Benzin- undDieselpreise in Deutschland weiter starkgestiegen, während der Erdgaspreis stabilblieb. Deswegen stieg der Preisvorteil vonErdgas gegenüber dem Benzin auf über59% und gegenüber dem Diesel auf 52%.Benzin kostet heute €1.415/Liter –€0.61 teurer – und Diesel €1.308/Liternach einem Aufschlag von €0.108/Liter.CNG kostet €0.88/kg. Wenn man aberdie Energieeffizienz im Vergleich zum LiterBenzin mit einbezieht, kostet CNG nur€0.58/Liter.


Nouvelles des NGVsFrench

Le MondeA la mi-décembre 2007, il y avaitprès de 7.5 M de Ngvs répertoriéschez GVR, soient presque 6 M devéhicules de plus qu’en 2001, date àlaquelle 1.7 M de véhicules roulaientau méthane dans le monde.Avec un accroissement de 18% paran, il y aura 65 M de véhicules auméthane en 2020. Cela veut direque la consommation de pétrole seraréduite de 7 M de barils par jour, ce quisignifie une vente additionnelle de gazpour le transport de 400 B Nm3 et10.000 stations de fourniture en plus.

EuropeAvec un marché annuel qui s’accroitde 11% par an, à la fin de 2007,l’Europe possède 749.000 Ngvs,donc 74000 véhicules ajoutés aux675000 unités enregistrés fin2006. On a connu en 2007 unaccroissement de 5% du nombre destations de fourniture, soient 105stations de plus qu’en 2006. Endécembre 2007, 2415 stationsétaient en service.Un développement plus importantest prévu pour l’année 2008, parexemple des régions commel’Espagne ont établis des normespour permettre aux camionnettes de

rouler au gaz. L’Espagne envisageaussi de convertir des véhicules privés,des véhicules commerciaux et des véhicules gouvernementaux au gaz naturel. La Commission Européenne est surle point d’adopter les règles quifixent une moyenne limite de 120 grde CO2 au km pour les voitures en2012. Ceci a provoqué parmi lesmédias la rumeur selon laquelle lesconstructeurs d’automobiles seraientcontraints de payer des millions d’eu-ros par an en pénalités par manque-ment aux règles imposées.

ItalieOn attend beaucoup de nouvellesde ce pays, en effet au cours de lapremière moitié de 2008, undécret ministériel prendra seseffets par lequel le self-servicedeviendra une réalité pour le numéro un du marché européen.Avec ceci et avec l’usage du pistolet multi carburant permettantégalement le méthane au mêmetitre que du carburant liquide, le« metano per auto » commence unenouvelle phase de son évolution.Le but de toute l’industrie est d’atteindre un pourcentage comportant deux chiffres dans lemarché des carburants.

AllemagnePlusieurs modèles de camionnettesbi-carburant présentés par lesconstructeurs vont faire leur apparitiondans le marché européen : SkodaOctavia Combi II wagon, la nouvelleversion de l’Opel Zafira 1.6 CNG dèsfévrier 2008 et la Mercedes B 170NGT pour juin 2008 ainsi que laDaimler Sprinter NGT qui toutes vontatteindre les standards de l’Euro 4avec des émissions en CO2 plusbasses que les 140 gr par km. Lerayon d’action moyen de ces véhi-cules utilisant les deux carburantsessence et gaz alternativement sesituera aux environs de 1000- 1200kms L’AudiA5 2.0 T-CNG sera également présentée.Depuis novembre 2007, les prix del’essence et du diesel ont augmentésfortement tandis que le prix du gazest resté stable. L’avantage du CNGa atteint 59% comparé à l’essenceet 52% par rapport au diesel.L’essence coûte actuellement1.4515 € le litre-0.61 € de plus –tandis que le diesel coûte 1.308 €,une augmentation de 0.108 au litre.Le CNG coûte 0.88€ par kg. Enconsidérant cependant l’énergie finale produite, le CNG seulement0.58 € comparé au litre d’essence.

Polish

Nowości NGVŚwiatW połowie grudnia 2007, zanotowoano ok. 7,5 milionapojazdów NGV, co dało przyrost 6milionów, od roku 2001. Z 18% wzrostem rocznie, do roku2020 powinno być ju� 65 milionówpojazdów NGV. Dałoby to redukcjęzu�ycia ropy o 7 milionów baryłek dziennie, zwiększenie sprzeda�y gazuo 400 bilionów Nm3oraz dziesiątkinowych stacji tankowania metanem.

