October 9,2014 (E. Erikson)

8/11/2019 October 9,2014 (E. Erikson)

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Erik

Erikson


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Erik Eriksons theory of psychosocial development co

personality develops in a series of stages. A person wil

particular psychosocial problem at each stage.

If an individual successfully solves the problem, he/she w

good social trait that will help him solve the next proble

If an individual is unsuccessful, he/she will develop a bathat will hinder his/her solving a new problem at next st


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Psychosocial StaOf

Development


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Trustvs.

Mistrust


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he first stage of Erikson!s theory of psychosocial deve

occurs between birth and one year of age and is the m

fundamental stage in life.

"ecause an infant is utterly dependent, the developmebased on the dependability and #uality of the child!s ca

If a child successfully develops trust, he or she will fee

secure in the world. %aregivers who are inconsistent, eunavailable, or re&ecting contribute to feelings of mist

children they care for. 'ailure to develop trust will res

and a belief that the world is inconsistent and unpredi


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Autonom

vs.

Shame aDoub


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his stage occurs between the ages of () months to thre

According to Erikson, children at this stage are focused o

a greater sense of self*control.

+aining a sense of personal control over the world is impstage of development. oilet training plays a ma&or role

control ones body functions leads to a feeling of contro

of independence. -ther important events include gainin

control over food choices, toy preferences and clothing

%hildren who successfully complete this stage feel secur

confident, while those who do not are left with a sense

and self*doubt.


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Initiativevs.

Guilt


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uring the preschool years, children

assert their power and control over t

through directing play and othe

interactions.

%hildren who are successful at this s

capable and able to lead others. h

fail to ac#uire these skills are lef

sense of guilt, self*doubt, and

initiative.


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Industr

vs.

Inferior

h d i hildh d b h f i


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he stage occurs during childhood between the ages of six

chool and social interaction play an important role during

childs life. hrough social interactions, children begin to d

sense of pride in their accomplishments and abilities.

%hildren who are encouraged and commended by parents adevelop a feeling of competence and belief in their skills.

receive little or no encouragement from parents, teachers

doubt their ability to be successful.

According to Erikson, this stage is vital in the development

confidence. uring school and other social activities, childpraise and attention for performing various tasks such as r

writing, drawing and solving problems. %hildren need to co

social and academic demands. uccess leads to a sense of

while failure results in feelings of inferiority.


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Ego-identityvs.

ole Confusion

d l h ld l


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uring adolescence, children explore t

independence and develop a sense of s

hose who receive proper encouragem

reinforcement through personal explor

emerge from this stage with a strong se

self and a feeling of independence andhose who remain unsure of their belie

desires will feel insecure and confused

themselves and the future.


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Intima

vs.

Isolati

hi t g t k l d i g g d lth d b t


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his stage takes place during young adulthood betw

ages of approximately (0 and 12. uring this period

the ma&or conflict centres on forming intimate, lov

relationships with other people.

tudies have demonstrated that those with a poor stend to have less committed relationships and are

to suffer emotional isolation, loneliness, and depre

Erikson believed it was vital that people develop cl

committed relationships with other people. uccesstrong relationships, while failure results in lonelin

isolation.


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i d lth d ti t b


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uring adulthood, we continue to bu

lives, focusing on our career and fam

hose who are successful during this

will feel that they are contributing to

world by being active in their home a

community. hose who fail to attain t

will feel unproductive and uninvolved

world.


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Integr

vs.

Des!a

his stage occurs during late adulthood from age 34 through


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his stage occurs during late adulthood from age 34 through

life. uring this period of time, people reflect back on the li

lived and come away with either a sense of fulfilment from a

or a sense of regret and despair over a life misspent.

hose who feel proud of their accomplishments will feel a se

integrity. uccessfully completing this phase means looking b

regrets and a general feeling of satisfaction. hese individua

wisdom, even when confronting death. hose who feel proud

accomplishments will feel a sense of integrity. uccessfully c

phase means looking back with few regrets and a general fee

satisfaction. hese individuals will attain wisdom, even whedeath.

hose who are unsuccessful during this phase will feel that t

been wasted and will experience many regrets. he individu

with feelings of bitterness and despair.

October 9,2014 (E. Erikson)

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