Analysis and Evaluation of Pumping Test Data Second Edition (Completely Revised)

G.P. Kruseman Senior hydrogeologist, TNO Institute of Applied Geoscience, Delft

N.A. de Ridder Senior hydrogeologist, International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement, Wageningen and Professor in Hydro geology, Free University, Amsterdam

With assistance from J.M. Verweij Freelance hydrogeologist

Publication 4 7

International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement, P.O. Box45, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands, 1994.

NRC-110 Submitted: 9/28/2015

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Figure 3.6 Analysis of data from pumping test 'Oude Korendijk' with the Theis method, Procedure 3.3

Remarks - When the hydraulic characteristics have to be calculated separately for each pie­

zometer, a plot of s versus tors versus 1/t for each p1ezometer is used with a type curve W(u) versus l /u or W(u) versus u, respectively;

- In applying the Theis curve-fitting method, and consequently all curve-fitting meth­ods, one should, in general, give less weight to the early data because they may not closely represent the theoretical drawdown equation on which the type curve is based. Among other things, the theoretical equations are based on the assump­tions that the well discharge remains constant and tha t the release of the water stored in the aquifer is immediate and directly proportional to the rate of decline of the pressure head. In fact. there may be a time lag between the pressure decline and lhe release of stored water, and initially also the well discharge may vary as the pump is adjusting itself to the changing head. This probably causes initial dis­agreement between theory and actual flow. As the time of pumping extends, these effects are minimized and closer agreement may be attained~

- 1 f the observed data on the logarithmic p]ot exhibit a flat curvature, several appar­ently good matching positions, depending on personal judgement, may be obtained. In such cases, the graphical solution becomes practically indeterminate and one must resort to other methods.

Example33 The Theis method will be applied to the unsteady-state data from the pumping test

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