EuropaZ rocznym wzrostem na poziomie11% do końca 2007, Europa ma749 tys. pojazdów NGV, co daje 74tys. pojazdów zarejestrowanych w br. W latach 2006-2007 zanotowano5% wzrost liczby stacji tankowaniametanem. W grudniu 2007 było ich2 415. O�ywiony rozwój sektora pojazdów znapędem metanowym spowodował,�e niektóre państwa, jak Hiszpania,wprowadziły regulacje prawne

zezwalające pojazdom dostawczymna napęd metanowy. Równie�Hiszpania rozwa�a wprowadzenieprogramu promującego napęd CNGdla pojazdów prywatnych oraz flotkomercyjnych i rządowych. Komisja Europejska przyjęła normylimitu emisji CO2 dla samochodów doroku 2012, na poziomie -120g/ km.Spowoduje to olbrzymie karypienię�ne nakładane na producentówsamochodów za nieprzestrzeganietych norm w produkowanych przeznie modelach.

WłochyNajbardziej oczekiwanawiadomość: w pierwszej połowie2008, wejdzie w �ycie dekret ministerstwa, umo�liwiający weWłoszech samoobsługę na stacjach tankowania. Z tym oraz wielopaliwowym dystrybutorompaliw, włączając metan, hasło„metan dla auta” stanie się wkońcu realne, a wkrótce mo�ezostać osiągnięta 2-cyfroasprzeda� metanu.

Niemcy W tym roku pojawi się na rynku kilkamodeli OEM z napędem bifuel. SkodaOctavia Combi II, nowa wersja OplaZafiry 1.6 CNG (w sprzeda�y od stycznia), Mercedes B 170 NGT (wsprzeda�y od czerwca), DaimlerSprinter NGT oraz Audi A5 2.0 T-CNG. Wszystkie te pojazdy będąspełniały normę EURO 4 oraz miałyemisję CO2 na poziomie ni�szym ni�140g/ km. Średni zasięg tychpojazdów na metanie wyniesie ok. 1000 – 1 200 km. Od listopada 2007, ceny benzyny idiesla w Niemczech stale wzrastały,przy równoczesnym stałym poziomiecen metanu. Cena CNG w porównaniu do benzynybyła na poziomie 59% , zaś w stosunku do diesla - 52%. Obecnie benzyna kosztuje €1,415/litr - € 0,61/litr, diesel €1,308 – wzrost o € 0,108/litr. CNGkosztuje € 0,88/kg. Jakkolwiek biorąc pod uwagę kosztyzu�ycia energii, CNG kosztuje tylko €0,58 w porównaniu do 1l benzyny.

Gas Vehicles Report 19December 2007

BRC compressorsfor CNG filling stations

MTM srl Via La Morra, 1 - 12062 CHERASCO (CN) Tel. +39 0172 48681 - Fax +39 0172 488237 - www.brc.it - [email protected]

BRC compressors - Taurusseries - have been developedspecifically for CNG compres-sion and offer high safety,functionality, efficiency andmaintenance easiness. BRCTaurus compressors havebeen completely studied andmanufactured inside the com-pany using the most advancedcalculation, designing andmanufacturing equipment. Allthe above allowed to achievehigher efficiency, low noise lev-els, less maintenance and holddown dimensions. Moreover,BRC Compressors can be cus-tomised and adapted to differ-ent operation exigencies.

NGV nieuwsDutch

De wereldMedio december waren er ongeveer7,5 M. NGV’s gemeld bij de GVR, erwerden bijna 6M voertuigen bijgeteldsinds 2001, toer er slecht 1,7Mmethaanvoertuigen in de wereldrond reden.Met een stijgende lijn van 18% jaarlijks, zullen er in 2020 65Mmethaanvoertuigen in de wereld zijn.Het zou een vermindering vanolieconsumptie betekenen met 7M.vaten per dag, zo’n 400 B Nm3toegevoegd gas van de transportsectoren tienduizenden N.G. tankstationszullen er bijkomen.

EuropaMet een jaarlijkse groei van de marktvan 11%, tegen het einde van 2007heeft Europa 749.000 NGV’s. Erwerden 74.000 voertuigentoegevoegd aan de 675.000 diegeregistreerd waren in 2006. Eengroei van 5% bij tankvoorzieningenwas te zien in 2006-2007, zo’n 105NG stations kwamen er vorig jaar bij.In december 2007 waren er 2.415stations operationeel.Een grotere ontwikkeling in 2008

wordt voorspeld wanneer, bijvoorbeeldlanden als Spanje regels invoeren onLDV’s toe te staan, op NG te rijden.Spanje overweegt ook om privé,commerciële en overheidsvoertuigenom te bouwen tot NGV’s.De Europese Commissie heeft zichverplicht, regels op te leggen vooreen gemiddelde CO2 uitstoot limiet,120 g/km voor auto’s in 2012. Ditheeft geleid tot geruchten in de mediadat autofabrikanten boetes van miljoenenkunnen oplopen voor het niet nalevenvan de EU uitstoot limieten.

