October 2013 Tree Health Monitoring · 2013-12-13 · 3.3 Crown density and foliage transparency...

October 2013 Tree Health Monitoring

Department of HealthBusselton Hospital Health Campus

Department of Health October 2013 Tree Health Monitoring Busselton Hospital Health Campus December 2013

Report Reference No. ENAUPERT04326AA_002_v3

Disclaimer This document is published in accordance with and subject to an agreement between Coffey and the client for whom it has been prepared, Department of Health (‘Client’), and is restricted to those issues that have been raised by the client in its engagement of Coffey and prepared using the standard of skill and care ordinarily exercised by environmental scientists in the preparation of such documents.

Any person or organisation that relies on or uses the document for purposes or reasons other than those agreed by Coffey and the Client without first obtaining the prior written consent of Coffey, does so entirely at their own risk and Coffey denies all liability in tort, contract or otherwise for any loss, damage or injury of any kind whatsoever (whether in negligence or otherwise) that may be suffered as a consequence of relying on this document for any purpose other than that agreed with the Client.

© Coffey Environments Australia Pty Ltd ABN 65140765902. 5 December 2013 Suite 2, 53 Burswood Road Burswood WA 6100 Australia PO Box 4223 Victoria Park WA 6979 Australia t +61 8 9355 7100 f +61 8 9355 7111 coffey.com Report Reference No.: EP2013/199

Project Director Martine Scheltema

Project Manager Natassja Raymond

Record of Distribution

Report Status: No. of copies Format Distributed to Date Authorised by

V1 (draft) 1 PDF Department of Health 22/11/2013 M. Scheltema

V2 (final) 1 PDF Department of Health 27/11/2013 M. Scheltema

V3 (final) 1 PDF Department of Health 05/12/2013 M. Scheltema

1 Hard copy Coffey (Library)

Coffey | ENAUPERT04326AA_002_v3 i Busselton Hospital Health Campus | October 2013 Tree Health Monitoring

Contents

1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Methodology ................................................................................................................................ 3

2.1 On-ground tree health survey ............................................................................................. 3

2.2 Remote sensing (aerial) tree health survey ........................................................................ 3

3 Results ......................................................................................................................................... 5

3.1 Climate ................................................................................................................................ 5

3.2 Vigour ................................................................................................................................. 7

3.3 Crown density and foliage transparency ............................................................................ 9

3.4 Crown dieback .................................................................................................................. 10

3.5 General tree observations ................................................................................................ 13

3.5.1 Insect damage ..................................................................................................... 13

3.5.2 Pathogen presence .............................................................................................. 13

3.5.3 Epicormic growth ................................................................................................. 14

3.5.4 Tree deaths .......................................................................................................... 14

3.5.5 Flowering/fruiting ................................................................................................. 14

3.5.6 Presence of Western Ringtail Possums and dreys ............................................. 14

3.6 Digital Multi-Spectral Imagery ........................................................................................... 15

3.6.1 Change detection ................................................................................................. 15

4 Discussion ................................................................................................................................. 17

5 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 21

6 Recommendations .................................................................................................................... 23

7 References ................................................................................................................................. 25

Figures (in text)

1 Busselton Health Campus ............................................................................................................ 2 2 Transect and tagged tree locations .............................................................................................. 4 3 Tree canopies removed between 2010 and 2013 ...................................................................... 20

Charts (in text)

1 Mean monthly rainfall and 2013 actual monthly rainfall totals (weather station No. 009515) ...... 5 2 Actual monthly rainfall totals for weather station 009515 between January 2010 and

September 2013 ........................................................................................................................... 6 3 Frequency of crown dieback categories from September 2010 to October 2013 ...................... 10 4 Number of tagged trees showing insect borer and termite activity ............................................. 13 5 Mean PCD values over the four spring acquisition periods ........................................................ 16

Coffey | ENAUPERT04326AA_002_v3 ii Busselton Hospital Health Campus | October 2013 Tree Health Monitoring

Tables (in text)

1 Mean combined vigour class from September 2010 to October 2013 ......................................... 7 2 Number of trees in each vigour class recorded from the September 2010, September 2011,

October 2012 and October 2013 assessments ............................................................................ 8 3 Mean vigour class and total number of trees recorded from the September 2010, September

2011, October 2012 and October 2013 assessments .................................................................. 8 4 Mean crown density and mean foliage transparency ................................................................... 9 5 Comparison of mean crown density and mean foliage transparency values of trees from the

October 2012 and the October 2013 assessments .................................................................... 10 6 Number of trees recorded in each crown dieback category during the October 2013 monitoring

period .......................................................................................................................................... 11 7 Number of trees recorded in each crown dieback category during the September 2010,

September 2011 and October 2012 monitoring periods............................................................. 12 8 Assessment of tree health against trigger levels ........................................................................ 21

Plates (in text)

1 Fruiting body on tree 221 ............................................................................................................ 14 2 Fruiting body on tree 221 ............................................................................................................ 14 3 Leaf necrosis recorded on tagged tree No. 231 ......................................................................... 17 4 Leaf necrosis recorded on tagged tree No. 231 (potentially from salt spray) ............................. 17

Appendices

A Tree Health Monitoring Procedure B Tree Health Data October 2013 C Tree Health Data October 2012 D SpecTerra Services – October 2013 DMSI True Imagery E SpecTerra Services – October 2013 DMSI False Imagery F Busselton Hospital Change Detection October 2012 to October 2013 G Busselton Hospital Change Detection October 2010 to October 2013

Coffey | ENAUPERT04326AA_002_v3 1 Busselton Hospital Health Campus | October 2013 Tree Health Monitoring

1 Introduction The Western Australian Department of Health (DoH) is currently building the new Busselton Health Campus on the existing Busselton Hospital site. The new Busselton Health Campus will cater for the projected demand for health services in the southwest region of Western Australian, associated with the projected population growth.

The Busselton Hospital site is 12.3 hectares (ha) in size, of which a large portion is open Peppermint (Agonis flexuosa) woodland, with relatively little understorey (Figure 1). The site is located within core habitat for the Western Ringtail Possum (WRP) (Pseudocheirus occidentalis), which is listed as a threatened species under both State (Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 (WC Act)) and Federal (Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)) environmental legislation.

The preparation and implementation of a Western Ringtail Possum Management Plan was a condition for the approval of the Busselton Health Campus redevelopment under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC 2011/6011) and State Environmental Protection Act 1986 (NVCP 4433/2). The Western Ringtail Possum Management Plan (V9) was recently revised and was approved by the then Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (now the Department of the Environment (DotE)) and the Western Australian Department of Environment Regulation (DER) (15/08/2013).

The approved Western Ringtail Possum Management Plan outlines the requirement for a tree health monitoring program to be conducted at the Busselton Health Campus, as detailed in Management Measure 15 (M15):

‘Monitor tree health twice a year during construction and for no less than two years post-construction using ground-based and remote sensing methods… Monitoring will then be undertaken once a year at 5 and 10 years post-construction. Twice yearly monitoring will be undertaken in approximately March and September of each year to allow comparison with previous monitoring results. Annual monitoring will be undertaken in approximately September.

A Tree Health Monitoring Procedure (Appendix A) was also developed and approved as part of the Western Ringtail Possum Management Plan. Coffey have been commissioned to undertake the tree health monitoring program (up until 2017) and this report details the results of the October 2013 tree health assessment.

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SourceRedevelopment area from Natural Area Consultants (June 2013)Road names from Landgate.Gates and fencelines from CE.Aerial imagery from Specterra (October 2013).

1Busselton Health CampusOctober 2013 Tree Health MonitoringBusselton Hospital Health Campus

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2 Methodology The methodology employed for the October 2013 tree health assessment was consistent with surveys completed by Coffey to date (September 2010 to March 2013) and in accordance with the current Busselton Health Campus Tree Health Monitoring Procedure (Appendix E to the Western Ringtail Possum Management Plan).

The tree health assessment was undertaken in two stages, including an on-ground tree health survey and a remote sensing (aerial) tree health survey. The methodology for each survey technique is discussed below.

2.1 On-ground tree health survey The on-ground tree health survey was undertaken over one day on 22 October 2013. The on-ground tree health survey was undertaken by a qualified botanist from Coffey and was conducted in conjunction with the WRP monitoring survey.

The on-ground tree health survey involved the visual assessment of the remaining 230 tagged trees (60 tagged trees were cleared as part of the Busselton Health Campus redevelopment) located along four transects and randomly located throughout the Busselton Health Campus site (Figure 2). Two hundred and twenty seven (227) Peppermint trees, two Melaleuca trees and one Eucalyptus were tagged during the baseline surveys in September 2010 and March 2011.

The tree health monitoring procedure is detailed in Appendix A.

2.2 Remote sensing (aerial) tree health survey The remote sensing (aerial) tree health survey was subcontracted to SpecTerra Services Pty Ltd (SpecTerra). The airborne survey over the Busselton Health Campus site was undertaken on 14 October 2013.

The remote sensing survey involved the collection of a Digital Multi-Spectral Image (DMSI) of the site using a High Resolution Airborne Mulitspectral Sensor (HiRAMS). The airborne image was corrected for camera distortion and scene brightness effects, before GeoTiff image products (including True Colour Image, False Colour Infrared Image, Pseudo Colour Plant Cell Density Index Image and Composite Change Detection) are produced and analysed.

After the correction, production and analysis of the imagery, SpecTerra prepared a report detailing the calibrated mean and standard deviation of extracted plant cell density (PCD) values for identified tree canopy clusters (established during the baseline survey in October 2010) collected during the survey and a comparison to previous fly-overs, referred to as ‘change detection’. This technique is used to determine whether the vegetation is improving or declining on PCD values (infrared Reflectance/Red Reflectance).

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SourceConservation area from Natural Area Consultants (June 2013)Road names from Landgate.Aerial imagery from Specterra (October 2013).

