OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2017: Setting the foundations for the digital transformation
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Transcript of OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2017: Setting the foundations for the digital transformation
OECD DIGITAL ECONOMYOUTLOOK2017
Seoul, 11 October 2017
Andrew Wyckoff, DirectorDirectorate for Science, Technology and Innovation
Setting the Foundations for
Digital Transformation
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Millions Smartphones Other mobile phones
Quarterly shipping trends of smartphones, 2010-13
Sources: www.washingtonpost.com and OECD Broadband Portal
2005 2013
http://pages.experts-exchange.com/processing-power-compared/
… but the advent of ubiquitous
computing is.
Autonomous machines and
systems
Artificial Intelligence
Cloud computing
Human-Machine
integration
System integration
Internet of Things
Big data
Simulations
Additive manufacturing(3D printing)
It fuels a bigger ecosystem that is
driving digital transformation …
„ … to ensure everyone benefits fromt the digital revolution.“
„Shaping Digitalisation for an Interconnected World.“
„To unleash the potential of digital economy ...“
… propelled to the top of the global
policy agenda.
The foundations for digital
transformation
Connectivity
Effective use
Policy review
Enhanced security
Policy co-ordination
Fixed broadband subscriptions are
growing …
Fixed broadband subscriptions, December 2016
By technology per 100 inhabitants
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20
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30
35
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45
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55
DSL Cable Fibre Satellite Fixed wireless Other
… but fibre is still low in many
countries.
Fixed broadband subscriptions, December 2016
Fibre connections per 100 inhabitants
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25
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Prices for fixed and mobile
broadband keep falling …
OECD trends in fixed and mobile broadband prices, 2013-16
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June 2013 Sept 2014 Sept 2015 June 2016
USD PPP
Fixed broadband
200 GB 20 GB 200 GB Korea
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May 2013 May 2014 Aug 2015 May 2016
USD PPP
Mobile broadband
100 calls + 500 MB 300 calls + 1 GB
900 calls + 2 GB 900 calls + 2 GB Korea
… mobile data usage is growing fast
with a few countries pressing ahead.
Top five countries in mobile data usage
Gigabytes per mobile broadband subscription per month
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2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
GB Finland Latvia Austria Sweden Denmark
Infrastructure and connectivity are
not enough: governments must
foster more effective use of
advanced digital technologies
The young and educated are leading
on Internet usage …
Internet users by age and educational attainment, 2016
As a percentage of the population aged 16-24
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60
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100
B. Among individuals aged 16-24%
High All Low
… while elderly and less educated
individuals lag behind.
Internet users by age and educational attainment, 2016
As a percentage of the population aged 55-74
High All Low
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A. Among individuals aged 55-74%
Governments must step up efforts to
empower people with the skills
needed to succeed in a digital world
and broaden access to digital
opportunities for all actors
Generic ICT skills are already much
in use, but often insufficient …
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%
All users Of which users with insufficient ICT skills
Workers using office productivity software at work every day
As a percentage of total population
… and digital transformation raises
demand for ICT specialists …
Rank Job
1 Skilled trade workers
2 IT staff
3 Sales representatives
4 Engineers
5 Technicians
6 Drivers
7 Accounting and finance staff
8 Management/executives
9 Production/machine operations
10 Office support staff
Top ten jobs that employers have difficulty filling, 2016
… who are still rare in many
countries and mostly male.
ICT specialists by gender, 2016
As a percentage of all male and female workers
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1
2
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%
Male Female
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% All enterprises 10-49 50-249 250+ All enterprises, 2010
Almost all firms are connected …
Enterprises’ broadband connectivity, by firm size, 2016
As a percentage of enterprises in each employment size class
… but firms could make greater use
of advanced ICT tools.
Diffusion of selected ICT tools and activities in enterprises, 2016
As a percentage of enterprises with ten or more employees
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Broadband Website E-purchases ERP CRM CloudComputing
E-sales Big Data RFID
%
Gap 1st and 3rd quartiles Average Lowest Highest Korea
To navigate the digital transformation,
governments should review legacy
frameworks, embrace digital innovation,
and mitigate potential social cost
I don’t need a car, I need mobility.
Digital innovation enables new business
models, driving change in entire sectors …
I don’t need a postman, drones can do the job.
I don’t need an employer, I can use a platform.
I can afford this house,by renting it out.
… making new forms of work more
common …
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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Million
Registered users on Upwork and Freelancer
… exposing gaps in public policies
designed for an earlier era …
Benefit rules for the self-employed vs. standard workers, 2010
Source: OECD (2015), In It Together: Why Less Inequality Benefits All, OECD Publishing, Paris.
Old age, invalidity Health Accidents Unemployment Family
Australia
Austria
Canada
France
Germany
Italy
Japan
Korea
Mexico
Portugal
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
No benefit
Optional enrolment
Different rules from standard workers
Same rules as the general scheme
27
… and challenges that governments
need to face.
Governments’ main challenges to achieve digital policy objectives
Main challenges in 2017 Main challenges next 3-5 years
Awareness, implementation, enforcement 1 Co-ordination
Skills, training, education 2 Skills, training, education
Co-ordination 3 Public investment or funding
Policy design and measures 4 Technical, including standards and interoperability
Laws or regulation 5 Trust, including privacy, security, consumer protection
Technical, including standards and interoperability 6 Laws and regulation
ICT adoption, business digitalisation, innovation 7 Policy design and measures
Public investment or funding 8 ICT adoption, business digitalisation, innovation
Private investment or access to finance 9 Private investment or access to finance
Trust, including privacy, security, consumer protection 10 Awareness, implementation, enforcement
For the digital transformation to spur
growth and social prosperity,
countries need governance model
that achieves coherence and
effective co-ordination
Governments have many objectives,
but need priorities and coherence
MAIN DIGITAL POLICY OBJECTIVES
Strengthening e-government services
Further developing telecommunication infrastructure
Promoting ICT-related skills and competences
Strengthening security
Enhancing access to data, including PSI and OGD
Encouraging the adoption of ICTs by businesses and SMEs in particular
Encouraging ICT adoption in specific sectors, e.g. healthcare, education
Strengthening privacy
Strengthening digital identities
Promoting the ICT sector, including its internationalisation
Promoting e-commerce across the economy
Tackling global challenges, e.g. Internet governance, climate change
Strengthening consumer protection
Advancing e-inclusion, e.g. of elderly and disadvantaged groups
Preserving Internet openness
Governments also need an effective
model for co-ordination
National digital strategy governance
Number of countries that have allocated respective responsibilities
Lead the development
Contribute input
Co-ordinate
Government, e.g. Prime Minister, Presidency, Chancellery, etc.
4 0 5
Digital affairs ministry or body or ministerial position 8 1 10
Ministry or body not dedicated to digital affairs15 2 13
Several ministries, bodies or institutions6 14 5
Multiple public and private stakeholders1 17 0
GOING DIGITAL
Making the Transformation Workfor Growth and Well-being
Understand the digital transformation and its impacts on the economy and society
Provide policymakers with the tools needed to develop a forward-looking, whole-of-government policy response
Help overcome the gap between technology and policy development
WHAT’S NEXT?
Digital Economy Outlook 2017
OECD i-library
www.oecd-ilibrary.org
Twitter @OECDinnovation
OECD Science, Technology and Innovation
www.oecd.org/sti/ieconomy/
OECD Broadband Portal
www.oecd.org/sti/broadband/oecdbroadbandportal.htm
OECD Going Digital project
http://oe.cd/goingdigital
OECD ICT usage database
http://dotstat.oecd.org