ItaliëLang verwacht nieuws: gedurendede eerste helft van 2008 treedteen regeringsbesluit in werking,waarbij self-service realiteit wordtin de nr. 1 van de Europesemarkt. Met dit en de Multi-fueldispenser die gebruikt wordt voorzowel methaan als voor elkeander vloeibare brandstof, begintde “Metano per Auto” een nieuween superieure fase van zijn ontwikkeling. Het doel van de heleindustrie is een twee-cijferig percentagein de brandstoffenmarkt.

DuitslandDit jaar zullen er verschillende OEMlow-duty bifuel voertuigmodellen opde markt komen. Skoda OctaviaCombi II wagon, de nieuwe versievan de Opel Zafira 1.6 CNG wordtverkocht vanaf februari 2008 enMercedes B170 NGT is verkrijgbaarin juni 2008, evenals Daimler’sSprinter NGT. Allen voldoen aan deEURO 4 normen met ‘n uitstoot vanminder dan 140 g/km. De actie-radiusvan deze voertuigen die zowelgasolie, als CNG gebruiken, bedraagtzo’n 1000-1200 km. Ook zal in2008 de Audi A5 2.0 T-CNG wordengeïntroduceerd. Sinds november2007 zijn de prijzen van gasolie endiesel in Duitsland flink gestegen terwijl de NG prijs stabiel bleef.Daarom steeg het CNG prijsvoordeeltot 59 %, vergeleken met gasolie en52% vergeleken met diesel. Gasoliekost nu € 1.415/liter, (€0.61/literduurder) terwijl diesel € 1.308 kostna prijsverhoging van € 0.108/liter.CNG kost € 0.88. Hoe dan ook, deenergie-output in aanmerkinggenomen kost CNG slechts € 0.58,vergeleken met ‘n liter gasolie.

This is part 2 of an article on theimportance ofGovernmentinvolvement inimplementation ofNGV programs. The previous article in the January issuecontained case studies on Pakistan, Malaysia andBangladesh.

All alternative fuels require government involvement if programs are to be successfully implemented on a sustainable basis. A range of measures are available to governments and those which are used depend on local circumstances and the alternative fuel. For CNG, the measures commonly used are:® Mandates or targets to replace various percentages ofpetroleum fuels.® Measures to ensure that the price of CNG to the vehicleowner is lower than the price of the conventional liquid fuel toan extent that the vehicle owner recovers his investment inCNG equipment in less than about two years.® Support for the establishment of the refuelling infrastructure by for example remission of taxes and duties onequipment, providing space for refuelling stations in congestedareas, assistance with financing refuelling station construction,support for extension of the gas pipeline system.® Promoting the establishment of codes and standards related to both vehicles and refuelling and enforcement of theregulations, especially those related to safety.® Education and training of technicians and inspectors toensure that vehicle and refuelling equipment is installed, operated and inspected satisfactorily, thereby ensuring operation of an industry with the an exemplary safety record.® Leading by example by ensuring Government vehicles use CNG.

AustraliaAustralia’s NGV program began in the mid 1980s and waschampioned by the monopoly gas companies which distributedand retailed gas in each capital city. There was an investment of $30 million between 1985 and1995 to foster the growth of the NGV industry in Australia.The target markets were route buses, forklifts and

passenger cars – both the bus and forklift strategies werevery successful. The light duty vehicle market was successfullytargeted by LPG marketers.

Program developmentIn the late 1990s the Federal Government launched 2 programs aimed at promoting the growth of the AustralianNGV industry:® The Compressed Natural Gas Infrastructure Program which funded up to 50% of the capital required to build public refueling stations.® The Alternative Fuels Conversion Program which funded upto 50% of the additional price of a CNG, LNG or ethanol commercial or heavy vehicle over the equivalent diesel or gasoline vehicle At present there are approximately 2500 city buses runningon CNG, 100 heavy trucks on CNG and 100 heavy trucks onLNG. These are refueled by 20 private refueling stations and3 public stations.

Future plansThe previously mentioned programs are under review by theFederal Government and additional programs/initiatives arealso being considered.The Australian Government’s rationale for supporting NGVs isbased upon a mix of air quality, greenhouse, energy securityand consumer price outcomes. The Federal Government currently favours the provision ofincentives for alternative transport fuels through reduction ofexcise duties. However these incentives will be progressivelyreduced commencing in 2011. At that time, the natural price advantage of natural gas relative to diesel and gasoline should still produce a reducedfuel cost for NGVs.There is currently a growing amount of private industry investment and interest in: ® LNG vehicles for prime movers by large fleet operators® LNG production and dispensing infrastructure ® CNG vehicles for route buses and return to base heavy vehicles such as refuse trucks and concrete trucks)® Depot based CNG refueling infrastructure for buses, andforklift fleets.® Development of heavy duty natural gas engines either withdirect collaboration with the OEMs or with OEM factoryendorsement.