2Transect and tagged tree locationsOctober 2013 Tree Health MonitoringBusselton Hospital Health Campus


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3 Results The data collected from the 138 tagged trees located along the four transects and the 92 individually tagged trees during the October 2013 survey are provided in Appendix B. The October 2012 data is provided in Appendix C.

3.1 Climate Rainfall data from Station 009515 (Busselton Shire) indicates the four months preceding the spring 2013 monitoring period (June to September) was wetter than the spring 2012 monitoring period. However, the rainfall total is still lower than the mean average for the four months preceding the monitoring period (BOM, 2013).

The rainfall data for the Busselton Aerodrome Weather Station (009603) is lacking rainfall totals for the months of September and October, therefore, it is difficult to apply any meaningful conclusions based on the climate data recorded from the Busselton Aerodrome Weather Station (BOM, 2013).

The Busselton region experienced a winter and early spring season that saw below average rainfall over winter, but above average spring rainfall with an increase in large storms over the late winter and early spring season. In addition to the atypical winter and spring rainfall, the month of May saw over 200mm fall over the Busselton region (Chart 1).

Chart 1 Mean monthly rainfall and 2013 actual month ly rainfall totals (weather station No. 009515)

Chart 2 shows the actual monthly rainfall total for the Busselton Shire Weather Station from January 2010 through to September 2013. The mean monthly average is also provided on Chart 2 for comparison with the actual rainfall recorded.

There were also a high number of wind events and wind gusts coming from the north and northwest during the winter and early spring months. The strong gusts were associated with the unusual storm events that occurred in the area in late winter and early to mid-spring.

These wind events and associated swell and storm surges have impacted upon the foredune located to the north adjacent to the Busselton Health Campus site. The high winds have also carried salt spray further across the foredune and into the Busselton Health Campus site.

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3.2 Vigour The mean combined vigour class value of 1.95 was recorded from the tagged trees at the site during the October 2013 assessment (Table 1). The mean combined vigour class has increased from the March 2013 monitoring period and the October 2013 monitoring period. This suggests the health of the tagged trees is in decline.

Table 1 Mean combined vigour class from September 2 010 to October 2013

Survey Mean Combined Vigour Class 2

September 20101 1.47

March 20111 1.72

September 20111 1.57

March 20121 1.80

October 20121 1.86

March 20131 1.86

October 2013 1.95

1 Source: Coffey Environments (2011a, 2011b, 2012a, 2012b, 2012c and 2013). 2 A value of 1 indicates a healthy tree, while a value of 3 indicates an unhealthy, dying or dead tree.

Since the initial tree health monitoring undertaken in September 2010, the mean combined vigour class value has increased, indicating a reduction in the percentage of live tree canopy and therefore a decline in tree health. In September 2010 a mean combined vigour class value of 1.47 was recorded. With the exception of September 2011 when a slight improvement in crown vigour was observed (1.57) overall, the mean combined vigour class value has increased. These results indicate a consistent, albeit slight decline in the health of trees at the site throughout the 2010 to 2013 monitoring period.

The number of trees recorded in each vigour class for trees in transects 1, 2, 3 and 4 and individual tagged trees recorded over the four spring tree health assessments (i.e. from the September 2010, September 2011, October 2012 and October 2013) are provided in Table 2. This table also shows the frequency of trees occurring in each vigour class over the four spring assessments. Table 3 shows the mean vigour class for each transect and the individually tagged trees and the total number of trees contributing to each mean vigour class.

In October 2013, the majority of the tagged trees were recorded in Vigour Class 2 (87 tagged trees) followed by Vigour Class 1.5 (65 tagged trees) (Table 2). In September 2010, the majority of the tagged trees were recorded in Vigour Class 1 (111 tagged trees). In September 2011, the majority of the tagged trees were recorded in Vigour Class 1.5 (114 tagged trees), and in October 2012, the majority of the tagged trees were recorded in Vigour Class 1.5 (80 tagged trees) (Table 2).

An emerging trend from the data recorded based on the canopy vigour of the tagged trees is a decline in the number of trees in Vigour Class 1 (approximately 80% decline) and 1.5 (approximately 20% decline) and an increase in the numbers of trees with a Vigour Class of 2.5 (approximately 350% increase) and 3 (approximately 160% increase) between the September 2010 monitoring period and the October 2013 monitoring period (Table 2).

The number of tagged trees within each vigour class 1, 1.5 and 2.5 for October 2013 has decreased compared to October 2012. In addition the number of tagged trees within vigour classes 2 and 3 has increased compared between the October 2013 and October 2012 monitoring periods.


Table 2 Number of trees in each vigour class record ed from the September 2010, September 2011, October 2012 and October 2013 assessments

Vigour Class 1 Vigour Class 1.5 Vigour Class 2 Vigo ur Class 2.5 Vigour Class 3

2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013

Transect 1 20 8 4 2 18 15 13 11 9 18 17 19 2 6 13 13 6 8 8 10

Transect 2 9 2 0 0 12 9 13 10 9 15 10 14 0 4 7 6 1 1 1 1

Transect 3 8 5 5 1 14 7 8 7 1 9 7 10 1 3 5 4 3 3 2 5

Transect 4 9 2 2 5 8 9 7 3 4 8 7 9 2 3 6 4 2 3 3 4

Individual 65 37 17 12 27 74 39 34 13 33 27 35 5 5 6 8 2 3 3 3

Total No. of Trees

111 54 28 20 79 114 80 65 36 83 68 87 10 21 37 35 14 18 17 23

Table 3 Mean vigour class and total number of trees recorded from the September 2010, September 2011, October 2012 and October 2013 assessments

Mean Vigour Class Total Tagged Trees

2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013

Transect 1 1.60 1.92 2.07 2.16 55 55 55 55

Transect 2 1.55 1.89 1.94 1.97 31 31 31 31

Transect 3 1.57 1.85 1.83 2.09 27 27 27 27

Transect 4 1.60 1.92 2.02 1.98 25 25 25 25

Individual 1.34 1.55 1.67 1.76 112 152 92 92

Combined (All Tree Data) 1.47 1.72 1.86 1.95 250 290 230 230


In general, there was a decrease in the number of tagged trees in the four transects and individual trees for vigour class 1 and 1.5 between the October 2012 and October 2013 monitoring periods. There was an increase in the number of tagged trees for each transect and the individual trees for vigour class 2. Surprisingly, there was a slight decrease in the number of tagged trees with a vigour class of 2.5 between the October 2012 and October 2013 monitoring periods. The decrease in trees recorded as vigour class 2.5 for Transect 2, Transect 3 and Transect 4 have potentially migrated to vigour class 3, indicating further decline, however some have shown an increase in vigour and have moved to vigour class 2 (Table 2).

Table 3 compares the mean vigour class ratings recorded for all trees from the September 2010, September 2011, October 2012 and October 2013 tree health assessments. The total number of tagged trees per transect, individual trees and combined (all tree data) for this period are also depicted in Table 3. There is an increase in the mean vigour class ratings from the initial spring 2011 tree health assessment for all four transects and the individually tagged trees as shown in Table 3. Transect 4 (1.98) showed a slight decrease in the mean vigour class in October 2013 when compared to the previous year (2.02).

3.3 Crown density and foliage transparency The mean crown density decreased by less than 1% between the October 2013 and October 2012 monitoring periods (Table 4). There was also a slight decrease in the mean crown density between the March 2013 and October 2013 monitoring periods. The mean crown density has declined by 6.4% since the original September 2010 monitoring period. The decrease in mean crown density demonstrates a reduction in crown volume that contains biomass and indicates a decline in tree health.

Table 4 Mean crown density and mean foliage transpa rency

Survey Mean Crown Density Mean Foliage Transparency

September 2010 30.11% 69.93%

March 2011 27.97% 72.03%

September 2011 26.44% 73.58%

March 2012 25.94% 74.06%

October 2012 24.57% 75.43%

March 2013 24.61% 75.39%

October 2013 23.68% 76.32%

Source: Coffey Environments (2011a and 2011b, 2012a, 2012b and 2012c and 2013)

Mean foliage transparency is the inverse of mean crown density and is provided in Table 4. The mean foliage transparency will not be discussed in detail because it is the inverse of mean crown density, therefore a decrease in crown density will result in an increase in foliage transparency. The results of the mean foliage transparency can be viewed in Table 4 and Table 5.

Table 5 shows a comparison of the mean crown density and the mean foliage transparency values for the October 2012 and the October 2013 monitoring periods. The mean crown density decreased for Transects 1 (1.73%), 2 (0.97%) and 3 (2.59%) and the individually tagged trees (0.49%). Transect 4 recorded a slight increase (1.40%) in mean crown density. Transect 2 and the individually tagged trees had the highest mean crown density, while Transects 1 and 3 had the lowest mean crown density.


Table 5 Comparison of mean crown density and mean f oliage transparency values of trees from the October 2012 and the October 2013 assessme nts

Mean Crown Density (%)

Crown Density Range (%)

Mean Foliage Transparency (%)

Foliage Transparency Range

(%)

2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013

Transect 1 23.45 21.73 0-70 0-70 76.55 78.27 30-100 30-100

Transect 2 25.16 24.19 0-40 0-40 74.84 75.81 60-100 60-100

Transect 3 23.89 21.30 0-45 0-40 76.11 78.70 55-100 60-100

Transect 4 22.20 23.60 0-45 0-40 77.80 76.40 55-100 60-100

Individual 25.87 25.38 5-45 5-40 74.13 74.62 55-95 60-95

Combined 24.57 23.68 0-70 0-70 75.43 76.33 30-100 30-100

3.4 Crown dieback The frequency of crown dieback categories using combined data (all tree data) from tree health assessments completed in spring and autumn 2010 to 2013 is presented in Chart 3. The monitoring undertaken in October 2013 identified evidence of crown dieback in all of the tagged trees at the site and an increase in crown dieback (less trees in Category 1) when compared to the initial monitoring completed in September 2010 (Chart 3). This is evident with the significant decrease of trees in Category 1 and the increase of trees in Categories 2 and 3.

