OIE Initiatives for Zoonoses ControlOIE Initiatives for Zoonoses Control

WHO Regional Meeting on Zoonotic DiseasesWHO Regional Meeting on Zoonotic DiseasesJakarta, IndonesiaJakarta, Indonesia

6-8 November 20076-8 November 2007

T. FujitaT. FujitaOIE Regional Representation for Asia and the PaicificOIE Regional Representation for Asia and the Paicific

Tokyo, JapanTokyo, Japan

ContentsContents

Why Emerging/Transbounday Animal DiseWhy Emerging/Transbounday Animal Diseases?ases?Needs for preparedness and appropriate rNeeds for preparedness and appropriate responsesesponsesOIE’s functions for animal health and ZoonOIE’s functions for animal health and ZoonosesosesGF-TADs including HPAI as zoonotic diseGF-TADs including HPAI as zoonotic diseaseaseOIE Regional HPAI control projectOIE Regional HPAI control projectSummarySummary

Why Emerging/Transboundary AniWhy Emerging/Transboundary Animal Diseases (TADs)?mal Diseases (TADs)?

Globalization/borderless era – increase of Traveling, InteGlobalization/borderless era – increase of Traveling, International Trade (including unrestricted trade of animals; rnational Trade (including unrestricted trade of animals; both domestic and wild, and animal products) both domestic and wild, and animal products) Expansion of Human Population; esp. into areas not preExpansion of Human Population; esp. into areas not previously inhabitedviously inhabitedEnvironmental Changes; Global climate changeEnvironmental Changes; Global climate change

<vectors><vectors>Changes of Agricultureal Production SystemsChanges of Agricultureal Production SystemsMicrobiological Adaptation <HPAI>Microbiological Adaptation <HPAI>Restructuring ConsumerismRestructuring ConsumerismImprovement of Diagnostic capabilityImprovement of Diagnostic capabilityOthersOthers

Socio-economic Impacts of EmergiSocio-economic Impacts of Emerging Diseases/TADsng Diseases/TADs

Strong negative impacts on animal productivity aStrong negative impacts on animal productivity and Economic lossesnd Economic lossesThreats to human health <Zoonoses>Threats to human health <Zoonoses>Food safety and Consumers’ concerns and confiFood safety and Consumers’ concerns and confidence in food <Zoonoses>dence in food <Zoonoses>Loss of trading opportunitiesLoss of trading opportunitiesIncreased uncertainty on stability of production Increased uncertainty on stability of production managementmanagementSocio-economic confusionSocio-economic confusion

Needs for Preparedness and Appropriate Responses

1. Recognition of Nature of Increasing Emerging diseases/TADs –borderless

2. Transparent and timely notification of disease occurrences and animal health information by a country– for country itself (disease control and credibility) and for neighboring and trade partners (preparedness)

3. Strengthening Veterinary Services for effective and challenging measures to control diseases at Source

(Early detection – diagnosis, surveillance, epidemiological networks, Early warning systems, and Early response; organizing control measures)

4. Strengthen animal health infrastructure; e.g. Laboratories, Technologies, Communication links with stakeholders, etc.

5. Strengthen linkages between central and local (fields) levels

6. Strengthen relationship with neighboring countries (Regional cooperation) and trading partners

7. Strengthen linkages and collaboration between animal health and public health authorities (zoonoses, to reduce health risks in humans and animals)

OIE at a glanceOIE at a glance

World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)an intergovernmental organisationan intergovernmental organisationfounded in 1924 founded in 1924 – by 28 countriesby 28 countries– predates the UNpredates the UN170 Member Countries (2007)170 Member Countries (2007)headquarters in Parisheadquarters in Paris– 5 Regional Representations (Tokyo for Asia 5 Regional Representations (Tokyo for Asia

and the Pacific, and the Pacific, andand Bangkok Branch Office) Bangkok Branch Office)

Objectives of OIEObjectives of OIE

1. 1. To ensureTo ensure transparencytransparency in the in the global animal disease situationglobal animal disease situation..

22 　．　． To collect, analyse and disseminate To collect, analyse and disseminate scientific veterinary informationscientific veterinary information..