By Dr GarthHarris

Secretary GeneralIANGV


Info from the InternationalAssociation for Natural Gas Vehicles

Government involvement in CNG Programs

TOMASETTO ACHILLE S.A.ARGENTINA

Bronze

IANGV Sponsors

Gold


Der Abenteurer Rainer Zietlow undder Fotograf Franz Janusiewicz habennach einer rund zehnwöchigenMarathonfahrt von Berlin nachBangkok ihre EcoFuel Asia Tour erfolgreich beendet. Das Auto, einVW Caddy EcoFuel, traf nach genau31.977 Kilometern planmäßig auf derErdgasmesse ANGVA in Bangkok ein.

Der VW-Kleintransporter produzierteauf der gesamten Strecke bei einemDurchschnittsverbrauch von siebenKilogramm Erdgas pro 100

Kilometer etwa 1,3 Tonnen wenigerCO2 als ein vergleichbarer Benzinermit 1,6-Liter-Motor. Der Caddy,abgesehen von einem höhergelegtenFahrwerk und neun zusätzlichenGastanks ein normales Serienmodell,habe tapfer durchgehalten. Ob in derKälte des europäischen Ostens oderauf den mehr als 5.000 Meterhohen Pässen des Himalaja. „Bis aufein paar Reifenpannen hatten wiekeine Probleme“, sagte RainerZietlow nach seiner Ankunft inBangkok.

Die Reise startete in Berlin undführte Zietlow und Janusiewicz durchdas russische Orenburg, die Türkei,Jordanien, Indien und Nepal nachShanghai. Den Abschluss derEcoFuel Asia Tour bildete die Fahrtvon Shanghai nach Bangkok. Dort erntete der Caddy auf der internationalen Erdgasmesse ANGVAviel Aufmerksamkeit. Die Reichweitedes Wagens beträgt mit denZusatztanks rund 3.000 Kilometer.Das Tanken von Erdgas sei in denmeisten Ländern unproblematischverlaufen. Lediglich auf einer etwa1.000 Kilometer langen Streckedurch Tibet fuhr das Team wiegeplant mit Benzin, da es in derRegion keine Erdgastankstellen gibt.Auf ihrer Tour testeten dieExtremfahrer ein vom Chemie-Konzern BASF entwickeltesNano-Produkt namens „Basostor®“.Mit Hilfe des neuartigenSpeichermaterials kann derFahrzeugtank erheblich mehrErdgasmoleküle aufnehmen als bisher. Die Reichweite des Fahrzeugserhöhte sich damit um rund 20Prozent. Der Tank wird nach derRückkehr des Caddy von der BASF inDeutschland untersucht, umfestzustellen, wie das Material dieStrapazen der Tour verkraftet hat.

Von Berlin nach Bangkok auf Sparflamme

Moskau war eine Station auf der knapp 32.000 Kilometer langen EcoFuel Asia Tour.


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Adventurer Rainer Zietlow and photographer FranzJanusiewicz have successfully completed their EcoFuelAsia Tour in a ten-week marathon trip from Berlin toBangkok. The vehicle, a VW Caddy EcoFuel, arrived atthe ANGVA NGV Conference and Exhibition in Bangkokright on schedule with exactly 31,977 kilometres on theclock.

With an average fuel consumption of seven kilograms ofnatural gas per 100 kilometres over the entire route,the VW mini van produced around 1.3 tonnes less CO2than an equivalent vehicle with a 1.6 litre petrol engine.The Caddy, which was a regular factory-built model fittedwith a higher chassis and nine additional gas tanks, performed exceptionally well, whether in the cold of theEuropean East or at the more than 5,000 metre-highpasses of the Himalayas. “Apart form a couple of flattyres we had no problems”, reported Rainer Zietlow onhis arrival in Bangkok.

The journey began in Berlin and took Zietlow andJanusiewicz through the Urals, Turkey, Jordan, India andNepal and on to Shanghai. The last leg of the EcoFuelAsia Tour was from Shanghai to Bangkok, where theCaddy was the centre of attention at the internationalANGVA NGV Conference and Exhibition. With its additional fuel tanks the car had a range of around 3000kilometres. Refuelling with natural gas was unproblematicin most countries. Only on a stretch of about 1000 kilometres through Tibet did the team drive in petrol

mode as planned due to the lack of natural gas refuellingstations in the region.

On their tour the extreme drivers also tested a nanoproduct developed by the chemical group BASF called“Basostor®”. The innovative storage material enabled thevehicle’s tanks to hold considerably more natural gasmolecules than before, thereby increasing the range ofthe vehicle by around 20 percent. When the Caddyreturns to Germany the tank will be examined by BASF tosee how the material coped with the ravages of the tour.

