Oceans' VocabularyOceans' Vocabulary

Unit 4Unit 4

GROUND FISHGROUND FISH fish that live on, in, or fish that live on, in, or

near the bottom of the near the bottom of the body of water they body of water they inhabit. inhabit.

Examples –cod, Examples –cod, haddock, red fish, haddock, red fish, flounderflounder

PELAGICPELAGIC fish that live near the fish that live near the

surface or in the surface or in the water column of water column of coastal or ocean coastal or ocean waters (but not on the waters (but not on the bottom)bottom)

Examples- herring, Examples- herring, bluefin tuna, bluefin tuna, anchovies anchovies

RECRUITMENTRECRUITMENT Means the fish grow Means the fish grow

to a certain size or to a certain size or reproductive ratereproductive rate

Refers to age a fish Refers to age a fish can be caught and can be caught and counted in netcounted in net

YEAR-CLASSYEAR-CLASS consist of all consist of all fishfish born born

in the same year. in the same year.

FECUNDITYFECUNDITY The number of eggs The number of eggs

which is laid during which is laid during one spawning periodone spawning period

Methods of FishingMethods of Fishing

http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/crhttp://www.montereybayaquarium.org/cr/cr_seafoodwatch/sfw_gear.aspx_seafoodwatch/sfw_gear.aspx

OTTER TRAWLEROTTER TRAWLER Trawling is a method Trawling is a method

of fishing that involves of fishing that involves actively dragging or actively dragging or pulling a trawl through pulling a trawl through the water behind one the water behind one or more trawlers or more trawlers

Otter trawlers deploy Otter trawlers deploy one or more parallel one or more parallel trawls kept apart trawls kept apart horizontally using horizontally using otter boardsotter boards. These . These trawls can be towed trawls can be towed in midwater or along in midwater or along the bottom. the bottom.

Otter trawlerOtter trawler

LONGLININGLONGLINING longliners set a single longliners set a single

line of hooks, up to line of hooks, up to 130 km long, behind 130 km long, behind the boat. Attached to the boat. Attached to it are literally it are literally thousands of baited thousands of baited hooks hooks

GILLNETGILLNET A fishing net set A fishing net set

vertically in the water vertically in the water so that fish swimming so that fish swimming into it are entangled into it are entangled by the gills in its mesh by the gills in its mesh

PURSE SEINEPURSE SEINE A fishing seine is a A fishing seine is a

net made of a long net made of a long wall of netting that is wall of netting that is drawn into the shape drawn into the shape of a bag to enclose of a bag to enclose the catch the catch

Usually involves two Usually involves two boatsboats

BYCATCHBYCATCH

fish caught unintentionally in a fishery fish caught unintentionally in a fishery while intending to catch other fish.while intending to catch other fish.

TARGET CATCHTARGET CATCH

The species which the fishermen The species which the fishermen intentionally or are licensed to catch and intentionally or are licensed to catch and keepkeep

STOCKSTOCK

Fish stocksFish stocks are the population of a are the population of a particular particular speciesspecies of of fishfish, for which growth, , for which growth, recruitment, mortality and fishing mortality recruitment, mortality and fishing mortality are the only significant factors in are the only significant factors in determining the population.determining the population.

MAXIMUM SUSTAINABLE YEILDMAXIMUM SUSTAINABLE YEILD

MSY MSY the largest yield (or catch) that can be the largest yield (or catch) that can be

taken from a species' stock over an taken from a species' stock over an indefinite period indefinite period

to maintain the population size at the point to maintain the population size at the point of maximum growth rate by harvesting the of maximum growth rate by harvesting the individuals that would normally be added individuals that would normally be added to the population to the population