Oliver.Gunasekara@arm Global Director of Wireless, ARM

1THE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE DIGITAL WORLD TM

[email protected] Director of Wireless, ARM

THE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE DIGITAL WORLD TM

DigITal Lifestyle


Contents Mobile Trends ARM Technology Trends Handset of 2008?


ARM Classification of Terminals Voice phone <$60 bill of materials

B&W, small size LCD (96 x 65 pixels) 2/2.5G; no software download; no applications - just SMS Close phone; no execution environment Focused on emerging markets: China, India, E. Europe, etc.

Feature phone <$200 bill of materials Colour, medium size LCD (128x128 pixels) Java (J2ME MIDP) and/or BREW execution environment Focused on upgrade markets: W. Europe, Japan, N. America etc

Smart phone <$150 bill of materials Colour, medium size LCD (176 x 208 pixels or greater) Java (J2ME MIDP) and native code execution environment Additional applications co-processor + modem (baseband) Camera, Bluetooth, MMC, OpenOS, one-handed use

PDA (including wireless PDA) Two-handed use, pen or keyboard

OpenOS OS & middleware that uses MMU Native code execution environment Linux, Palm OS, SavaJe, Symbian OS or Windows CE


CPU trends in Phones

Past 2003 2004 2005

Voice phones

BaseBand

Apps

Bluetooth

3D

2001 2002

Feature phones

Smart phones

Key

PhoneShips

ES

Licence

2006

ARM926EJ-S

ARM926EJ-S

ARM1136J-S

ARM7TDMI

ARM7TDMI

ARM926EJ-S

ARM946E-S

ARM7TDMI

ARM1136J(F)-S

MBX

ARM1156E-S

ARM7TDMI

ARM1136J(F)-SMBX

ARM7TDMI

ARM7TDMI ARM926EJ-S ARM926EJ-S

ARM1156E-SARM1156E-S

ARM926EJ-S

You are here!

Swerve


Trends - ARM9 class phones are here

The ARM926E-J powered era is here to enable exciting content & services.

Diversity is thriving in modems, applications, OS, execution environment, connectivity & market segmentation.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.


Trends - Wireless data growth

Growth in data capable phones is undeniable Transition from ARM7 based designs to ARM926EJ-S >70% of the market will be Java enabled

Java, Symbian, Linux… Predicted trend in ARPU switch from voice to data driven by OTA

delivery Operators seek opportunities to increase data ARPU (Many require

Security)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2G 2.5G 3G

Mill

ion

Un

its

Data-capable phones are expected to represent 75-90% of the market segment by 2006 - Source: IDC, Gartner


Trend - Technology enables better ARPU Voice handsets focussed on cost

Enabled mass adoption

Increased ARPU needs better services Colour, memory, more CPU I-mode, I-appli, BREW Java, Microsoft, Symbian, etc.

Trade-off technology / BOM cost Platform for services Better user experience

Some Carriers are beginning to offer increasing levels of subsedeses to Open OS phones They know these phones increase ARPU E.g. Nokia 3650 free with subscription


Trends - Japan QVGA becomes common.

Many services require a good resolution display e.g. Display of a goal being scored. High end LCD is approximately 20% of BOM.

1.3m pixel camera moving to 2m ARM926E-J replaces ARM7TDMI for higher performance platform. Multiple ARM cores become common

Modem, Apps, Bluetooth, GPS, Camera JTEK licensed to enable high performance Java apps. 3D Rendering engine important to ARPU. (OpenGL ES) Open OS to replace extended RTOS


Trend - 3D Graphics Performance

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

3500000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Tri

/se

c (

lit, s

mo

oth

sh

ad

ed

, te

xtu

red

)

Low End

High End

Sub QVGA/QCIF

QVGA/CIF VGA SVGA


Trends - Silicon real estate The answer is 4 sq mm (~40 cents of silicon). But chip development costs and complexity are rising

Architecture, Design, Verification, SW, Community ASSP approach replaces ASIC approach

IP Cores and Platforms drive re-use

4

16K+16K

0.09

ARM1136J-S™

783120Design (my)

ARMv6ARMv5TEJARMv4TArch

SoftSoftHardStyle

4.24.2Size mm2

8K+8K4K+4KCache

0.130.18Process

ARM926EJ-S™ARM940T™Core ARM1136J-S™


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2G 2.5G 3G

Mil

lio

n U

nit

s

Source: IDC & ARM

Smart& PDA

Feature

Voice

Trend - the rise of the smart phone


Software Complexity Increasing

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

2G 2.5G 3GBearer Technology

De

vic

e M

em

ory

Siz

e i

n

Me

ga

by

tes

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

(Lin

es

of

Co

de

X

10

00

)

Memory Footprint Software Complexity (Lines of Code)

MessagingVoice

+ Internet (WAP, i-Mode)

+ Java Applications + Multimedia


Development costs rise with functionality

•OpenOSphone

Functionality / Time

Cost

TTM

•Existingphone OS

•2004


Smart phones v Feature phones?