From Berlin to Bangkok on a low flame

Moscow was one of the stops along the almost 32,000kilometres of the EcoFuel Asia Tour.


Critical Issues Workshop11-12 March 2008addresses key concernsGrowth in the NGV sector worldwide hasresulted in a concurrent and dramaticexpansion in the demand for compressednatural gas (CNG) cylinders. Additionally, the political climate in manycountries and regions, with heightenedfocus on global warming and climatechange, has expanded interest in thepotential for hydrogen and hydrogen vehicles, which also will rely in part onhigh pressure fuel storage. Many of the manufacturers of CNG cylinders also are developing and producing hydrogen fuel storage systems.

High pressure fuel storage vessels haveundergone dramatic technological developments and a variety of different

Jeffrey M.Seisler

CEO, Clean FuelsConsulting

CNG and H2 Cylinders Workshop

Challenges, Opportunities & Strategies

does fail, typically the industry treatsthese with the care and scientific investigation similar to airplane failures inthe aviation industry. Thus, pressure vessel technology and the associatedequipment – pressure relief devices, highpressure fittings etc. – undergo continualdevelopment and improvement.Nevertheless, the general public, includingconsumers and political decision makers,

cylinder types suited for different vehicleapplications exist today. These rangefrom solid steel construction to lightweight, 100% carbon fiber construction. These pressure vesselsstand out as the safest fuel storage systems among any of the fuels availabletoday. Yet when a catastrophic failuredoes occur the results can be dramatic.On the rare occasion when a cylinder


high pressure fuel storage systems thatneed to be addressed in a systematic way:

® Periodic inspection intervals and methods. Inspection intervals can differcountry-by-country despite the bestefforts to harmonize international standards and regulations; inspectionmethods and their reliability also can vary

widely but the trend is to provide inspectiontechniques that do not require theremoval of the cylinders from the vehicle.

® Interpreting the results of cylinder failure analyses. Understanding thebehavior of cylinders and other

For whom is this workshop intended?

The audience and participants of NGV and hydrogenvehicle stakeholders at the CNG and HydrogenCylinders Workshop are:

® Cylinder manufacturers Cylinder safety/inspectionexperts; ® Related parts and equipment manufacturers (hose,pipes, valves); ® OEMs -- all types from bus to LDVs;® National regulators; the people in government writingregulations and who participate at the United Nationsgroups. These would include safety experts as well.® Gas industry and hydrogen industry specialists;® Stationary source cylinder users and those associatedwith over-the-road carriage and fuelling station cylinders.The two-half day approach of the Workshop has beenconstructed to allow people to arrive in one morning,stay over only one night, and leave by mid-day on Daytwo. The speakers will be focused on very specific

topics and adequate time will be provided for a full discussion.A limited number of table top exhibits will be availablefor companies wishing to present their products andservices. Coffee breaks and the evening cocktail willbe held in the same area as the table top exhibits inorder to facilitate networking opportunities and exposure.

The Critical Issues Workshop on CNG and HydrogenCylinders: Challenges, Opportunities and Strategies willbe on 11th & 12th March 2008 in Brussels.

For more information, an agenda, details of table topand sponsorship, and about participating in this uniqueopportunity to focus on an issue of timely importanceto the natural gas and hydrogen vehicle industries,please visit: www.cngandH2workshop.com.On line registration is available.

still express concerns about the safety ofhigh pressure natural gas and hydrogenstorage systems.

Market Expansion BringsNew Insights and NewImperativesThere remain a number of important andsometimes controversial issues related to Continued on page 26


Continued from page 25

components in the entire fuel storagesystem after a catastrophic failure is critical to the advancement of high pressure fuel storage technologies.

® Consensus and differences in standards and regulations. Standardsare under development for hydrogen storage systems that eventually willbecome part of a Global TechnicalRegulation. Much of the content relatesdirectly to the precedents set for CNG.United Nations CNG cylinder regulations(ECE Regulation 110) that were basedoriginally on the predominating worldwideInternational Standards Organisation (ISO)cylinder standard (ISO 15500) are, due tovarious changes over time, different (i.e.not harmonized). The differencesbetween the international standards andthe UN regulations continue to causeconfusion in the NGV marketplace andamong cylinder manufacturers. Hopefullythis can be avoided for hydrogen systems.

® Positioning cylinders on vehicles. Eitherin ‘packaged assemblies’ or mounted individually, cylinder mounting on a vehiclerequires special care and attention toeach vehicle design. This has been particularly important in buses, wherevehicle fires have lead to changes in the

mounting of PRDs. The use of one ormore PRDs on the cylinder or for a cylinder assembly is an important part ofthe ‘learning curve’ for vehicles mountedwith high pressure fuelling systems.