Chart 3 Frequency of crown dieback categories from September 2010 to October 2013

Tables 6 and 7 show the comparisons between crown dieback categories across the four transects, individual trees and combined data between September 2010 (Coffey Environments, 2011a),

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September 2011 (Coffey Environments 2011b), October 2012 (Coffey Environments, 2012c) and October 2013 tree health assessments.

Table 6 Number of trees recorded in each crown dieb ack category during the October 2013 monitoring period


No. of Trees (%)

Transect 1 Transect 2 Transect 3 Transect 4 Individ ual Combined

1 (0-5%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 5 (5) 5 (2)

2 (6-10%) 18 (33) 13 (42) 14 (52) 13 (52) 54 (59) 112 (49)

3 (11-20%) 16 (29) 16 (52) 7 (26) 8 (32) 23 (25) 70 (30)

4 (21-40%) 13 (24) 1 (3) 2 (7) 2 (8) 6 (7) 24 (10)

5 (41-60%) 3 (5) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (3) 6 (3)

6 (61-80%) 3 (5) 0 (0) 2 (7) 0 (0) 1 (1) 6 (3)

7 (81-100%) 2 (4) 1 (3) 2 (7) 2 (8) 0 (0) 7 (3)

Table 6 shows the results of the October 2013 tree health assessment and the number of trees in each crown dieback category across all transects, individual trees and combined (all tree) data. Table 6 is provided to identify the comparisons between crown dieback categories across the transects, individual trees and combined data from the September 2010, September 2011 and October 2012 tree health assessments.

The majority of trees assessed for crown dieback in October 2013 were classified in category 2 (112 trees) and contained 6% – 10% of crown dieback, the second largest number of trees (70 trees) were classified as Category 3 (11% – 20% of crown dieback).

When compared to the initial spring assessment in 2011, the majority of trees were classified into dieback categories 1 (125 trees) and 2 (48 trees), indicating a large number of trees (69%) were healthy with very little crown dieback in 2010 (Chart 3, Table 10). In spring 2011, the majority of trees were classified in dieback categories 2 (87 trees) and category 1 (74 trees). In spring 2012, the majority of the trees were classified in dieback categories 2 (76 trees) and category 3 (60 trees) (Table 7).

The number of trees in dieback category 7, the worst category, has stayed relatively stable over the last four spring monitoring periods (Chart 3, Tables 6 and 7).

There has been a sharp drop-off with trees categorised in dieback category 1 across the four transects. In October 2013, the four transects did not have any trees recorded as dieback category 1, while only five individually tagged trees were recorded within this category. In contrast, approximately 10% of the trees recorded in dieback category 1 in October 2012 were recorded as representative of dieback category 1 in October 2013 (Tables 6 and 7). This suggests that the trees are declining in health with more trees recording a greater than 5% crown dieback.


Table 7 Number of trees recorded in each crown dieb ack category during the September 2010, September 2 011 and October 2012 monitoring periods


No. of Trees (%)

Transect 1 Transect 2 Transect 3 Transect 4 Individ ual Combined

2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012

1 (0-5%)

21 (38)

10 (18)

13 (24)

14 (45)

1 (3)

4 (13)

14 (52)

5 (19)

2 (7)

14 (56)

4 (16)

3 (12)

62 (55)

54 (36)

31 (34)

125 (50)

74 (26)

53 (23)

2 (6-10%)

12 (22)

9 (16)

12 (22)

4 (13)

11 (35)

8 (26)

4 (15)

12 (44)

14 (52)

4 (16)

8 (32)

7 (28)

24 (21)

47 (31)

35 (38)

48 (19)

87 (30)

76 (33)

3 (11-20%)

10 (18)

14 (25)

11 (20)

6 (19)

6 (19)

15 (48)

5 (19)

2 (7)

6 (22)

2 (8)

1 (4)

11 (44)

14 (13)

38 (25)

17 (18)

37 (15)

61 (21)

60 (26)

4 (21-40%)

8 (15)

7 (13)

10 (18)

6 (19)

11 (35)

3 (10)

4 (15)

4 (15)

3 (11)

2 (8)

8 (32)

1 (4)

11 (10)

7 (5)

5 (5)

31 (12)

37 (13)

22 (10)

5 (41-60%)

0 (0)

5 (9)

3 (5)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

3 (11)

1 (4)

1 (4)

1 (4)

1 (4)

1 (1)

5 (3)

2 (2)

2 (1)

14 (5)

7 (3)

6 (61-80%)

1 (2)

4 (7)

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1 (1)

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3.5 General tree observations

3.5.1 Insect damage

A total of 88 tagged trees showed some signs of insect damage through either insect borers, termites or both. Borers were identified from 47 trees while termites were recorded from 49 trees (Chart 4). There has been a marked increase in the number of trees with termite activity, while the borer activity has remained relatively stable across the monitoring periods, with slight fluctuations. Several trees (tag numbers 068, 121, 135, 224, 236, 264 and 265) were recorded as having both borers and termites. This is an increase of five trees since the March 2013 monitoring period, showing evidence of the presence of both insects. This may be a result of a decrease in the health and vigour of tagged trees.

Chart 4 Number of tagged trees showing insect borer and termite activity

3.5.2 Pathogen presence

The majority of the trees assessed as part of the October 2013 tree health assessment were not affected by pathogens, with the exception of trees 055, 221 and 257. This was generally evident via the presence of fruiting bodies (Plate 1 and Plate 2). The presence of pathogens and there fruiting bodies does not necessarily translate to unhealthy trees. The identification of the fungal pathogen was not determined, however it is not considered to be Neofusicoccum australe, which has been identified as an opportunistic pathogen responsible for crown dieback in Peppermint trees in Western Australia (Dakin et al., 2010).

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Plate 1 Fruiting body on tree 221 Plate 2 Fruiting body on tree 221

3.5.3 Epicormic growth

During the spring 2013 monitoring, 98 of the tagged trees (43%) were identified with epicormic growth. These results show a considerable increase in trees identified with epicormic growth when compared to the previous October 2012 assessment when 51 trees (22%) were recorded. This may be a recovery response from the tree to increase biomass as a result of a declining crown.

3.5.4 Tree deaths

No new tree deaths were recorded between the Autumn and Spring 2013 monitoring periods. It was noted that approximately six trees, including some Peppermint trees, have been removed or cleared from the Busselton Health Campus. These trees were not tagged trees and the clearing more than likely relates to the construction of the new health campus.

3.5.5 Flowering/fruiting

As part of the October 2013 tree health monitoring, general tree observations were undertaken which included an assessment of tagged trees for evidence of flowering or fruiting. The vast majority of tagged trees (197 trees, 86%) were flowering at the time of the October 2013 monitoring period. It was also generally observed that the majority of the Peppermint trees located on the site (tagged and untagged) were flowering at the time of monitoring.

3.5.6 Presence of Western Ringtail Possums and drey s

Three Western Ringtail Possums and nine dreys (nest constructed by the Western Ringtail Possum) were recorded from the 230 tagged trees during the October 2013 tree health assessment. The possums and dreys were scattered over the entire Busselton Health Campus site, with a particular emphasis on the northern end.

These recordings were opportunistic sightings and not considered to be a comprehensive assessment of the presence of WRPs present at the site. Comprehensive WRP assessments have been undertaken by Coffey in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Coffey has also undertaken comprehensive drey surveys in 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2013.


3.6 Digital Multi-Spectral Imagery The true and false colour imagery for the October 2013 fly-overs are provided in Appendices D and E. The October 2010 imagery has been used as baseline imagery for subsequent spring flights to determine changes in the plant cell density (PCD), more commonly referred to as change detection.

A comparison between comparative months (i.e. October 2012 compare with October 2013) provides greater clarity in the leaf cell density change and mitigates change attributed to seasonal variation.

3.6.1 Change detection

Change detection or PCD change is a simple remote sensing image analysis technique for measuring plant cell density and health. The PCD (infrared Reflectance over Red Reflectance) is sensitive to the quantity of leaves in each pixel (sample) and the density of healthy plant cells in those leaves. The Red band (675 nm) is positioned at maximum absorption by leaf chlorophyll content and the infrared band (780 nm) where the leaf structure of healthy plants strongly reflects incoming energy.

SpecTerra mapped the resulting PCD change based on the tree polygons drawn by SpecTerra prior to the clearing of trees. Polygons associated with approved tree clearing in September 2012 have been removed from the dataset. The PCD change for the period October 2012 to October 2013 is provided in Appendix F. The PCD change for the period October 2010 to October 2013 (four spring data acquisition periods) is also provided in Appendix G.

SpecTerra have five PCD change classes that reflect the gain or loss in PCD. SpecTerra have also included a sixth class that refers to trees that have been lost/removed between two data acquisition periods. The five PCD change classes are:

• Less than (<) -50% - Maximum Loss in PCD • -50% to -30% - Moderate Loss in PCD • -30% to -10% - Minor Loss in PCD • -10% to 10% - No Significant Change in PCD • Greater than (>) 10% - Gain in PCD

The mean PCD value for the four spring acquisition periods is provided in Chart 5 and shows there was:

• A significant decrease in the mean PCD value across the site from the baseline Spring 2010 data acquisition period.

• An improvement in the mean PCD value during the Spring 2012 data acquisition period before another significant decrease in mean PCD for the entire Busselton Health Campus in Spring 2013.

• A further six trees, between the Spring 2012 and Spring 2013 data acquisition periods, have been removed or heavily pruned to the point where no reflectance was recorded.


Chart 5 Mean PCD values over the four spring acquis ition periods

October 2012 to October 2013

PCD change is depicted in the change detection map for the period October 2012 to October 2013 (Appendix F). DMSI mapping for this period indicated that the majority of the peppermint trees within the Busselton Health Campus recorded very little change. However, minor and moderate loss in PCD was recorded over the northern portion (adjacent to Geographe Bay) of the Busselton Health Campus. There was also minor loss in PCD for individual trees located in the south east of the Busselton Health Campus. No major loss in PCD was observed.

