OER and the Economies of Sale - CAMEX 2014

Slide 1

CAMEX 2014

Charles Key

The Economies of Sale

The Emerging Market for OER

March 7, 2014

Open Doors Group

by.epsExcept where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

CK headshot 400x400.jpgCharles Key

Open Doors Group

Director of Adoptions, College Open Textbooks, and Grants

[email protected]

http://www.opendoorsgroup.orghttp://www.collegeopentextbooks.org

cot_logo_w_title_improved.pngodg_logo_wo_box.pngOpen Doors Group (ODG) is a not-for-profit organization that seeks toIncrease access to education by lowering barriers for all learners. We are active in a wide range of activities, including our major projects:College Open Textbooks

Communities

MOOCs

ODG Consulting

College Open Textbooks (COT)Online referatory of over 750 open and affordable textbooks, primarily for two-year college level courses

Active online community of over 1500 members

Twenty Communities of Practice organized around specific academic disciplines or interests.

We advocate for the adoption of OER as well as Affordable CARR

The Point Is

Higher ed is in a cost crisis

Digital technology has changed the equation for creating, storing, and communicating information

OER are an increasingly important part of the solution

Campus stores can thrive in this environment

The Problem

A crisis in higher education caused by rapidly increasing costs, leading to decreased access and compromised learning outcomes.

The Rising Cost of Everything

Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics

OMG!

Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics

Student Loan Debt Soaring

Textbook Cost as a % of Tuition

http://money.cnn.com/2011/10/26/pf/college/college_tuition_costhttp://www.studentpirgs.org/campaigns/sp/make-textbooks-affordablehttps://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/pay-for-college/college-costs/college-costs-faqshttps://www.collegedata.com/cs/content/content_payarticle_tmpl.jhtml?articleId=10064Average annual cost of tuition and feesPublic two-year college (in state): ~$3000

Public four-year college (in state): ~$8500

Average annual cost of books and suppliesPublic college: ~$1200

The Cost Disparity at 2-Year Colleges: Take 2

Community college in-state tuition: $46/unitCost of two 4-unit courses: $368Organic Chemistry by Janice Smith: $195Study Guide & Solutions Manual: $126

Students tell College Open Textbooks:Its not uncommon for the cost of textbooks to double the cost of tuition at the 2-year college level.

Calsidyrose by Curiosities CC BYhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/calsidyrose/4686098399/in/photostream/

The Effect

60%+ do not purchase textbooks at some point due to cost

35% take fewer courses due to textbook cost

31% choose not to register for a course due to textbook cost

23% regularly go without textbooks due to cost

14% have dropped a course due to textbook cost

10% have withdrawn from a course due to textbook cost

Source: 2012 student survey by Florida Virtual Campuswww.projectkaleidoscope.org

There are no winners

The Response

Entrepreneurs view market inefficiencies as opportunities. The convergence of the cost crisis, the digital revolution and new technologies is causing a fundamental shift in the way we view and provide education.

OER

MOOCs

GovernmentalPolicy

Ed SpaceStartups

explosion.jpegOpen Data

State-WideRepositories

Entrepreneurship is Exploding

Khan Academy 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:image/jpeg;base64,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

MOOC_poster_mathplourde.jpgMOOC, every letter is negotiable by Mathieu Plourde CC BYhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/mathplourde/8620174342/sizes/l/in/photostream/

What are Open Educational Resources?

OER are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and re-purposing by others.

Open educational resources include full courses, course materials, modules, textbooks, streaming videos, tests, software, and any other tools, materials, or techniques used to support access to knowledge."

The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation

How Do You Know If It's Open?

The 4-Rs Framework

Reuse

Revise

Remix

Redistribute

A Simple Philosophy

http://ocw.mit.edu/index.htm

Open Free

There is an inherent cost to produce and maintain content.

This is independent of whether the producer charges the consumer for its use.

7 Reasons Why OER Arent Going Away

Savings

Improving Quality

Technology

Governmental Policy

Licensing Infrastructure

Academic Freedom

Open Movement

How Much Can Be Saved?