To address these and other importanttopics, Clean Fuels Consulting, with theGas Vehicles Report as media partner isoffering its first in an anticipated series ofCritical Issues Workshops on 11-12March 2008 in Brussels. This first workshop, CNG & H2 Cylinders;Challenges, Opportunities & Strategies isdesigned to bring together high-level experts and other industrystakeholders to address the very specific and challenging issuesfacing CNG and hydrogen fuel storage systems. The topics are technical innature covering the latest compressednatural gas (CNG) and compressed hydrogen cylinder technologies and availability as well as:

® Issues with associated hardware suchas PRDs; ® Cylinder incidents and learning fromthem;® Cylinder inspection techniques andpractices;® Standards and regulatory issues forboth CNG and hydrogen storage;® The strong link between CNG

and hydrogen fuel storage systems (theequipment manufacturers are virtually thesame for both technologies) should identify synergies that can be of mutualbenefit to all participants. At the end of the Workshop we want tolay a strategy of ‘next steps’ for cylindermanufacturers and customers, whetherthey may be regulatory in nature (typicallyat the UN level but also at the Europeanand international levels), R&D-related forthings like inspection, materials compatibility, etc.; safety and inspectionrequirements; and considerations forsafety and quality control, particularlywhen expanding to new emerging marketcountries. Quality control, consistency,reliability and safety are the ultimateobjectives to be addressed for long termCNG and hydrogen vehicle markets.

More info: www.cngandH2workshop.com.

Esposizione - Ciclo di Conferenze MagistraliExhibition - Master Conferences

Dal 25 al 27 settembre 2008September 25-27, 2008

Lingotto Fiere, Padiglione 1 - Torino, ItaliaLingotto Fiere, Pavilion 1 - Turin, Italy

II Fiera Mondiale dei Veicoli aGas Naturale ed Idrogeno

II World Fair of NGVs & H2Vs

[email protected]

SponsorHosted by

OrganizzatoreOrganizer

SponsorGold Sponsor

Silver

Energia pulita per un mondo sostenibileClean energy for a sustainable world


NGV Buses: solution at hand for the public transportThe use of NGV buses is growing. Because of the environment and public health,energy diversification and economics. As shown in the statistics chart, every year 2 new European countries enter intothe continental list of methane buses user nations. An impressive almost 30% ofthe methane buses in the globe run in Europe and the trend goes up in theContinent, despite the growth is not equal by nation.

CountryNatural Gas

BusesCountry Buses Country Buses Country Cars/LDVs

Austria 2 Italy 1.600 Italy 1.800 Italy 2.100Bulgaria 122 Ukraine 30.500 Ukraine 30.500 Ukraine 30.500Czech Republic 90 Russia 4.630 Russia 8.000 Russia 8.000Finland 73 Germany 1.100 Germany 1.277 Germany 1.500France 1.500 France 2.000 Bulgaria 150 Bulgaria 170Germany 1.000 Bulgaria 150 France 2.000 Sweden 757Italy 1.000 Sweden 554 Sweden 565 France 2.000Latvia 10 Switzerland 65 Switzerland 70 Switzerland 93Luxembourg 24 Spain 356 Spain 385 Spain 760Norway 77 Poland 41 Poland 41 Poland 41Poland 41 Austria 2 Austria 0 Czech Republic 195Portugal 213 United Kingdom 35 Turkey 124 Netherlands 95Russia 4.650 Turkey 124 United Kingdom 5 Turkey 124Serbia & M. 1 Czech Republic 90 Czech Republic 165 United Kingdom 14Slovakia 170 Latvia 10 Latvia 10 Greece 416Spain 226 Slovakia 189 Slovakia 189 Portugal 314Sweden 472 Portugal 234 Portugal 234 Slovakia 220Switzerland 51 Norway 77 Norway 77 Latvia 10Turkey 124 Serbia & M. 1 Hungary 80 Finland 95Ukraine 26.000 Finland 74 Serbia & M. 2 Norway 77United Kingdom 35 Luxembourg 27 Finland 74 Luxembourg 36Total 35.881 Macedonia 32 Luxembourg 27 Hungary 80

Liechtenstein 19 Iceland (l) 2 Serbia 2Total 41.910 Macedonia 32 Iceland 2

Liechtenstein 19 Macedonia 43Total 45.828 Lichtenstein 26

Lithuania 547.675

Other regions 115.579World total 163.254

The GVR, December 2004





Irisbus Iveco: The oil price increase makes it clear thatCNG was and is the first alternative

How do you see the methane powered buses marketin Europe?The CNG powered bus market will keep on growing inEurope. The growth has been spectacular for Irisbusbecause we have reached in 2006 a figure of around1000 units of standard bus, that is to say the double ascompared with 2005. This is due to the excellent environmental performance of our buses that reachemissions level far below the EEV level, and the market ismore and more looking for environment. Another factorwill increase the dynamism of the CNG market, this isthe evolution of the price difference between CNG andgas oil. Today in Europe, the CNG energy price per Km isaround 50% of the gas oil price. This enables to payback the infrastructure cost and especially the compressor cost quite easily now.