Approximately 50 of the tree polygons had a gain in PCD recorded between the October 2012 and October 2013 data acquisition periods. The trees with a gain in PCD were scattered throughout the Busselton Health Campus with no observable trend in their location. Some of the trees with a gain in PCD were located within the construction site.

October 2010 to October 2013

PCD change mapping for the Busselton Health Campus for the period October 2010 to October 2013 was examined for comparison (Appendix G). DMSI mapping for this period indicated that there is a minor loss in PCD over the majority of the Busselton Health Campus over this period. The majority of the trees with a minor loss in PCD occurred in the northern portion (adjacent to Geographe Bay) and western side of the Busselton Health Campus. Several trees in the north-east, north-west and southern portion of the Busselton Health Campus recorded a moderate loss in PCD. No maximum loss of PCD was observed.

The majority of the trees that showed no significant change in PCD (i.e. between a loss of 10% and a gain of 10%) were recorded along the western side of the Busselton Health Campus. Approximately 25 to 30 trees recorded a gain in PCD between the October 2010 and October 2013 data acquisition periods. The number of trees with a gain in PCD is lower between the October 2010 and October 2013 data acquisition periods compared to the October 2012 and October 2013 data acquisition periods suggests that, overall, the PCD value for trees are stable or in decline, while the October 2012 to October 2013 data acquisition period highlights annual fluctuations in PCD values.

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4 Discussion The tagged Peppermint trees (and tagged Eucalyptus and Melaleuca species) showed a general decline in health based on the results of the October 2013 monitoring period when compared with the October 2012 monitoring period. This decline in tree health was also observed within the DMSI results and PCD change. The majority of the tree health decline was recorded from the northern end of the Busselton Health Campus site.

The Busselton region received above average rainfall for the period preceding the monitoring period, although the rainfall was not consistent, with over 200mm in May, 50mm in June, below average in July and then well above average for the months of August and September. Given the above rainfall, it can be assumed that the trees would show a positive improvement in health, however this has not been the case for the majority of the Busselton Health Campus site.

It is hypothesised that a key reason for the decrease in canopy vigour and crown density between 2012 and 2013, and an increase in crown dieback, is the result of salt spray. The south-west region of Western Australia, including the Geographe Bay region, experienced unusual storm activities in May, August and September that resulted in an increase in north-westerly winds and swell which in turn resulted in a higher extent of salt spray impacting on the foreshore vegetation located along the Busselton foreshore. This includes the coastal foreshore vegetation located on the Busselton Health Campus site. The northern end of the site experienced a greater extent of leaf necrosis (Plate 3 and Plate 4) and crown dieback compared to the southern end and it is assumed that this is due to its proximity to the ocean and thus greater influence of salt spray.

Plate 3 Leaf necrosis recorded on tagged tree No. 231

Plate 4 Leaf necrosis recorded on tagged tree No. 231 (potentially from salt spray)

Observations of Peppermint trees located east and west of the Busselton Health Campus site noted that the hypothesised damage from salt spray extended beyond the Busselton Health Campus site. This suggests that the leaf necrosis and crown dieback is not site specific or a result of the Busselton Health Campus redevelopment. This theory is further strengthened due to the leaf necrosis mainly occurring on the northern side of the Busselton Health Campus site which is more disjunct from the development than the Peppermint trees in the south of the site.

The extent and longevity of the damage will be determined during the March and October 2014 monitoring periods. An influx of fresh water, over winter and via irrigation, may promote new growth and the dead leaves will fall off.


An additional complication that presented itself during the October 2013 monitoring period is the removal of a portion (approximately 30 tags) of tags from the trees located along Transect 2 and Transect 3. The removal of the tags made it difficult to identify the correct trees to monitor. The March 2013 data, the GPS locations and educated assumptions were used to determine which tree corresponded to which missing tag. In general, the lost tags and potential error in tree health monitoring is not considered to be a significant source of error to the October 2013 monitoring period, because of the confidence in ensuring the data for each tree is correct. The tags will need to be installed on the trees prior to the March 2014 monitoring period.

The number of tagged trees in vigour class 1 and 1.5 has reduced, while the number of tagged trees in vigour class 2 and 3 has increased over the spring monitoring periods suggesting a continual decline since 2010. The canopy vigour of the tagged trees are approaching an average vigour class of 2, which suggests that the tagged trees are neither healthy nor unhealthy but somewhere in between.

There are no obvious trends that are manifesting from the data with relation to the redevelopment of the Busselton Health Campus and the health of the trees. The tagged trees in the north of the Busselton Health Campus site have shown a marked decline, but this is hypothesised to be due to the increase in salt spray over the winter and early spring months and has also been noted outside of the Busselton Health Campus site.

The overall crown density of the tagged trees has decreased since the autumn 2013 and spring 2012 monitoring periods. This decline was also recorded across the four transects and the individually tagged trees between the October 2012 and October 2013 monitoring periods. This decrease in crown density suggests a decrease in crown biomass (i.e. leaves, twigs, branches etc.) and further deterioration of the tagged trees. This is also evident with a decline in PCD greater than 10% for large sections of the Busselton Health Campus site, especially the northern end.

There was also a significant reduction in the number of tagged trees with a crown dieback category of 1. As a consequence, there was a significant increase in the number of tagged trees with a dieback category of 2 and 3, suggesting that crown dieback has increased significantly and may be a result of the increase in salt spray and necrosis of leaves. The change in crown dieback is also evident between the Autumn 2013 monitoring period and the spring 2013 monitoring period.

Crown dieback is common in native bushland and can be a result of insect or fungal attack or a deficiency in water, nutrients or trace elements in the soil or the age of tree limbs. In general, trees experience and can cope with crown dieback on a small scale; however, crown dieback coupled with other environmental factors (i.e. salt spray) can cause detrimental effects on the trees health, with the loss of large limbs or tree death. Changes to climatic conditions (temperature and rainfall) are likely to have had an influence on the increase in crown dieback of trees located at the site.

The presence of termites increased over the last six to twelve months. The trees may be struggling to cope with greater insect activity as they may already be under stress from external environmental factors (i.e. drought, salt spray). This would reduce the trees ability to cope with insect activity. The increase in trees with termite damage may be due to seasonal fluctuations in termite populations in the area or a consequence of poor tree health at site. Often insects invade trees in poor or declining health and this is indicative of trees at the site. Termite activity is difficult to identify if there are no obvious surface expressions or damage on the trees. Therefore, the number of trees with termite activity may have been higher than what was recorded in previous monitoring periods, but the obvious signs of termite activity (e.g. decaying wood underneath the bark) were not visible.

The borer activity/infestation has maintained at a consistent level with no significant increase in observational numbers since the 2010 baseline tree health assessment.

There was a 20% increase in the number of trees with new, fresh epicormic growth between the October 2012 and October 2013 monitoring periods. The increase in epicormic growth may be a result of the above average rainfall the Busselton region received in winter. However, the epicormic buds also have been stimulated to grow and produce shoots as a result of stress associated with environmental change (i.e. increase in salt spray), crown dieback or a change in the water table. The


increase in epicormic growth may also translate to improvement in canopy vigour and crown density. This may become evident during proceeding monitoring periods.

Minor and moderate loss in PCD is evident in trees located in the northern and western portion of the Busselton Health Campus based on the October 2012 and October 2013 data acquisition periods. This minor to moderate loss in PCD may be related to the leaf necrosis hypothesised to be a result of increased salt spray associated with storm activity in the Busselton region. The minor and moderate loss of PCD in the northern portion of the Busselton Health Campus is consistent with the decline in health that was recorded via the visual on-ground tree health assessment.

There were some trees recorded with a gain in PCD, however they were scattered across the BHC and there are no visible trends to suggest that certain areas of the Busselton Health Campus are immune to the abiotic (i.e. salt spray), biotic (i.e. termites) and anthropogenic (i.e. construction site) factors that have been impacting on the Peppermint trees on the Busselton Health Campus and the Busselton region.

The number of trees with a minor loss in PCD increased between the October 2010 and October 2013 data acquisition periods compared to the October 2012 and October 2013 data acquisition periods. The number of trees with a gain in PCD decreased. The trees that showed a minor loss in PCD were located along the northern and western boundaries which are similar to the location of trees with a minor loss in PCD between the October 2012 and October 2013 data acquisition periods.

The change in PCD between the two periods suggests that overall the health of the trees within Busselton Health Campus is declining, however there seems to be a stabilisation in the decline in health over the majority of the site.

The change in the DMSI mapping and PCD does not correlate to the steady decline recorded from the comprehensive on-ground tree health assessments recorded over the majority of the site. The inconsistency reflected in the DMSI remote sensing data may be the result of variability in the mean PCD values used to represent change detection. PCD changes are therefore presented in combination with on-ground tree health monitoring (ground-truthing) to provide context to PCD change measurements.

A review of the number and location of ‘trees removed’ between 2010 and 2013 (see Figure 3) using the aerial imagery and PCD data collected by Specterra, indicates that in total 153 trees have been removed which is below the total number of trees approved for clearing (246, including a maximum of 158 Peppermints). It is important to note that each ‘tree’ polygon in this dataset may not represent a single tree canopy, but may represent multiple connected tree canopies. This review also confirmed that all ‘removed trees’ were outside the conservation area and within the approved area to clear (Native Vegetation Clearing Permit 4433/2).

A review of existing information and data available on Peppermint decline suggest there is a range of factors potentially causing decline in tree health. These include declining water tables, drought, loss of native understorey and beneficial soil microbes, insect infestations, changed fire regimes and plant fungal diseases. Some of these factors or a combination of these factors may contribute to the decline in Peppermint trees throughout the south-west of Western Australia (Dakin et al., 2010). Based on the information available for the Busselton Hospital site it is possible that all of the above factors, with the exception of changed fire regime, may impact the health of the Peppermint trees. It is recommended that groundwater data is examined to determine whether groundwater drawdown or the quality of groundwater is influencing the health of trees at the site.

