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Transcript of Oil and Derivatives - Técnico Lisboa - Autenticação - UNIVERSO DA INDUSTRIA PETROLIFERA; Gomes,...
Course Seminar
João Brito 2013/2014
6/3/2014 Instituto Superior Técnico
Oil and Derivatives
Agenda
• Refinery – Scheme
– Processes
• Derivatives and utilities – Propane/Butane
– Gasoline
– Kerosene
– Diesel
– Others
• Curiosities
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Refinery
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- True Bubble Point
- Distillation of Petroleum
- Physical and Chemical Processes
- Products of commercial interest
3
Source: UNIVERSO DA INDUSTRIA PETROLIFERA; Gomes, Jorge Salgado e Fernando
Refinary - Scheme
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Atmospheric Distillation
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- Separates HC
- Elevated Temperatures
- TºC Limits:
- Heavy Fraction 400ºC
- Light Fraction 90ºC
- Divisions in Products
5
Source:http://diariodopresal.wordpress.com/o-que-e-o-pre-sal/torre-de-fracionamento-de-petroleo-2/
Refinary - Scheme
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Treatment of amine
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- Removing acid gás (sweetening)
- Set of Processes (Aqueous Sol.)
- Corrosion rate go down (Main Objective)
7
Source: http://www.process-instruments-inc.com/pages/amine.html
Refinary - Scheme
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Hydrotreating
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- Mix Hidrogen in Oil
- Catalyzer removes contaminants
- Jet
- Contaminants Sulfur
9
Source: http://dc143.4shared.com/doc/ggxldWBX/preview.html
Refinary - Scheme
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Catalytic Reforming
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- High TºC w/catalyst
- High pressures
- Three objectives:
- Increase the octane number
- Produce aromatic
- Produce Hydrogen
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Refinary - Scheme
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Vacuum Distillation
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- TºC 380ºC-550ºC
- Distillation heavy distillates
13
Source: http://carlosedison.blogspot.pt/2010/05/destilacao-vacuo-do-petroleo.html
Refinary - Scheme
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Cracking
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- Break large HC
- Heat/Catalyzer
- Catalyzer
- Diesel (base oil)
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Source: Programa Canal Histório “ Maravilhas modernas – Petroleo e Seus derivados.”
Refinary - Scheme
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Visbreaking
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- Thermal Cracking
- Reduces Viscosity
- Main Objectives:
- Reduce Viscosity
- Decrease the residual oil (-$)
- Increase médium distillates
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Source: http://www.setlaboratories.com/therm/tabid/107/Default.aspx
Refinary - Scheme
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Derivatives
– Butane/Propane
– Gasoline
– Kerosene
– Diesel
– Others
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Source: http://www.vgas.biz/
Derivatives
– Butane/Propane
– Gasoline
– Kerosene
– Diesel
– Others
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Source: http://www.petroiberica.pt/portal/?id=1197
Derivatives
– Propane/Butane
– Gasoline
– Kerosene
– Diesel
– Others
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Source: http://www.lowes.com/pd_156587-78-CKE83_0__?productId=3014435
Source: http://www.airport-suppliers.com/supplier/Air_BP/
Derivatives
– Propane/Butane
– Gasoline
– Kerosene
– Diesel
– Others
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Source: http://www.oleofat.com/produtos/1/combustiveis
Derivatives
– Propane/Butane
– Gasoline
– Kerosene
– Diesel
– Others
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Curiosities
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Source: http://oilpro.com/q/462/what-is-in-a-barrel-of-crude
Curiosities
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1 m3 of biogas with 65% of CH4
contains:
- 0,6 m3 of Natural gas;
- 0,882 liter of propane;
- 0,789 liter of butane;
- 0,628 liter of gasoline;
- 0,575 liter of fuel oil;
- 0,455 kg of Bituminous Coal;
- 1,602 kg of dry wood.
Source: http://www.ebah.com.br/content/ABAAAAgjYAI/biogas
Bibliography - UNIVERSO DA INDUSTRIA PETROLIFERA; Gomes, Jorge Salgado e Fernando
- Arthur Kohl and Richard Nielson. Gas Purification. 5th Edition ed. [S.l.: s.n.], 1997. ISBN 0-88415-220-0 (18/04/2014)
- Gary, J.H. and Handwerk, G. E.. Petroleum Refining Technology and Economics. 2ª Edition ed. [S.l.: s.n.], 1984. ISBN 0-8247-7150-8 (18/04/2014)
- http://www.flexim.com/pt-br/oil-and-gas/midstream-gas/gas-processing/gas-sweetening (18/04/2014)
- http://www.process-instruments-inc.com/pages/amine.html (imagem)
- http://dc143.4shared.com/doc/ggxldWBX/preview.html
- Jha, Alok. "New catalyst boosts hydrogen as transport fuel". The Guardian (18/04/2014).
- http://www.google.pt/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&sqi=2&ved=0CFgQFjAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fcai.uncu.edu.ar%2Fupload%2FREFORMING%2520catalitico.ppt&ei=FU9iU9-bNYyw7Aa444GYCQ&usg=AFQjCNHkClr2kXiWdllLfW5OcImgmkCUFQ
- Programa Canal Histório “ Maravilhas modernas – Petroleo e Seus derivados.”
- James H. Gary and Glenn E. Handwerk (1984). Petroleum Refining Technology and Economics (2nd Edition ed.). Marcel Dekker, Inc. ISBN 0-8247-7150-8.
- James G. Speight (2006). The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum (4th Edition ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-9067-2.
- http://br.exceptionalenergy.com/newsroom/49/191/Diferenca-entre-propano-e-butano/
- http://noticias.autocosmos.cl/2010/12/20/que-tipo-de-octanaje-necesita-mi-vehiculo
• querosene. O Infopédia (em linha). Porto Editora (2003-2009)
• Brasil.gov - Pesquisadores brasileiros desenvolvem bioquerosene de aviação feito a partir de sobras
• http://www.ihrdc.com/els/po-demo/module09/mod_009_02.htm
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Thanks You
for
Your Attencion
João Brito
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