What should be done to have a higher growth rate?The growth is hampered by the psychological barrier torun a bus on something else than gas oil. To cope withthis, should be enabled an European tender proceduretechnologically neutral and enabling to pay back the priceof infrastructures by the price of fuel (that is to saybased on a life cycle cost analysis that integrates thevehicle, fuel and infrastructures in the purchase criteria).This way, it would appear clearly to some potential customers that CNG is not an exotic fuel but a very realistic economical alternative. Also an integration of theexternal costs in the tender procedure will help the NGVto show its environmental benefits.

Which NGV models do you offer? We offer all buses from minibus to articulated.For example the 8m Europolis minibus is proposed with aCNG EEV engine. This version enables to fit around 45passengers

And the Citelis range is available from 10,5 to 18meters powered by the Cursor 8 EEV. The most sold version is the 12m one enabling to fit more than 100passengers.

Is there anything else you would like to tell? Simply that Irisbus Iveco has been steadily promoting theCNG buses . We already have a 15 years experience infuelling our vehicles with CNG and sold more than 4000vehicles . This long term strategic choice pays off todaybecause the increase of the oil price made it clear thatCNG was the first alternative. We benefit today of this long term approach, being theCNG bus European leader in terms of market share. The CNG fleet of some of our major markets is gettingclose to 15% of the total bus fleet, and 80% of themwere built by us.

Valery Cervantes

In charge of Public Affairs

Irisbus Iveco CNG models

Leading type 4 cylinder technology

and complete storage systems

• Transit busses, trucks and passenger cars

• Gas transportation and stationary storage

• CNG and hydrogen

COMPOSITES MOVE MORE GAS

www.rafs.no


BredaMenarinibus: we hope to expand sales

How do you see the natural gas-powered bus marketin Italy?

Answers Francesco Polito, in charge of Technical andCommercial Product at BredaMenarinibus:

The natural gas bus market in Italy was enjoying significant growth figures up to 2006. In 2007 theentire market for urban buses in Italy slowed down,which meant there was a corresponding reduction in thenumber of natural gas buses purchased.

Moreover, diesel engines achieved EEC emission levels,(the same ones as for natural gas) making them moredesirable than their natural gas counterparts. Nevertheless, natural gas still has the energy diversification factor in its favour.

What should be done to achieve higher growth ratesfor natural gas buses?

A wider range of engine types needs to be made available. The range of “gas design” engines currentlyavailable in Europe for buses is really quite limited andthe availability of high-powered gas engines even moreso. In addition, engine manufacturers need to work moreon the reliability of their engines, which although good,have yet to achieve the same reliability as diesel engines.

Which NGV models does BredaMenarinibus offer?

We begin with our short bus of 8 metres (still the onlyreal NGV minibus currently on the market), followed bythe 10.8m and 12m models, right up to the 18m 3-axlearticulated bus. Further development of this range,which is already one of the most complete available,depends on how soon the Italian market picks up and theavailability of new natural gas engines.

Is there anything else you would like to add?BredaMenarinibus has always been committed to naturalgas. Starting with the first semi-low-floor buses in 1996we have now reached the third generation of these vehicles, integrating into the product range a variety ofadvanced technological features for improving driveability,safety and fuel consumption, which put these buses atthe cutting edge of the market. In the coming year wehope to expand sales of these products beyond the current Italian market.

Avancity L

Vivacity C


EvoBus Italia: a clear, state-backedinvestment policy

If we assume that the general trendwill be for cars to move away frompetrol over the medium term, theuse of natural gas in buses also hasimportant development potential,commented us Mr. Telmo Robalino,Mercedes-Benz Commercial Director.

Since buses constitute a public service, the state and its relevantadministrative bodies should draw upa clear and reliable investment policyfor this type of vehicle. This will enable public transport companies to plan their future acquisitions.

Evobus offers natural gas vehicles inItaly in two lengths: Mercedes-BenzCitaro in 12 and 18 metre versions,explained also Robalino.

Finally, Telmo Robalino said: A clear,state-backed investment policy forvehicles of this type would be usefuleven for manufacturers as it wouldmake it easier for them to definetheir willingness to invest in technolo-gies that could be used to furtherimprove already existing products.