GeoCatch (Geographe Catchment Council) are investigating the decline in Peppermint trees in the Busselton region with the assistance of the Centre of Excellence for Climate Change, Woodland and Forest Health (CCWFH). Preliminary results indicate that providing nutrient supplements to unhealthy trees may assist in restoring tree health.

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Figure No:

SourceRedevelopment area from Natural Area Consultants (June 2013)Road names from Landgate.Gates and fencelines from CE.Canopy Polygons and Aerial imagery from Specterra (October 2013).

3Tree canopies removedbetween 2010 and 2013October 2013 Tree Health Monitoring

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5 Conclusion The Western Ringtail Possum Management Plan has identified contingency measures to be undertaken if certain trigger levels relating to canopy health are met or exceeded. If these measures are met or exceeded the DoH will notify and consult with the DER and DPaW to discuss whether the decline is a local occurrence or a regional occurrence. The trigger levels for decline in tree health are:

• A catastrophic decline, considered a 20% or greater reduction in tree canopy; or

• A general decline in tree health of 30% or greater of the entire site (as determined through aerial imagery).

The mean crown density percentage for the entire site (i.e. all the tagged trees) and the mean PCD values for the entire site was assessed against the trigger levels for a decline in tree health specified in the WRP Management Plan. The assessment of tree health against the trigger levels is presented in Table 8.

Table 8 Assessment of tree health against trigger l evels

Trigger Level Baseline Values 1 October 2013 Values

Percentage Change

Has it been Triggered?

20% or greater reduction in tree canopy

24.57% 23.68% 3.7% No

30% or greater decline in tree health

633 581 8.9% No

1: The October 2012 data has been used as the baseline (i.e. pre-construction).

Although it is evident the trees have declined since the October 2012 monitoring period and have been declining since the original September 2010 monitoring period, the decline is not near levels to trigger consultation with DER and DPaW (Table 8).


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6 Recommendations Based on the results of the October 2013 tree health assessment the following recommendations are provided to minimise the decline in tree health at site:

• Contract a surveyor to verify and validate that all tree clearing has been undertaken in accordance with the approved native vegetation clearing permit (4433/2).

• Review the rehabilitation management plan to determine if the current approved Integrated Pest Management (IPM) plan is adequate to manage observed insect activity.

• Undertake supplementary watering, where necessary, including during prolonged periods of drought or high tree stress events (i.e. strong drying winds).

• Discuss options of nutrient enrichment of trees located at the site with GeoCatch or an equivalent organisation. Implement nutrient enrichment to assist with improving the health of the trees.

• An assessment by a qualified arborist may be necessary to determine whether unknown and external factors are influencing the health of Peppermint trees at the site.

• Review the groundwater levels in the Busselton region with the Department of Water to determine whether the groundwater table is being drawn down in the area which may be affecting tree health.

• Continue to minimise vehicle access over the hospital grounds where there are no formal parking bays or driveways to prevent soil compaction and damage to tree roots, especially the fine feeder roots that are located closer to the surface.

• Where practical, obtain regional DMSI data from SpecTerra to determine whether the Peppermint trees in the Busselton region are in decline or the decline in tree health is restricted to the Busselton Hospital Campus site.

• Liaise with the regional Department of Parks and Wildlife office and the Centre of Excellence for Climate Change, Woodland and Forest Health regarding details of regional Peppermint tree studies that have been, are currently, or proposed to occur in the South-west of Western Australia.

• Liaise with GeoCatch to determine methods which may improve Peppermint tree health at the Busselton hospital, such as providing nutrient supplements to unhealthy trees.

• Ongoing monitoring of the health of the trees is undertaken on a six-monthly basis in consideration of the trigger levels set out in the approved Western Ringtail Possum Management Plan. The next tree health monitoring is due to be conducted in March 2014.

• Replace missing tree tags, to improve the accuracy of future monitoring periods. If the tags are not replaced, then it may considered necessary to remove the trees from the monitoring program to reduce the potential for significant error, associated with the sampling of incorrect trees.


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7 References Bureau of Meteorology. 2013. Climate Data Online, Monthly Weather Data. A WWW publication accessed on 7 November 2013 at http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_nccObsCode=122&p_display_type=dai lyDataFile&p_startYear=&p_c=&p_stn_num=09603. Bureau of Meteorology, Canberra, ACT.

Coffey Environments. 2011a. Tree Health and Western Ringtail Possum Habitat Assessment Busselton Hospital Site. Unpublished report prepared for the Department of Health and the Department of Treasury and Finance. Coffey Environments Report No. EP2010/231 Version 6.

Coffey Environments. 2011b. Tree Health Monitoring Busselton Hospital Site September 2011/October 2011. Unpublished report prepared for the Department of Health and the Department of Treasury and Finance. Coffey Environments Report No. EP2012/153 Version 2.

Coffey Environments. 2012a. Tree Health Monitoring Busselton Hospital Site March 2012. Unpublished report prepared for the Department of Health and the Department of Treasury and Finance. Coffey Environments Report No. EP2011/186 Version 1.

Coffey Environments. 2012b. Western Ringtail Possum Management Plan, Department of Health Busselton Hospital Health Campus Redevelopment, June 2012. Coffey Environments Report No. EP2011-143 Version 8 Final.

Coffey Environments. 2012c. Tree Health Monitoring Busselton Hospital Site October 2012. Unpublished report prepared for the Department of Health and the Department of Treasury and Finance. Coffey Environments Report No. EP2012/198 Version 3.

Coffey Environments. 2013. Tree Health Monitoring Busselton Hospital Site March 2013. Unpublished report prepared for the Department of Health and the Department of Treasury and Finance. Coffey Environments Report No. EP2013/039 Version 3/

Dakin, N., White, D., Hardy, G. and Burgess, T. 2010. The opportunistic pathogen, Neofusicoccum australe, is responsible for crown dieback of peppermint (Agonis flexuosa) in Western Australia. Australasian Plant Pathology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol 39, pg 202-206.

Appendix A Tree Health Monitoring Procedure

Tree Health Monitoring Procedure This procedure has been prepared to outline the Tree Health Monitoring procedure to be implemented within the Conservation Area of the Busselton Health Campus site and is also detailed in the Busselton Health Campus – Revegetation Management Plan. The baseline for the tree health monitoring was undertaken in September 2010 with a follow-up survey undertaken in March 2011. These two survey periods represent baseline data for winter (September; after winter rain) and summer (March; after summer drought) health of the trees. The methodology employed utilised a combination of on-ground visual survey and digital multi-spectral imagery. The methodology for each survey method is described below.

On-ground Visual Health Survey The on-ground visual health survey involved the establishment of four transects of 100 m in length and the tagging of 152 individual trees along these transects, within the site (112 in September 2010 and a further 40 in March 2011). Every tree along the transect 5m either side of the transect centreline was also tagged (138 trees). This equated to a total of 290 trees tagged throughout the site. The tags were attached with wire loosely wound around the tree in a way which would not hinder future growth and girth expansion of the tree.

The September 2010 winter baseline survey was undertaken on 21 and 22 September 2010 and the March 2011 summer baseline survey was undertaken on 24 and 25 March 2011.

The four transects were established within areas of dense canopy growth in the north of the site and the southwest corner. Posts were left in the ground at 10m intervals with photos taken from each post. Photos were also taken from the north side of every individual tree during the first monitoring period, where practicable. These photos may or may not be used in determining the health of the tagged trees. The following information was collected from each tagged tree within the site:

• Species – The species identification of each tree tagged was recorded (e.g. Agonis flexuosa).

• Estimated height – The height of each tagged tree was estimated visually to the nearest half metre (e.g. the nearest 0.5 m).

• Number of trunks – The number of trunks originating from the base of the tree was counted. This value can be fairly arbitrary with the possibility of two or more trees considered to be the one tree.

• Crown Position – The position of the crown was estimated based on the height of the tree and is considered to be a function of the individual live crown in relation to the surrounding overstorey. Tree height between 2.5 m and 7 m was considered to have a Lower Crown Position; tree height between 7.5 m and 8.5 m was considered to have a Middle Crown Position; and tree height exceeding 9 m was considered to have an Upper Crown Position;

• Vigour – A visual assessment of the crown vigour of individual trees classified into three categories. Vigour Class 1 are trees that are considered to have a healthy percentage of live canopy and Vigour Class 3 are trees that are considered to have a very poor-degraded percentage of live canopy. Vigour Class 2 are trees that are considered to be somewhere between healthy and unhealthy.

The Vigour Class ratings ranged from 1 (for a healthy tree) through to 3 (for an unhealthy, dying or dead tree) with a rating of 1.5 or 2.5 used for trees considered to be in between either 1 and 2 or 2 and 3.

• Crown Density – Is an estimate of the proportion of the crown volume that contains biomass (e.g. green foliage, branches and reproductive structures) compared to if the entire canopy was well vegetated (e.g. 100%). Crown density is recorded as a percentage or calculated using recognised methodology. Canopy cover can also be estimated from the remote sensing imagery described below;

• Foliage Transparency – Is an estimate of the absence of foliage where foliage would normally occur. Foliage transparency is directly related to Crown Density. Foliage Transparency is recorded as a percentage;

• Crown Dieback – Is a measure of the proportion of the crown that has experienced recent dieback from branchlets and canopy branches. Crown Dieback has been recorded into one of seven categories based on a percentage of crown dieback. The categories are:

– 0 to 5% = Category 1. – 6 to 10% = Category 2. – 11 to 20% = Category 3. – 21 to 40% = Category 4. – 41 to 60% = Category 5. – 61 to 80% = Category 6. – 81 to 100% = Category 7.