1. ARPU is much greater from Smart v Feature (Operator)• Better UI and more memory encourage greater use• Much richer execution environment for applications

2. Becoming more efficient to buy integrated OS instead of extending proprietary RTOS (OEM/ODM)

• 70% NRE spent on software 30% on hardware• ~400 engineers need each year to maintain platform• Open OS allows off the shelf integration of 3rd party IP

3. Hardware Bill of Materials (BOM) reducing (End user)• End user cost for is the same• Apps processor + Memory + OS = ~20% cost• Single chip baseband & application CPU

NetOps

OEM


Enabling content & services: Performance

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Past 2003 2005 2007

Messaging

Multimedia

Games

J2ME

Imaging

Speech

Productivity

Location services

Security

DMIPS

Source: ARM with inputs from OEM’s, OS & Application vendors

Multimedia and Games consuming 50% MIPS required!

ARM7 ARM9 ARM11 Tiger


Trends: Processor PerformanceP

erfo

rman

ce D

MIP

S

2004 2005

325

440

500

130nm

ARM926EJ-S™

ARM1136J-S™ ARM1176JZ-S™

-TrustZone-IEM-AMBA™ v3.0

Worst case conditions

90nm1000

Release

Development“Tiger”(90nm)

“MPCore”

“Tiger”(65nm)

-Jazelle

-ARMv6 SIMD

-4 way ARM11-SMP


Trend: Openness in phones

Traditional phones were ‘Closed’ No ability to add software after you buy the phone

Current phones use J2ME ‘Java’ Use MIDP 1.0 and KVM, MIDP 2.0 & CLDC HI coming Better than ‘Closed’ phones but major limitations:-

Slow execution speeds due to SW VM’s, HW acceleration helps Limited API’s, no sounds, etc. in MIDP v1 Fragmented platform, version of games for each phone

Future Smart phones will use Open OS Symbian, SavaJe, Linux, Microsoft Native execution for higher performance Much richer API’s for richer Apps Common standard for 3rd apps developers

E.G. Nokia Series 60 or Microsoft Smartphone 2003

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.


Trends: Security

Non-secure Traditional

Secure domain

TrustZone adds a “parallel world” to allow trusted programs and data to be safely separated from the operating system and applications.

Implementation is mixed hardware inside the core and software.

First implementation isin ARM1176JZ(F)-S


100%

0%

Required processing speed

0%

100%Power consumption

Energy taken from the battery

Intelligent Energy management

Trends: Energy Management (IEM)

Time

Traditional on/off

Traditionalon/off


Trends - Multimedia

Multimedia & Game are a huge driver for Si Power Efficiency moving codecs from

ARM->DSP->Custom HW ARM solutions

v5 ‘E’ extensions, good for Audio codecs v6 SIMD good for video codecs OptimoDE, Fast & Flexible custom HW v7 SIMD (Neon), Audio, Video, FP & Graphics Swerve (3D SW) / MBX (3d HW)


ARM Innovation focused on Wireless

IEM

TrustZone

MBX

Java 7.5x faster & longer battery life

35% longer battery life with energy management SW

Hardware security for SW (DRM, etc.)

Efficient DSP for multimedia

High performance 3D Graphics at low power

Efficient & fast development tools

Fast time to market with ARM platform IP


Mobile Standards are required

Services & Applications

Networks & Radio Access

Processor Interfaces

www.mipi.org


Convergence 2008?

SmartPhone

iPod (4GB)

+ +GPS

UWB


Summary Services & applications require rich Open OS’s

The more open a handset the better data services Open OS will increase ARPU

It is more cost effective to license an Open OS than to create one from scratch

Smart Open OS will dominate (>50%) market share in upgrading markets within 3-5 year period

Multiple device form factors will continue Longterm Laptops will move away from x86 ‘Tiger’ based laptop could could much less and last a week

Multiple Wireless Networks GSM, GPRS, 3GSM, WiFi, Bluetooth, UWB

Software is the unifying platform

Oliver.Gunasekara@arm Global Director of Wireless, ARM

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