Telmo Robalino

CommercialDirector ofMercedes-Benz

Mercedes-Benz Citaro CNG

Info from the United StatesSanta Clarita: just CNG buses

Santa Clarita's CNG buses


The City of Santa Clarita’s municipal transit systemdecided to convert their entire bus fleet from diesel toCompressed Natural Gas in an effort to improve airquality in the Santa Clarita valley. With their existingmaintenance facility out of date, under sized, and insufficient for supporting CNG expansion, SantaClarita Transit needed to update their systems andbuild a new maintenance facility headquarters. The Santa Clarita Transit Maintenance Facility includesa 22,000 sq. ft. administration building, a 25,000 sq.ft maintenance building, a bus wash facility, a CNGfueling island for City buses, and publicly accessibleCNG fueling station. The $18 million facility isdesigned to accommodate over 100 buses and nearly160 staff, with room for future expansionOn last December, the city council of Santa Clarita,California approved the purchase of 22 CNG buses,14 of which will be for the city’s Dial-A-Ride programthat provides transportation services for the elderly,disabled and the general public.

The Board of the Town of Brookhaven (Long Island,NY) passed a resolution that all contracts for the collection of refuse, recyclables and yard waste fortheir 35 collection bid areas (CBAs) must utilize CNGtrucks. The resolution authorizes the Department ofWaste Management to prepare bids for the collection-contracts that require the carters to utilizeCNG vehicles. The new contract will take effect on January 1,2009. The length of the contract will be seven yearswith three one-year renewal periods. The prior traditional-fuel contracts had a base periodof five years. The Town also will proceed with a bid proposal for theinstallation of a fueling facility, and a long-term pricingagreement for the purchase of CNG, which can beutilized by the contracted carters. Additionally, the resolution included an authorizationfor the Town to apply to the Greater Long islandClean Cities Coalition (GLICCC) for a CMAQ grant inorder to defray the capital cost of the CNG fuelingfacility. National Grid (formerly KeySpan Energy Delivery) isthe local gas distribution company and will make significant investments in the gas infrastructure todeliver the gas to the new fueling facility. Currently,there are 75 refuse collection trucks under contractwith the Town of Brookhaven providing the refuse andrecycling services mentioned above.

Another Long Island CommunitySwitches to Natural Gas Refuse Trucks


More Natural Gas Artics for LA MTA

The Los Angeles Metropolitan TransportationAuthority (MTA) recently began taking delivery of anorder of 95 additional 60-foot CNG bus rapid transit(BRT) vehicles from North American Bus Industries. Theorder was the result of the MTA exercising its secondgroup of options pursuant to an earlier order. When delivered, this group of buses will give the MTAa total of 391 CNG articulated buses. Since takingdelivery of the first 200 BRTs under this contract in2005, the MTA has been putting them to the test.Mike Bottone, MTA’s director of vehicle technology,said the CNG BRTs provide the power these largepeople movers need to keep up with traffic. Their durability has also scored well, as the MTA has

Clean Energy Fuels Corp. hosted on lastDecember the opening of a major new liquefiednatural gas (LNG) truck fueling station designedspecifically to support the goals of the San PedroBay Ports’ historic Clean Air Action Plan (CAAP).The new station is the first of three that CleanEnergy plans to build in the near future to servenew port drayage trucks powered by clean-burningLNG fuel. “Just one year after the announcementof the joint Ports’ Clean Air Action Plan, we arehere today to mark the opening of this new ultramodern LNG truck fuel station. Natural gas is one of the best ways to reduce airpollution because it burns far cleaner than dieselfuel, reducing harmful tailpipe emissions signifi-cantly,” said Andrew Littlefair, Clean Energy’sPresident and CEO. The CAAP anticipates the replacement of morethan 16,000 old diesel trucks with several thousand new LNG trucks, as well as new or converted diesel trucks that meet specificationsfor reduced particulate matter and nitrogen oxideemissions, in order to meet harbor drayagerequirements. This movement to cleaner LNGtrucks, featuring the Westport Innovations LNGfuel system, will result in significantly decreasedharmful greenhouse gas (CO2), NOx and particulate emissions. The new station is located adjacent to SouthernCounties Express (SCE), a Port trucking firm. SCEexpects to put 71 new LNG-fueled trucks on theroad in the next two months, with the first groupset for deployment by mid-December. The truckswere purchased in part with financial aid from thePorts of Los Angeles and Long Beach and theSouth Coast Air Quality Management District(SCAQMD). Nine other Port trucking firms havealso committed to the new LNG trucks in the initialdeployment for a total of 158 clean LNG trucks. To help meet expanding Ports and other heavy-duty vehicle requirements, Clean Energy iscurrently building California’s first large-scale LNGproduction plant in the Mojave Desert,

approximately 75 miles northeast ofLos Angeles. At the new plant, Clean Energy will liquefy pipeline gas for shipment tocustomers by tanker trailers. Initialproduction capacity is anticipated tobe 160,000 LNG gallons per day,with a potential for expansion, asneeded, up to 240,000 gallons perday.

Clean Energy Opens LNG Fueling Station to Support CA Port Effort

Andrew Littlefair

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