• General Tree Observations – The following observations of each tagged tree were also recorded. These observations do not generally suggest a tree is in decline;

– Insect Damage – Notes were taken from each tagged tree on obvious signs of insect damage (e.g. damage from Insect Borers). Generally trees are able to cope with some form of insect activity and trees provide a niche for many insect species (e.g. spiders etc);

– Pathogens – Notes were taken from each tagged tree if obvious signs of pathogens were evident (e.g. cankers, fruiting bodies);

– Epicormic Growth – Notes were taken from each tagged tree if epicormic growth was seen. Epicormic growth is a response to stress (e.g. fire) and new shoots are produced from epicormic buds;

– Flowering and/or Fruiting – Notes were taken from each tagged tree if the tree was flowering or had new fruits; and

– The Presence of Possums or Dreys – Notes were taken from each tagged tree if a possum was recorded from within the tree (asleep in the tree during the day) or a possum drey was recorded from the tree.

Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) was not taken during this survey. DBH are considered to be a long term tool for determining tree health and data is generally only collected once every year or two. It was decided not to be collected during the initial baseline (winter and summer) surveys because they had already been collected in 2009 by SurvCon Pty Ltd during a survey of the trees located on the site. It is expected that DBH values will be collected in 2011.

Digital Multi-Spectral Imagery SpecTerra Services provide airborne remote sensing imagery for vegetation mapping and monitoring projects. SpecTerra were commissioned to provide a Digital Multi-Spectral Imagery (DMSI) of the hospital site and surrounds to provide accurate imagery of the health of the vegetation. The initial fly-over is considered to be baseline and further subsequent flights will allow comparisons to be made between the fly-overs. SpecTerra refer to this as ‘change detection’. The technique can be used to determine whether the vegetation is improving or declining based on plant cell density values.

SpecTerra Services undertook the initial fly-over on 1 October 2010 using a HiRAMs07-01 camera with a 28.00 mm focal length with a CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) array size of 2048 x 2048 with an acquisition resolution of 0.25 m to capture the digital imagery.

SpecTerra Services undertook the follow-up flight on 14 March 2011 using a HiRAMS0803 camera utilising the same focal length, CCD array size and acquisition resolution as the October 2010 fly-over.

The imagery’s were taken at four band lengths ranging from Blue (450 nm) to Near Infra-red (780 nm) with additional Green (550 nm) and Red (675 nm) Band lengths.

Using the data obtained from the fly-overs, SpecTerra are also able to compare Plant Cell Density (PCD) values between the subsequent flights to determine whether there is a notable PCD change between the different flight periods.

The two flight periods are considered to be winter and summer baseline data with meaningful results determined from comparative flight times (e.g. September 2010 compared to September 2011).

Appendix B Tree Health Data October 2013

Combined Tree Health Data

October 2013

Height DBH Crown Position Vigour ClassCrown Density

Foliage Transparency

Insects PathogensEpicormic

Growth

(m) (mm) Upper/Middle/Lower Rating 1-3 % % Yes/No Category Yes/No Yes/No Yes/No

T1 001 Agonis flexuosa 7 4 98 Lower/Middle 1.5 35 65 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT1 002 Agonis flexuosa 8.5-9 1 245 Middle/Upper 3 10 90 Yes 5 Yes No YesT1 003 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 2 256 Upper 3 10 90 Yes 4 Yes No NoT1 004 Agonis flexuosa 9 3 269 Middle/Upper 3 10 90 Yes 5 Yes No NoT1 005 Agonis flexuosa 9 1 273 Middle/Upper 2.5 20 80 Yes 4 Yes No Yes FlowersT1 006 Agonis flexuosa 9-9.5 1 204 Upper 3 10 90 Yes 5 Yes No YesT1 007 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 2 173 Lower/Middle 2 25 75 Yes 4 Yes No No FlowersT1 008 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 125 Lower/Middle 2.5 15 85 Yes 4 No No Yes FlowersT1 009 Agonis flexuosa 6-7 1 127 Lower/Middle 2.5 20 80 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT1 010 Agonis flexuosa 8 3 225 Middle 2 30 70 Yes 4 No No NoT1 011 Agonis flexuosa 7 7 107 Lower/Middle 2.5 20 80 Yes 4 No No YesT1 012 Agonis flexuosa 6 1 145 Lower 2 20 80 Yes 3 No No NoT1 013 Agonis flexuosa 6 1 97 Lower 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No YesT1 014 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 3 301 Middle 2 20 80 Yes 4 Yes No Yes FlowersT1 015 Agonis flexuosa 6 1 115 Lower 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT1 016 Agonis flexuosa 9 1 295 Middle/Upper 2 30 70 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT1 017 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 2 282 Middle/Upper 2.5 20 80 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT1 018 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 1 388 Upper 2 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT1 019 Agonis flexuosa 4.5 1 62 Lower 2.5 10 90 Yes 4 No No NoT1 020 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 2 201 Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No Yes FlowersT1 021 Agonis flexuosa 7.5-8 5 147 Middle 1.5 35 65 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT1 022 Agonis flexuosa 4.5 1 100 Lower 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No YesT1 023 Agonis flexuosa 8.5-9 1 265 Middle/Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT1 024 Agonis flexuosa 8.5-9 2 265 Middle/Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersT1 025 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 3 111 Lower 2 25 75 Yes 2 No No YesT1 026 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 2 112 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT1 027 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 96 Lower/Middle 2.5 15 85 Yes 4 Yes No YesT1 028 Agonis flexuosa 8 3 264 Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No Yes FlowersT1 029 Agonis flexuosa 8 4 150 Middle 2 25 75 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT1 030 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 2 227 Middle/Upper 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT1 031 Agonis flexuosa 7 4 125 Lower/Middle 2 25 75 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT1 032 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 2 212 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT1 033 Eucalyptus sp. 7 1 237 Lower/Middle 1.5 40 60 Yes 4 No No NoT1 034 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 3 158 Lower 2 25 75 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT1 035 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 154 Lower 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT1 036 Melaleuca sp. 6 1 272 Lower 1 70 30 Yes 2 No No No Flowers PossumT1 037 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 211 Middle 2.5 15 85 Yes 4 No No Yes FlowersT1 038 Agonis flexuosa 8 4 136 Middle 2.5 15 85 Yes 4 No No No FlowersT1 039 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 3 252 Lower/Middle 2.5 20 80 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT1 040 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 192 Lower 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT1 041 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 3 237 Middle 1.5 25 75 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT1 042 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 209 Lower/Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT1 043 Agonis flexuosa 5.5 1 Lower 3 0 100 Yes 7 Yes No NoT1 044 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 210 Middle 3 10 90 Yes 6 No No Yes FlowersT1 045 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 Lower 3 0 100 Yes 7 No No NoT1 046 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 156 Middle 1.5 25 75 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT1 047 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 338 Middle 3 5 95 Yes 6 Yes No YesT1 048 Agonis flexuosa 4 1 76 Lower 3 15 85 Yes 4 No No Yes FlowersT1 049 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 3 198 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT1 050 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 3 269 Middle 2 25 75 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT1 051 Agonis flexuosa 8 3 104 Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT1 052 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 110 Middle 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT1 053 Melaleuca sp. 2.2 1 100 Lower 1 55 45 Yes 2 No No NoT1 054 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 2 150 Upper 2.5 25 75 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT1 055 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 294 Middle 3 10 90 Yes 6 No Yes YesT2 056 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 2 140 Lower/Middle 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT2 057 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 2 Lower/Middle 3 0 100 Yes 7 No No NoT2 058 Agonis flexuosa 8 6 256 Middle 1.5 40 60 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT2 059 Agonis flexuosa 10 4 352 Upper 2 30 70 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT2 060 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 183 Middle 1.5 25 75 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT2 061 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 1 205 Middle/Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT2 062 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 1 265 Middle/Upper 2 20 80 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT2 063 Agonis flexuosa 9 1 219 Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT2 064 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 4 307 Upper 1.5 25 75 Yes 3 No No Yes Flowers

