Office Ergonomics- A guide to prevent Musculo-skeletal Injuries Dr Prabhat Lakkireddi M.S.Ortho,...

Office Ergonomics- A guide to prevent Musculo-skeletal

InjuriesDr Prabhat Lakkireddi

M.S.Ortho, MRCS (UK), FRCS Orthopaedics (UK)Consultant- Revision Joint Replacement & Sports Injuries

SurgeonApollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills

Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, [email protected] 1

“The science of fitting the job to the worker” Ergo: Work Nomics: Study of

Ergonomics


What are the benefits of ergonomics?

•Reduction of work-related injuries

•Increased worker productivity

•Increased work quality

•Reduced absenteeism

•Increased morale

Ergonomics provides a win-win situation…..on and off the job

YOU JUST FEEL

BETTER!


Who’s At Risk?

Nearly everyone, but women report more incidents of discomfort

Low motivation

Poor workstation design

Pregnant

Obese

Lack general physical capabilities, such as strength

People who feel as if they lack control over work pace, environment, and communication


Working in awkward postures / positions

Prolonged sitting and standing Bending, reaching, stretching Driving for extended periods of time Heavy lifting Awkward lifting Lifting in combination with twisting Pushing, pulling, carrying Accidents, slips, trips, falls Vibration

Job Risk Factors


RESULTING INJURIES ARE CALLED:

Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD),

Or Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI),

Or Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD)


2) Dynamic work

What two elements What two elements are at work? are at work?

1) Static work: musculoskeletal effort required to hold a certain position, even a comfortable one.

Example: sit & work at computers; keeping head and torso upright requires small or great amounts of static work depending on the efficiency of the body positions we chose.

Muscles fatigue faster when they are held in one position.


Static muscle contraction

Muscle tense

Blood flow is reduced INJURY/ DISABILITY

Muscle nutrition is reduced Muscle Pain & fatigue

Waste products (lactic acid) build up

How injuries occur?


Key issue is recovery time - the time required for tissue to restore nutrition,

replace cells, dissipate byproducts - rest breaks

Some newer research demonstrates that repetition

is significantly less of a problem vs. posture

A word on repetition


SYMPTOMS OF MSD

Muscle fatigue or pain Aching Burning Numbness Stiffness Tingling


SIGNS OF MSD

Decreased range of motion

Loss of function Deformity Cramping Loss of color

Decreased grip strength Loss of balance Swelling Redness


Adaptation vs. Injury the fork in the road…

Adapt Soft tissue

remodels More strength More stability More endurance Discomfort

decreases

Injury Soft tissue breaks

down Less strength Less stability Less tolerance for

use Discomfort

increasesFrench & Zecha, 2005


MORE FREQUENTLY OCCURRING OCCUPATIONALLY INDUCED DISORDERS:

Hand problems- nerve pinch or nerve entrapment Triggering of fingers

Neck and back problems Spondylitis Tingling in fingers and toes

Knee problems Meniscal tear Cartilage damage ACL rupture


CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROMEOne of the best known MSDs

The median nerve does not work properly due to pressure on the nerve as it runs through an opening called the carpel tunnel

Numbness is usually first symptom.

Pain & tingling, can go up the arm to the shoulder and neck, causing waking to pain in middle of night


GUYON’S CANAL SYNDROME Similar to carpel tunnel

Guyon’s affects the ulnar nerve as it passes through the Guyon canal in the wrist; this is similar to carpal tunnel, but involves a different nerve.

Unlike carpel tunnel, Guyon’s affects the little and ring fingers.

Can be in conjunction with carpal tunnelQueries- Mob: 800 845 2222, [email protected] 15

TRIGGER FINGER

Trigger finger affects the ability of tendons to slip back and forth. The tendon and/or ligament thicken and a nodule forms

This can be caused by rheumatoid arthritis, lacerations of tendon, gripping power tools, long hours of grasping steering wheel, or birth defects

Symptoms are pain and a funny clicking sensation


TENNIS ELBOW

Overuse or misuse of the forearm muscles can cause tendonitis, or a painful inflammation of the tendons connecting these muscles to bone.

This condition is brought on or aggravated by poor leverage causing an uneven distribution of force on a few muscles. This may be when working, or during certain leisure activities, such as sports and gardening.

Symptom are severe pain.


General joint stiffness Acute strains and sprains Degenerative disk disease Bulging disc Herniated disc Osteoarthritis

Common Back Disorders


Keyhole ACL reconstruction


Keyhole Cartilage transplantation

1st stage cartilage harvest


2nd stage Cartilage implantation


Mini Knee: MIKRS


Mini Knee


Don’t worry- we the Apollo family will take care

Prevention is better than Cure

Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, [email protected]

24

POSTURE


Load & leverage Think about posture

Forward head Sitting Reaching

Posture check: reaching & bending

it’s all connected and it’s all about physics…


POSTURE & ANGLES


Posture checkIncreased stress, decreased

circulation…

Higher risk Lower risk


BODY ANGLES HEAD SHOULDERS ELBOWS HANDS WAIST LEGS FEET


SITTING POSTURES


MORE ANGLES…


EXERCISES & STRETCHES

These are exercises or stretches that can be performed at your workstation, home, just about anywhere.


EYE

Eye comfort exercises Blinking Yawning Focus change


NECK STRETCH

Tilt ear towards shoulder Reach up and touch top of head with palm to hold

in tilted position Hold 5-10 seconds. Repeat 2-3 times (come out of

stretch slowly) Reverse side and repeat


Office of Horrors


Ideal Office


An ounce of Prevention is worth a pound of cure !

Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, [email protected]

Office Ergonomics- A guide to prevent Musculo-skeletal Injuries Dr Prabhat Lakkireddi M.S.Ortho,...

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