33. To contribute expertise and encourage . To contribute expertise and encourage international solidarity in the international solidarity in the control of animal diseasescontrol of animal diseases..

44. Within its mandate under the WTO SPS Agreement, to . Within its mandate under the WTO SPS Agreement, to safeguard world safeguard world tradetrade by publishing by publishing health standardshealth standards for international trade in animals for international trade in animals and animal products.and animal products.

55. To improve the . To improve the legal frameworklegal framework and resources of National Veterinary and resources of National Veterinary Services.Services.

66. To provide a better guarantee of the . To provide a better guarantee of the safety of foodsafety of food of animal origin and of animal origin and to promote to promote animal welfareanimal welfare through a science-based approach through a science-based approach

OIE Standards for OIE Standards for Terrestrial AnimalsTerrestrial Animals

Terrestrial Animal Health Terrestrial Animal Health Code (the Terrestrial Code)Code (the Terrestrial Code)

Manual of Diagnostic Tests Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals (the Terrestrial Manual)Animals (the Terrestrial Manual)

WTO-SPS and OIEWTO-SPS and OIE

WTO-SPS; Member countries having two options to WTO-SPS; Member countries having two options to protect against the animal and public health risks protect against the animal and public health risks associated with the importation of animals and animal associated with the importation of animals and animal productsproducts

Options Options (1) OIE International Standards (OIE recognized (1) OIE International Standards (OIE recognized by WTO as the International Standard Setting by WTO as the International Standard Setting Organization for animal health)Organization for animal health) (2) Adoption of a higher level of protection than that (2) Adoption of a higher level of protection than that provided by the international standard; the use of provided by the international standard; the use of scientific risk analysisscientific risk analysis

Risk analysis in the OIE CodeRisk analysis in the OIE Code

Animal Health (Zoonosis) Measures Animal Health (Zoonosis) Measures in the OIE Codein the OIE Code

Taking into account the nature of the commodity Taking into account the nature of the commodity and animal health status; and animal health status; Health measures make reference to the animal Health measures make reference to the animal health situationhealth situationIn compliance with WTO obligationsIn compliance with WTO obligationsLatest scientific information based on an Latest scientific information based on an assessment of the risks by commoditiesassessment of the risks by commoditiesEvaluation of Veterinary Services to be Evaluation of Veterinary Services to be conductedconductedZoning and compartmentalization applied where Zoning and compartmentalization applied where appropriateappropriate

Notification of diseasesNotification of diseases

1. Transparent and timely notification of 1. Transparent and timely notification of disease occurrences for control and disease occurrences for control and preparednesspreparedness

WAHIS (WAHIS (WWorld orld AAnimal nimal HHealth ealth IInformation nformation SSystem of OIE); ystem of OIE); OIE Web-siteOIE Web-site

OIE’s activities on ZoonosesOIE’s activities on Zoonoses(Examples)(Examples)

International Committee Specialist International Committee Specialist

Commissions Ad hoc groups, Working Groups Commissions Ad hoc groups, Working Groups

Scientists, Commissions, DelegatesScientists, Commissions, Delegates

Working Groups and Ad Hoc Groups Working Groups and Ad Hoc Groups

- Food Safety- Food Safety

- Animal Identification and Traceability- Animal Identification and Traceability

- Wildlife diseases- Wildlife diseases

- Salmonellosis, etc.- Salmonellosis, etc.

Individual zoonosesIndividual zoonoses(Examples in OIE Code)(Examples in OIE Code)

Avian InfluenzaAvian Influenza

Bovine brucellosisBovine brucellosis

BSEBSE

RabiesRabies

Salmonellosis (Salmonellosis (S. enteritidis & S. typhimuriumS. enteritidis & S. typhimurium))

TuberculosisTuberculosis

Disease SurveillanceDisease Surveillance

Surveillance Programmes; Essential for reports Surveillance Programmes; Essential for reports of animal health statusof animal health statusNational surveillance systems; address key epidNational surveillance systems; address key epidemiological features of pathogens including descemiological features of pathogens including description of host populations and environmental asription of host populations and environmental assessmentsessmentGeneral guidelines for animal health surveillance General guidelines for animal health surveillance (Code Sec. 3.8)(Code Sec. 3.8)Guidelines for the surveillance of Avian InfluenzaGuidelines for the surveillance of Avian Influenza