Possums/Dreys

Flowering/Fruiting

Transect No. or Individual

Tag No. SpeciesNo. of

Trunks

Crown Dieback

Page 1


October 2013




Growth


Possums/Dreys

Flowering/Fruiting



Trunks

Crown Dieback

T2 065 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 246 Middle 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT2 066 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 297 Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT2 067 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 296 Lower/Middle 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT2 068 Agonis flexuosa 8 3 196 Middle 2 35 65 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT2 069 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 1 311 Middle/Upper 2 25 75 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT2 070 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 344 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT2 071 Agonis flexuosa 8 3 444 Middle 2.5 20 80 Yes 4 No No No FlowersT2 072 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 1 476 Middle/Upper 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT2 073 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 520 Middle 2 20 80 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersT2 074 Agonis flexuosa 7.5-8 1 545 Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT2 075 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 311 Lower/Middle 2.5 20 80 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT2 076 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 234 Lower 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT2 077 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 357 Middle 2 25 75 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersT2 078 Agonis flexuosa 6 1 120 Lower 2 15 85 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersT2 079 Agonis flexuosa 9 3 563 Upper 2 30 70 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT2 080 Agonis flexuosa 5.5-6 2 185 Lower 2 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT2 081 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 3 244 Lower/Middle 1.5 35 65 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT2 082 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 396 Lower/Middle 2 25 75 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT2 083 Agonis flexuosa 5.5 3 152 Lower 2 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT2 084 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 443 Lower/Middle 1.5 35 65 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT2 085 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 411 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No Yes FlowersT2 086 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 389 Lower/Middle 1.5 35 65 Yes 2 No No No Flowers DreyT3 087 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 164 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersT3 088 Agonis flexuosa 8 3 625 Middle 2 30 70 Yes 2 Yes No NoT3 089 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 175 Lower 3 5 95 Yes 7 Yes No NoT3 090 Agonis flexuosa 5 3 130 Lower 2 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT3 091 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 399 Middle 2 25 75 Yes 3 Yes No Yes FlowersT3 092 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 233 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 2 Yes No YesT3 093 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 122 Lower/Middle 2.5 15 85 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT3 094 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 2 198 Lower/Middle 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No NoT3 095 Agonis flexuosa 6 10 90 Lower 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 Yes No NoT3 096 Agonis flexuosa 5.5 2 98 Lower 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT3 097 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 1 387 Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT3 098 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 4 269 Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No Flowers PossumT3 099 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 261 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT3 100 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 163 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT3 101 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 330 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No Yes FlowersT3 102 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 2 361 Middle 3 10 90 Yes 6 Yes No Yes FlowersT3 103 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 224 Middle 2.5 15 85 Yes 4 No No No FlowersT3 104 Agonis flexuosa 10 1 443 Upper 3 10 90 Yes 6 No No NoT3 105 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 169 Lower/Middle 2.5 10 90 Yes 4 No No Yes FlowersT3 106 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 314 Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT3 107 Agonis flexuosa 5 3 173 Lower 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT3 108 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 188 Lower/Middle 3 0 100 Yes 7 No No NoT3 109 Agonis flexuosa 7 3 135 Lower/Middle 3 15 85 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT3 110 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 2 248 Middle/Upper 1.5 35 65 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT3 111 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 279 Lower 1 40 60 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT3 112 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 5 456 Middle/Upper 1.5 40 60 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT3 113 Agonis flexuosa 7 7 183 Lower/Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT4 114 Agonis flexuosa 10 3 452 Upper 1 40 60 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT4 115 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 1 444 Upper 1 40 60 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersT4 116 Agonis flexuosa 10 1 Upper 3 0 100 Yes 7 No No NoT4 117 Agonis flexuosa 10 3 148 Upper 2 25 75 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT4 118 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 4 255 Middle/Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersT4 119 Agonis flexuosa 9 5 132 Upper 2 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT4 120 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 198 Middle 2 15 85 Yes 3 Yes No No Flowers DreyT4 121 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 225 Middle 2 20 80 Yes 2 Yes No YesT4 122 Agonis flexuosa 8 5 78 Middle 2 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT4 123 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 3 316 Middle/Upper 3 10 90 Yes 7 Yes No No FlowersT4 124 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 1 272 Middle/Upper 2 20 80 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersT4 125 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 1 405 Upper 2 20 80 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT4 126 Agonis flexuosa 10 6 200 Upper 1 40 60 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT4 127 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 6 104 Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 3 Yes No Yes FlowersT4 128 Agonis flexuosa 9 3 122 Upper 2.5 20 80 Yes 2 Yes No No Flowers

Page 2


October 2013




Growth


Possums/Dreys

Flowering/Fruiting



Trunks

Crown Dieback

T4 129 Agonis flexuosa 7 6 345 Lower/Middle 2.5 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT4 130 Agonis flexuosa 9 3 204 Upper 1 40 60 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersT4 131 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 190 Lower 3 15 85 Yes 4 No No YesT4 132 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 3 124 Lower/Middle 3 10 90 Yes 4 No No YesT4 133 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 3 388 Middle/Upper 2 25 75 Yes 3 No No No FlowersT4 134 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 223 Lower/Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersT4 135 Agonis flexuosa 10 1 338 Upper 2.5 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersT4 136 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 2 295 Lower/Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 No No NoT4 137 Agonis flexuosa 10 2 387 Upper 1 35 65 Yes 2 No No No FlowersT4 138 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 3 110 Lower/Middle 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 Yes No YesI 143 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 202 Lower 2.0 25 75 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 144 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 200 Lower 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 146 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 168 Lower 2.0 20 80 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersI 147 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 454 Middle 2.0 15 85 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersI 148 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 230 Lower 2.0 20 80 Yes 3 No No No FlowersI 149 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 353 Lower 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersI 150 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 5 231 Lower 1.5 25 75 Yes 3 No No No Flowers DreyI 175 Agonis flexuosa 4.5 3 160 Lower 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersI 176 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 152 Lower 1.0 35 65 Yes 1 Yes No Yes Flowers DreyI 177 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 228 Lower 2 20 80 Yes 3 No No No FlowersI 178 Agonis flexuosa 5 2 150 Lower 1.0 40 60 Yes 1 Yes No No Flowers DreyI 183 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 152 Lower 1.0 35 65 Yes 1 No No No DreyI 184 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 117 Lower 2.0 15 85 Yes 4 No No No Flowers DreyI 187 Agonis flexuosa 6 4 120 Lower 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No No Flowers DreyI 188 Agonis flexuosa 8 3 189 Middle 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersI 204 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 354 Middle 2 30 70 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersI 205 Agonis flexuosa 5.5 1 260 Lower 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 206 Agonis flexuosa 6 1 243 Lower 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 207 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 595 Lower 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersI 208 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 2 200 Lower 3.0 15 85 Yes 4 No No Yes FlowersI 209 Agonis flexuosa 6 1 398 Lower 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 210 Agonis flexuosa 6 1 418 Lower 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 211 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 311 Lower 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 212 Agonis flexuosa 4.5 1 382 Lower 1.5 35 65 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 214 Agonis flexuosa 9 1 765 Upper 1.5 35 65 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 215 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 325 Middle 2 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersI 216 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 581 Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 217 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 203 Lower/Middle 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 218 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 Lower/Middle 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 219 Agonis flexuosa 4 2 142 Lower 2.0 20 80 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersI 220 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 255 Middle 2.0 20 80 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 221 Agonis flexuosa 8 3 910 Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 Yes Yes No FlowersI 222 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 234 Lower/Middle 1.0 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 223 Agonis flexuosa 7 2 258 Lower/Middle 1.0 40 60 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersI 224 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 625 Lower/Middle 2.5 25 75 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersI 225 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 335 Lower/Middle 1.0 35 65 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 226 Agonis flexuosa 8 4 351 Middle 1.5 35 65 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersI 227 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 204 Middle 2 30 70 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersI 228 Agonis flexuosa 7 4 168 Lower/Middle 2 25 75 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersI 229 Agonis flexuosa 5 2 185 Lower 2 25 75 Yes 3 No No No FlowersI 230 Agonis flexuosa 5 3 187 Lower 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 231 Agonis flexuosa 5.5 4 121 Lower 2 25 75 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersI 232 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 149 Lower 2.0 20 80 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 233 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 2 499 Middle/Upper 1.5 20 80 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersI 234 Agonis flexuosa 12 1 524 Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 235 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 2 229 Middle/Upper 1.5 20 80 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersI 236 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 1 371 Middle/Upper 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersI 237 Agonis flexuosa 9 2 142 Upper 1.0 35 65 Yes 1 No No No Flowers DreyI 238 Agonis flexuosa 10.5 3 306 Upper 2 25 75 Yes 3 No No Yes Flowers PossumI 239 Agonis flexuosa 10 2 275 Upper 1.0 35 65 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 240 Agonis flexuosa 6 1 213 Lower 2 20 80 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 241 Agonis flexuosa 10 2 400 Upper 1.0 25 75 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersI 242 Agonis flexuosa 10 2 333 Upper 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 243 Agonis flexuosa 9 1 317 Upper 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 No No No Flowers

Page 3


October 2013




Growth


Possums/Dreys

Flowering/Fruiting



Trunks

Crown Dieback

I 244 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 3 195 Middle/Upper 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersI 245 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 134 Middle 2.0 20 80 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 246 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 327 Middle 1.0 35 65 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersI 247 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 202 Lower/Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 248 Agonis flexuosa 9 1 335 Upper 2 25 75 Yes 2 Yes No Yes FlowersI 249 Agonis flexuosa 10 2 443 Upper 1.5 35 65 Yes 3 Yes No No FlowersI 250 Agonis flexuosa 8 6 258 Middle 1.0 40 60 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersI 251 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 6 89 Upper 2 40 60 Yes 4 No No No FlowersI 252 Agonis flexuosa 6 4 245 Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersI 253 Agonis flexuosa 10 6 278 Upper 2.0 25 75 Yes 3 No No No FlowersI 254 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 2 468 Upper 3.0 15 85 Yes 5 No No No FlowersI 255 Agonis flexuosa 9 5 255 Upper 2.0 20 80 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersI 256 Agonis flexuosa 11 7 184 Upper 2.0 30 70 Yes 3 No No No FlowersI 257 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 1 695 Upper 2.0 25 75 Yes 2 Yes Yes No FlowersI 258 Agonis flexuosa 8 8 391 Middle 1.5 35 65 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 259 Agonis flexuosa 10 1 625 Upper 2.5 15 85 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersI 260 Agonis flexuosa 10 7 280 Upper 1.5 25 75 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersI 261 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 4 155 Middle 2.5 20 80 Yes 4 Yes No Yes FlowersI 262 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 186 Lower 2.0 20 80 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 263 Agonis flexuosa 11.5 5 98 Upper 2.0 20 80 Yes 3 No No Yes FlowersI 264 Agonis flexuosa 10.5 7 86 Upper 2.5 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No Yes FlowersI 265 Agonis flexuosa 11 7 244 Upper 2.5 15 85 Yes 4 Yes No Yes FlowersI 266 Agonis flexuosa 11 3 323 Upper 2.0 25 75 Yes 4 Yes No Yes FlowersI 267 Agonis flexuosa 9 2 395 Upper 3.0 5 95 Yes 6 Yes No Yes FlowersI 268 Agonis flexuosa 9 5 235 Upper 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 Yes No No FlowersI 269 Agonis flexuosa 10 1 539 Upper 2.0 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No Yes FlowersI 270 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 181 Lower 2.0 20 80 Yes 3 No No No FlowersI 271 Agonis flexuosa 5.5 3 182 Lower 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 272 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 1 240 Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersI 273 Agonis flexuosa 11.5 5 343 Upper 1.0 35 65 Yes 1 No No Yes FlowersI 274 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 312 Lower 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 275 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 316 Middle 1.5 25 75 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersI 276 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 187 Lower 2.0 20 80 Yes 3 Yes No Yes FlowersI 277 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 153 Lower 2.0 25 75 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersI 279 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 730 Lower 2.5 15 85 Yes 5 No No Yes FlowersI 280 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 3 439 Middle 1.5 30 70 Yes 2 No No No FlowersI 281 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 147 Lower 2.0 20 80 Yes 2 No No Yes FlowersI 282 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 188 Lower 2.5 10 90 Yes 5 Yes No Yes Flowers