Higher Ed Savings Estimates$116.60 (Tacoma Community College 2013)$107.34 (Student PIRGs 2010)$101.69 (Student PIRGs 2011)$95.95 (Student PIRGs 2013)$90.61 (Project Kaleidoscope 2013)https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YikQJFigkv_AMmOw0C_E6i53UQ8UbAuDxnsZrIzfiFU/edit http://www.studentpirgs.org/reports/cover-cover-solutionhttp://www.studentpirgs.org/resources/cost-analysis-open-course-libraryhttp://www.studentpirgs.org/resources/updated-cost-analysis-open-course-library to be published

Average Savings: $100/student/class

How Much Has Been Saved in Higher Ed?

Total students served:771,263Total potential savings: $75M+

http://www.slideshare.net/txtbks/billion-dollar-keynote

Students Served

The Quality Issue

People intuitively feel that the more you pay for something, the higher its quality (You get what you pay for)

Theres a growing body of evidence that learning outcomes are as good or better when using OER than when using traditional commercial materials.

Studies Suggest

CMU Open Learning InitiativeA 2011 independent study of an OLI statistics course showed that OLI students performed as well or better than students in traditional instructor-led classes.

South Florida CollegeStudents using OpenStax physics textbook saw scores on concept inventory tests rise 30% over scores from the previous five years.

Houston Community CollegeIn 2011, 690 psychology students using a free, online textbook had improved learning outcomes in three areas.

Scottsdale Community CollegeA 2012 study found that math students in classes using OER had comparable overall grades and completion rates to students from previous, non-OER classes.

http://oli.cmu.edu/get-to-know-oli/see-our-proven-results/http://chaos.open.ac.uk/evidence/impact-of-openstax-textbook-on-physics-students-south-florida-college/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02680513.2012.716657#.UxQEqONdVuIhttp://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1523/2652

Curated Repositories

Washington State Open Course LibraryFlorida Orange GroveUniversity of Minnesota Open Textbook LibraryBCcampus CollectionOpenStax CollegeCalifornia Digital Open Source Library

Technology

Digital Storage

Wideband Access and Delivery Channels

DevicesE-readers

Tablets

Cell Phones

Authoring ToolsOERCommons OpenAuthor

Connexions Authoring Platform

AcademicPub Textbook Creation Platform

How Technology Influences Cost

For One 250 Page Book

Cost to CopyBy hand: $1,000

By print-on-demand: $4.90

By computer: $0.00084

Cost to DistributeBy mail: $5.20

By print-on-demand: $0

By internet: $0.00072

CC BY: David Wiley, BYU

Production of Quality Content is Within Anyones Reach

Music

Video

Social Media

Websites

Magazines

Books

Governmental Policy

Summary of Current and Proposed Policy InitiativesRelated to Open Education and ResourcesSource: Creative Commons OER Policy Registry

48 Total Initiatives

http://wiki.creativecommons.org/OER_Policy_Registry

Licensing of Open Content

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/The_GNU_logo.pnghttp://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/icons/cc.large.pngGNU General Public LicenseA free, copyleft license for software and other kinds of works.

Creative Commons LicensesA set of six licenses for creative works.

http://www.clker.com/cliparts/l/U/p/T/E/Q/asterisk-md.pngLots of Others

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html

Creative Commons Licenses

http://www.slideshare.net/cgreen/keynote-ace-upcea-san-diego-sols14

Internationally Recognized

flags2.tiffhttp://www.slideshare.net/cgreen/keynote-ace-upcea-san-diego-sols14

A Notable Ancestor of OER

Free_Software_Foundation_logo_and_wordmark.svg.pngFounded in 1985 by Richard Stallman

Promotes the universal freedom to create, modify and distribute computer software

Pioneered Copyleft, a license which offers the right to distribute copies and modified versions of work, while requiring that the same rights be maintained in the copied work

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copylefthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation

And Another

512px-Tux.svg.pngTux by Larry Ewing, Simon Budig, and Anja Gerwinski

Linux

A Unix-compatible open operating system

A study of the Debian 4.0 release estimated and equivalent development cost of:73,000 person-years

$8.6B

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux(Open Free)

The Epitome of Open Content

135px-Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.svg.pngJimmy Wales, founder of Wikipedia, on Open Content:weve chosen the free licensing model because that empowers anybody to take our content and do anything they like with it

The English version contains nearly 4.5M articles

800px-Size_of_English_Wikipedia_in_August_2010_(L).svg.pngWikipedia comes close to Britannica in terms of the accuracy of its science entries, aNatureinvestigation finds.

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v438/n7070/full/438900a.htmlhttp://www.ted.com/talks/jimmy_wales_on_the_birth_of_wikipedia.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Size_of_English_Wikipedia_in_August_2010_(L).svg

Business Models for OER

The early model: No-cost content, pay for services and upgradesSpecial formats

Printed matter

Sustainability has been hard to come byFlat World Knowledge, an early leader in professional-grade open textbooks, has retreated and is now Affordable CARR

Boundless offers some no-cost content, but most is low-cost

The Wikipedia model hasnt yet worked for OER

Prominent ModelsGovernment/System Supported

For-Profit Publishers

College/Department

Individual Authors

Student Fees

New work by new digital-only providers with low overheadNACS reports that 77 cents of the textbook dollar goes to publisher overhead.

The software industry has shown that consumers are willing to pay for packaging and convenience

Business Models

Theres Money to be Made Selling Free Content

http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/RHAT/2991989334x0x657207/97DF4F83-606D-4AC5-9153-0B7B49C558CC/SEC-RHAT-1193125-13-173724.pdfThe content is free, the packaging is not.

Opportunities For Stores

ExpertisePartnershipsPrint-On-Demand

So Many Options

So Little Information

Surveys consistently show that educators who want to explore OER dont know where to goWide range of sources, from individual authors to curated repositories

No easy way to locate them

OER producers lack the marketing budgets to get the information to consumers

Many interested educators dont understand licensing issues

No database of adoptions data so that educators can find out what peers are using

Partnerships Will Be Key

Authors/Publishers

Information Providers

Students

Printers

Libraries

Faculty

Administration

Stores

Print-On-Demand

75-80% of students still want a printed copy, even when digital media is available

Offers a tangible way to participate when OER is used

Solves a persistent problem for retailers: inventory control

Bonus: Interest in self-publishing is booming

One POD Option

espresso.pnghttp://ondemandbooks.com/

Learn More About OER

Follow the links in this presentation

www.collegeopentextbooks.org

www.collegeopentextbooks.ning.com

Monthly webinars at CCCOER

http://oerconsortium.org/

Open Doors Group Can Help

A Community of Practice for Campus Stores

If there is enough interest, College Open Textbooks will create a Community of Practice to support campus stores

The CoP will be a social network group open to all who are interested in sharing information, expertise, ideas, best practices, and lessons learned around the subject of helping campus stores thrive in the new education environment

Interested?Contact [email protected]

ODG Consulting

ODG Consulting is a team of educational and technical experts dedicated to expanding educational opportunities for all learners. The ODG Consulting staff have expertise and skills in a range of areas including open and affordable textbooks and other Open Educational Resources (OER), licensing, digital and print publishing, tools, and courseware.

We have a wide range of product offerings including advising, presentations, surveys, research and analysis, pilots, project management, introductions, marketing plans, workshops, and more. Please check our web page for additional information.

To find out more about how ODG Consulting can help you develop affordable and innovative solutions that provide increasing access to education, [email protected].

http://www.opendoorsgroup.org/projects/odg-consulting/

Contact

Charles Key

Open Doors Group

Director of Adoptions, College Open Textbooks, and Grants

[email protected]

http://www.opendoorsgroup.orghttp://www.collegeopentextbooks.org

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OER and the Economies of Sale - CAMEX 2014

Education

Transcript of OER and the Economies of Sale - CAMEX 2014