(Code Sec. 3.8.9) (Code Sec. 3.8.9)

Animal Identification and Animal Identification and TraceabilityTraceability

Guidelines for the identification and traceability of live aniGuidelines for the identification and traceability of live animals (Code Sec. 3.5)mals (Code Sec. 3.5)

To improve significantly the effectiveness of the manageTo improve significantly the effectiveness of the management of disease outbreaks and food safety incidents, vacment of disease outbreaks and food safety incidents, vaccination programmes, herd/flock husbandary, zoning/cocination programmes, herd/flock husbandary, zoning/compartmentalization, surveillance, early response and notimpartmentalization, surveillance, early response and notification systems, animal movement controls, and inspectification systems, animal movement controls, and inspection and certification procedureson and certification procedures

Ad Hoc Group for Animal Identification and traceabilityAd Hoc Group for Animal Identification and traceability

Animal Production Food SafetyAnimal Production Food Safety

Guidelines for the control of biological hazards of Guidelines for the control of biological hazards of animal health and public health importance, animal health and public health importance, through ante- and post-mortem meat inspection through ante- and post-mortem meat inspection (Section 3.10)(Section 3.10)

Working Group of Food Safety working with Working Group of Food Safety working with CAC; for joint development of International CAC; for joint development of International Standards, mutual recognition of Standards and Standards, mutual recognition of Standards and clear linkages between Standardsclear linkages between Standards

Veterinary ServicesVeterinary Services

Quality of Veterinary Services (VSs); conform to Quality of Veterinary Services (VSs); conform to fundamental ethical, organizational and technical fundamental ethical, organizational and technical principlesprinciples

Evaluation of VSs; Quality to be assertained Evaluation of VSs; Quality to be assertained through an evaluationthrough an evaluation (1) Self evaluation(1) Self evaluation (2) Evaluation of VSs another country(2) Evaluation of VSs another country (3) OIE’s option; PVS (Performance, Vision and (3) OIE’s option; PVS (Performance, Vision and Strategy Instrument)Strategy Instrument)

GF-TADsGF-TADsFAO/OIE Global Framework for progressive control of TrFAO/OIE Global Framework for progressive control of Transboundary Animal Diseases (GF-TADs)ansboundary Animal Diseases (GF-TADs)

Control of targeted priority animal diseases including HPControl of targeted priority animal diseases including HPAIAI

3 Sub-Regions; Countries in ASEAN, SAARC and SPC3 Sub-Regions; Countries in ASEAN, SAARC and SPC

Regional Steering Committee and Permanent Secretariat Regional Steering Committee and Permanent Secretariat (OIE Tokyo)(OIE Tokyo)

OIE/Japan Special Trust Fund Project on HPAI OIE/Japan Special Trust Fund Project on HPAI Control at Source in Southeast AsiaControl at Source in Southeast Asia

Donor (Japan); to OIE and FAO for HPAI controlDonor (Japan); to OIE and FAO for HPAI control

Under GF-TADsUnder GF-TADs

April 2006 – March 2008April 2006 – March 2008

OIE components;OIE components; 1. Support to development of HPAI control strategies1. Support to development of HPAI control strategies 2. Development of Regional HPAI Information Systems 2. Development of Regional HPAI Information Systems 3. Capacity building of Veterinary Services in Laboratory 3. Capacity building of Veterinary Services in Laboratory diagnosis and thus provision of modern laboratory diagnosis and thus provision of modern laboratory equipment and materialsequipment and materials 4. Training of Field Veterinarians and Para-Professionals4. Training of Field Veterinarians and Para-Professionals

SummarySummary

Importance of control and prevention of animal dImportance of control and prevention of animal diseases including zoonotic diseasesiseases including zoonotic diseases

Early detection and responsesEarly detection and responses

Control measures at sourceControl measures at source

Capacity building of Veterinary ServicesCapacity building of Veterinary Services

PartnershipPartnership

Thank you for your attention!!

T. Fujita, OIE Tokyo