Note: insects present 'yes' blue font refers to borers, 'yes' red font refers to termites, 'yes' purple font refers to termites and borers

Page 4

Appendix C Tree Health Data October 2012

Appendix CIndividual Tree Data - October 2012

Height DBH Crown Position

Vigour Class

Crown Density

Foliage Transparency Insects Pathogens Epicormic

GrowthFlowering/

Fruiting Possums/Dreys

(m) (mm) Upper/Middle/Lower Rating 1-3 % % Yes/No Category Yes/No Yes/No Yes/No Fl/Fr P/D

I 143 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 202 Lower 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 144 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 200 Lower 1.0 35.0 65.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 146 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 168 Lower 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 147 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 454 Middle 2.0 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 No No Yes BudsI 148 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 230 Lower 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 149 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 353 Lower 2.5 15.0 85.0 Yes 3 Yes No No BudsI 150 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 5 231 Lower 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 2 No No No Buds DreysI 175 Agonis flexuosa 4.5 3 160 Lower 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 1 Yes No No Buds FloweringI 176 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 152 Lower 1.0 40.0 60.0 Yes 1 Yes No No Buds FloweringI 177 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 228 Lower 2 25.0 75.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 178 Agonis flexuosa 5 2 150 Lower 1.0 35.0 65.0 Yes 1 Yes No Yes BudsI 183 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 152 Lower 1.0 35.0 65.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 184 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 117 Lower 1.0 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 187 Agonis flexuosa 6 4 120 Lower 2 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 Yes No No BudsI 188 Agonis flexuosa 8 3 189 Middle 2 25.0 75.0 Yes 2 Yes No No BudsI 204 Agonis flexuosa 8 1.5 354 Middle 1.5 35.0 65.0 Yes 3 Yes No No BudsI 205 Agonis flexuosa 5.5 1.5 260 Lower 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 206 Agonis flexuosa 6 1.5 243 Lower 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 207 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1.5 595 Lower 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 Yes No No BudsI 208 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1.5 200 Lower 3.0 15.0 85.0 Yes 4 No No Yes BudsI 209 Agonis flexuosa 6 3 398 Lower 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 210 Agonis flexuosa 6 1.5 418 Lower 2 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 211 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 311 Lower 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 212 Agonis flexuosa 4.5 1.5 382 Lower 1.5 35.0 65.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 214 Agonis flexuosa 9 1.5 765 Upper 1.0 45.0 55.0 Yes 1 No No Yes BudsI 215 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 325 Middle 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 3 Yes No No BudsI 216 Agonis flexuosa 8 1.5 581 Middle 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 217 Agonis flexuosa 7 1.5 203 Lower/Middle 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 218 Agonis flexuosa 7 1.5 Lower/Middle 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 219 Agonis flexuosa 4 2 142 Lower 2.5 10.0 90.0 Yes 2 Yes No No BudsI 220 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 255 Middle 2.0 15.0 85.0 Yes 3 No No No BudsI 221 Agonis flexuosa 8 1.5 910 Middle 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 3 Yes No No BudsI 222 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 234 Lower/Middle 1.0 30.0 70.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 223 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 258 Lower/Middle 1.0 40.0 60.0 Yes 1 Yes No No BudsI 224 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 3 625 Lower/Middle 3.0 10.0 90.0 Yes 6 No No No BudsI 225 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 335 Lower/Middle 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 226 Agonis flexuosa 8 1.5 351 Middle 1 40.0 60.0 Yes 2 Yes No No BudsI 227 Agonis flexuosa 8 1.5 204 Middle 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 2 Yes No Yes BudsI 228 Agonis flexuosa 7 1.5 168 Lower/Middle 2 20.0 80.0 Yes 3 No No No Buds

Transect No. or Individual Tag No. Species No. of

Trunks

Crown Dieback

Appendix_C_Oct 2012 - Tree Health Data.xlsx1 of 3



Vigour Class

Crown Density


GrowthFlowering/




Trunks

Crown Dieback

I 229 Agonis flexuosa 5 2 185 Lower 1 40.0 60.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 230 Agonis flexuosa 5 2 187 Lower 1 35.0 65.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 231 Agonis flexuosa 5.5 1.5 121 Lower 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 232 Agonis flexuosa 5 1.5 149 Lower 1.5 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 No No No Buds FloweringI 233 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 2 499 Middle/Upper 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 234 Agonis flexuosa 12 1 524 Upper 1.0 30.0 70.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 235 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 2 229 Middle/Upper 1.5 20.0 80.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 236 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 1 371 Middle/Upper 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 2 No No Yes BudsI 237 Agonis flexuosa 9 2 142 Upper 1.0 35.0 65.0 Yes 1 No No Yes BudsI 238 Agonis flexuosa 10.5 3 306 Upper 2 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 Yes No Yes BudsI 239 Agonis flexuosa 10 2 275 Upper 1.0 35.0 65.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 240 Agonis flexuosa 6 1 213 Lower 2 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 241 Agonis flexuosa 10 2 400 Upper 1.0 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 Yes No Yes BudsI 242 Agonis flexuosa 10 2 333 Upper 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 1 No No Yes BudsI 243 Agonis flexuosa 9 1 317 Upper 2 20.0 80.0 Yes 3 No No No BudsI 244 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 3 195 Middle/Upper 2.0 20.0 80.0 Yes 3 Yes No Yes BudsI 245 Agonis flexuosa 8 2 134 Middle 1.5 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 No No No Buds DreysI 246 Agonis flexuosa 8 1 327 Middle 1.0 30.0 70.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 247 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 202 Lower/Middle 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 248 Agonis flexuosa 9 1 335 Upper 2 25.0 75.0 Yes 2 Yes No No BudsI 249 Agonis flexuosa 10 2 443 Upper 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 3 No No No BudsI 250 Agonis flexuosa 8 6 258 Middle 1.0 40.0 60.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 251 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 6 89 Upper 2 40.0 60.0 Yes 3 No No No BudsI 252 Agonis flexuosa 6 4 245 Middle 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 253 Agonis flexuosa 10 6 278 Upper 2.0 25.0 75.0 Yes 3 Yes No No BudsI 254 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 2 468 Upper 2.5 20.0 80.0 Yes 5 No No No BudsI 255 Agonis flexuosa 9 5 255 Upper 2.0 25.0 75.0 Yes 2 No No Yes BudsI 256 Agonis flexuosa 11 7 184 Upper 2.0 25.0 75.0 Yes 3 No No No BudsI 257 Agonis flexuosa 9.5 1 695 Upper 2.0 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 258 Agonis flexuosa 8 8 391 Middle 1.5 35.0 65.0 Yes 2 Yes No No BudsI 259 Agonis flexuosa 10 1 625 Upper 2.0 20.0 80.0 Yes 4 No No No BudsI 260 Agonis flexuosa 10 7 280 Upper 1.5 25.0 75.0 Yes 3 No No No BudsI 261 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 4 155 Middle 2.0 25.0 75.0 Yes 4 Yes No No BudsI 262 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 186 Lower 2.0 15.0 85.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 263 Agonis flexuosa 11.5 5 98 Upper 2.0 25.0 75.0 Yes 3 Yes No No BudsI 264 Agonis flexuosa 10.5 7 86 Upper 2.5 20.0 80.0 Yes 4 Yes No Yes BudsI 265 Agonis flexuosa 11 7 244 Upper 2.5 15.0 85.0 Yes 5 Yes No Yes BudsI 266 Agonis flexuosa 11 3 323 Upper 1.5 40.0 60.0 Yes 3 Yes No No BudsI 267 Agonis flexuosa 9 2 395 Upper 3.0 5.0 95.0 Yes 6 Yes No No Buds




Vigour Class

Crown Density


GrowthFlowering/




Trunks

Crown Dieback

I 268 Agonis flexuosa 9 5 235 Upper 2.0 25.0 75.0 Yes 2 Yes No No BudsI 269 Agonis flexuosa 10 1 539 Upper 2.0 30.0 70.0 Yes 3 No No No BudsI 270 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 181 Lower 2.5 10.0 90.0 Yes 4 No No No BudsI 271 Agonis flexuosa 5.5 3 182 Lower 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 1 No No No BudsI 272 Agonis flexuosa 8.5 1 240 Middle 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 2 Yes No No BudsI 273 Agonis flexuosa 11.5 5 343 Upper 1.5 35.0 65.0 Yes 2 No No Yes BudsI 274 Agonis flexuosa 7 1 312 Lower 1.5 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 Yes No Yes BudsI 275 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 1 316 Middle 1.5 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 276 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 187 Lower 1.5 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 Yes No No BudsI 277 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 153 Lower 2.0 15.0 85.0 Yes 2 No No Yes BudsI 279 Agonis flexuosa 6.5 1 730 Lower 2.0 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 No No No BudsI 280 Agonis flexuosa 7.5 3 439 Middle 1.5 30.0 70.0 Yes 1 Yes No No BudsI 281 Agonis flexuosa 6 2 147 Lower 2.0 20.0 80.0 Yes 2 No No Yes BudsI 282 Agonis flexuosa 5 1 188 Lower 2.0 15.0 85.0 Yes 3 Yes No No Buds


Appendix D SpecTerra Services – October 2013 DMSI True Imagery

Appendix E SpecTerra Services – October 2013 DMSI False Imager y

Appendix F Busselton Hospital Change Detection October 2012 to October 2013

Appendix G Busselton Hospital Change Detection October 2010 to October 2013

October 2013 Tree Health Monitoring · 2013-12-13 · 3.3 Crown density and foliage transparency...

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Transcript of October 2013 Tree Health Monitoring · 2013-12-13 · 3.3 Crown density and foliage transparency...